ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LACTUCA

SATIVA USING RICE BRAN AND COMPLETE 14-14-14 FERTILIZER

IN A HYDROPONICS SETUP

A Research Presented to the

Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High School
City of Pagadian, Zamboanga del Sur

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion

By:

Agunot, Crizel Ann P.

Alviz, Kate Hyacint M.
Bugarin, Abdul
Carreon, Andrea Faye C.
Dapogracion, Jill Keah M.
Dasok, Edison S.
Gallemit, Chriz Alyssa Maria
Malang, Aleah Mier E.
Nasol, Shaina Freya G.
Prumon, Angel Zoe G.
Tabudlong, Sandara M.

June 2023
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
DIVISION OF PAGADIAN CITY
ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF

LACTUCA SATIVA USING RICE BRAN AND COMPLETE 14-14-14 FERTILIZER IN A
HYDROPONICS SETUP'' prepared and submitted by Crizel Ann P. Agunot, Kate Hyacint M.
Alviz, Abdul Bugarin, Andrea Faye Carreon, Keah Jill Dapogracion, Edison S. Dasok, Chriz
Alyssa Maria B. Gallemit, Aleah Mier E. Malang. Shaina Freya G, Nasol, Angel Zoe Shea G.
Prumon, and Sandara Dayvi M. Tabudlong, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion, has been examined and recommended for
acceptance and approval for Final Oral Defense.

               

JOHNREN FRANZ M. SIABOC WEIZMANN CHAIM L. RAMONES

Inquiries, Investigation, Immersion Adviser Research Adviser

RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Accepted and approved by the Committee on Oral Defense with the Grade of
_____________.

EUGENE L. IMFIEL, MAEd     JESSIE P. DOLIA

Member                                         Member

REA CHRISTYMAE A. DURAN, MAEd

Research Coordinator

  Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Inquiries,
Investigation, and Immersion (3I’s) under the Science Technology Engineering Mathematics
Strand.
  

NONA J. ONG                                         PENELOPE V. ROMANILLOS

Assistant Principal             Assistant Principal
(Operations) (Academics)

JERYL M. CASILAO, EdD

School Principal III
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their sincere thanks and appreciation to

all who in one way or another have helped in making the research into reality.

To our research advisers, Sir Weizmann Chaim Ramones and Engr. Johnren

Franz Siaboc, for providing us with invaluable supervision, support, and tutelage

during the course of our research study. Being able to work and study under their

direction was an honor and privilege, if it weren't for their assistance and enthusiastic

participation in each step of the process, this paper would not have been completed. 

To our school principal, Dr. Jeryl M. Casilao, for permission to conduct the

study in the building's electricity-using facilities. 

To the Canilao Farm and City Agriculture Office - Pagadian, Danlugan Demo

Farm, for helping us with plant suggestions for improvement and providing us with

knowledge related to our studies.

To our family, relatives, friends, for their financial and emotional assistance,

their unwavering support, understanding and love they showed to us to continue the

hardship of this research. To our classmates mainly Christian Llavore, Benz

Antenero, and Ian Demaulo for extending their help during the conduct of our study.

Most of all, to God the Almighty, deserves the utmost praise and gratitude for

his mercy and leadership throughout our research and in making it a success. 

The Researchers
 DEDICATION

This is the fruit of countries and arduous sacrifices. Through the researcher’s

effort, this work heartily, and proudly dedicated to the people who serve as an

inspiration. To our parents, and guardians, and to the circle of friends who extended

help in the midst of problems while doing this work.

Despite all the hardships we’ve undergone, the sweat, and all the sacrifices,

we were able to make this work possible. A memorized of the painstaking efforts and

the sleepless night in making this study is successful one, this work is humbly

dedicated to our capstone project and inquiries, investigation, and immersion

advisers Mr. Weizmann Chaim L. Ramones and Mr. Johnren M. Siaboc, for their

patience and guidance during the conduction of our study and for the support and

encouragement throughout the whole research process.

To the faculty and staff of Zamboanga del Sur National High School – Senior

High School, Pagadian City. Above all, to God who showered us His blessings in our

everyday life. Especially for the strength, courage, patience, wisdom, time, and

guidance in realization at this work.

The Researchers
 ABSTRACT

ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF LACTUCA

SATIVA USING RICE BRAN AND COMPLETE 14-14-14 FERTILIZER IN A
HYDROPONIC SETUP
.

Hydroponics became popular as one way of farming crops such as Lactuca

sativa. Thus, this study evaluates the organoleptic characteristics of Lactuca sativa
using rice bran and complete 14-14-14 fertilizer in a hydroponics set-up. Previous
research claims organic fertilizer is more convenient to use in a hydroponic system,
and inorganic fertilizers will not achieve a great yield compared to organic fertilizers.
To prove this, experiments are conducted applying different treatments: solution, rice
bran, and complete 14-14-14 fertilizer and gathering data every 3 days. It was
proven that complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has the highest potential to accelerate the
growth rate of Lactuca sativa. For the other treatments, it is also viable. Regardless,
there are still variables that affect plant’s growth and limitatKeywords: Organoleptic
Evaluation, Rice Bran, Complete 14-14-14, Hydroponics

ions to the study. Therefore, further research must be conducted for implementation
of massive scale in hydroponic set-up.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                                           

PAGE

TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………………………..... i

APPROVAL SHEET…………………………………………………………………...….. ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………………..... iii

DEDICATION…………………………………………………………………………….... iv

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………………… v

TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………….……... vi

LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………….….. vii

LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………… viii

CHAPTERS

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND………………………………….…1

Introduction…………………………………………………….……….……..1

Statement of the Problem………………………………………….……...…5

Hypothesis…………….…………………………………………………..…..6

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………..…..6

Significance of the Study………………………………………………..…...7

Scope and Delimitation…………………………………………………....…7

Definition of terms………………………………………………………..…...8
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE………………………………..….…..10

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………………..……..15

Research Design…………………………………………………..………..15

Research Environment …………………………………………..……...…15

Research Instrument………………………………………………..………15

Sampling Design……………………………………………………..……..16

Data Gathering and Procedure……………………………………..……..18

Ethical Considerations………………………………………………..…….18

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION………………………………………....…… 20

V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND………..……….…….. 27  

Summary of Findings……………………………………..………….... ….27

Conclusions………………………………………………………..…..……29

Recommendation……………………………………………….…………..31

REFERENCES……………………………………………………………….....… 33

APPENDICES…………………………………………………………..…….…... 40

APPENDIX A………………………………………………..……..………40

APPENDIX B……………………………………………………..…..……41

APPENDIX C………………………………………………………………42

APPENDIX D………………………………………………………………43

CURRICULUM VITAE…………………………..………………………………. 44
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLES PAGE

Table 1. One-way Analysis of Variance on the Growth Rate of the

Organoleptic Characteristics of Lactuca sativa Between Three Treatments

in terms of Height, Size of the Leaves, and Weight…………………………….…… 25

 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURES

PAGE

Figure 1. Independent and Dependent Variable framework of

hydroponics setup………………………………………………………………… 6

Figure 2. System Design………………………………………………………….16

Figure 3. Growth rate in terms of Height……………………………………….20

Figure 4. Growth rate in terms of Sizes of the Leaves………………………...22

Figure 5. Growth rate in terms of Weight………………………………...……..23

 1

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter provides a broad overview of the research reported in this

thesis and it introduces the research strategy of the thesis. The chapter

begins with a discussion on the background and motivations of this research.

Introduction

The present condition of the globe faces humanity with a slew of

daunting issues, including a fast-growing global population, rising air pollution

and water contamination, decreasing water resources, and climate change

(Tripp, Timothy, 2014). Addressing these challenges and finding long-term

solutions to keep life going is critical for humanity's well-being. Traditional

agricultural techniques, growing urbanization, and industrialization have all

had a negative impact on the environment, diminishing the amount of

available land for cultivation (Sharma et al., 2018). Advances in food

production systems are required to provide sustainable food supply for the

world's rising population.

As a result of environmental concerns about the production of synthetic

fertilizer and waste management, it is of interest to develop efficient food

production systems, in which the advantages of hydroponic cultivation are

combined with the large organic waste resources available, not least in urban

areas (Somerville et al., 2014).

Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in water without the use of

soil and mineral nourishment solutions. In this approach, the plant can be

cultivated with its roots directly in the mineral fertilizer solution or in an inert
 2

medium such as perlite, gravel, mineral wool, or coconut husk (Asao, 2012). It

is feasible that the most intensive form of crop production makes optimal use

of water and mineral fertilizers while taking up the least amount of area.

Technology allows for more exact growth control in fast-growing settings,

making it easier to investigate the variables, components, or parameters.

Commercial gardeners have utilized it successfully for fast-growing

horticulture crops such as lettuce, strawberries, tomatoes, cucumbers, and

ornamentals.

Lettuce is a fantastic introductory plant for hydroponic newbies, serving as

an excellent jumping off place for those new to this growth method. Because

of its fast growth rate, high productivity, and ability to thrive within limited

space constraints, Lactuca sativa, commonly known as lettuce, is an ideal

candidate for hydroponic cultivation. Growing lettuce isn't difficult or

expensive, and you can get started with almost no experience and very little

money. At the same time, hydroponic lettuce systems are extremely scalable

and monetizable. Every year, commercial growers around the world produce

millions and millions of dollars of the material. Whatever stage of your

hydroponic adventure you are in, lettuce may be the ideal vegetable for you

(Jamie, 2022).

By enabling precise fertilization control, hydroponic culture fosters crop

development. While soil culture is an open system with a relatively poor

efficiency of water and fertilizer consumption, a closed recirculating

hydroponic system conserves both fertilizer and water (Hagin and Lowengart,

1996). Organic fertilizer, which slows plant growth, cannot be used in

 3

conventional hydroponic systems because it contains organic components

that have been deemed phytotoxic (Lee et al. 2006). However, from the

viewpoint of resource recycling, it is important to develop methods capable of

using organic fertilizer sources in hydroponics.

In hydroponic systems, rice hulls can be employed as filtering aids.

According to Ottman (2019), rice hulls function as a mechanical filter,

capturing particles and trash in the water. This lessens the chance of clogging

the system and keeps the water pure. The use of rice hulls in hydroponics is

becoming more and more common because of their many advantages

(George, 2016). The light weight and promise for improved water retention of

rice hulls (Cabanes et al, 2014). Additionally, they feed the plant nitrogen,

which can assist give plants more strength (Milla et al., 2013) because they

are free or inexpensive when made during the rice harvest, rice hulls are

affordable. The pH of rice hulls is about neutral (Thiyageshwari et al., 2018).

The best lettuce is ensured by sufficient fertilizer, consistent water

supply, and cold temperatures. According to Peiris and Weerakkody (2015),

the majority of farmers grow lettuce in hydroponic systems and open fields

using inorganic fertilizers.

The Complete 14-14-14 fertilizer serves as a valuable tool in providing

a healthy growth boost to various plants, including lawns, vegetables, flowers,

and potted plants, throughout their growing season. With balanced

proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (14% N, 14% P, and 14%

K), this fertilizer surpasses lower NPK fertilizers by offering higher

concentrations of these essential nutrients. By supplying all the necessary

 4

minerals, it effectively supports accelerated plant growth, facilitating faster and

robust development (Jamie, 2022).

Hydroponic nutrients are specially formulated for plants that are grown

without soil. They contain all the essential elements that plants need to grow,

including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (Martin and Bunkner, 2022).

While it’s possible to grow hydroponic plants without nutrients will see very

limited results. The leaves need nutrients like nitrogen and the roots need

phosphorus and can pretty much forget about seeing any fruit. You can skirt

around this by using organic media that breaks down over time and releases

fertility as it does. Coco coir and peat both contain many nutrients that are

required for growth. But this will only get you so far. For reliable results you

really do need to feed the plants (Brock, 2023).

Among factors affecting hydroponic production systems, the nutrient

solution is one of the most important determining factors of crop yield and

quality. The fundamental component in the hydroponic system is represented

by the nutrient solution. The control of nutrient solution concentration, referred

to as electrical conductivity or osmotic pressure, allows the culture of a great

diversity of species (Terez and Melino, 2012).

Growing lettuce hydroponically has benefits for the environment, the

product, and the consumer due to the development of high-quality goods, a

quick growth cycle, higher production, as well as the use of less water and

agricultural inputs (Moraes et al., 2018). Other advantages of hydroponically

cultivated veggies. Vegetables grown in soil don't have to worry about the

drainage issue anymore. Herbicide is no longer necessary because

 5

maintaining the correct pH level for each produce is much easier, and weed

control is no longer a concern. Since hydroponic farming does not need soil,

the issue of soil depletion is also resolved (Amerman, 2016).

Hydroponics has a number of benefits, but it also has some clear

drawbacks. This includes waterborne infections, costly setup, ongoing

monitoring, and maintenance requirements. A hydroponics system is more

expensive to buy and construct than a conventional garden. Costs vary based

on the type, size, and whether the system is prefabricated or created from

separate components to create a unique design. Compared to conventional

plant cultivation, hydroponics demands a higher level of oversight and

micromanagement. Waterborne illnesses are significantly more prevalent

when plants are grown hydroponically because there is no soil involved

(Smith et al., 2022).

In relation to this study, other research (Wiliam, K., and Nelson, 2016)

indicates that the use of organic nutrient sources is rising for a number of

reasons, including the ability to obtain organic certification for food crops

and/or to lower nitrate levels in crops that are consumed by humans. These

reasons include countries like the Netherlands, Spain, and France that permit

the production of organic food in hydroponic production systems. Growing

organically instead of conventionally presents new difficulties for growers: it is

harder to achieve plant yields that result from inorganic nutrient sources; pH

fluctuates more dramatically; and there are only a limited number of products

that can be used to adjust pH that satisfy organic certification requirements.

 6

According to additional research (Ishida et al., 2022) agricultural

specialists believe that hydroponic farming and the ensuing agribusiness

operations may be the answer to the Philippines' agricultural problems.

However, as more hobbyists move from home growing to large-scale

agribusiness, there is a need to further educate the general public and

potential stakeholders about the issues of the nation's hydroponics system.

Since most commercial farms require quality upgrades like electric pumps and

UV lights for commercial farming, money is a major problem.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to compare the Organoleptic Characteristics of the

Lactuca Sativa using nutrient solution, Rice bran and complete 14-14-14

fertilizer in Hydroponic setup. Specifically, this study answered the following

questions:

1. What are the organoleptic characteristics of Lactuca sativa using nutrient

solution, rice bran and complete 14-14-14 fertilizer of growth rate in terms of:

1.1. Height;

1.2. Size of the leaves; and

1.3. Weight

2. Is there a significant difference between the use of rice bran and complete

14-14-14 fertilizer on the organoleptic characteristics of Lactuca sativa?

 7

Hypothesis

H0: There is no significant difference between the organoleptic

characteristics of Lactuca sativa using rice bran and complete 14-14-14

fertilizer in a hydroponic setup.

Conceptual Framework

SOLUTION Lactuca sativa

RICE BRAN
14-14-14

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Figure 1. Independent and Dependent Variable framework of hydroponics setup

One of the most well-liked hydroponic plants, for both beginners and

experts, is Lactuca sativa. Hydroponically growing the fresh, lush green is

simple. Most plant nutrients in hydroponic systems are delivered via nutrient

solutions. This study, Organoleptic Evaluation on the Characteristics of

Lactuca sativa Using Rice Bran and Complete 14-14-14 Fertilizer in a

Hydroponics Setup, we are to determine which growing environment is healthier for

Lactuca sativa − a hydroponics system using rice bran as the organic fertilizer or a

hydroponic system using complete 14-14-14 as the synthetic fertilizer.

Significance of the Study

The significance of the study “Organoleptic Evaluation on the

Characteristics of Lactuca sativa using nutrient Solution, Rice Bran and

Complete 14-14-14 in a Hydroponics Setup” is to determine whether in the

hydroponics treated with solution, or hydroponics system with rice bran or in

 8

the hydroponics system with complete 14-14-14 fertilizer will the Lactuca

sativa grow healthier. Through this study, we can assess the characteristics of

the Lactuca sativa such as its growth rate in terms of height, weight, diameter,

and size of the leaves, through this hydroponics setup. This study is beneficial

for the farmers having a mass production of crops as this setup will lessen the

time spent in giving fertilizers in the crops since it will just be mixed in the

reservoir and the system will do the work. This is also beneficial for the

community as the production of crops will take faster to avoid food shortage.

Farmers. These people will benefit in terms of the time spent giving fertilizers

in the crops since it will just be mixed in the reservoir and the system will do

the work.

Community. The people will benefit in terms of the food supply since through

this study, it determines which the crops will grow faster and healthier.

Scope and Delimitation

This Organoleptic Evaluation on the Characteristics of Lactuca sativa

using Rice Bran and Complete 14-14-14 fertilizer in a Hydroponics Setup

aimed to help farmers determine if Lactuca sativa grows healthier between

organic fertilizer or synthetic fertilizer. This also helped the community to

avoid food shortage.

Subject Matter. The study Organoleptic Evaluation on the

Characteristics of Lactuca Sativa using Rice Bran and Complete 14-14-14

fertilizer in a Hydroponic Setup focused on the effectiveness of growing

 9

lettuce in a hydroponic setup and its comparison of growing it with fertilizer

and without the fertilizer.

Research Environment and Timeline. This study will be conducted in

Zamboanga del Sur National High School- Senior High School located at

Barangay Sta. Maria, Pagadian City throughout the School Year 2022-2023.

Definition of Terms

To further understand this study, the researchers operationally defined

the following terms:

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa). An annual plant of the family Asteraceae. It is most

often grown as a leaf vegetable, but sometimes for its stem and seeds. In this

study, this plant is the one that is being included to provide the need in this

study.

Hydroponics. A type of horticulture and a subset of hydroculture which

involves growing plants. In this study, it is the main method concerning and

helps in coping up with the experiment.

Fertilizer. Any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soil or to

plant tissues to supply plant nutrients. In this study, it is one of the ones that is

being added as a soil amendment for the plants.

Water. An inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless

chemical substance. In this study, this material serves as an important

resource as it helps the lettuce to grow.

10
 11

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter includes various literature, systems, and studies on

hydroponic farming of Lactuca sativa. Those that were included in this chapter

help in familiarizing information that is relevant and like the present study.

Related Literature

Hydroponics

According to the study of Sharma et.al, 2018, hydroponic farming is

becoming more and more popular worldwide because of its effective resource

management and high-quality food output. Using an inert medium, such as

gravel, vermiculite, rockwool, peat moss, sawdust, coir dust, coconut fiber,

etc. to give mechanical support, it is a method of growing plants in nutrient

solutions.

Hydroponic technique is becoming popular because this is a clean and

relatively easy method and there is no chance of soil-borne disease, insect or

pest infection to the crops thereby reducing or eliminating use of pesticides

and their resulting toxicity. This reduces or eliminates the need for pesticides

and the toxicity that results from using them. In addition, plants grow more

quickly than crops grown in fields since there are no mechanical obstacles in

the way of their roots and because all of the nutrients are readily available to

them. This method is extremely helpful in areas where environmental stress

(cold, heat, desert, etc.) is a significant issue (Polycarpou et al.,2005).

 12

Hydroponics has been used successfully by commercial growers for

fast-growing horticulture crops such as lettuce, strawberries, tomatoes,

cucumbers, and ornamental (Asao, 2012). Lactuca sativa are perfectly suited

for hydroponic systems. They grow fast, produce well, and have a small

footprint in your grow space. Lettuce is the perfect first plant for hydroponic

newbies beginners (Jamie, 2022)

By enabling precise fertilization control, hydroponic culture fosters crop

development. While soil culture is an open system with a relatively poor

efficiency of water and fertilizer consumption, a closed recirculating

hydroponic system conserves both fertilizer and water (Hagin and Lowengart,

1996). Organic fertilizer, which slows plant growth, cannot be used in

conventional hydroponic systems because it contains organic components

that have been deemed phytotoxic (Lee et al. 2006). However, from the

viewpoint of resource recycling, it is important to develop methods capable of

using organic fertilizer sources in hydroponics.

Crops can be grown in space habitats using a technique called

"organic hydroponics," which makes use of organic fertilizer. Direct application

of organic fertilizer, however, was found to be harmful to plant growth

(Garland et al. 1997). Therefore, organic fertilizer has been microbially pre-

processed before incorporation into hydroponic solutions (Atkin and Nichols.

2004).

Lettuce is one of the most widely hydroponically grown crops and

studies showed that lettuce has a high yield and good quality under a soilless

production. However, the nutrient solution used in hydroponic systems is

 13

based on chemical fertilizers and recently, there has been an increased

interest in organic hydroponics as the market for organic food continues to

grow (Solis and Magaret, 2022).

Nutrient Solution

According to the study of Shinohara et.al (2011), vegetables can then

be grown in the hydroponic solution that is created. Furthermore, by adding

organic fertilizer directly to the hydroponic fluid during cultivation, we were

able to successfully grow lettuce and tomato plants.

Research work (Williams and Nelson, 2016) stated that in the resulting

hydroponic solution, vegetables can then be cultivated. By adding organic

fertilizer directly to the hydroponic solution while the plants were being grown,

we were also successful in growing lettuce and tomato plants.

Hydroponic nutrients are specially formulated for plants that are grown

without soil. They contain all the essential elements that plants need to grow,

including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (Martin and Bunkner, 2022).

While it’s possible to grow hydroponic plants without nutrients will see very

limited results. The leaves need nutrients like nitrogen and the roots need

phosphorus and can pretty much forget about seeing any fruit. You can skirt

around this by using organic media that breaks down over time and releases

fertility as it does. Coco coir and peat both contain many nutrients that are

required for growth. But this will only get you so far. For reliable results you

really do need to feed the plants (Brock, 2023).

 14

Among factors affecting hydroponic production systems, the nutrient

solution is one of the most important determining factors of crop yield and

quality. The fundamental component in the hydroponic system is represented

by the nutrient solution. The control of nutrient solution concentration, referred

to as electrical conductivity or osmotic pressure, allows the culture of a great

diversity of species (Terez and Melino, 2012).

Rice Bran

Another research work (Subandi et.al, 2021) stated that the use of

Silica fertilizer to the hydroponic fertilizer formula raises production expenses

because it is often ready-to-using industrial fertilizer. One organic source of

Silica that can be utilized to either lower or raise a plant's tolerance for

environmental stress is rice husk. Growth is anticipated to be accelerated by

the use of rice bran silica extract, which is administered to lettuce grown in

saline growing environments.

Yardim and Edwards (2003) showed that the usage of organic

fertilizers had a considerable impact on both pests and predatory insects.

Using cow manure as an organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer as a control,

these employees cultivated tomato plants. They demonstrated how

considerably pest populations were affected by the type of fertilizer. During a

two-year review, Yardim and Edwards found that plants grown in synthetic

fertilizer plots had higher anthocorid populations and lower aphid populations

than plants cultivated in organic fertilizer plots. Yardim and Edwards

concluded that using organic fertilizers might greatly lessen pest infestations

and the need for insecticides.

 15

Complete 14-14-14

According to the research study of Sohail, 2018, it states that in most

cases, inorganic fertilizers promote more productive plant growth. However,

research into new and innovative blends of organic fertilizers is constantly in

demand because of the growing public awareness of the health and

environmental benefits of eating organic produce.

Greenery (2023) stated that complete 14-14-14 is best used with grown

crops and this plant nutrient is not water-soluble and not suited for

hydroponics instead it should be spread on topsoil towards the roots.

At the start of soilless cultivation in the 1970s, many substrates were

tested. Many failed for reasons such as being too wet, too dry, not

sustainable, too expensive and releasing of toxic substances. Several solid

substrates survived including stone wool, perlite, coir (coconut fiber), peat,

polyurethane foam and bark (Mauceiri et.al, 2019).

In hydroponics, the term "14-14-14" refers to the ratio of essential

nutrients required for plant growth: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and

potassium (K), respectively. Lettuce plants generally have different nutrient

requirements throughout their growth stages but using a balanced nutrient

formula like 14-14-14 can be a good starting point. However, it's important to

note that nutrient requirements can vary depending on factors such as lettuce

variety, growth stage, and specific hydroponic system. It's recommended to

monitor the plants closely and adjust the nutrient solution based on their

specific needs (Jamie, 2022).

 16

Complete 14-14-14 fertilizer includes all the minerals required to keep

your plants growing at as optimal a rate as possible. It contains nitrogen

allowing plants to receive its high nutritional value. This Phosphorus is

essential for stimulating the general development rate of your plant. Adding

phosphorus to your plant might also be beneficial during the colder months. It

also has potassium which is a mineral that provides numerous advantages. It

promotes photosynthesis and enhances the plant’s protein intake, which aids

in its growth. Potassium is great for root growth and minimizing dryness

problems. This is due to its ability to control the amount of water vapor,

carbon dioxide, and oxygen that enters and exits the system (Chandler, 2023)
 17

CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the method and procedure used during the

study. This explains the research design, the research locale, the instrument,

and as well as the data collection, data methods used during data collection,

tools for data analysis, and ethical considerations.

Research Design

The study employed an evaluate research design in which there are

three groups observed; a hydroponic set up of Lactuca sativa using nutrient

solution, a hydroponic set up of Lactuca sativa using rice bran and a

hydroponic set up of Lactuca sativa using complete 14-14-14 fertilizer, in

order to determine the comparison of the growth rate of the two in terms of

height, weight, size of the leaves.

Research Environment

The research was conducted at 0236 Golden Heights Subdivision,

Zone 2, Tiguma, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur.

Research Instrument

The researchers utilized a monitoring form to conduct this study. It is a

monitoring and observing form that contains the organoleptic characteristics

of the crops such as the growth rate in terms of height, weight, and the size of

the leaves to determine the difference of the characteristics of the crops

grown with nutrient solution, with rice bran as the organic fertilizer, and with

complete 14-14-14 fertilizer.

 18

Sampling Design and Area

HYDROPONICS SET-UP

Figure 2. System Design

This is the design of the Hydroponic System. The design has six major

parts, namely the water container, water pump, 4” pvc pipe, ¾” pvc pipe,

support frame, and the thru-hull fitting. The construction of these parts is

processed through the three major phases of construction. The pipes, frame,

and overall construction. In the pipes phase, putting together the 4” pvc pipes,

¾” pvc pipe, and the installation of the ¾ thru-hull fitting is done. The 4” pvc

pipe is drilled by a hole saw with a diameter of 3.0” – 3.5” depending on the

size of the pot and then put into the hole. The ¾” pvc pipe is followed since it

is the pathway of water from the container into the plants. Lastly, the ¾” thru-
 19

hull fitting is installed at the end of the pipe in order for the water to be

recycled since the water will come back from its container. In the frame

phase, the production of the support frames will be done. A 2” x 2” x 6” wood

is put together with an angle of 60 degrees and a single piece of small wood

is installed to the support frame in order for it to hold the pipes. Now the 2

phases are done, let’s proceed to the overall construction. The frame and

pipes are installed together including the water container and the water pump.

The water pump will be connected to the ¾” pvc pipe in order for the water to

be used and recycled back to the container. The process will be repeated

three times for the assessment of the different types of solution.

In growing Lactuca sativa, the substrate is placed on the styro cups

where the seeds are planted and takes 3-5 days for it to sprout before

transplanting it to the system. As the plants are being transplanted, the

different fertilizers are being mixed in the designated systems. Each system

has a different type of fertilizer: Rice Bran, Complete 14-14-14, and Hydrobest

Nutrient Solution. This is mixed into the water reservoir or the plant,

depending on the type of fertilizer, with a specific amount. For every 20 liters

of water, the amount of fertilizer needed are the following:

1. Rice Bran: 1 cup of fertilizer mixed to the water.

2. Complete 14-14-14: a pinch of fertilizer directly to the substrate.

3. Hydrobest Nutrient Solution: 25ml for set A and 25ml for set B

mixed to the water.

 20

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers dispatched the letter of permission to the principal of

Zamboanga del Sur National High School-Senior High to conduct this study.

As it was approved, the researchers conducted this study on the selected

area of Tabudlong’s Residence to perform and enact the hydroponic set-up.

In order to arrange the ponder to be abundant, the researchers

followed the methodology on gathering the information and data that are basic

in this study. The researchers arranged a monitoring form consisting of the

recorded data taken every 3 days. This data contains the organoleptic

characteristics of the crops in different set-up which includes the growth rate

in terms of height, weight, and the size of the leaves. This monitoring form is

the basis of the information on the differences of the organoleptic

characteristics of the crops in different set-up. The researchers organized,

analyzed, and interpreted the monitoring form to come up with a conclusion

using one way analysis of variance.

Ethical Consideration

To ensure and advance copyright law, the data was collected from

reliable sources and properly cited. This evaluation's main goal was to

successfully carry out a monitoring. The researchers made the following clear

distinctions when operating the hydroponics setup while rigorously obeying

morals:
 21

Authors of relevant books, journals, and other materials that were used

to specialize the information and knowledge cubes to consider were granted

credentials before the study really started.

 22

CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the data of the study, analysis and interpretation

of data gathered to explain the difference in the organoleptic characteristics of

Lactuca sativa treated with nutrient solution, rice bran, and complete 14-14-14

fertilizer.

Comparison on the Growth rate of Lactuca sativa Between Three

Treatment in terms of Height

Figure 3. Growth rate in terms of Height

 23

Figure 3 shows the comparison of the height of the Lactuca sativa

treated between nutrient solution as treatment 1, rice bran as treatment 2, and

complete 14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3. As revealed in the figure,

treatment 3 ranked first among the three treatments with a growth rate of

10.425 which means VERY HIGH. Treatment 2 is second among the three

treatments with a growth rate of 9.725 which was interpreted as HIGH.

Nevertheless, treatment 1 was in the last rank with the growth rate of 9.2375

and interpreted as LOW. This implies that the Complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has

the highest potential fertilizer to fasten the growth of Lactuca sativa terms of

height.

According to Jamie (2022), complete 14-14-14 fertilizer is used to give

plants, including lawns, vegetables, flowers, and potted plants, a healthy

boost during the growing season. It contains equal amounts of nitrogen,

phosphorus, and potassium (14% N, 14% P, and 14% K) but in higher

concentrations than lower NPK fertilizers. It has all of the minerals needed to

keep your plants growing faster. Peters (2023) stated that one benefit of

using 14-14-14 fertilizer is that it can help promote growth in both leaves and

grass. The high nitrogen content in fertilizer spurs growth in plants.

Additionally, because 14-14-14 fertilizer contains all three of the essential

nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), it can help ensure that your

lawn is getting everything it needs to stay healthy. Another benefit of using 14-

14-14 fertilizer is that it can help improve water absorption in your lawn. This

is due to the potassium content of the fertilizer, which helps plants better
 24

absorb water. Additionally, the fertilizer can help protect your lawn from

stressors like extreme temperatures.

Comparison on the Growth rate of Lactuca sativa Between Three

Treatment in terms of the Sizes of the Leaves

Figure 4. Growth rate in terms of Sizes of the Leaves

Figure 4 compares the size of the treated Lactuca sativa leaves or their

diameter between three different treatments: nutrient solution as treatment 1,

rice bran as treatment 2, and complete 14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3.

According to the figure, treatment 1 placed first among the three treatments

with a growth rate in terms of the size of the leaves of 3.4, which is taken as

VERY HIGH; treatment 3 came in second with a growth rate of 3.1625, which

was regarded as HIGH; and treatment 2 came in third among the three

treatments with a growth rate of 2.6625, which means LOW. This implies that
 25

the nutrient solution allows the Lactuca sativa to grow the healthiest in terms

of the size of the leaves among the three fertilizers.

Furthermore, the influence of nutrients on leaf size corresponds to

several previous findings. Fraile et al. (2017) evaluated the growth and quality

of lettuce in a hydroponic system and concluded that leaf size depended on

nutrient composition, water availability, and temperature.

Research work of Wada (2019) stated that every plant is grown by

providing a nutrient solution that contains all of the essential elements in the

optimal composition and concentration for plant growth. It is critical to

maintain adequate nutritional composition and pH in the nutrient solution.

Adjusting nutrient composition can be accomplished by evaluating mineral

concentrations in the nutrient solution as well as measuring nutrient uptake by

plants.

Comparison on the Growth rate of Lactuca sativa Between Three

Treatment in terms of weight
 26

Figure 5. Growth rate in terms of Weight.

Figure 5 shows the comparison of the weight of Lactuca sativa treated

with nutrient solution as treatment 1, rice bran as treatment 2, and complete

14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3. As revealed in the graph, treatment 3

ranked first among the three treatments with a growth rate of 4. Treatment 1 is

second among the three treatments with a growth rate of 1.875, which was

interpreted as HIGH. Nevertheless, treatment 2 was on the last rank with a

growth rate of 1.75, which was interpreted as LOW. This implies that in terms

of the weight, the complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has the highest potential to

have a healthier Lactuca sativa.

According to Chandler (2023), a complete 14-14-14 fertilizer includes

all the minerals required to keep your plants growing at as optimal a rate as

possible. It contains nitrogen, allowing plants to receive its high nutritional

value. Photosynthesis requires the presence of chlorophyll, which is primarily

composed of nitrogen. Vitamins are also found in proteins and energy-

producing molecules in plants. Phosphorus comes next. If your plants appear

wilted and show stunted growth, they will most likely have a phosphorus

shortage. This mineral is essential for stimulating the general development

rate of your plant. Adding phosphorus to your plant might also be beneficial

during the colder months. Aside from providing winter protection, this nutrient

can promote tillering in your plants, which means that multiple stems will

branch out and produce side branches. It also has potassium, which is a
 27

mineral that provides numerous advantages. It promotes photosynthesis and

enhances the plant’s protein intake, which aids in its growth. Potassium is

great for root growth and minimizing dryness problems. This is due to its

ability to control the amount of water vapor, carbon dioxide, and oxygen that

enters and exits the system.

Table 1. One-way Analysis of Variance on the Growth Rate of the

Organoleptic Characteristics of Lactuca sativa Between Three
Treatments in terms of Height, Size of the Leaves, and Weight

Source of Sum of df MS F FT P Decisio Interpretatio

Variations Squares valu n n
e

height Between 195390. 2 97695. 2.88

Treatments 42 25 1

Within 712107. 21 33909.

Treatments 42 88

Total 907497. 23 3.47 .078 Accept No

91 H0 Significant
Difference
diameter Between 286210 2 14310 4.11
Treatments 6.607 5.303 1

Within 730967. 21 34807.

Treatments 292 966

Total 101717 23 3.47 .031 Rejecte Has

7.899 d H0 Significant
Difference
weight Between 39891.1 2 19945. 3.78
Treatments 416 708 6

Within 110625. 21 5267.8

Treatments 582 85

Total 150516. 23 3.47 .039 Rejecte Has

998 d H0 Significant
Difference
 28

Table 1 details the test difference of the Lactuca sativa between three

treatments: solutions as treatment 1, rice bran as treatment 2, and complete

14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3. One way analysis of variance was used to

test the hypothesis of the mean number on the growth rate in terms of height,

diameter, and weight of the Lactuca sativa at 0.05 level of significance. The

between treatment of the height has two degrees of freedom and twenty-one

degrees of freedom within treatment. Null hypothesis was accepted since that

computed value of 2.881 is less than the tabulated value of 3.47 at 0.05 level

of significance. This means that there will be no statistically significant

difference in the Growth rate of the Lactuca sativa in terms of height, and

implies that the growth rate in terms of height between the three is almost the

same. For the sizes of the leaves, the between treatment has two degrees of

freedom and twenty-one degrees of freedom within treatment. The null

hypothesis was rejected since that computed value of 4.111 is greater than

the tabulated value of 3.47 at 0.05 level of significance. This means that there

is a statistically significant difference in the Growth rate of the Lactuca sativa

in terms of the sizes of the leaves and implies that the nutrient solution has

the highest growth rate in terms of the size of the leaves compared to the

complete 14-14-14 fertilizer and rice bran. Lastly, the between treatment of

the weight has two degrees of freedom and twenty-one degrees of freedom

within treatment. The null hypothesis was rejected since that computed value

of 3.786 is greater than the tabulated value of 3.47 at 0.05 level of

significance. This means that there is a statistically significant difference in the

Growth rate of the Lactuca sativa in terms of weight and implies that the
 29

complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has the highest growth rate in terms of weight

than the nutrient solution and rice bran.

 30

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, and the conclusion and

recommendations and implications drawn from the analyzed data. Also

covered in this section, are the recommendations which the researchers offer

as valuable output of this study.

Summary of Findings:

This research set out to determine the organoleptic characteristics

between a Lactuca sativa treated with solution, rice bran, and complete 14-

14-14 fertilizer. The three separate hydroponics setups used in this study

provided the data for analysis, which revealed the following main findings:

1. 　 Figure 3 shows the comparison of the growth rate of Lactuca sativa

treated with nutrient solution as treatment 1, rice bran as treatment 2, and

complete 14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3 in terms of height. It demonstrates

that Treatment 3 has the highest growth rate among the three treatments with

a value of 10.425; while Treatment 2 is second among the three treatments

with a growth rate of 9.725; and Treatment 1 is in the last rank with a growth

rate of 9.2375. This implies that the Complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has the

highest potential fertilizer to fasten the growth of Lactuca sativa in terms of

height.

2. Figure 4 compares growth rate in terms of the size of the treated

Lactuca sativa leaves or their diameter between three different treatments:

nutrient solution as treatment 1, rice bran as treatment 2, and complete 14-14-

14 fertilizer as treatment 3. According to the figure, treatment 1 placed first

 31

among the three treatments with a growth rate in terms of the size of the

leaves of 3.4; treatment 3 came in second with a growth rate of 3.1625; and

treatment 2 came in third among the three treatments with a growth rate of

2.6625. This implies that the nutrient solution allows the Lactuca sativa to

grow the healthiest in terms of the size of the leaves among the three

fertilizers.

3. Figure 5 shows the comparison of the growth rate in terms of weight of

the Lactuca sativa treated between nutrient solution as treatment 1, rice bran

as treatment 2, and complete 14-14-14 fertilizer as treatment 3. As revealed in

the graph, treatment 3 ranked first among the three treatments with a growth

rate. Treatment 1 is second among the three treatments with a growth rate of

1.875, and treatment 2 was in the last rank with the growth rate of 1.75. This

implies that in terms of the weight, the complete 14-14-14 fertilizer has the

highest potential to have a healthier Lactuca sativa.

5. The hypothesis of the mean number on the growth rate in terms of

height, diameter, and weight of Lactuca sativa was tested using one-way

analysis of variance at the 0.05 level of significance. The height between

treatments has no significant difference since that computed value of 2.881 is

less than the tabulated value of 3.47 at the 0.05 level of significance; thus, the

null hypothesis is accepted. For the sizes of the leaves, the difference

between treatments is significant since the null hypothesis was rejected as the

computed value of 4.111 is greater than the tabulated value of 3.47 at the

0.05 level of significance. Lastly, the treatment of the growth rate of Lactuca

sativa in terms of weight has a significant difference since the computed value
 32

of 3.786 is greater than the tabulated value of 3.47 at the 0.05 level of

significance, and the null hypothesis was rejected.

Conclusions:

Based on the data, the researchers draw the following conclusions.

1. The growth of the organoleptic characteristics of Lactuca sativa

depends on the fertilizer treated.

1.1. Height. Referring to the graph we have presented, T3

(complete 14-14-14 fertilizer) exhibited the highest growth rate in terms

of height with a value of 10.425. Following this, T2 (rice bran), and T1

(solution) treatments demonstrated progressively lower levels of height

growth.

1.2. Weight. As revealed in the figure, T3 (complete 14-14-

14) has the highest growth rate of 4. T1 (solution) is second among the

three treatments and followed by T2 (Rice bran) which shows lower

weight growth.

1.3. Size of the leaves. According to the figure, T1 (solution)

placed first among the three treatments with a growth rate in terms of

the size of the leaves of 3.4, T3 (complete 14-14-14 fertilizer) came in

second and T2 came in third among the three treatments which

demonstrates lower growth rate.

2. One-Using one way analysis of variance, there is no significant

difference between the three treatments in terms of height. In terms of

 33

its weight and the size of the leaves, there is a significant difference

between the three treatments.

Recommendations

Based on the study’s findings, the researchers provided the following

recommendation for future research:

Substrate. The seed that was planted in the rockwool with the complete 14-

14-14 fertilizer resulted in a dead plant. Instead of using rockwool in which the

seed will be planted, we’ve come up with a solution for the seed to be planted

in soil for the system with 14-14-14 as a fertilizer. It stated that complete 14-

14-14 is best used with grown crops, and this plant nutrient is not water-

soluble and not suited for hydroponics; instead, it should be spread on topsoil

towards the roots.

Lighting. Since lettuce is a plant that requires plenty of light to grow, it's

essential to provide sufficient lighting to your hydroponic system. LED grow

lights are the best option for hydroponic lettuce as they are energy-efficient,

long-lasting, and emit the spectrum of light needed for plant growth.

Nutrients. To grow healthy lettuce, you need to provide it with the right

nutrients. Based on the data gathered during the experiment, complete 14-14-

14 fertilizer has the highest potential to accelerate the growth of the Lactuca

sativa.
 34

Water Quality. The quality of water you use in your hydroponic system is

crucial. Tap water can contain high levels of chlorine and other chemicals that

can harm your plants. So, it's recommended to use filtered or distilled water.

Plant Spacing. Space your plants out correctly to prevent overcrowding,

which can lead to poor air circulation and increased humidity levels. For

lettuce, it's recommended to space them about 6-8 inches apart.

Maintenance. Regular maintenance is essential for the health of your

hydroponic lettuce plants. Check the pH and nutrient levels daily, clean your

system regularly, and inspect your plants for any signs of pests or disease.
 35

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Different Expressions of Draft Cherry Tomato Growth, Yield, Quality
 41

under Bamboo and Rice Husk Biochars Application to Clay Loamy

Soil. From https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?
paperid=78915

Upamali Peiris, Palitha Weerakkody. (2015). Effect of Organic based liquid

fertilizers in growth performance of Leaf Lettuce "Lactuca sativa L.".
From
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/294667000_Effect_of_Organi
c_Based_Liquid_Fertilizers_on_Growth_Performance_of_Leaf_Lettuce
_Lactuca_Sativa_L

Venter, P. G. (2017). Hydroponics: know your plants' growth requirements.

From https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/agri-technology/farming-for-
tomorrow/hydroponics-know-plants-growth-requirements/

Victor Moraes, Pdedro Giongo, Francielie Silva, Marcio Mesquita, Jefferson

de Abreu, Ayrton Pereira. (2018). Behavior of three lettuce cultivators
in a hydroponic system. From
https://www.redalyc.org/journal/1799/179964007005/html/#B24

Wada, T. (2019). Theory and Technology to Control the Nutrient Solution of

Hydroponics. 5.

Warigajeshta, W.M.D.N, Anjali, Y.M.U, Krishnarajah, S.A. (2021). Identifying

the most suitable growing medium and fertilizer combination for the
growing stage of Anthurium andraeanum ‘Lady-Jane-Lalani’. From.
https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor
%3Ajoh&volume=24&issue=1&article=002

Yuki Ishida, Pilar Dieter, Nobuiko Nyudo, Shingo Kasumoto. (2022). Food
Resilience through sustainable Hydroponic Business in the Philippines.
From https://ycpsolidiance.com/white-paper/philippines-agribusiness-
industry-report

Zekeria Yusuf. (2020, July 20). Hydroponic Growing of Lettuce (Lactuca

sativa L.) Using Bioorganic Liquid Fertilizer from Groundnut Husk and
 42

Onion Bulbs. From. https://lupinepublishers.com/biotechnology-

microbiology/fulltext/hydroponic-growing-of-lettuce-(lactuca-sativa-l)-
using-bioorganic-liquid-fertilizer.ID.000128.php

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A
(Letter to the Principal)
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION IX, ZAMBOANGA PENINSULA
DIVISION OF PAGADIAN CITY
ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL-Senior High School

May 30, 2023

JERYL M. CASILAO, EdD.

School Principal III
Zamboanga del Sur National High School - Senior High School
Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur

Dear Madam,

We are one of the Grade 12 STEM students of Zamboanga del Sur

National High School - Senior High School Stand Alone. We are working on
our research project entitled: ORGANOLEPTIC EVALUATION ON THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF LACTUCA SATIVA USING RICE BRAN AND
COMPLETE 14-14-14 FERTILIZER IN A HYDROPONICS SETUP.
In line with this, we would like to request permission from your good
office to please allow us to demonstrate and administer our product to the
Grade 12 Senior High School students of this institution.
Your approval of this matter will be highly appreciated. We are hoping
this request will merit your favorable action.

Respectfully Yours, Recommended Approval:

Agunot, Crizel Ann P.
Alviz, Kate Hyacint M. MR. WEIZMANN CHAIM L. RAMONES
Bugarin, Abdul Research Project Adviser
Carreon, Andrea Faye C.
 43

Dapogracion, Keah Jill M. Noted by:

Dasok, Edison S.
Gallemit, Chriz Alyssa Maria G. PENELOPE V. ROMANILLOS
Malang, Aleah Mier E. Assistant Principal for Academics
Nasol, Shaina Freya G.
Prumon, Angel Zoe G Approved by:
Tabudlong, Sandara M. JERYL M. CASILAO, EdD.
School Principal III

APPENDIX B

Methodology Flow Chart

Gather all the materials

Making hole on pipes Installing bamboo as support

frame

Planting the Lactuca sativa

ssembling the pipes on the support

frame
 44

Adding Complete 14-14-14 Adding Rice Bran Adding

Hydrobest Fertilizer Nutrient
Solution

APPENDIX C

Raw Data

Treatment Height Diameter Weight

1 1.00 200.00 471.43 82.30

2 1.00 133.00 250.00 .00

3 1.00 150.00 330.00 124.00

4 1.00 253.33 266.67 40.60

5 1.00 360.00 320.00 124.00

6 1.00 500.00 290.00 82.30

7 1.00 250.00 141.67 .00

8 1.00 906.00 233.33 156.60

9 2.00 114.29 123.08 82.30

10 2.00 256.76 230.77 165.60

11 2.00 145.61 6.00 40.60

12 2.00 .00 .00 82.30

13 2.00 125.37 125.00 40.60

14 2.00 68.25 26.32 .00

15 2.00 533.33 925.00 165.60

16 2.00 15.38 61.54 82.30

17 3.00 97.92 .00 374.00

18 3.00 247.50 .00 207.30

19 3.00 215.15 72.00 82.30

20 3.00 162.50 33.00 165.60

 45

21 3.00 34.15 22.00 82.30

22 3.00 156.10 6.00 124.00

23 3.00 52.05 8.00 124.00

24 3.00 220.45 45.42 165.60

APPENDIX D
Cost
1 pc 4inx10feet pvc pipe P 650.00

5m water hose P 95.00

4 ps 2inx4in wood P 400.00

1 pc water pump P 400.00

1 pc small water resorvoir P 135.00

1 pc T pipe P 24.00

1 pc solvent cement P 65.00

8 pcs s tyro cups P 20.00

1 pack seeds P 75.00

1 pack fertilizer P 50.00- P 350.00

TOTAL COST P 1,914.00- P 2,214.00

* cost per system depending on the fertilizer used*

 46

CURRICULUM VITAE

A. Personal Data
Name : Shaina Freya G. Nasol
Sex : Female
Nickname : Shai
Date of Birth : March 4, 2005
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Raquel G. Nasol
Father’s Name : Erdy T. Nasol
Residence : Lumbia, Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Iglesia Ni Cristo
Motto in Life : When life gets tough, remember to rest and
pray.
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Pagadian City Pilot School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior- High School
 47

A. Personal Data
Name : Crizel-Ann P. Agunot
Sex : Female
Nickname : Taltal
Date of Birth : March 20, 2005
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Mishel P. Agunot
Father’s Name : Antonio F. Agunot
Residence : Zone 1, Tiguma Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : You never fail until you stop trying.
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Buburay Elementary School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School-
Senior High School
 48

A. Personal Data
Name : Kate Hyacint M. Alviz
Sex : Female
Nickname : Kitkit
Date of Birth : March 03, 2005
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Mary Grace M. Alviz
Father’s Name : N/A
Residence : Block 6 Lot 2, Alta Tierra Napolan,
Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : Be strong, never give up, and pray always.
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Saint Columban College Grade School
Department
Junior High : Saint Columban College National High
School
Department
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School-
Senior High School
 49

A. Personal Data
Name : Abdul Bugarin
Sex : Male
Nickname : Dul
Date of Birth : September 1, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Rosita Bugarin
Father’s Name : Dominador Bugarin
Residence : Purok Basak, Brgy. New Labangan,
Labangan, Zamboanga del Sur
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : What past is past, well sometimes.
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Lantian Elementary School
Junior High : Tawagan Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School –
Senior High School
 50

A. Personal Data
Name : Andrea Faye C. Carreon
Sex : Female
Nickname : Aya
Date of Birth : September 1, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Riza C. Carreon
Father’s Name : Carmelo L. Carreon
Residence : San Francisco Street, San Jose District,
Pagadian
City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Born Again Christian
Motto in Life : Sometimes you win, but most of the
time
you
learn
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Pagadian City Pilot School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School –
Senior High School
 51

A. Personal Data
Name : Keah Jill M. Dapogracion
Sex : Female
Nickname : Keah Jill
Date of Birth : November 6, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Sheryl M. Dapogracion
Father’s Name : Tadios B. Dapogracion
Residence : Tigbao, Tigbao, Zamboanga del Sur
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : It is either be better or be bitter
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Maasin Christian Academy
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School -
Senior High School
 52

A. Personal Data
Name : Edison S. Dasok
Sex : Male
Nickname : Son
Date of Birth : June 28, 2005
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Elma S. Dasok
Father’s Name : Celestino E. Dasok
Residence : Santiago, Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : Learn Everyday
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Pagadian City Pilot School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School -
Senior High School
 53

A. Personal Data
Name : Chriz Alyssa Maria B. Gallemit
Sex : Female
Nickname : Camcam
Date of Birth : September 5, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Maria Alanny B. Gallemit
Father’s Name : Christopher M. Gallemit
Residence : Prk. Santan, Sta, Maria District, Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : Don’t Let Anyone Try and Stop You
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Saint Columban College Grade School
Department
Junior High : Saint Columban High School Junior High
School
Department
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School-
Senior High School
 54

A. Personal Data
Name : Aleah Mier E. Malang
Sex : Female
Nickname : Aleah
Date of Birth : August 2, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Alyn Estrera
Father’s Name : Mohammad Radi Malang
Residence : Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Muslim
Motto in Life : Live fast, die young, be wild, and have fun
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Sta. Lucia Central Elementary School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior-High School
 55

A. Personal Data
Name : Angel Zoe Shea G. Prumon
Sex : Female
Nickname : Julz
Date of Birth : July 1, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Cherry Joy L. Galvez
Father’s Name : Robert Lee L. Prumon
Residence : Purok 4, Sindaway Poblacion Lapuyan
Zamboanga del Sur
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : Your pain today will be your strength
tomorrow
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment
Elementary : Antonio Vera Apostol SR. Memorial Central
Elementary School
Junior High : Lapuyan National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School –
Senior High School
 56

A. Personal Data
Name : Sandara Dayvi M. Tabudlong
Sex : Female
Nickname : Dayvi
Date of Birth : July 31, 2004
Citizenship : Filipino
Mother’s Name : Alfonsa M. Tabudlong
Father’s Name : Ivan Roger R. Tabudlong
Residence : Golden Heights Subd. Zone 2, Tiguma,
Pagadian City
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Motto in Life : It is what it is.
Email Add : [email protected]

B. Educational Attainment:
Elementary : Pagadian City Pilot School
Junior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School
Senior High : Zamboanga del Sur National High School -
Senior High School
57