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    Grade 10 Seismic Waves

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    Azziely-Arah Santiago Pabro
    Seismic waves are generated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the Earth's interior and surface waves that travel along the Earth's surface. P-waves and S-waves are types of body waves that helped scientists discover details about the Earth's internal structure like the existence of the mantle, outer core, and inner core through analyzing how wave speeds change with depth.

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    Grade 10 Seismic Waves

    Uploaded by

    Azziely-Arah Santiago Pabro
    22 views13 pages
    Seismic waves are generated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the Earth's interior and surface waves that travel along the Earth's surface. P-waves and S-waves are types of body waves that helped scientists discover details about the Earth's internal structure like the existence of the mantle, outer core, and inner core through analyzing how wave speeds change with depth.

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    Seismic waves are generated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the Earth's interior and surface waves that travel along the Earth's surface. P-waves and S-waves are types of body waves that helped scientists discover details about the Earth's internal structure like the existence of the mantle, outer core, and inner core through analyzing how wave speeds change with depth.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views13 pages

    Grade 10 Seismic Waves

    Uploaded by

    Azziely-Arah Santiago Pabro
    Seismic waves are generated by earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and travel through the Earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves that travel through the Earth's interior and surface waves that travel along the Earth's surface. P-waves and S-waves are types of body waves that helped scientists discover details about the Earth's internal structure like the existence of the mantle, outer core, and inner core through analyzing how wave speeds change with depth.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Waves of energy which

    travel through the planet


    when an earthquake
    occurs, when blocks of
    rocks break, when a
    volcano erupts, or when
    tectonic plates move.

    https://images.app.goo.gl/gDJK9F1XqzyYFgfBA
    A highly sensitive
    instrument used
    to detect seismic
    waves.

    https://images.app.goo.gl/2fAncc7qTj3ZB9nZ7
    1. Body waves –
    travel through the
    inner layers of the
    earth
    2. Surface waves –
    travel only on the
    surface.
    https://images.app.goo.gl/sjaWbjYtvikqTwuT8
    1. Primary waves (P-waves) first
    to be felt on the Earth’s; they
    shake the ground back and forth
    in the same and in opposite
    direction through which surface
    they move.

    Pass through solid sections of the


    Earth but are refracted or bent
    when they travel through liquids. https://images.app.goo.gl/sjaWbjYtvikqTwuT8
    2. Secondary waves (S-waves)
    felt in up-and-down motion
    perpendicular to the direction of
    the wave. They do not travel
    through liquids.

    https://images.app.goo.gl/sjaWbjYtvikqTwuT8
    1. Love waves
    are the fastest type of the
    surface waves and move
    the ground from side to
    side.

    (Augustus Edward H. Love,


    geologist and mathematician)
    https://images.app.goo.gl/sjaWbjYtvikqTwuT8
    2. Rayleigh waves move in
    circular manner similar to
    rolling on the ground, and
    cause buildings to heave up
    and down and side to side.
    (John William Strutt, also
    known as Lord Rayleigh)
    https://images.app.goo.gl/sjaWbjYtvikqTwuT8
    Scientist gained information about
    the Earth’s internal structures by
    studying how seismic waves travel
    through the Earth.

    It involves measuring the time it


    takes for both type of waves to
    reach seismic wave detecting
    stations from the epicenter of an
    earthquake.
    https://www.google.com/search?q=love+and+rayleigh+gif&rlz=1C1VDKB_enPH955PH955&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjY9pP40-75AhXh-
    GEKHf8NCr0Q_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1600&bih=680&dpr=1.2&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=yTbDFWP71F68hM
    Andrija Mohorovicic
    found out that the velocity of
    seismic waves changes and
    increases at a distance of about 50
    kilometers below the Earth’s
    surface.

    This led to the idea that there is a


    difference in density between the
    Earth’s outermost layer and the
    layer the layer that lies below it. https://images.app.goo.gl/KQ5oURTHbmUPVFcW7
    P-waves can travel through liquids
    while S-waves cannot.

    During an earthquake, the seismic


    waves radiate from the focus. The
    farther away from the epicenter
    means the longer time interval
    between arrival of P and S waves.

    As the depth increases, the density


    also increases.
    https://images.app.goo.gl/KQ5oURTHbmUPVFcW7
    Beno Gutenberg
    German seismologist discover the
    existence of a shadow zone, could
    only be explained if the Earth
    contained a core composed of a
    material different from that of the
    mantle causing the bending of the
    P-waves.
    https://images.app.goo.gl/KQ5oURTHbmUPVFcW7
    Inge lehmann
    Danish seismologist who discovered a
    new region of seismic reflection within
    the core.

    Earth has a core within a core.

    The size of the inner core was accurately


    calculated through nuclear
    underground test conducted at Nevada.
    https://images.app.goo.gl/Mvo21E7FHweE7UfRA

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