Is Complete Questions Answer

Short Question.
1. What is Data and Information?

Data:
Data consists of raw facts, such as Student name, roll number, Mobile number and Studying in which
semester.
Information:
Information is a collection of facts & collection of data.
2. Define: Process and Knowledge.

Process:
Turning data into information is a process or a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a define
outcome [result].
Knowledge:
Knowledge is awareness & understanding of a set of information & ways that information can be
complete useful to support a specific task to a decision.
3. Explain the terms: Input and Output
INPUT
In information system, input is the activity of gathering and capturing raw data. In producing
paycheck, e.g. the number of hours worked for every employee must be collected before
paycheck can be calculated or printed.
OUTPUT
In information system, output involves producing useful information, usually in the form of
documents & reports. Output can include paychecks for employee.
Reports for managers and information supplied to stockholders, banks, government agencies and
other groups.
In some cases output from one system can become input for another.
4. List out the various characteristics of valuable information.
(1) Accurate
(2) Complete
(3) Economical
(4) Flexible
(5) Reliable
(6) Relevant
(7) Simple
(8) Timely
(9) Verifiable
(10) Accessible
(11) Secure
5. What are the benefits of Information?
6. What is Data? List out types of data.

7. Data:
Data consists of raw facts, such as Student name, roll number, Mobile number and Studying in
which semester.
(1) Textual Data
(2) Numerical Data
(3) Graphical Data
(4) Audio Data
(5) Video Data
(6) Photography
8. Define System and also give its example.

System:
System is a set of elements or components that interact to achieve goals. Systems have inputs,
processing, output and feedback.
For example, a disk subsystem is a component or part of a computer system.
9. Define System in an Organization.
10.What is system boundary?

All components of an information system to be authorized for operation by an
authorizing official and excludes separately authorized systems, to which the
information system is connected.
11.Define Knowledge.
Knowledge:
Knowledge is awareness & understanding of a set of information & ways that information can be
complete useful to support a specific task to a decision.
12.Define wisdom.
The concept of wisom as it pertains to information systems refers to the ethical
development and use of these systems.
13.List out various Business Information System
14.Differentiate between Data and information.

Data Information
Data is unorganised and unrefined facts Information comprises processed, organised data
presented in a meaningful context
Data is an individual unit that contains raw materials Information is a group of data that collectively carries
which do not carry any specific meaning. a logical meaning.
Data doesn’t depend on information. Information depends on data.
Raw data alone is insufficient for decision making Information is sufficient for decision making
An example of data is a student’s test score The average score of a class is the information
derived from the given data.
15.Differentiate between open and closed system.

Colsed Open
Closed systems are those that have no Open system interacts with its environment.
interaction with environment,
Closed systems are self-contained and self- Open systems are not self-contained and not
maintaining auto maintaining
Closed systems are generally mechanical
16.Differentiate between Probabilistic & deterministic system.
17.List out activities of TPS.

data collection
data editing
data correction
data manipulation
data storage
document production.
18.List out objective of TPS.

 Process data generated by and about transactions
 Maintain a high degree of accuracy and integrity
 Avoid processing fraudulent transactions
 Produce timely user responses and reports
 Increase labor efficiency
 Help improve customer service
 Help build and maintain customer loyalty
 Achieve competitive advantage
19.List out characteristics of MIS.

Provide Reports with Fixed & Standard Formats
Produce Hard-Copy & Soft-Copy Reports
Use Internal Data Stored in the Computer System
Allow End Users to Develop Their Own Custom Reports
Require User Requests for Reports Developed by System Personal
20.List out types of system.
 Simply
 Complax
 Open
 Close
 Stable
 Dynamic
 Parmanent
 Temporary
21.List out principal document associated with information flow.
 Purchase Order
 Receiving Report
 Inventory(order list) Transfer
 Purchase Request
 Product Document
 Material Request Report
 Sales Order
 Custom Invoice
 Collection
 Vender Cheque
22.What is Product flow and information flow?
Let us understand product and information flow. 
Example: - when a customer orders a printer at Amazon website that order, actually going to FedEx,
which stocks all the products that HP sales online at a dedicated distribution facility in Pune.
A major FedEx shipping hub. 
FedEx ships the order which activate and email notification to the customer that the printer on is
way and inventory notice to HP that the FedEx where house now has one printer less in the house.
23.Define ERP.
 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a set of integrated programs that manage company’s
vital/imp business operations for an entire multi location, global organization.
 Employees enter information only once and that information is then available to all systems
company-wide.
24.Define DSS.
A decision support system is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, database and
devices everything which helps you to take decision.
25.List the components of DSS.
26.Explain characteristics of DSS.

 Handle Large Amount of Data From Different Sources
 Provide Report & Presentation Flexibility
 Offer Both Textual & Graphical Orientation
 Support Drill-Down Analysis
 Perform Complex, Sophisticated analysis & Comparisons Using Advanced Software Packages
 Simulation
 Goal Seeking Analysis
27.Explain limitation of DSS.

28.Give the benefits of DSS.
29.Give examples of Open and close system.
30.What is ERP? List out its advantages.
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a set of integrated programs that manage company’s vital/imp
business operations for an entire multi location, global organization.
Advantages of ERP:
• Improved access to data for operational decision making
• Elimination of costly, inflexible legacy systems
• Improvement of work processes
• Upgrade of technology infrastructure
31.Differentiate between Open and Close System.
Colsed Open
Closed systems are those that have no Open system interacts with its environment.
interaction with environment,
Closed systems are self-contained and self- Open systems are not self-contained and not
maintaining auto maintaining
Closed systems are generally mechanical
32.List out types of reports generated through MIS.

1) Schedule Reports
2) Key Indicator Reports
3) Demand Reports
4) Exception Reports
5) Drill Down Reports

INFORMATION SYSTEM LONG QUESTIONS
1) Explain characteristics of valuable Information.
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 Accuracy: Information must be accurate, without any errors or distortions. Inaccurate

information can lead to bad decision-making.
 Relevance: Information must be relevant to the task at hand. Irrelevant information can be a
waste of time and resources.
 Timeliness: Information must be available when needed, in a timely manner. Delayed or

outdated information may be useless.
 Completeness: Information must be complete, providing all relevant details required for
making an informed decision.
 Consistency: Information must be consistent across all sources and over time. Inconsistent
information can lead to confusion and mistrust.
 Accessibility: Information must be easily accessible to authorized users, without any

unnecessary restrictions or barriers.
 Security: Information must be protected from unauthorized access, modification, or

destruction.
 Reliability: Information must be reliable, with a high degree of trustworthiness, consistency,

and predictability.
2) Explain input, process, output and feedback in detail.

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 Input: Input refers to the data and information that is entered into the system. This can be in
the form of data that is manually entered by a user or data that is received automatically
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from other systems. The quality of the input affects the quality of the output, and it is
important to ensure that input is accurate, complete, and relevant to the task at hand.
 Process: Once the input is received, the system processes it to create meaningful
information. The process involves sorting, analyzing, and manipulating the data to generate
output. This stage is important to ensure that the information produced is accurate,
relevant, and useful.
 Output: The output is the result of the processing of the input. This can take the form of
reports, charts, graphs, or any other output format that is relevant to the user's needs. The
output should be clear, concise, and presented in a way that is easy to understand.
 Feedback: Feedback is the response from the user or the system that is based on the output.
This allows the user to evaluate the output and determine if it meets their needs. Feedback
can also be used to improve the input or the process, ensuring that the system operates
more efficiently in the future
3) Explain classification of Information.

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4) Explain information resources.
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5) What is information? Explain benefits and need of Information.->
6)Explain characteristics of a system.
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system can be made up of hardware, software, data, people, and processes, all of
which work together to perform a specific function or set of functions.
For example, a computer system consists of hardware components like the CPU,
motherboard, RAM, and hard drive, as well as software components like the
operating system, application programs, and utilities. These components work
together to process data, run applications, and perform various tasks.
7) Explain element of system.

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 Inputs: These are the resources or raw materials that are necessary to operate the system,
and which are transformed or processed into outputs.
 Processes: These are the methods, rules, or algorithms that are used to transform inputs
into outputs. Processes can be manual or automated, and can involve different types of
technologies or tools.
 Outputs: These are the products, services, or outcomes that are produced by the system as a
result of the processing of inputs.
 Feedback: This refers to the information that is generated by the system and that is used to
monitor and adjust its performance. Feedback can be positive (reinforcing) or negative
(corrective).
 Control: This refers to the mechanisms or methods used to regulate or manage the
performance of the system. Controls can be built into the system or external to it.
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 Environment: This refers to the external factors or conditions that affect the operation or
performance of the system, such as the physical or social context in which the system
operates.
8) Explain deterministic and Probabilistic system.

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 Deterministic and probabilistic are two ways to describe systems in information

systems.
 A deterministic system is one where the behavior of the system is completely

determined by its initial state and the rules that govern its behavior. This means that
given a set of inputs, the output of the system is always the same. Deterministic
systems are predictable and can be modeled with mathematical equations. Examples
of deterministic systems include a clock, a computer, or a car engine.
 A probabilistic system, on the other hand, is one where the behavior of the system is
not completely predictable. The behavior of a probabilistic system is determined by
a set of probabilities that describe the likelihood of different outcomes. This means
that given the same set of inputs, the output of the system can be different each
time it is run. Probabilistic systems are used to model systems where there is a
degree of uncertainty, such as in weather forecasting, financial markets, or traffic
flow.
 In information systems, both deterministic and probabilistic models are used.

Deterministic models are often used to simulate and analyze systems that can be
fully described and predicted with mathematical equations. Probabilistic models, on
the other hand, are used to analyze systems where the outcomes are not completely
predictable and where there is a degree of uncertainty
9) Explain open and closed system.

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 In the field of systems thinking and systems theory, an open system

refers to a system that interacts with its environment, while a closed
system refers to a system that does not interact with its environment.
 An open system is characterized by the exchange of matter, energy, or
information with its environment. In other words, it receives inputs from
the outside and processes them to produce outputs that are then
released into the environment. Examples of open systems include living
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organisms, organizations, and ecosystems. These systems have the

capacity to adapt and evolve in response to changes in their
environment.
 On the other hand, a closed system is characterized by a lack of
interaction with the environment. Such a system operates in isolation
and does not receive any inputs or outputs from the outside. A perfect
example of a closed system is the universe, which is often considered as
a self-contained entity that operates according to its own laws and
principles.
 In practice, most systems are neither completely open nor completely
closed, but rather fall somewhere on a continuum between the two
extremes. However, the concepts of open and closed systems are useful
in understanding the degree of interaction between a system and its
environment and the impact that this interaction can have on the
system's behavior and outcomes.
10) Explain types of information system.
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 Transaction processing systems: These systems process routine business
transactions, such as sales or payroll.
 Management information systems: These systems provide information
to managers in a timely and organized way, such as reports on sales or
production.
 Decision support systems: These systems help managers make decisions
by providing tools for analyzing data and information.
 Expert systems: These systems use artificial intelligence to
provide expert-level advice and assistance in specific areas,
such as medical diagnosis or financial analysis.
 Executive information systems: These systems provide top-level
executives with information and tools for strategic decision-making.
 Office automation systems: These systems automate routine office
tasks, such as scheduling and document management.
 Collaborative systems: These systems allow people to work together,
share information, and communicate remotely.
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11) Explain CBIS with its components.
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12) Explain steps to convert manual system into computerized

information system.
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1. Identify the manual system: The first step is to identify
the existing manual system and its processes. This
involves understanding the flow of information, the tasks
performed, and the people involved.
2. Define the scope of the computerized information

system: Once the manual system is understood, the next
step is to define the scope of the computerized
information system. This includes identifying the
functionality required, the data to be stored, and the
users who will access the system.
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3. Design the computerized information system: Based on

the scope of the computerized information system, a
design needs to be created. This involves selecting
appropriate hardware and software components, as well
as creating the database schema and user interface.
4. Develop the computerized information system: The

development phase involves building the system,
including coding the software and configuring the
hardware.
5. Test the computerized information system: Once the

system is developed, it needs to be tested to ensure it
works as expected. This involves testing the functionality,
data input and output, and user experience.
6. Train users: Once the system has been tested, users need
to be trained on how to use it effectively.
7. Implement the computerized information system: Finally,

the system can be implemented, which involves
transitioning from the manual system to the new
computerized information system.
13) What is BIS? Explain Principal function system in business.
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BIS stands for Business Information System. It refers to a set of
interrelated components that work together to collect, process,
store, and distribute information to support decision-making,
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coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of activities in a

business or organization.
The principal functions of a Business Information System can be
described as follows:
1. Data Management: BIS is responsible for managing and

organizing data that is relevant to the business. This involves
collecting data from various sources, processing and storing it
in a structured way, and making it easily accessible to users.
2. Information Processing: BIS helps to process the data collected

by transforming it into useful information that can be used to
support decision-making, analysis, and forecasting.
3. Communication: BIS provides a means of communication

between different parts of the business or organization. It
enables the sharing of data and information between
employees, departments, and even between different
organizations.
4. Decision Making: BIS provides the necessary information to

support the decision-making process in a business. This
includes data analysis, forecasting, and visualization tools that
help to support strategic and tactical decision making.
5. Control: BIS provides tools and processes to monitor and

control business processes. This includes tracking performance,
identifying areas of improvement, and implementing controls
to mitigate risk.
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6. Business Process Automation: BIS provides a means to

automate repetitive and time-consuming business processes,
reducing the need for manual intervention and improving
efficiency.
14) List out various Business Information System. Explain any three
System.
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15) Explain special purpose systems of Business Information

Systems.
 Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

Systems: These systems are designed to help businesses
manage their customer relationships, providing tools for
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tracking customer interactions and automating

marketing campaigns.
 Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems: These

systems help businesses manage their supply chain,
providing tools for inventory management,
procurement, and logistics.
 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems: These

systems integrate all aspects of a business, including
finance, human resources, manufacturing, and customer
service, into a single system.
 Business Intelligence (BI) Systems: These systems

provide tools for analyzing and interpreting business
data, allowing businesses to make better decisions
based on real-time data.
 Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Systems: These

systems allow businesses to exchange data
electronically with their suppliers and customers,
automating many aspects of the supply chain.
 Financial Management Systems: These systems help

businesses manage their finances, providing tools for
accounting, budgeting, and financial reporting
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16) Explain Product flow.

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Product flow is an important aspect of business operations as
it helps organizations to manage their inventory levels, track
the movement of goods, and improve the overall efficiency
of their supply chain. Information systems can be used to
support product flow by providing real-time visibility into
inventory levels, automating the tracking of goods, and
streamlining the distribution process.
Some of the key features of information systems that support
product flow include:
 Inventory management: An information system can be

used to manage inventory levels, track the movement of
goods, and optimize the storage and distribution of
products.
 Order processing: Information systems can be used to

process orders, generate invoices, and manage
payments, providing a streamlined process for
customers to order products and for organizations to
fulfill those orders.
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 Logistics management: Information systems can be used

to manage transportation, shipping, and other logistics-
related activities, helping organizations to optimize their
supply chain operations and reduce costs.
 Customer service: An information system can be used to

track customer orders, respond to customer inquiries,
and provide real-time updates on the status of orders,
improving the overall customer experience.
17) Explain Information flow in detail.

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 Input: In this stage, data and information are collected from
various sources and entered into the system. The input stage is
critical to the overall performance of the information system,
as the quality and accuracy of the data entered will affect the
output of the system.
 Processing: In this stage, the collected data and information are

processed and transformed into useful information. This
involves performing calculations, running algorithms, and
manipulating data to produce meaningful results.
 Storage: In this stage, the processed information is stored in a

database or other storage media for future use. The storage
system must be designed to ensure the security and
accessibility of the information.
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 Retrieval: In this stage, the stored information is retrieved from

the storage system and made available for use by authorized
users. The retrieval process must be fast and efficient to meet
the needs of the users.
 Output: In this stage, the processed and retrieved information

is presented in a meaningful way to the users. This may involve
creating reports, graphs, or other visual representations of the
information.
19) Explain principal document associated with information flow.

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1. Data Input Forms: These are documents used to capture data at the
source. They may be electronic or paper-based and may be used to input
data manually or through automated means.
2. Source Documents: These documents contain the original information

that is entered into the system. Examples include invoices, purchase
orders, and receipts.
3. Data Processing Forms: These documents are used to capture

information about the processing of data. They may include log files or
other tracking mechanisms that help ensure the accuracy and
completeness of the processing.
4. Reports: Reports are documents generated by the system that provide

information to users. They may be generated on a regular basis or in
response to specific queries.
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5. Output Documents: These documents contain the results of data

processing. Examples include checks, invoices, and packing slips.
6. Queries: Queries are requests for specific information from the system.
They may be initiated by users or by other systems.
7. System Logs: System logs record information about the operation of the
system, including errors, warnings, and other events.
8. User Manuals: User manuals provide information about how to use the
system. They may include descriptions of the system's functionality,
step-by-step instructions, and troubleshooting tips.
20) Define ERP? Explain its advantages and disadvantages in detail.
->ERP stands for Enterprise Resource Planning. It is a type of

software system that integrates and manages various business
processes and functions, such as accounting, inventory, human
resources, manufacturing, customer relationship management
(CRM), and supply chain management.
Advantages of ERP:
1. Improved Efficiency: ERP helps to streamline business processes and

automate repetitive tasks, reducing the amount of time and effort
required to complete them.
2. Better Decision-Making: ERP provides real-time access to accurate and

relevant data, which can help businesses make more informed decisions.
3. Enhanced Collaboration: ERP software enables employees to collaborate

more easily by sharing information and documents across different
departments and locations.
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4. Increased Visibility: With a centralized database, ERP provides a

complete view of business operations, allowing businesses to identify
trends, spot potential problems, and address issues in real-time.
5. Customizable: ERP systems can be customized to meet the specific

needs of a business, making it more flexible and adaptable.
Disadvantages of ERP:
1. Cost: ERP systems can be expensive to purchase and implement,

especially for small businesses.
2. Time-consuming Implementation: Implementing an ERP system can be a

lengthy and time-consuming process, requiring significant resources and
staff time.
3. Complexity: ERP systems are complex and require specialized expertise

to manage and maintain, which may require additional staff or training.
4. Resistance to Change: Implementing a new ERP system can be a major

change for a business, and some employees may resist the changes or
have difficulty adjusting to the new system.
5. Data Security: ERP systems can be vulnerable to cyber threats and data
breaches, which can be costly and damaging to a business. Therefore, it
is important to have proper security measures in place to protect the
system and its data.
21) Define ERP. Explain MIS, BIS and DSS.
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 ERR or Enterprise Resource Planning, is a type of software that
integrates and manages various business processes, such as finance,
manufacturing, sales, and human resources. It is used to streamline
operations and improve efficiency by providing a single system for
managing different business functions.
 MIS, or Management Information System, is a type of information
system that provides information to managers in a timely and
organized way. It helps managers make decisions by providing tools
for analyzing data and information. BIS, or Business Intelligence
System, is a type of system that collects, processes, and presents data
and information in a way that helps businesses make informed
decisions. It includes tools for data analysis, reporting, and
visualization.
 DSS, or Decision Support System, is a type of system that helps

managers make decisions by providing tools for analyzing data and
information. It can include software, databases, and other tools for
analyzing and presenting data.
22). Explain characteristics of DSS.
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 A Decision Support System (DSS) is an interactive computer-based

information system that helps decision-makers in solving complex
and unstructured problems. DSS combines the decision-making
abilities of humans with the computational abilities of computers to
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provide solutions to specific problems. The following are the

characteristics of DSS:
 Interactive: DSS is an interactive system that allows the user to

interact with the system and input data or commands to solve the
problem.
 Decision-oriented: DSS is designed to support decision-making by

providing information, knowledge, and data to the user to make
better decisions.
 Flexibility: DSS is flexible and adaptable, which means it can be

customized to meet the specific needs of the user.
 Intelligent: DSS has the ability to learn and make decisions based on
past experiences.
 User-friendly: DSS is designed to be user-friendly and easy to use,

even for users with limited technical knowledge.
 Integration: DSS is integrated with other systems to access and utilize

data from various sources.
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 Analytical: DSS is an analytical system that uses mathematical models

and statistical analysis to analyze data and provide insights into
complex problems.
 Collaborative: DSS is a collaborative system that allows users to work

together and share information to solve a problem.
23) Explain components of DSS.
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A Decision Support System (DSS) is a computer-based information system
designed to support the decision-making process within an organization. The
key components of a DSS include:
1. Data Management System: This component manages the storage and retrieval of
data used by the DSS. It may include a database management system, a data
warehouse, or other data storage mechanisms.
2. Model Management System: This component includes the various models used by
the DSS to analyze and process data. It may include statistical models, optimization
models, simulation models, or other types of models.
3. User Interface: This component provides an interface for users to interact with the
DSS. It may include graphical user interfaces (GUIs), web-based interfaces, or other
types of interfaces.
4. Knowledge-Based System: This component includes a set of rules or heuristics used

by the DSS to guide decision-making. It may include expert systems, artificial
intelligence, or other types of knowledge-based systems.
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5. Communication Network: This component enables communication between

different components of the DSS, as well as communication with external systems
and data sources.
6. Hardware and Software: The hardware and software components of the DSS include
the physical components (e.g., servers, workstations) and the software applications
used to support the system
24) What is TPS? Explain transaction processing activities.

T PS (Transaction Processing System) is a type of information system that is
designed to process transactions. Transactions are business operations that
involve the exchange of goods or services between entities. Examples of
transactions include making a purchase at a store, transferring money
between bank accounts, and booking a hotel room.
 Transaction processing activities involve the following steps:
 Capture: Transactions are initiated by a user or system and are
captured by the TPS. Validation: The T PS checks the validity of the
transaction by verifying that the user has the necessary
permissions, the required information is present, and the data is
accurate.
 Update: If the transaction is valid, the TPS updates the relevant
databases or systems to reflect the changes caused by the transaction.
 Output: The T PS generates any necessary output, such as receipts,
confirmation messages, or reports.
 Storage: The TPS stores a record of the transaction for future reference
and auditing purposes.
25) Explain objectives of TPS.
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 Record Keeping: The TPS captures and stores information about transactions in a
database for record-keeping purposes. The information collected by the TPS can be
used for various purposes, such as financial reporting, decision making, and
auditing.
 Data Processing: The TPS processes data related to various business transactions,
such as sales, purchases, and inventory. The data is processed in real-time, which
means that it is available immediately for analysis and decision making.
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 Efficiency: The TPS is designed to improve the efficiency of business processes by

automating routine tasks. By reducing the need for manual data entry and
processing, the TPS can help to reduce errors, improve productivity, and reduce
costs.
 Accuracy: The TPS is designed to ensure the accuracy of transaction data. By

automating data entry and processing, the TPS can reduce errors and ensure that
transaction data is complete and accurate.
 Timeliness: The TPS is designed to provide timely information about business

transactions. By processing data in real-time, the TPS ensures that decision makers
have access to up-to-date information that can be used to make informed decisions.
27) Explain Development process of MIs.
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 Planning and Analysis: This is the initial stage where the organization identifies the
need for an MIS system. The organization defines its goals and objectives and the
information required to achieve those objectives. In this stage, it identifies the
resources required to develop an MIS system.
 System Analysis and Design: In this stage, the organization analyzes the
requirements and designs the MIS system. The organization identifies the data that
needs to be collected, processed, and analyzed. It also identifies the software and
hardware required to develop the system.
 Development: This is the stage where the actual development of the system takes
place. The development team writes the code and integrates the hardware and
software components. They also test the system to identify any errors or issues that
need to be resolved.
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 Implementation: In this stage, the MIS system is deployed and implemented in the
organization. The users are trained to use the system effectively. The organization
also defines the roles and responsibilities of the users and the administrators.
 Maintenance: Once the system is implemented, it needs to be maintained to ensure

that it remains functional and effective. The organization needs to ensure that the
system is updated regularly and that any bugs or issues are resolved.
 Evaluation and Review: This is the final stage where the organization evaluates the
effectiveness of the MIS system. It reviews the performance of the system and
identifies any areas that need improvement. The organization may also conduct user
surveys to gather feedback on the system.
28) Explain characteristics of MIS.
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1. Provides Integrated Information: MIS provides integrated information to managers

so that they can make effective decisions based on the data.
2. Supports Decision Making: MIS provides a range of information, including both

structured and unstructured data, to support decision-making by management.
3. Emphasizes Management Control: MIS emphasizes management control over

operational control by providing relevant information to the management, which
helps them in planning, controlling and monitoring the overall performance of the
organization.
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4. Future-Oriented: MIS is future-oriented, meaning that it focuses on long-term

planning and decision-making.
5. Facilitates Communication: MIS facilitates communication and collaboration among

different departments within the organization by providing real-time data.
6. Provides Timely and Accurate Information: MIS provides timely and accurate
information to the management, which helps them make informed decisions.
7. Provides a Competitive Advantage: MIS can provide a competitive advantage to

organizations by enabling them to make better decisions, improving their
responsiveness to market changes, and optimizing their business processes.
29) Explain Purchase System and Accounting system.
->
Purchase System is an information system that automates the purchasing process, making it
more efficient, accurate, and cost-effective. It involves the entire procurement process,
including requisitioning, ordering, receiving, and paying for goods and services. The system
integrates purchasing functions with other business processes, such as inventory
management, budgeting, and financial management.
A typical Purchase System consists of several sub-systems, including:
 Requisitioning System: This system captures the purchase requests from various
departments in the organization.
 Purchase Order System: This system creates and manages purchase orders for the approved
purchase requests.
25
 Receiving System: This system records the receipt of goods and services and reconciles them
against the purchase order.
 Invoice Processing System: This system processes the vendor invoices and prepares payment
to the vendors.
->An Accounting System is an information system that records, processes, and reports financial
transactions of an organization. The system captures data from various sources, such as purchase
system, sales system, payroll system, and general ledger, and organizes them into financial
statements, such as balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. The system
provides timely and accurate financial information to stakeholders, such as investors, creditors, and
management, for decision-making and performance evaluation.
A typical Accounting System consists of several sub-systems, including:
 General Ledger System: This system records all financial transactions of the organization and
maintains the account balances.
 Accounts Payable System: This system manages vendor invoices and payments.
 Accounts Receivable System: This system manages customer invoices and collections.
 Cash Management System: This system manages cash inflows and outflows and prepares
cash forecasts.
 Financial Reporting System: This system prepares financial statements, such as balance
sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement, and other reports for internal and
external stakeholders.
30). Explain order processing system.

->
The primary goal of an OPS is to ensure that orders are processed accurately and efficiently,
resulting in satisfied customers and increased sales. This is achieved through a series of steps, which
may vary depending on the specific needs of the business, but typically include the following:
 Order entry: The customer places an order, which is entered into the system either manually
or electronically.
26
 Order verification: The system verifies that the order is complete and accurate, and checks
that the necessary inventory is available to fulfill the order.
 Order processing: The system processes the order and generates a confirmation or
acknowledgement to the customer.
 Inventory management: The system updates inventory records to reflect the goods or
services that have been sold.
 Shipping and delivery: The system generates packing slips, shipping labels, and other
documentation necessary for the goods to be delivered to the customer.
 Invoicing and payment processing: The system generates an invoice and processes payment
from the customer.
 Order tracking: The system tracks the progress of the order from entry to fulfillment,
providing real-time updates to the customer and the business.
27

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Short Question.

1. What is Data and Information?

2. Define: Process and Knowledge.

5. What are the benefits of Information?

6. What is Data? List out types of data.

8. Define System and also give its example.

9. Define System in an Organization.

10.What is system boundary?

14.Differentiate between Data and information.

15.Differentiate between open and closed system.

16.Differentiate between Probabilistic & deterministic system.

17.List out activities of TPS.

18.List out objective of TPS.

19.List out characteristics of MIS.

26.Explain characteristics of DSS.

27.Explain limitation of DSS.

30.What is ERP? List out its advantages.

31.Differentiate between Open and Close System.

32.List out types of reports generated through MIS.

2) Key Indicator Reports

5) Drill Down Reports

1) Explain characteristics of valuable Information.

 Accuracy: Information must be accurate, without any errors or distortions. Inaccurate

 Timeliness: Information must be available when needed, in a timely manner. Delayed or

 Accessibility: Information must be easily accessible to authorized users, without any

 Security: Information must be protected from unauthorized access, modification, or

 Reliability: Information must be reliable, with a high degree of trustworthiness, consistency,

2) Explain input, process, output and feedback in detail.

3) Explain classification of Information.

4) Explain information resources.

5) What is information? Explain benefits and need of Information.->

6)Explain characteristics of a system.

7) Explain element of system.

8) Explain deterministic and Probabilistic system.

 Deterministic and probabilistic are two ways to describe systems in information

 A deterministic system is one where the behavior of the system is completely

 In information systems, both deterministic and probabilistic models are used.

9) Explain open and closed system.

 In the field of systems thinking and systems theory, an open system

organisms, organizations, and ecosystems. These systems have the

11) Explain CBIS with its components.

12) Explain steps to convert manual system into computerized

2. Define the scope of the computerized information

3. Design the computerized information system: Based on

4. Develop the computerized information system: The

5. Test the computerized information system: Once the

7. Implement the computerized information system: Finally,

coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of activities in a

1. Data Management: BIS is responsible for managing and

2. Information Processing: BIS helps to process the data collected

3. Communication: BIS provides a means of communication

4. Decision Making: BIS provides the necessary information to

5. Control: BIS provides tools and processes to monitor and

6. Business Process Automation: BIS provides a means to

15) Explain special purpose systems of Business Information

 Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

tracking customer interactions and automating

 Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems: These

 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems: These