Table of Contents

CASE NAME
GUIDELINES
STANDARD RULES
&
ABBREVIATIONS

Desk Reference
Last Updated: March 16, 2022

Based in part on A Uniform System of Citation,

Eighteenth Edition
CASE NAMES MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................................ I
1. INTRODUCTION TO CASE NAME RULES..................................................................................... 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................................................ 2
1.2 TYPES OF CASE NAMES............................................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 COMPONENTS OF CASE NAMES.....................................................................................................................................................3

2 BASIC RULES....................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 MODIFYING CASE NAMES............................................................................................................................................................ 6
2.1.1 A Step-By-Step Approach.....................................................................................................6
2.1.2 A Note about CDBII and Auto-Cite......................................................................................9
2.2 CAPITALIZATION.........................................................................................................................................................................11
2.2.1 General Rule......................................................................................................................... 11
2.2.2 Exceptions............................................................................................................................. 11
2.3 “THE”...................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.1 Exceptions.............................................................................................................................13
2.4 PARTY NAMES.......................................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.4.1 Personal Names...................................................................................................................13
2.4.2 Business Names.................................................................................................................. 14
2.4.3 Property as a Party.............................................................................................................. 16
2.4.4 Foreign Names..................................................................................................................... 17
2.5 MULTIPLE PARTIES OR ACTIONS................................................................................................................................................. 19
2.6 DESCRIPTIVE TERMS/PHRASES.................................................................................................................................................... 20
2.6.1 General Principle..................................................................................................................20
2.6.2 Divisions................................................................................................................................ 21
3 “VERSUS,” “NON-VERSUS” & COMBINATION CASE NAME RULES..................................22
3.1 COMBINATION CASE NAMES.......................................................................................................................................................23
3.1.1 General Rule.........................................................................................................................23
3.1.2 Variations...............................................................................................................................24
3.1.3 “In re” Case Names............................................................................................................. 24
3.1.4 “In the Interest of” and Introductory Phrases................................................................... 26
3.2 PROCEDURAL PHRASES...............................................................................................................................................................26
3.2.1 “ex rel.”...................................................................................................................................26
3.2.2 “In re”......................................................................................................................................28
3.2.3 Keeping or Omitting Procedural Phrases.........................................................................29
3.3 INTRODUCTORY PHRASES............................................................................................................................................................29
3.3.1 “Versus” Case Names......................................................................................................... 29
3.3.2 “Non-Versus” Case Names................................................................................................ 30
3.3.3 Combination Case Names..................................................................................................31
4 RULES FOR GEOGRAPHICAL PHRASES................................................................................... 32
4.1 PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES OF LOCATION....................................................................................................................................... 33
4.1.1 Prepositional Phrases of Location with National or Larger Locations......................... 35
4.1.2 The “One Word Rule”.......................................................................................................... 35
4.1.3 “City of” and “Like” Expressions.........................................................................................36

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4.1.4 Geographic Terms That Do Not Function As Prepositional Phrases of Location...... 38

4.2 GEOGRAPHICAL PHRASES NOT FOLLOWING A PREPOSITION...........................................................................................................39
4.3 “STATE OF…”/”COMMONWEALTH OF…”/”PEOPLE OF…”............................................................................................................ 39
4.4 “UNITED STATES”......................................................................................................................................................................40
4.5 GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES AND DIVISIONS OF GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES.................................................................................... 41
4.5.1 Divisions of United States...................................................................................................41
4.5.2 Divisions of States............................................................................................................... 41
4.5.3 Divisions of Governmental Entities Smaller than States............................................... 42
5 MISCELLANEOUS CASE NAME RULES......................................................................................43
5.1 AIR DISASTERS......................................................................................................................................................................... 43
5.2 ARBITRATION CASES..................................................................................................................................................................43
5.2.1 “In the Matter of Arbitration”............................................................................................... 43
5.2.2 Exception: Creating a “Versus” Case Name....................................................................43
5.3 CALIFORNIA EXCEPTIONS........................................................................................................................................................... 44
5.3.1 General Rule.........................................................................................................................44
5.3.2 First Word.............................................................................................................................. 44
5.3.3 Business Names.................................................................................................................. 45
5.3.4 “The”.......................................................................................................................................45
5.3.5 “State of California ex rel.”..................................................................................................45
5.3.6 Superior Court...................................................................................................................... 45
5.3.7 California Department Names............................................................................................46
5.3.8 Juvenile Cases..................................................................................................................... 46
5.3.9 Divorce Cases...................................................................................................................... 46
5.3.10 Death Penalty Cases of Two Defendants........................................................................ 47
5.3.11 Habeas Corpus Cases........................................................................................................ 47
5.3.12 “City of”.................................................................................................................................. 47
5.4 CONDEMNATION PROCEEDINGS....................................................................................................................................................48
5.5 COURT RULE AMENDMENTS....................................................................................................................................................... 48
5.6 “EX PARTE STATE” IN ALABAMA................................................................................................................................................48
5.7 GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS........................................................................................................................................................49
5.7.1 “Versus” + “In re” Case Names.......................................................................................... 49
5.7.2 “In re Grand Jury” + Name..................................................................................................49
5.7.3 “In re Grand Jury” + Proceeding Number.........................................................................49
5.7.4 “Grand Jury Investigation No.”........................................................................................... 49
5.8 LABOR BOARD DECISIONS..........................................................................................................................................................49
5.9 MASSACHUSETTS NON-VERSUS CASE NAMES............................................................................................................................. 50
5.10 NEW JERSEY EXCEPTIONS.......................................................................................................................................................... 50
5.10.1 First Word.............................................................................................................................. 50
5.10.2 Division of Taxation..............................................................................................................50
5.10.3 Railroads............................................................................................................................... 50
5.11 NFN (NO FIRST NAME)............................................................................................................................................................51
5.12 OREGON MARRIAGE DISPUTES................................................................................................................................................... 51
5.13 PARENTHESES............................................................................................................................................................................52
5.14 REDACTED PARTY NAMES..........................................................................................................................................................53
5.15 STATE BAR ASSOCIATION CASE NAMES AND DISBARMENT PROCEEDINGS.......................................................................................53
5.16 UNION AND LOCAL UNION NAMES............................................................................................................................................. 54
5.17 UNNAMED PARTIES & PSEUDONYMS........................................................................................................................................... 55

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5.18 WASHINGTON “IN RE” CASE NAMES...........................................................................................................................................56

5.19 WORKER’S COMPENSATION........................................................................................................................................................ 56

6 ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................................... 57
6.1 GENERAL RULES....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
6.1.1 Acronyms...............................................................................................................................59
6.1.2 Hyphenated Words.............................................................................................................. 59
6.1.3 Plurals.................................................................................................................................... 60
6.1.4 Symbols................................................................................................................................. 60
6.2 GEOGRAPHICAL PHRASES AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................................................ 61
6.2.1 “United States”......................................................................................................................61
6.2.2 “North,” “South,” “East,” “West”..........................................................................................62
6.3 MISCELLANEOUS ABBREVIATION RULES...................................................................................................................................... 62
6.3.1 Railroads............................................................................................................................... 62
6.3.2 “Saint”.....................................................................................................................................63
6.3.3 Commissioner of Internal Revenue/C.I.R........................................................................ 63
6.3.4 Foreign Words...................................................................................................................... 64
6.3.5 Products Liability Litigation................................................................................................. 64
APPENDIX A—ABBREVIATIONS........................................................................................................... 65
APPENDIX B—ABBREVIATIONS OF STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES.............................. 76
APPENDIX C—RAILROAD ABBREVIATIONS.....................................................................................85
APPENDIX D—ACRONYMS.....................................................................................................................88
APPENDIX E—BUSINESS DESIGNATIONS & ABBREVIATIONS...................................................96
APPENDIX F—INSTITUTIONAL NAME ABBREVIATIONS............................................................... 98
DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY........................................................................................................ 100
INDEX.......................................................................................................................................................... 101

These guidelines only apply to documents processed after 1/01/2000. Contact the Colorado
Springs Training Team with questions pertaining to the Case Name Manual. (Outlook email
address - LNG-CSP EOS Training, Colorado)

Text highlighted in yellow indicates that it is new or updated information for the current release of
the Content Correction Guidelines.

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1. INTRODUCTION TO CASE NAME RULES

________________________________________________________________

This document outlines the Lexis editorial rules for formatting case names in all jurisdictions.

Exceptions

The Case Name Guidelines are not applicable to New York court-issued, full opinions for
Appellate Division, Court of Appeals or Miscellaneous citing documents. New York long
and short case names are converted to match the original source form the court and
should not be changed unless a discrepancy is discovered.

The short case names for the following Montana sources, Mont. Water LEXIS and Mont.
Dist. LEXIS, are keyed from the original source and should not be changed to conform to
rules in the Case Name Guidelines. A pound code (#SCNLCP#) is added to documents
for these sources that prevents the short case name generator from modifying their
Short-Name segments. If a pound code (#SCNLCP#) is not present follow the Case
Name Guidelines in formatting the Short Case Name.

Overview: This chapter introduces case names and the editorial rules applied to them with
an overview of where case names come from and an explanation of “Blue
Book” style. The three general types of case names are described, as are their
component parts.
________________________________________________________________
In this This chapter is divided into three sections:
Chapter:

Section Description Page

1.1 Introduction 6
1.2 Types of Case Names 6
● “Versus” 6
1.3 Components of Case Names 7
● Party Names 7
● Descriptive Terms/Phrases 7
● Introductory Phrases 8
● Procedural Phrases 8
● “In re” 8
● Geographical Phrases 8

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________________________________________________________________

1.1 Introduction
________________________________________________________________
Every citation has a case name that is drawn from the case being examined. A case’s
name is originally derived from the legal papers that attorneys submit to the court.
Because legal briefs are often limited to a specific number of pages, attorneys need to
truncate case names in order to maximize the space that can be allotted to their written
arguments.

To this end (and to insure that abbreviated case names will be recognizable across all
jurisdictions), a standard set of rules has been developed which governs how case
names should appear in a citation. These rules are published in A Uniform System of
Citation (commonly referred to among members of the legal community as “The Blue
Book”), a joint publication of the Columbia Law Review, the Harvard Law Review
Association, the University of Pennsylvania Law Review and the Yale Law Journal.
Because courts often require attorneys to cite cases in accordance with these Blue Book
rules, we too follow those rules as a convenience and benefit to our customers.

Because of the myriad ways in which case names tend to appear, it is impossible to
clearly document rules that will accurately account for every instance you will encounter.
When you are confronted by a questionable case name and none of the rules given here
seem applicable, ask an experienced staff member for assistance.
________________________________________________________________

1.2 Types of Case Names

________________________________________________________________
It is helpful to know the types of case names because some rules vary depending on the
case name type.

There are three types of case names:

1. “Versus” case names, which show one party “versus,” or “v,” or “against”
another:

“Smith v Jones”;

2. “Non-versus” case names, which do not have a “versus” in them:

“In the Matter of the Settlement of the Estate of Conroy”;

3. Combination case names, which include both “versus” and

“non-versus”-type case names:

“In re Melvin Leslie Waning. Wallingford’s, Inc. v. Melvin Leslie Waning”.

___________________________________________________________
“Versus” In Shepard’s, “versus” titles are represented with a “v.”. In contrast, the Auto-Cite
database sorts party names by using “_v_,” and therefore “versus” titles are

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represented with a “v” (note that the “v” is lower case and that no period follows
it).

For Shepard’s case names, use the standard “v.”. For Auto-Cite case names, it is
necessary to change “versus” to “v”. Use a “v” any time the given case name
shows either “v,” “v.,” “vs,” “vs.,” “versus,” or “against”.
In the event that a case name is encountered where one party is clearly identified
as “plaintiff(s)/appellee(s)” and the other is clearly identified as “defendant(s)/
respondent(s)/appellant(s),” but no “versus” is present, it is permissible to create
a “versus” case name:

Given: Chicago School Reform Board of Trustees, statutory successor

to the Board of Education of the City of Chicago, Plaintiffs,
Diversified Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and SmithKline
Beecham PLC, Defendants.
Type: Chi. Sch. Reform Bd. of Trs. v Diversified Pharm. Servs.

Consult the Conversion Instructions concerning necessary modifications to the

Full-Name segment.

This rule should only be used when it appears obvious that a clerical error
was made – do not attempt to arbitrarily create “versus” titles when different
rules take precedence or may otherwise be more appropriately applied:

Given: In re Claim of Barna, Appellant. John Hudacs, as Commissioner

of Labor, Respondent.
Type: In re Claim of Barna
NOT: Barna v Hudacs

Given: MATTER OF AERIOL H. ERIE COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF

SOCIAL SERVICES, PETITIONER-RESPONDENT; SHALEENA
H., RESPONDENT-APPELLANT, ET AL., RESPONDENT.
Type: In re Aeriol H.
NOT: Erie Cnty. Dep't of Soc. Servs. v. Shaleena H. (In re Aeriol H.)

Given: In the Matter of Shadre D. (Anonymous). Deborah H.

(Anonymous), appellant; Suffolk County Department of Social
Services, respondent. (Docket No. B-8-99)
Type: In re Shadre D. (Anonymous)

NOT:Deborah H. v. Suffolk Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs. (In re Shadre D.

(Anonymous))

Note: There is an exception to this rule when dealing with arbitration cases; see Rule
5.5.2. Sometimes a case has two or more “versus” case names. In that situation,
we only work with the first one given, using the two parties thus involved.
________________________________________________________________
1.3 Components of Case Names
________________________________________________________________

Party Names:
● the names of the persons or organizations that are involved in the dispute.
________________________________________________________________

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Descriptive Terms/Phrases:
● words that further describe a party:

Sue Smith, defendant

Bob Jones, appellant

Reverend Billy Graham

Joshua J., A Person Coming Under the Juvenile Court Law

Stephen Wright, Praying for a Writ of Mandamus

Robert Rosano, as Executor of the Estate of Mary R. Rosano

Things Remembered, as Successor-in-Interest by Merger to Cole Corp.

Introductory Phrases:
● words that characterize the proceeding, like “Marriage of,” “Estate of,”
“Succession of,” “Accounting of,” “Disbarment of,” or “Will of”.
________________________________________________________________

Procedural Phrases:
● words that connect two persons or entities and indicate that the two stand together in
the litigation as one party because one is the legal representative of the other, like
“on behalf of,” “for the benefit of,” “for the use of” or “ex rel.”.
________________________________________________________________

“In re”
● “In re” basically means “in the matter of,” or “regarding,” or “concerning”. Though
it is not a procedural phrase in the sense described above, it is treated as one for our
purposes.
________________________________________________________________

Geographical Phrases:
● Words that identify the geographical location of a business, governmental body, or
similar entity.
________________________________________________________________

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2 BASIC RULES
________________________________________________________________
Overview: This chapter introduces the basic rules applied to case names by describing a
step-by-step approach to case name modification and the rules applied to
individual party names.
________________________________________________________________
In this This chapter is divided into six sections:
Chapter:

Section Description Page

2.1 Modifying Case Names 10
● A Step-By-Step Approach 10
● A Note About CDBII And Auto-Cite 12
2.2 Capitalization 15
● General Rule 15
● Exceptions 15
2.3 “The” 16
● Exceptions 17
2.4 Party Names 17
● Personal Names 17
● Given Names or Initials 17
● Maiden Names and Married
18
Names
● Business Names 18
● Business Designations 18
● “Inc.” and “Ltd.” 18
● Prepositional Phrases of Location
18
in Business Names
● Given Names or Initials 19
● “Limited Partnership” 19
● Business Abbreviations 19
● Property as a Party 20
● Foreign Names 20
2.5 Multiple Parties or Actions 21
2.6 Descriptive Terms/Phrases 22
● General Principle 22
● Divisions 23

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2.1 Modifying Case Names

________________________________________________________________

2.1.1 A Step-By-Step Approach

________________________________________________________________
General There are three basic steps to creating a proper case name:
Rule:
1. omit certain words or phrases;
2. convert certain phrases to other expressions;
3. abbreviate certain words.

Keep a case name as it appears unless there is a rule which tells you to
omit, convert, or abbreviate.

Example: Given: Jones v. Sax 5th Avenue

In this example, one might ask how the term "5th" should be treated. Since there
is no specific rule that suggests this should be spelled out or otherwise altered,
the “5th” is kept as it is given:

Type: Jones v Sax 5th Ave.

___________________________________________________________
General Bear in mind that in many instances where a rule is stated there are exceptions
Rule: to the rule that are specific to certain types of case names. Certain situations will
require the application of multiple rules together. Whenever it becomes
necessary to alter a case name, make certain that you:

1. identify which type of case name you have (“versus,” “non-versus,” or

combination – these types are explained in detail in Section 3);
2. split the case name into its component parts and examine the rules
applicable to each part;
3. prioritize each rule in order to determine which should be applied first.

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Example: Given: SmithCo of Colorado, Inc., Plaintiff v. Colorado Department of

Commerce, Defendant.

Here, we are given a “versus” case name – we can easily split the case
name into two parts (“Plaintiff” and “Defendant”). In so doing, we can
immediately determine what rules are applicable to each side:

For the Plaintiff’s side, the rules may be prioritized (in order of how they
should be applied to the case name) as follows:

● Rule 4.1 (“Prepositional Phrases of Location”)

● Rule 4.1.2 (“The ‘One Word Rule’”)
● Rule 2.4.2.3 (“Prepositional Phrases of Location in
Business
Names”);
● Rule 2.4.2.2 (“Inc.” and “Ltd.”);
● Rule 2.4.2.1 (“Business Designations”);
● Rule 2.6.1 (“Descriptive Terms/Phrases – General
Principle”)

The step-by-step logic behind the application of these rules is explained

in detail below:

● Rule 4.1 (“Prepositional Phrases of Location”)

Since there is a prepositional phrase of location present, the

general rule applied to these terms must be considered first.

● Rule 4.1.2 (“The ‘One Word Rule’”)

Under most circumstances, omission of a prepositional

phrase of location attached to a single word would violate
the “One Word Rule.” While this is a business name (and the
“One Word Rule” generally applies to “City of” or “like”

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expressions), we should not omit the phrase until we have

explored the other applicable rules.

Per this rule, the term "Colorado" may be truncated

according to its standard abbreviation given in Appendix B
("Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries"). This
leaves us with "Colo.".

● Rule 2.4.2.3 (“Prepositional Phrases of Location in

Business Names”);

The exception for prepositional phrases of location in

business names makes for further modification to this case
name – as an incorporated business with a prepositional
phrase of location included as an integral part of its legal
name, the prepositional phrase must be kept.

● Rule 2.4.2.2 (“Inc.” and “Ltd.”);

As stated above, “Inc.” must be kept as a part of the

business name.

● Rule 2.4.2.1 (“Business Designations”);

Because the case name involves a business, we may need

to modify
the case name in order to account for the appearance of a
business designation. Here “SmithCo” is treated as one
entity, and as such this rule does not need to be applied.

● Rule 2.6.1 (“Descriptive Terms/Phrases – General

Principle”)

Finally, the descriptive term “Plaintiff” can be removed from

the case name.

This leaves SmithCo of Colo., Inc. (for the Plaintiff’s side).

___________________________________________________________
For the Defendant’s side, the rules may be prioritized as follows:

● Rule 4.5.2 (“Divisions of States”);

● Rule 6.1.1 (“Acronyms”)

This is explained in the following manner:

● Rule 4.5.2 (“Divisions of States”);

Since the “Department of Commerce” is a division of the

Colorado state government, it must be kept. It may be
abbreviated as "Colo." (see Appendix B).

● Rule 6.1.1 (“Acronyms”)

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“Department of Commerce” can be shortened to the

acronym “DOC” according to Appendix D ("Acronyms").

This leaves Colo. DOC (for the Defendant’s side).

___________________________________________________________
So, according to the procedure outlined above:

Given: SmithCo of Colorado, Inc., Plaintiff v. Colorado Department of

Commerce, Defendant.
Type: SmithCo of Colo., Inc. v Colo. DOC

Use this approach on every case name you encounter – break the case name
down into its individual parts, identify which rules apply to each part and prioritize
them according to how they should be applied.
________________________________________________________________

2.1.2 A Note about CDBII and Auto-Cite

________________________________________________________________
Both the CDBII and Auto-Cite databases format case name data upon its receipt from
LEXIS in accordance with the basic rules we follow. While many times this information is
correct and will not require additional manipulation, there are occasions when these
systems will encounter an ambiguous case name and fail to convert it properly.

Editorial staff members should be aware that a case name truncated by either CDBII or
Auto-Cite may contain errors. Some of the most notable of these potential errors include
(this list is indicative of only a few problem situations and is not meant to be all-inclusive):
___________________________________________________________
● Inappropriate abbreviation of the first word in a party name:

Generally, the first word of a party name may be abbreviated per Appendix A;
however, case names that contain governmental entities as parties will
sometimes experience problems. The system will conform the proper name of a
federal agency to its standard abbreviation, even it appears as the first word in a
party name:

Long Case Name: United States v. Jones

System Case Name: U.S. v Jones

Per Rule 4.4, "United States" should be spelled out when “United States” refers
to the United States Government. The corrected case name should be:

Type: United States v Jones

___________________________________________________________
● Conversion of proper names of states or territories:

This also occurs with case names where governmental entities are included as
parties – the system will automatically change the proper name of a state to
“State” or “Commonwealth”:

Long Case Name: Colorado Department of Revenue v. Jones

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System Case Name: State Dep’t of Revenue v Jones

Per Section 4.3, the proper name of a state or territory should be kept if it does
not appear as a part of “State of,” “Commonwealth of,” or “People of.” The
corrected case name should be:

Type: Colo. Dep’t of Revenue v Jones

___________________________________________________________
● Failure to capitalize acronyms:

In situations where standard acronyms appear in a case name, the system will
sometimes fail to recognize the acronym and capitalize it accordingly:

Long Case Name: DOT, BUREAU OF DRIVER LICENSING v.

JONES

System Case Name: Dot, Bureau of Driver Licensing v Jones

Per Rule 6.1.1, acronyms should be capitalized in accordance with Appendix D

whenever and wherever they appear in a case name. The corrected case name
should be:

Type: DOT, Bureau of Driver Licensing v Jones

___________________________________________________________
● Misinterpretation of “v”:

This is a rare occurrence, and generally happens only in case names where
party names are given in all capital letters. If the middle initial of one of the
parties listed is “V.”, the system will sometimes misinterpret that “V.” as “versus”
and truncate the case name accordingly. This usually results in the omission of
an entire side of the action:
Long Case Name: MICHAEL V. BARBER v. JAMES T. KIRK
System Case Name: Michael v Barber

There is no specific rule that indicates how a case name like this should be
corrected – since it is the result of a formatting error, correction depends on the
ability of the editorial staff member examining the case name to recognize the
difference between the long case name and the shortened version and realize it
is incorrect. If you are in doubt, check the text of the opinion for verification of
how the party name should appear.

The corrected case name should be:

Type: Barber v Kirk

___________________________________________________________
● Omission of the adversarial portion of combination case names:

This is a problem specific to Auto-Cite, and it occurs most often with adversarial
bankruptcy proceedings. These case names are always a combination of
“versus” and “non-versus” case names, and generally appear formatted in this
fashion:

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Long Case Name: In re John Smith, Debtor. John Smith v. Union

Trust Company

Auto-Cite will treat the “In re” portion of the case name as the entire case name
and truncate the remainder, leaving:

System Case Name: In re Smith

Per Rule 3.1.1, these case names should include both the “versus” and
“non-versus” portions (with the “In re” statement placed in parentheses at the end
of the “versus” statement). The corrected case name should be:

Type: Smith v Union Trust Co. (In re Smith)

___________________________________________________________
● Omission of “Inc.” and “Ltd.”:

This occurs on Auto-Cite, due to the change to Rule 2.4.2.2 stating that “Inc.” and
“Ltd.” should be kept when they appear in a business name (that does not
include a business designation stated in Appendix E). Previous to this edition of
the Case Name Rules, these terms were omitted from business names – in
accordance with this older rule, the system automatically deletes them from case
names:

Long Case Name: Barbour Construction, Inc. v. Jones

System Case Name: Barbour Constr. v Jones

Since “Construction” does not fall within the scope of Appendix E, “Inc.” should
be kept. The corrected case name would be:

Type: Barbour Constr., Inc. v Jones

________________________________________________________________

2.2 Capitalization
________________________________________________________________

2.2.1 General Rule

________________________________________________________________
Defined: The first letter of each word is capitalized, including words following a hyphen or
a slash.

The first word in every case name is capitalized regardless of any exceptions to
the general principle.

Example: Given: NATIONAL MANAGEMENT v. UNITED STATES

Type: Nat'l Mgmt. v United States
________________________________________________________________

2.2.2 Exceptions
________________________________________________________________
There are eight exceptions to the general principle:

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Exception Long Case Name Given Type:

*Prepositions with four or Citizens For Responsible Citizens for Responsible Mgmt. v
fewer letters Management v. Reagan Reagan
Citizens For A Safer Place v.
Articles Citizens for a Safer Place v Babbitt
Babbitt
“In re” or “ex rel.” New York Ex Rel. Flack v. Doe N.Y. ex rel. Flack v Doe

Numerical suffixes 19th Ward v. Dawn Botting 19th Ward v Botting

Graham & Buffet, Ltd., v.
Graham & Buffet, Ltd., v.
Domain names WWW.VILCABAMBA.COM
www.vilcabamba.com

**Acronyms In re Nepa Regulation In re NEPA Regulation

Last names w/ “D’,” “De,”

Mcbride v. Lampshade Mcbride v Lampshade
“Del,” “Di,” “Du,” “Le,”
“La,” “O’,” “Mc” or “Mac”
(Conform to source unless in all MCBRIDE V. LAMPSHADE McBride v Lampshade
caps.)

Tejidos de Coamo v. Jones Tejidos de Coamo v Jones

***Foreign names Tejidos De Coamo v. Jones Tejidos De Coamo v Jones

(Conform to source unless in all TEJIDOS DE COAMO V.
caps.) Tejidos de Coamo v Jones
JONES
De Coamo De Coamo

Other Be aware of case names that contain business names with more than
Exceptions: one capital letter in their names (“BellSouth,” CarpetMaster,”
“OfficeMax,” “PGMedia,” “AlliedSignal,” NationsBank,”
“MortgageAmerica,” etc.).

If you encounter questionable case names such as those listed here,

check elsewhere in the document for verification of how the party name
should appear (the first paragraph of the case should contain an
appropriate spelling).
________________________________________________________________
* Examples: Examples of Uncapitalized Prepositions:

At from near on to
By in of out upon
For into off over with

Examples of Capitalized Prepositions:

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About Against Below Between Through

Above Among Beneath During Under
After Before Beside Except Until
________________________________________________________________
** Acronyms: Always check the database when processing cases with Acronyms to be
sure that the system has not converted them to lowercase. Recognized
acronyms given in lower case should be capitalized. See Rule 6.1.1 for
more information and Appendix D for a listing of Acronyms.
________________________________________________________________
*** Foreign Names: For rules on foreign and irregular names, see Rule 2.4.4.
________________________________________________________________

2.3 “The”
________________________________________________________________
General Omit “The” as the first word of a party name.
Rule:
Conversely, retain “The” when it is not the first word of a party name.

Given: The Network Project v. The Corporation for Public Broadcasting

Type: Network Project v Corp. for Pub. Broad.

Given: Church of the Creator v. Smith

Type: Church of the Creator v Smith

Note: Keep “the” if it appears as part of a party name, but do not arbitrarily add it if it is
not expressly included.

Given: Jones v. United States, Department of the Treasury

Type: Jones v United States, Dep’t of the Treasury

Given: Smith v. United States, Department of Treasury

Type: Smith v United States, Dep’t of Treasury
NOT: Smith v United States, Dep’t of the Treasury

2.3.1 Exceptions

Exception Long Case Name Given Type:

Los Angeles Lakers v. The L.A. Lakers v The Schooner Charming
Action against property
Schooner Charming Betsy Betsy

The Clarion v. City of Hoften The Clarion v City of Hoften

(where “The Clarion” is the name of a newspaper)
Party might be mistaken
for a person or business
Mourning v The Evergreens
Mourning v. The Evergreens (where “The Evergreens” is the name of a
cemetery)
“The King” or “The
The King v. United States The King v United States
Queen”

13
CASE NAMES MANUAL

“The” used to connect In re the Mental Health of Pierce In re Mental Health of Pierce
introductory and Freligh for the Estate of Domm
procedural phrases Freligh ex rel. Est. of Domm v Flower
v. Flower

________________________________________________________________

2.4 Party Names

________________________________________________________________

2.4.1 Personal Names

________________________________________________________________
2.4.1.1 Given Names or Initials

General Omit first names and initials of individuals.

Rule:
Given: Trenton H. Jones v. Stephen Fattman
Type: Jones v Fattman

Exception: Do not omit first names or initials when a party’s surname is abbreviated.

Given: Linda R.S. v. Richard D.

Type: Linda R.S. v Richard D.

Note: Close up Initials in personal names.

Given: Linda R. S. v. Richard D. S.

Type: Linda R.S. v Richard D.S.

Note: See the section on foreign names, if applicable (Rule 2.4.4).

________________________________________________________________
2.4.1.2 Maiden Names and Married Names

General Pick up both the maiden name and the married name if the names are
Rule: hyphenated.

Given: Linda Applegate v. Joanna Smith-Jones

Type: Applegate v Smith-Jones

Given: Linda Applegate v. Michele Dudgeon Ferrara

Type: Applegate v Ferrara
________________________________________________________________

2.4.2 Business Names

________________________________________________________________
2.4.2.1 Business Designations

General Retain the terms “Ass’n,” “Bros.,” “Co.,” “Corp.”, and “R.R.” (see Appendix E for
Rule: other applicable business designations) when they appear as part of a party
name (these words have been abbreviated according to Appendices A and E).

14
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Exception: Omit “Company” (or “Co.”) in railroad case names unless the full party name give
is simply “Railroad Co.”
________________________________________________________________
2.4.2.2 “Inc.” and “Ltd.”

General Omit “Inc.” and “Ltd.” from a business name if that name also contains words
Rule: such as “Ass’n,” “Bros.,” “Co.,” “Corp.,” and “R.R.,” (see Appendix E for other
applicable business designations) clearly indicating that the party is a business
firm:

Given: Wisconsin Packing Co., Inc. v. Indiana Refrigerator Lines, Inc.

Type: Wis. Packing Co. v Ind. Refrigerator Lines, Inc.

Given: Vision Service Plan, Inc v. United States

Type: Vision Serv. Plan v. United States

But: Given: Lydia Doss, Ltd. v. Shakey’s Pizza, Inc.

Type: Lydia Doss, Ltd. v Shakey’s Pizza, Inc.

Exception: Keep these terms if a prepositional phrase of location is also present:

Given: Jones Heating and Cooling Company of Milwaukee, Inc.

Type: Jones Heating & Cooling Co. of Milwaukee, Inc.
________________________________________________________________

2.4.2.3 Prepositional Phrases of Location in Business Names and Educational

Institutions

General Keep prepositional phrases of location when they appear as an integral part of an
Rule: incorporated business name (or a name that otherwise includes a business
abbreviation from Appendix E) or an educational institution (e.g., University,
College, Technical College, etc.):

Given: GTE of Florida, Inc.

Type: GTE of Fla., Inc.

Given: Blue Cross and Blue Shield of New York, Inc.

Type: Blue Cross & Blue Shield of N.Y., Inc.

Given: Vandelay Industries of Queens, Ltd.

Type: Vandelay Indus. of Queens

Given: Community College of Rochester v. Lewis

Type: Cmty. Coll. of Rochester v Lewis

Given: Garry Moore v. Adventist Health System/Georgia Inc.

Type: Moore v. Adventist Health System/Georgia Inc.

But: Given: Title Insurance Company of San Francisco

Type: Title Ins. Co.
________________________________________________________________

15
CASE NAMES MANUAL

2.4.2.4 Given Names or Initials

General Do not omit first names or initials when they are part of a business name.
Rule:
Given: Jim Kinports, Inc. v. Neil P. Forrest & Co.
Type: Jim Kinports, Inc v Neil P. Forrest & Co.

Note: Do not close up single adjacent initials in business names.

Given: Rondeno v The Law Office of William S. Vincent, Jr., et al.

Type: Rondeno v Law Off. of William S. Vincent, Jr.

________________________________________________________________
2.4.2.5 “Limited Partnership”

General Retain “Limited Partnership” as part of the party name unless it is presented as a
Rule: descriptive phrase. When it is given as “Ltd Partnership” (and it is not
descriptive), abbreviate it to “Ltd. P’ship”. However, if it is given as “L.P.”, keep it
as “L.P.”.

Given: 7th Ave. Assocs. Ltd. Partnership v. AER Sprayed Insulations, a

Limited Partnership
Type: 7th Ave. Assocs. Ltd. P’ship v AER Sprayed Insulations
________________________________________________________________
2.4.2.6 Business Abbreviations

Examples: L.P., N.A., P.A., P.C., S.A., GmbH, P.L.C., A JV

(Limited Partnership, National Association, Professional Association,

Professional Corporation, etc.)

(This list is not all inclusive; see Appendix E for more business designations.)

General Retain these abbreviated business designations and those listed in Appendix E
Rule: when they follow a party name.

Given: Stephen Webber, P.A. v. De Fablo Fenn, L.P.

Type: Stephen Webber, P.A. v De Fablo Fenn, L.P.

General Pick up business abbreviations as they appear on LEXIS – do not add

Rule: punctuation if it is not already included.

Given: Stanley Spitzer v. Trans Union, LLC

Type: Spitzer v Trans Union, LLC
NOT: Spitzer v Trans Union, L.L.C.

But: Given: Hans Zimmer v. DreamWorks L.L.C.

Type: Zimmer v DreamWorks L.L.C.
________________________________________________________________

2.4.3 Property as a Party

________________________________________________________________

16
CASE NAMES MANUAL

General For actions instituted against property, omit all but the first listed item or group of
Rule: items.

Given: In re Forty-Two Pink Cadillacs, Two Turtle Doves, and a

Partridge In a Pear Tree
Type: In re Forty-Two Pink Cadillacs

Given: Harold Sampson Children's Trust, a trust maintained for the

benefit of Beth Bauer, Jamie L. Sherman, and Kay Yuspeh, and
each of them individually as Plaintiffs, and The Beth Bauer Trust,
The Jamie L. Sherman Trust and The Kay Yuspeh Trust,
Plaintiffs-Respondents, v. The Linda Gale Sampson 1979 Trust,
The Steven J. Sampson 1979 Trust and The Scott A. Sampson
1979 Trust, which are the successors to the B.J. Sampson
Children's Trust, a trust maintained for the benefit of Linda Gale
Sampson, Scott Sampson, and Steve Sampson, and Sampson
Investments, Ann Mandelman, and Nancy Simos,
Defendants-Third- Party Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. Beth Bauer,
Third-Party Defendant
Type: Harold Sampson Children's Trust v. Linda Gale Sampson
1979 Trust

Note: We also drop information that is descriptive of the property itself.

Example: Given: 1989 Jeep Cherokee Vin No. 12364592 v. State

Type: 1989 Jeep Cherokee v State
___________________________________________________________
Real Where real property is a party, use its common street address or exact location, if
Property available.

Given: United States v. Real Property Known As 6109 Grubb Road,

Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania
Type: United States v 6109 Grubb Rd.

Given: In Re: Condemnation of certain property in fee simple or

absolute title, designated as Block 4-C, Lot 125-TB01,
condemnation for purposes of acquiring all air rights, over
portions of property designated as Block 4-C, et al.; Property of
the Buncher Company (Owner) et al.; Appeal of: The Buncher
Company
Type: In re Condemnation of Block 4-C, Lot 125-TB01

Given: CITY OF EAST ORANGE, Plaintiff-Respondent, v. BLOCK 52,

LOT 31, ETC., SCHEDULE NO. 7, BLOCK 62-14, 111 NORTH
17TH STREET ASSESSED TO SUSAN KYNOR,
Defendant-Petitioner.
Type: City of E. Orange v 111 N. 17th St.

Note: When a common street address is not available, conform to the following
example:

17
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: U.S. v. Certain Real Property located at River Road, Eliot, York
County, Me.
Type: United States v Certain Real Prop. Located at River Rd.

But: When real property is named as well an individual who is the party(s) of interest,
format the name as follows.

Given: Re: Public Tax Sale of September 17, 1999 Parcel #

07-033.0-01-00-00 Falls Twp., Wyoming County Owners: Kevin
and Lynn Ross; Appeal of: Lynn Ross
Type: Appeal of Ross

________________________________________________________________

2.4.4 Foreign Names

________________________________________________________________

2.4.4.1 Asian Names

General Always retain the entire name when the entire party's name appears to be Asian
Rule: in origin.

Given: CHANG MENG TE v. NG FUNG HO

Type: Chang Meng Te v Ng Fung Ho

Given: United States v. Dae Joyeong

Type: United States v Dae Joyeong

But: When only a portion of the name party's name appears to be Asian in origin, omit
the first name and retain the entire last name.

Given: United States v. Rebecca Cho

Type: United States v Cho

Given: United States v. Aiko Green

Type: United States v Green

2.4.4.2 Foreign Names-Non Asian

General Adhere to the following guidelines when processing non Asian foreign names:
Rules:
1. If the first and last names are identifiable, then omit the first name and retain
the entire last name, even if it consists of more than one word:

Given: Ron Standing Horse v. Peter Van der Velt

Type: Standing Horse v Van der Velt

Given: Joseph Muhammed Salameh Gandi v. Mel Gibson

Type: Muhammed Salameh Gandi v Gibson

Given: United States v. Juan Manual Garcia-Hernandez

18
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: United States v. Garcia-Hernandez

Given: United States v. Miguel Garcia Rosa

Type: United States v. Garcia Rosa

Given: Rebecca Jones v. Jose Chair Zermeno Garcia

Type: Jones v. Chair Zermeno Garcia

2. If part but not all of a foreign name is in all capitals, then treat the capitalized
portion as the last name:

Given: Muhammed Yaqin MADYUN v. Joseph Muhammed Salameh

GANDI
Type: Madyun v Gandi

Given: Saddam HUSSEIN v. George Bush

Type: Hussein v Bush

3. If you cannot identify the first, middle, and last name, then use the name
listed in the index of the reporter cited, or if that source is unavailable, then
retain the entire name:

Given: Tayr Kilaab Al Ghashiyah v. Gary R. McCaughtry

Type: Tayr Kilaab Al Ghashiyah v McCaughtry

Given: United States v. Reynaldo Evelio Guillen Lobo

Type: United States v. Reynaldo Evelio Guillen Lobo

Note: If you are in doubt about which name to choose, err on the side of inclusion. You
may also check the text of the opinion for verification of how the party name
should appear.
___________________________________________________________
Capitalization Conform capitalization of “de” in foreign case names to the primary source if the
of Foreign party name is not in all caps.
Names:
Given: Tejidos de Coamo v. Jones
Type: Tejidos de Coamo v Jones

Given: Tejidos De Coamo v. Jones

Type: Tejidos De Coamo v Jones

Note: If given in all caps, do NOT capitalize the “d” in “de.”

Given: TEJIDOS DE COAMO V. JONES

Type: Tejidos de Coamo v Jones

Note: Always capitalize “de” when it is the first word of the party name.

Given: de Coamo v. Jones

Type: De Coamo v Jones

Note: These same rules would apply to “Von.”

Given: Morton v Richard P. von Buedingen

19
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: Morton v Von Buedingen

________________________________________________________________

2.5 Multiple Parties or Actions

________________________________________________________________
General Pick up only the first “versus” case name if two are given in the publication.
Rule:
Given: Dwight Fry v. Perry Rosenthal; Dwight Fry v. Dorothy Yopp
Type: Fry v Rosenthal

Note: This rule only applies to cases with two “versus” case names. See also Section
3.1 for information about combination case names with “versus” + “non-versus”
case names.
___________________________________________________________
General Omit all parties except the first party listed on each side in both versus and non-
Rule: versus actions.

Given: Dwight Fry v. Perry Rosenthal and Dorothy Yopp

Type: Fry v Rosenthal

Given: Matter of CB & HB & SB

Type: In re CB

Given: Francesca Mercado v. Arkansas Department of Human Services

and Minor Child
Type: Mercado v. Ark. Dep’t of Hum. Servs.

Given: James Pieniazek (Jupiter Technical Services, Inc., petitioner, v.

Shorebank Development Corporation, etc., et al.) RLI Insurance
Company, respondent.
Type: Pieniazek v. RLI Ins. Co.

Even when the second party is separated by a slash (/).

Given: Scherback v. Kissler/Bob Kissler Cash Register Co.

Type: Scherback v Kissler

Note: Do not omit information following the slash (/) if that information is only a
continuation of the first party name.

Given: Smith v. Rochester Singer/Songwriter Ass’n

Type: Smith v Rochester Singer/Songwriter Ass’n

Note: Omit directional terms following a slash.

Given: Adventist Health Systems/West v. Manson

Type: Adventist Health Sys. v Manson

Exception: Do not omit the first party listed after “ex rel.” in a “versus” case name.

Given: NAACP v. Alabama ex rel. Patterson

20
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: NAACP v Ala. ex rel. Patterson

Exception: Do not omit any portion of a partnership name.

Given: Gregory Eisen v. Carlisle & Jacquelin

Type: Eisen v Carlisle & Jacquelin
___________________________________________________________
General Omit words such as “et al,” indicating multiple parties. Omit alternative names
Rules: given for the first-listed part on either side.

Given: Al Franklin et al. v. Jon Amanat a/k/a Anamat d/b/a The Man,
Inc.
Type: Franklin v Amanat

Given: In the Matter of Michael M. Katz, Appellant, v. Antonia C.

Novello, &c., et al, Respondents
Type: Katz v Novello

Note: “&c.” indicates that there are additional parties.

________________________________________________________________

2.6 Descriptive Terms/Phrases

________________________________________________________________

2.6.1 General Principle

________________________________________________________________
Defined: Any term or phrase that merely identifies the party or explains the party’s position
or action.

General Omit descriptive or explanatory terms or phrases when they are merely used to
Rule: identify a party otherwise named.

Examples: Plaintiff, Defendant, Appellant Appellee, Respondent

Administrator/trix, Executor/trix, Trustee, Grievance Administrator/trix
On habeas corpus, Praying for a writ of mandamus, Successor in Interest

Given: Harold Langdon, Plaintiff v. Stephen Leacock, Defendant

Type: Langdon v Leacock

Given: Arnold Leffell, Administrator v. William Stein, President and CEO

of Datatec
Type: Leffell v Stein

Given: United States of America v. Nancy Arlene Freeman (12)

Type: United States v. Freeman

Given: Reverend Billy Graham v. Police Officer Jack Scagnetti

Type: Graham v Scagnetti

Given: IN RE: DONALD ERWIN ARMSTRONG SSN 123-45-6789,

Debtor
Type: In re Armstrong

21
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Note: Ensure the Social Security Number in the full name is within redaction context tags.

When it is discovered that the court has provided a Social Security Number or personally
identifiable number in a document, truncate the characters in the number according to the
conversion instructions.

Given: United States v. $9,980 Seized from Community Bank and Trust
Account No. 067-0022713
Type: United States v. $9,980 Seized from Community Bank and Trust
Account No. XXX-XXX2713

Note: Ensure the Account Number in the full name is within redaction context tags.
________________________________________________________________

2.6.2 Divisions1
________________________________________________________________
The trick with divisions is to identify whether the division is a descriptive or
explanatory phrase (which would be deleted), or if the division is part of the party
name (and retained). Also, if the division comes first, drop everything else.

General Delete the division information if it is merely a descriptive or explanatory phrase

Rule: following a party already named.

Given: Vernon Pharmaceuticals, a division of Global Chemical Ltd., v.

Jonathan Rosen
Type: Vernon Pharms. v Rosen

Given: Nucor Steel, a division of Nucor Corporation, a Delaware

corporation, Appellant, v. M. Derri Balka, Tax Commissioner of
the Nebraska Department of Revenue, and State of Nebraska,
Appellees.
Type: Nucor Steel v Balka
___________________________________________________________
General Pick up division information if it is part of the party name.
Rule:
Given: Wilson v. General Motors Corp., Chevrolet Division
Type: Wilson v GMC, Chevrolet Div.

Given: General Motors Corp-Delco Products v. Schleppy

Type: General Motors Corporation-Delco Prods. v Schleppy

Given: Christine Blotzer v. Director, Division of Taxation

Type: Blotzer v Dir., Div. of Tax’n

Given: Hasley v. Director, TDCJ-CID

Type: Hasley v. Dir., Tex. Dep’t of Crim. Just.-Corr. Insts. Div.
___________________________________________________________

1
The Case Name Rules for Divisions of Governmental Agencies are different, and can be found in Section 4.5.

22
CASE NAMES MANUAL

General When the division comes first, pick up only the division.
Rule:
Given: Freeman v. Faultless Caster Div., Babcock Indus.
Type: Freeman v Faultless Caster Div.
________________________________________________________________

3 “VERSUS,” “NON-VERSUS” & COMBINATION CASE NAME

RULES
________________________________________________________________
Overview: This chapter contains the rules to apply for case names that involve a
combination of “versus” and “non-versus” parts. It also addresses how to treat
introductory phrases and procedural phrases.
________________________________________________________________
In this This chapter is divided into three sections.
Chapter:

Section Description Page

3.1 Combination Case Names 25
● General Rule 25
● Variations 25
● “In re” Case names 26
● Introductory Phrases 26
● Multiple Parties, Claims, etc. 26
● “In the Interest of” and Introductory
27
Phrases
3.2 Procedural Phrases 27
● “ex rel.” 27
● “In re” 29
● Keeping or Omitting Procedural
30
Phrases
3.3 Introductory Phrases 30
● “Versus” Case Names 30
● “Non-Versus” Case Names 30
● Combination Case Names 31

3.1 Combination Case Names

________________________________________________________________

3.1.1 General Rule

________________________________________________________________
When you are given two case names where one is a “versus” case name and the other a
“non-versus” case name (frequently seen with bankruptcy cases), you set forth the
“versus” case name first and then include the “non-versus” case name in parentheses.

Given: In re Melvin Leslie Waning, Debtor. Wallingford’s, Inc., plaintiff v. Melvin

Leslie Waning, debtor/defendant

23
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: Wallingford’s, Inc. v Waning (In re Waning)

Given: In re: Liberty Realty. Concrete Tie Co. v. Liberty Realty

Type: Concrete Tie Co. v Liberty Realty (In re Liberty Realty)

Given: In the Interest of Russell, a minor: Zimmer v. Brown

Type: Zimmer v Brown (In the Int. of Russell)

Given: In the Matter of Ralph Randy Stanley, Alleged to be a Mentally Ill Person.
STATE OF OREGON, Respondent, v. RALPH RANDY STANLEY,
Appellant.
Type: State v Stanley (In re Stanley)

Given: In the Matter of the Compensation of John W. Walters, Claimant. ORKIN

LAWN CARE, Petitioner, v. JOHN W. WALTERS, Respondent.
Type: Orkin Lawn Care v Walters (In re Walters)

Given: UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. (UNDER SEAL), Appellant.

In re GRAND JURY 83-2 JOHN DOE NO. 462
Type: United States v Under Seal (In re Grand Jury 83-2 Doe No. 462)

Given: IN RE MACGREGOR (FIN) OY, Relator; MACGREGOR (FIN) OY,

Appellant v. KELLOGG, BROWN & ROOT, INC. AND GULF COAST
HOLDINGS, INC. D/B/A UNIDYNAMICS, Appellees
Type: MacGregor (FIN) Oy v. Kellogg, Brown & Root, Inc. (In re MacGregor
(FIN) Oy)

Given: In re Julio C. (People State of Illinois, respondent, v. Julio C., petitioner)

Type: People v. Julio C. (In re Julio C.)

Special Note on Bankruptcy Cases:

A versus and a non-versus bankruptcy case name generally includes the following party
designations, Debtor, Plaintiff, and Defendant. When the court provides both versus and a
non-versus parties include “In re” within the parentheses even when the court has failed to
provide the procedural phrase.

Given: Denise Auffant, Debtor. USAA Casualty Insurance Company, Plaintiff,

Vs. Denise Auffant, Defendant.
Type: USAA Cas. Ins. Co. v. Auffant (In re Auffant)

________________________________________________________________

3.1.2 Variations
________________________________________________________________
General The general rule applies even if the “versus” case name is in parentheses:
Rule:
Given: In re McDonald (McDonald v. Lawyers Coop.)
Type: McDonald v Laws. Coop. (In re McDonald)

Given: In the Matter of T. Jones (Scalzo v. Freligh)

Type: Scalzo v Freligh (In re Jones)

It also applies when the “versus” case name comes first:

24
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: Hall v. Amica Mut. Ins. Co., Hall, Petition of

Type: Hall v Amica Mut. Ins. Co. (In re Hall)

Exception: Do not pick up the versus case name with “Ex parte”.

Given: Ex parte Gary Walters (Re Gary Walters v. Judy Walters)

Type: Ex parte Walters

But, If the case is in Alabama state court and first case name given is “Ex parte
State,” only pick up the “versus” case name:

Given: Ex parte State (State of Alabama v. Randall Cunningham)

Type: State v Cunningham

Given: Ex Parte: State (Re: Cheriogotis v. State)

Type: Cheriogotis v State

And, For cases beginning with “In the Matter of Arbitration Between...,” pick up the
“versus” case name only.

Given: In the Matter of Arbitration Between: Judy Lee, Appellant v.

James John Chica, Appellee
Type: Lee v Chica
________________________________________________________________

3.1.3 “In re” Case Names

________________________________________________________________
3.1.3.1 Introductory Phrases

General Follow the rules applicable to procedural phrases (Section 3.2) and introductory
Rule: phrases (Section 3.3) with regard to each portion of the combination case name.
Note that with the “non-versus” part of a combination case name, most
introductory phrases are dropped:

If you have an “In re” case name, only keep death related phrases such as
“Estate of,” “Will of,” and “Succession of,”

Given: A v. B (In re Estate of D)

Type: A v B (In re Est. of D)

Given: A v. B (In re Will of E)

Type: A v B (In re Will of E)

Given: M v. N (In re Marriage of Q)

Type: M v N (In re Q)

Given: Z v. X (In re Compensation of R)

Type: Z v X (In re R)

Given: In re Interest of Jones. Smith v. Jones

Type: Smith v Jones (In re Jones)

3.1.3.2 Missing Procedural Phrase

25
CASE NAMES MANUAL

If a single party-name is given, without a procedural phrase, add the appropriate procedural
phrase.

Given: Edward H. Briddelle

Type: In re Briddelle

Given: Stanley E. Walker's Case

Type: In re Walker’s Case

Given: County of Kankakee, Illinois, et al., etc. (Byron Sandberg,

petitioner, v. Illinois Pollution Control Board et al., resondents).
Type: Sandberg v. Ill. Pollution Control Bd. (In re Cnty. of Kankakee)

Note: This policy does not apply to Agency Decision sources with the exception of FCC.

________________________________________________________________
3.1.3.3 Multiple Parties, Claims, etc.

General When there are multiple party names in the “In re” case name, restrict the
Rule: parenthetical “In re” information to “In re” plus the first party name:

Given: In the Matter of the Judicial Settlement of the Account of Eugenia

Giangrande, Rose Case and Eugene Gaffney, as three of the
Executors of the Estate Of Carmela Castaldo, Deceased.
Eugene S. GAFFNEY, Petitioner-Appellant v. Eugenia
GIANGRANDE, Respondent.
Type: Gaffney v. Giangrande (In re Giangrande)
General When there is a case name instead of a party name within the “In re” case name,
Rule: pick that up.

Given: IN THE MATTER OF THE PAYMENT OF JURY AND WITNESS

FEES IN STATE V. DAY: OUTAGAMIE COUNTY, Respondent,
V. STATE PUBLIC DEFENDER APPOINTED ATTORNEY,
LEONARD D. KACHINSKY, Appellant
Type: Outagamie Cnty. v Kachinsky (In re State v Day)
___________________________________________________________
General When an “In re” case name contains multiple claim numbers, pick up the first
Rule: number only.

Given: In the Matter of Client Security Fund Claims 91-021 to 91-022,

91-024 to 91-028 and 91-030 Regarding the Law Offices. Joseph
L. WILLIAMS II, Petitioner, v. IDAHO STATE BAR, Respondent.
Type: Williams v Idaho State Bar (In re Client Sec. Fund Claims
91-021)
________________________________________________________________

3.1.4 “In the Interest of” and Introductory Phrases

________________________________________________________________
General However, if the “non-versus” case name begins with “In the Interest of,” keep
Rule: “In the Interest of” in addition to death related phrases such as “Estate of,” “Will
of,” and “Succession of,” omit any other introductory phrases.

26
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: In the Interest of the Disbarment of Lee; O.H. v. State

Type: O.H. v State (In the Int. of Lee)

Given: In the Interest of Estate of Jones; A v. B

Type: A v B (In the Int. of Est. of Jones)

________________________________________________________________

3.2 Procedural Phrases

________________________________________________________________
Defined: Procedural phrases are generally words that connect two persons or entities and
indicate that the two stand together in the litigation as one party because one is
the legal representative of the other. The phrase “In re,” which basically means
“concerning” or “regarding,” is treated as a procedural phrase for the purpose of
applying the rules, although it doesn’t really have anything to do with one party
serving as the legal representative of another.
________________________________________________________________

3.2.1 “ex rel.”

________________________________________________________________
General Abbreviate “on the relation of,” “for the use of,” on behalf of,” and similar
Rule: expressions to “ex rel.” (see the chart on page 28 for additional examples – this
list is not all-inclusive).

Acting for
Aid of
As next friend of
At the relation of
Ex inf.
For
For the benefit of
For the use of
For the use and benefit of
F/u/b/a
On
On accusation of
On behalf of
O/b/o
On complaint of
On info. Of
On prosecution of
On relation of
On suggestion of

Note: The terms “by,” “by & Through,” “by next friend” and “Through” do not convert to
“ex rel.,” because they indicate that the second party listed is the legal
representative of the first party (which is the opposite relationship described by

27
CASE NAMES MANUAL

“ex rel.”).

When these terms connect two parties, pick up only the first party name given.

Given: Smith by and through Jones v. Doe

Type: Smith v Doe

Given: Dawn Compton, b/n/f Oprah Winfrey v. Commerce Properties

Type: Compton v Com. Props.

But, Given: David Chandler for Walt Klinkenberg v. J.N. Beaumont

Type: Chandler ex rel. Klinkenberg v Beaumont

Given: STATE OF LOUISIANA THROUGH THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

AND HUMAN RESOURCES, OFFICE OF FAMILY SECURITY, IN THE
INTEREST OF CARL COLLINS, MINOR CHILD OF CLYDIE PENALVER
VERSUS CARL ELLIS
Type:  State through Dep't of Health & Hum. Res., Off. of Fam. Sec. ex rel.
Collins v. Ellis

___________________________________________________________
Note: When the term “as” appears in a case name along with a descriptive term (such
as “Administrator”/”Administratrix,” “Executor”/”Executrix,” etc.) that connects two
parties, it is treated as a descriptive statement and is not converted to “ex rel.”.

Given: Virginia Lewandowski, as Guardian of Andrew Klun v. Pamela

Smith
Type: Lewandowski v Smith

This rule also applies when a term that would otherwise convert to “ex rel.” (such
as “for”) appears as a part of the descriptive statement.

Given: Duval, as Personal Representative for the Estate of Duval v.

Sam Jones
Type: Duval v Jones
_____________________________________________________

Note: When the phrase “in the Interest of” connects two parties, it is serving as a
procedural phrase and it is also converted to “ex rel.”

Given: State of La., In the Interest of Helen Harisis v. Bud Weiser

Type: State ex rel. Harisis v Weiser

Given: State of Louisiana in the Interest of K.J.

Type: State ex rel. K.J.

Given: STATE OF LOUISIANA; IN THE INTEREST OF D.H.

Type: State ex rel. D.H.

Given: STATE OF LOUISIANA, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES

IN THE INTEREST OF D.F. VERSUS L.T., JR. C/W STATE OF
LOUISIANA, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN THE INTEREST
OF J T. VERSUS L.T., JR.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: State Dep't Soc. Servs. ex rel. D.F. v. L.T.

_______________________________________________________
General When a party sues individually and for another, it is unnecessary to pick up the
Rule: procedural phrase or convert it to “ex rel.”

Given: Tim Glen, individually and on behalf of Ruth Barns v. Michels

Type: Glen v Michels
___________________________________________________________

General The first word after “ex rel.” may be abbreviated.

Rule:
Given: George Costanza ex rel. General Insurance Company v. Venice
Type: Costanza ex rel. Gen. Ins. Co. v Venice
___________________________________________________________
General Drop any punctuation before and after a procedural phrase.
Rule:
Given: Brodner, on behalf of Evans
Type: Brodner ex rel. Evans
________________________________________________________________

3.2.2 “In re”

________________________________________________________________
General The Case Name Rules also require that we convert these phrases to “In re”:
Rule:
“in the matter of…”
“matter of…”
“petition of…”
“application of…”

Given: In the Matter of Anzalone

Type: In re Anzalone

Given: Upon the petition of AMY BLEVINS, Petitioner-Appellant, And

Concerning DAVIS HEYWOOD, JR., Respondent-Appellee.
Type: In re Belvins

Exception: When the phrase “in the matter of” connects two parties, it is not converted to “In re”.

Given: Louisiana Board of Ethics in the Matter of Great Southern

Dredging, Inc.
Type: La. Bd. Of Ethics in the Matter of Great S. Dredging, Inc.
___________________________________________________________
General It is unnecessary to pick up “petition of” or “application of” with an “In re” case
Rule: name.

Given: In re Petition of Hall

Type: In re Hall
________________________________________________________________

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

3.2.3 Keeping or Omitting Procedural Phrases

________________________________________________________________
General Apply the rules summarized in the following table:
Rule:

“versus” case name “non-versus” case name

Only keep -----“ex rel.” Only keep ---- first one given

Also, The same rules apply with the “versus” portion and the “non-versus” portion of a
combination case name.
________________________________________________________________

3.3 Introductory Phrases

________________________________________________________________
Defined: Introductory phrases are words that characterize the proceeding, like “Accounting
of,” “Adoption of,” “Commitment of,” “Compensation of,” “Disbarment of,” “Estate
of,” "Guardianship of," “Heirs of,” “Interest of,” “Marriage of,” “Succession of,”
“Will of,” etc.

________________________________________________________________

3.3.1 “Versus” Case Names

________________________________________________________________
General Omit all introductory phrases with “versus” case names except death related
phrases
Rule: such as “Estate of,” “Will of,” and “Succession of.”

Given: In re the Marriage of Clair Wiederholt v. Bonnie Fischer

Type: Wiederholt v Fischer

Given: In the Interest of: J.H. AND J.W., Appellants, v. State of Florida,
Appellee
Type: J.H. v State

Given: Estate of Edith Bunker v. Commissioner

Type: Est. of Bunker v Comm'r

Given: Will of Edith Cooper v. Commissioner

Type: Will of Cooper v Comm'r

Given: Estate of Ralph Hood, B. Viola Hood, Executrix,

Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Floyd Rose, et al., Defendants-Appellees.
Type: Est. of Hood v. Rose

________________________________________________________________

30
CASE NAMES MANUAL

3.3.2 “Non-Versus” Case Names

________________________________________________________________
General Keep all introductory phrases with “non-versus” case names:
Rule:
Given: In re Resignation of Joseph Schenk
Type: In re Resignation of Schenk

Given: In re Commitment of Custody & Guardianship of Wendy H.

Type: In re Commitment of Custody & Guardianship of Wendy H.

Given: In re Guardianship, etc., Danyel Ramona C., etc., A Dependent

Child Under the Age of Eighteen Years, etc., Diego C.,
Respondent-Appellant, St. Christopher-Ottilie,
Petitioner-Appellant.
Type: In re Guardianship of Danyel Ramona C.

Given: In the Matter of the Welfare of the Child(ren) of: T.L.C., Parent.
Type: In re Welfare of Child of T.L.C.

Given: In re the Marriage of Michele Hansen, Appellant, and Peter

Hansen, Appellee
Type: In re Marriage of Hansen

Given: IN RE THE MARRIAGE OF DAWN ELAINE SWIPIES AND

KENNETH HAROLD SWIPIES Upon the Petition of DAWN
ELAINE SWIPIES, Petitioner-Appellee, And Concerning
KENNETH HAROLD SWIPIES, Defendant-Appellant.
Type: In re Marriage of Swipies

Given: In the Matter of the Marriage of DIANA I. KILLMAN, a/k/a DIANA

I. BOCK, Appellant, and KURT KILLMAN, Appellee.
Type: In re Marriage of Killman

Given: In re the Marriage of: Despina H. JONES, Appellee, and

Tiem-Quang-Nguyen, Appellant
Type: In re Marriage of Jones

Given: In the Matter of the Claim of GREGORY A. BACH, Appellant.

COMMISSIONER OF LABOR, Respondent.
Type: In re Claim of Bach

But: Given: In re Petition for Reinstatement to the Practice of Law of Nyberg

Type: In re Nyberg

In this example, “Petition for Reinstatement to the Practice of Law” may be

treated as a single statement – as a result, it is omitted in its entirety.

Given: IN THE MATTER OF THE APPLICATION TO QUASH A

SUBPOENA -OF- MARTIN R. STOLAR, ESQ.
Type: In re Stolar

Note: “Last Will and Testament” is converted to “Will of.”

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: In the Matter of the Last Will and Testament of Leon Parker
Type: In re Will of Parker

________________________________________________________________

3.3.3 Combination Case Names

________________________________________________________________
General Omit all introductory phrases with the “versus” portion of case name except death
related
Rule: phrases such as “Estate of,” “Will of,” and “Succession of,” as above.

Rule: If the “non-versus” portion of a combination case name begins with “In re,” omit
all introductory phrases except death related phrases such as “Estate of,” “Will
of,” and “Succession of.”

Given: A v. B (In re Estate of D)

Type: A v B (In re Est. of D)

Given: M v. N (In re Marriage of Q)

Type: M v N (In re Q)

Given: Z v. X (In re Compensation of R)

Type: Z v X (In re R)

Given: In re Interest of Jones. Smith v. Jones

Type: Smith v Jones (In re Jones)

Given: In the Matter of: The Certificate of Need Application of the

Holzer Consolidated Health System, (Gallipolis Care, L.L.C. et
al., Appellants), v. Ohio Department of Health and Holzer
Consolidated Health System, Appellees.
Type: Gallipolis Care, L.L.C. v. Ohio Dep't of Health (In re
Certificate of Need Application of Holzer Consol. Health
Sys.)

Given: In the Matter of Disciplinary Proceedings Against Peter J. Kovac,

Attorney at Law: Office of Lawyer Regulation v. Peter J. Kovac
Type: Off. of Law. Regul. v. Kovac (In re Kovac)

Given: In re: VIOXX Products Liability Litigation; This Document Relates

To:
AvMed, Inc., et al. v. BrownGreer, PLC, et al., No. 08-1633, 1199
SEIU Greater New York Benefit Fund, et al. v. Brown Greer,
PLC, et al., No. 08-3627
Type: AvMed, Inc. v BrownGreer, PLC (In re Vioxx Prods. Liab.
Litig.)

General If the “non-versus” portion of combination case name begins with “In the Interest
Rule: of,” keep “In the Interest of” but omit all other introductory phrases except death
related phrases such as “Estate of,” “Will of,” and “Succession of”.

Given: In the Interest of the Disbarment of Lee; O.H. v State

32
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: O.H. v State (In the Int. of Lee)

Given: In the Interest of Estate of Jones; A v B

Type: A v B (In the Int. of Est. of Jones)
___________________________________________________________
General “Interest” should be capitalized:
Rule:
Given: In the interest of J. Eckleben
Type: In the Int. of Eckleben

Note: When “in the Interest of” connects two parties, it is treated as a procedural
phrase and converted to “ex rel.” Apply rules applicable to procedural phrases
(Section 3.2).
________________________________________________________________

4 RULES FOR GEOGRAPHICAL PHRASES

________________________________________________________________
Overview: This chapter addresses the rules applied to prepositional phrases of location,
including
an explanation of the “One Word Rule.” A quick reference chart designed to be
applied to case names that contain governmental agencies (broken down by
whether the case is appearing in either state or federal court) is also given under
Section 4.5.2.
________________________________________________________________
In this This chapter is divided into six sections.
Chapter:
Section Description Page
4.1 Prepositional Phrases of Location 33
● Prepositional Phrases of Location
34
w/National or Larger Locations
● The “One Word Rule” 35
● “City of” and “Like” Expressions 36
● “City of” 36
● “Like” Expressions 36
● Geographic Terms That Do Not
Function as Prepositional Phrases of 38
Location
Geographic Phrases Not Following a
4.2 38
Preposition
“State of…”/”Commonwealth of…”/”People
4.3 38
of…”
4.4 “United States” 39
Governmental Agencies and Divisions of
4.5 39
Governmental Agencies
● Divisions of United States 40
● Divisions of States 40
● Divisions of Governmental Agencies
41
Smaller Than States

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

4.1 Prepositional Phrases of Location

________________________________________________________________
Defined: A prepositional phrase of location is a geographical term (like “Harrisburg,”
“Georgia,” or “America”) following the word “of,” “at,” “for,” or some other
preposition. It describes the location of the person, place or thing that it follows.

Examples: The Salvation Army of Rochester

(“of Rochester” is a prepositional phrase of location)

Superior Court of Wayne County

(“of Wayne County” is a prepositional phrase of location)

Board of Education of the School District of Belle Vernon

(“of the School District of Belle Vernon” is a prepositional phrase of
location)
___________________________________________________________
General Retain all geographical phrases not introduced by a preposition:
Rule:
Given: Wichita Board of Trade v. United States
Type: Wichita Bd. of Trade v United States
___________________________________________________________
The For our Case Name Rules, a “comma” with a location is treated like a
“Comma preposition. We omit the phrase if it follows the party name. In addition, the
Rule” “Comma Rule” requires that we omit the phrase if it precedes the name, as well.

Given: Cooley v. Board of Wardens, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Type: Cooley v Bd. of Wardens

Or, Given: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Board of Wardens v. Cooley

Type: Bd. of Wardens v Cooley
___________________________________________________________
General Omit prepositional phrases when a "geographical location," "port," or
Rule: "educational entity" is the object of the preposition, unless another rule applies.

Geographical Given: Joe Smith v. State Bar of Georgia

Locations (a.k.a. Type: Smith v State Bar
Prepositional
Phrase of Given: Blazquez v. Board of Education of the City of Chicago
Location) Type: Blazquez v. Bd. of Educ.

Given: The Superior Court of Wayne County v. Frank Zolin

Type: Superior Ct. v Zolin

Given: First Federal Bank of Utah v. Kelly Powers

Type: First Fed. Bank v Powers

Given: Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska v. Bruce Babbitt

Type: Winnebago Tribe v Babbitt

34
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: Title Insurance Company of San Francisco v. Martin

Type: Title Ins. Co. v Martin

Given: In re: Oil Spill by the Oil Rig “Deepwater Horizon” in the Gulf of
Mexico, on April 20, 2010. This Document Relates To: Certain Cases
Remaining in the B1 Remaining Bundle
Type: In re Oil Spill by the Oil Rig “Deepwater Horizon”

Ports: Given: Robert Cooley v. Board of Wardens of the Port of Philadelphia

Type: Cooley v Bd. of Wardens

Given: Macklem v. Commissioner of Immigration at the Port of New

York
Type: Macklem v. Comm’r of Immigr.

Educational Given: Rocco Stezzi v. Board of Education of the School District of

Entities: Philadelphia
Type: Stezzi v Bd. of Educ.

Given: Rocco Stezzi v. Board of Education of the Philadelphia School

District
Type: Stezzi v Bd. of Educ.

Given: Smith v. Board of Education of the Unified School District No. 4

Type: Smith v Bd. of Educ.

Caution: Retain prepositional phrases not relating to "geographical locations," "ports," or

"educational entities," unless another rule applies.

Given: In re Interest of D.C, Alleged to be a Mentally Ill Dangerous

Person. D.C., Appellant, v. Mental Health Board of the Fourth
Judicial District, Appellee.
Type: D.C. v. Mental Health Bd. of the Fourth Jud. Dist. (In
re D.C.)

Note: In this example, the comma takes the place of the word "of" making "State
Prison" a prepositional phrase and must be retained.

Given: Caine Cooper (Inmate # 159425) v. Warden, State Prison

Type: Cooper v Warden, State Prison

_______________________________________________________________
Exceptions: Retain prepositional phrases of location when:

● The location is national or larger,

● The omission would leave only one word in the name of a party,
● The location is an integral part of an incorporated business name,
or,
● The prepositional phrase of location follows “City of” or “like”
expressions which begin a party name;

Exception Long Case Name Given: Type As:

35
CASE NAMES MANUAL

National or First Fed. Bank of

First Federal Bank of America
Larger Location Am.
“One Word Rule” Bank of Harrisburg Bank of Harrisburg
Incorporated Vandelay Industries of Queens, Vandelay Indus. of
Business Name Ltd. Queens
“City of” or “Like”
City of New York City of New York
Expression

These exceptions are explained in more detail on the pages following. See
Section 2.4.2.3 for additional information about prepositional phrases of location
appearing in business names, and Section 4.1.3 for additional information about
“City of” and “like” expressions.
________________________________________________________________

4.1.1 Prepositional Phrases of Location with National or Larger Locations

________________________________________________________________
General Include prepositional designations of national or larger geographical areas.
Rule:
(Note that these will be abbreviated according to Appendix B.)

Given: United States v. Aluminum Co. of Brazil

Type: United States v Aluminum Co. of Braz.

Given: United States v. Bisquick Co. of America

Type: United States v Bisquick Co. of Am.

But, Given: United States v. First National Bank of New York

Type: United States v First Nat’l Bank
___________________________________________________________
Exception: Do not include designations of national or larger geographical areas in union
Union Names names.
Given: Douds v. Television Broadcast Eng’rs of America
Type: Douds v TV Broad. Eng’rs

(For a more in depth discussion on the rules for union names, see Section 5.1.)
___________________________________________________________
Exception: We will always omit “America” when it appears after “United States.”
“America”
Given: United States of America v. Joe Namath
Type: United States v Namath
________________________________________________________________

4.1.2 The “One Word Rule”

________________________________________________________________
General We will retain prepositional phrases of location that would otherwise be omitted
Rule: when the omission would leave only one word in the name of a party.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: William Mays v. Bank of Harrisburg

Type: Mays v Bank of Harrisburg

Note: The “One Word Rule” also does not apply to the Acronyms listed in Appendix D.
So:
Given: MADD of Western New York v Jonathon Emmy
Type: MADD v Emmy

Note: When prepositional phrases of location are included because of the “One Word
Rule,” they may be abbreviated according to their standard abbreviations in
Appendix B.

Given: Bank of New Mexico

Type: Bank of N.M.

Given: Bank of Los Angeles

Type: Bank of L.A.

Given: Bank of America

Type: Bank of Am.

Given: Bank of Finland

Type: Bank of Fin.

Note: Do not abbreviate geographical terms following “City of…” or “like” expressions,
even if they have a standard abbreviation in Appendix B. Click here for more
examples.

Given: Mayor of Chicago v. Joseph Smith

Type: Mayor of Chicago v Smith

But: Given: Bank of Chicago v. Tom Jones

Type: Bank of Chi. v Jones

Exception: The “One Word Rule” does not apply to “State of…,” “People of…,” and
“Commonwealth of….” See Section 4.3 for the rule specific to these
expressions.
________________________________________________________________

4.1.3 “City of” and “Like” Expressions

________________________________________________________________
4.1.3.1 “City of”

General Include prepositional phrases of location when they follow “City of” or a “like”
Rule: expression and that expression begins a party name.

Given: City of Boston v. Boston Celtics

Type: City of Boston v Boston Celtics

Conversely, Omit “City of” or “like” expressions and the prepositional phrase of location that
follow when they do not begin a party name.

37
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: Blazquez v. Board of Education of the City of Chicago

Type: Blazquez v. Bd. of Educ.

Given: Department of Human Resources of the City of New York v.

Jones
Type: Dep't of Hum. Res. v Jones

But, Given: City of New York v. Jones

Type: City of New York v Jones

Note: Do not abbreviate geographical terms following “City of…” or “like” expressions,
even if they have a standard abbreviation in Appendix B. Click here for more
examples.

Note: When confronted with multiple prepositional phrases in a single party name, the
“One Word Rule” still applies. So, if

Given: Bank of the City of New York

Ordinarily, “City of” would be dropped and the prepositional phrase of location
following it according to this rule, but the result would leave you with one word.
So, following the “One Word Rule,” you would

Type: Bank of N.Y.

Note also that in this example, it is permissible to abbreviate “New York”, since it
is part of a prepositional phrase that does not incorporate the use of “City of…” or
a “like” expression.

________________________________________________________________
4.1.3.2 Expressions Equivalent to "City of" (“Like” Expressions)

Examples: The following list includes “like” expressions that would be equivalent to “City of”.
This list is not all-inclusive. Note the abbreviations for certain terms included in
bold italics.
Alderman of Incorporated Village of
(Inc. Vill. of)
Board of Alderman of Inhabitants of
(Bd. of Alderman of)
Borough of Mayor of
City & County of Members of the City Council of
(City & Cnty. of)
City Council of Municipality of
City University of Native Village of
(City Univ. of) (Native Vill. of)
Community College of Organized Village of
(Cmty. Coll. of) (Organized Vill. of)
County of Town of
(Cnty. of)
Incorporated City of Township of
(Inc. City of) (Twp. of)
Incorporated Town of Village of
(Inc. Town of) (Vill. of)

38
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Mayor and City Council of (the second

party "City Council" will be dropped)

Given: Town of LeRoy v. Costa

Type: Town of LeRoy v Costa

Given: City Council of Rochester v. Smith

Type: City Council of Rochester v Smith

Given: Glossner v. City University of New York

Type: Glossner v City Univ. of New York

Given: Mayor and City Council of Baltimore v. Whalen

Type: Mayor of Baltimore v. Whalen

Given: Natural Resources Defense Council v. County of Los Angeles

Type: NRDC v. Cnty. of Los Angeles

In the above example, the second party is dropped in accordance with

the "Multiple Parties" rule but the prepositional phrase of location is
retained so as not to violate the "One Word" rule.

But, Given: Board of Regents of the State University of New York at Buffalo
v. Matt Dempster
Type: Bd. of Regents v Dempster

Given: Board of Directors of the New York Department of Education v.

Victor Zaraya
Type: Bd. of Dirs. v Zaraya

Note: The prepositional phrases of location included in the above references to the
“Board of Regents” and the “Board of Directors” should be eliminated. If you are
in doubt about a term similar to “City of” or a “like” expression that does not
appear on the previous list, defer to the general rule – err on the side of
omission and remove the prepositional phrase of location.

___________________________________________________________
Cross- Do not abbreviate a geographical term following “State of…,” “Commonwealth
Reference: of…,” or “People of….” (if the case is being heard in a different state or a federal
jurisdiction – see Rule 4.3), and do not abbreviate the proper name of a state,
commonwealth, or territory if it is given by itself. These geographical terms are
considered the named party and are not altered.

Given: State of Minnesota v. Jesse Ventura (case is in Federal Court)

Type: Minnesota v Ventura

Given: Staub v. District of Columbia

Type: Staub v District of Columbia

Given: California v. Jay Roach

Type: California v Roach

But: Given: Tennessee Department of Transportation v. Presley

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: Tenn. DOT v Presley

Note: Do not abbreviate geographical terms following “City of…” or “like” expressions,
even if they have a standard abbreviation in Appendix B. Click here for more
examples.
________________________________________________________________

4.1.4 Geographic Terms That Do Not Function As Prepositional Phrases of

Location
________________________________________________________________
General Sometimes, geographic terms may follow a preposition but are not considered
Rule: prepositional phrases of location because they serve some purpose other than
merely describing the location of the entity. In these situations, we do not omit the
geographic term or the preposition.

Given: Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great

Oregon
Type: Babbitt v Sweet Home Chapter Cmtys. for a Great Or.

In this example, “Sweet Home Chapter Communities for a Great Or.” is the full
name of the party – while “Oregon” appears as a part of a prepositional phrase
(“for a”), it is merely descriptive of the organization’s purpose and not necessarily
its location.
________________________________________________________________

4.2 Geographical Phrases Not Following a Preposition

________________________________________________________________
General If your geographical phrase does not follow a preposition, do not omit it.
Rule:
Given: United States v. Citizens Utility Co. Illinois
Type: United States v Citizens Util. Co. Ill.

Given: Thomas v. Rochester Museum and Science Center

Type: Thomas v Rochester Museum & Sci. Ctr.
________________________________________________________________

4.3 “State of…”/”Commonwealth of…”/”People of…”

________________________________________________________________
General When a case is being heard in the state or territory listed as a party in the case
Rule for name, we omit the proper name of the state or territory and keep “State,”
In-State: “Commonwealth," or “People.”

Given: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Geneva Spells

(417 Pa. Super 233)
Type: Commonwealth v Spells

Given: RICHARD L. MARTINEZ, v. Respondent: THE PEOPLE OF THE

STATE OF COLORADO.
Type: Martinez v People

40
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: The People of the State of Colorado, Petitioner-Appellee, In the

Interest of J.O., a Child, and Concerning K.M.O., a/k/a K.M.C.,
Respondent-Appellant.
Type: People ex rel J.O.

Exception: In a Virgin Islands document retain the proper name of the territory.

Given: People of the Virgin Islands, Plaintiff v. Lazon Phillips, Defendant

Type: People of the V.I. v. Phillips

___________________________________________________________
General When a case is being heard in a different state or in a federal jurisdiction, we
Rule for omit “State of…,” “Commonwealth of…,” or “People of…,” and retain the proper
Out-of- name of the state or territory.
State:
Given: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. Geneva Spells (236 US 1)
Type: Pennsylvania v Spells

Given: Government of the Virgin Islands v. Fast Freddy’s, Inc.

Type: Gov’t of the V.I. v Fast Freddy’s, Inc.

Given: Jevern Philip v. Territory of the Virgin Islands

Type: Philip v Virgin Islands

Exception: In a Federal Virgin Islands document retain “People of …”

Given: People of the Virgin Islands v. William G. Clarke

Type: People of the V.I. v. Clarke

Note: Do not abbreviate a geographical term following “State of…,” “Commonwealth

of…,” or “People of….”, if omitting that term leaves only the proper name of the
state, commonwealth or territory. Stand-alone geographical terms are considered
the named party and are also not abbreviated.

Given: Alabama v. Michael H. Bozeman

Type: Alabama v Bozeman
_________________________________________________________
Note: When the proper name of a state or territory is given in a general case name
(without a “State of,” “Commonwealth of,” or “People of” reference), keep the
proper name of the state or territory (even if the case is being decided in that
state or territory):

Given: Colorado Department of Revenue v. Jones

Type: Colo. Dep’t of Revenue v Jones
NOT: State Dep’t of Revenue v Jones

In the example below "Commonwealth" is not considered a proper name and

should not be retained.

Given:  Commonwealth Dep’t of Transp., Bureau of Driver Licensing

            Type:   DOT, Bureau of Driver Licensing
            NOT:    Commonwealth DOT, Bureau of Driver Licensing

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

________________________________________________________________

4.4 “United States”

________________________________________________________________
General Any time “United States” is used in reference to the United States Government or
Rule: some part thereof, spell out “United States”.

Given: United States of America v. Richard Nixon

Type: United States v Nixon

Given: U.S. v. Richard Nixon

Type: United States v Nixon

Note: See also the rule on “United States” in business names (Rule 6.2.1).
________________________________________________________________

4.5 Governmental Agencies and Divisions of Governmental

Agencies
________________________________________________________________
General Pick up Governmental Agencies and Divisions of Governmental Agencies.
Rule:
Given: William March v. Florida Dep’t of Business Regulation, Division
of Pari-Mutuel Wagering
Type: March v Fla. Dep’t of Bus. Regul., Div. of Pari-Mutuel
Wagering

Given: Kurt Wunder v. Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs, U.S.

Department of Labor
Type: Wunder v OWCP, United States DOL
________________________________________________________________

4.5.1 Divisions of United States

________________________________________________________________
General Retain “United States,” any governmental agency thereof, and the division listed.
Rule: In other words, keep everything listed.

Given: United States, Office of the Internal Revenue Service v. Fred

Flintstone
Type: United States, Office of the IRS v Flintstone

Given: Roy Biggins v. Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs,

United States Dep’t of Labor
Type: Biggins v OWCP, United States DOL
________________________________________________________________

4.5.2 Divisions of States

________________________________________________________________

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

General The general rules here are actually a combination of previous rules, including
Rule: “State of” and the prepositional phrase of location rules.

Note: Per the information described in Section 2.1.2, the CDBII and Auto-Cite
databases will attempt to truncate case name data upon its receipt from LEXIS in
accordance with our Case Name Rules. However, since these rules periodically
change (and neither system can interpret ambiguous case names), it is important
to be aware that manual intervention may be necessary in instances where
CDBII and/or Auto-Cite have misinterpreted a case name. Since this is often true
of case names that involve governmental agencies, it is important to make note
of these situations again here.

For example:

Long Case Name: Colorado Department of Transportation v. Jones

System Case Name: State Dot v Jones

In this case, the system has automatically changed the proper name of the state
from “Colorado” to “State,” and did not correctly capitalize the acronym “DOT.”
The correct case name would be:

Type: Colo. DOT v Jones

The following chart was designed to give a sampling of the variations that can
occur between case names when they appear in either state or federal court. It is
not specific to the State of Oregon and the Department of Commerce. Replace
your state and agency with the following examples:

Or, if your case is in another

If your case name appears as And your case is in that State
State or in Federal Court,
follows: Court, Type:
Type:
Oregon Dep't of Revenue Or. Dep't of Revenue Or. Dep't of Revenue

State of Oregon Dep’t of Revenue State Dep’t of Revenue Or. Dep’t of Revenue

Oregon State Dep’t of Revenue Or. State Dep’t of Revenue Or. State Dep’t of Revenue

State of Oregon, Dep’t of

Dep't of Revenue Dep't of Revenue
Revenue
Department of Revenue of the
Dep't of Revenue, Motor Vehicle Dep't of Revenue, Motor
State of Oregon, Motor Vehicle
Div. Vehicle Div.
Division

Motor Vehicle Division of the Motor Vehicle Div. of the Or. Dep’t Motor Vehicle Div. of the Or.
Oregon Department of Revenue of Revenue Dep’t of Revenue

Secretary of State for the State of

Oregon Sec'y of State Sec'y of Or.
(This rule would not apply to other
situations, e.g. Secretary Of Treasury)

43
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Secretary of the Treasury of the

Sec'y of the Treasury Sec'y of the Treasury
State of Oregon

4.5.3 Divisions of Governmental Entities Smaller than States

________________________________________________________________
General For jurisdictions smaller than a state (such as “County of,” “City of”), include
everything in
Rule: the case name as long as the “County of” or “City of” are listed first.

Given: City of Cleveland, Dep’t of Transp. v. Kevin Williams

Type: City of Cleveland, DOT v Williams

Given: County of Monroe, Bureau of Pure Waters v. Kodak

Type: Cnty. of Monroe, Bureau of Pure Waters v Kodak

But, Given: Dep’t of Transp. of the City of Cleveland v. Williams

Type: DOT v Williams

Given: Bureau of Pure Waters, County of Monroe v. Xerox

Type: Bureau of Pure Waters v Xerox

(See Section 4.1.3 for the General Rule for “City of” and prepositional phrases of
location).

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

________________________________________________________________

5 MISCELLANEOUS CASE NAME RULES

________________________________________________________________
Overview: This chapter addresses miscellaneous rules applied to content-specific case
names, including court rule amendments, union names, workers’ compensation
cases, grand jury proceedings, arbitration cases, air disasters, “Ex Parte”
decisions in Alabama, condemnation proceedings, marriage disputes in Oregon,
and state bar association disbarment proceedings.
________________________________________________________________

5.1 Air Disasters

________________________________________________________________
General In order to distinguish cases involving air disasters from each other, we will pick
Rule: up information regarding the place of disaster.

Given: IN RE: AIR DISASTER AT LOCKERBIE SCOTLAND ON

DECEMBER 21, 1988. JUDITH A. PAGNUCCO, Individually
and as Executrix of the Estate of Robert I Pagnucco v. PAN
AMERICAN WORLD AIRWAYS, INC. and ALERT
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, INC.,
Type: Pagnucco v PAN AM (In re Air Disaster at
Lockerbie Scot.)

Cross Since it does not include an individual’s proper name, the term “In re Air Disaster
Reference: at…” does not fall within the scope of the combination case name rule (Rule
3.1.3.1) and is considered a single statement for the purposes of describing the
accident and the location where it occurred.
________________________________________________________________

5.2 Arbitration Cases

________________________________________________________________

5.2.1 “In the Matter of Arbitration”

________________________________________________________________
General Pick up only the “versus” case name for cases beginning with “In the Matter of
Rule: Arbitration Between. . . .”

Given: In the Matter of Arbitration Between: Judy Lee v. James Chica

Type: Lee v Chica
________________________________________________________________

5.2.2 Exception: Creating a “Versus” Case Name

________________________________________________________________
General We create a versus case name in arbitration cases when one party is “State,” or
Rule: when the parties are separated by “and.”

45
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: State of Ohio, Plaintiff, Timothy Mayle, Defendant

Type: State v Mayle (in Ohio)
Type: Ohio v Mayle (in Federal Court)

Or, Given: In the Matter of Arbitration Between: Barbara Smith, Appellant

and Tom Butler, Appellee
Type: Smith v Butler

But, Given: In the Matter of the Claim of Billy Barna. John Hudacs, as
Commissioner of Labor
Type: In re Claim of Barna

5.3 California Exceptions

The following guidelines apply to California (Cal. LEXIS and Cal. App. LEXIS) Full-Text Citing
Documents.

5.3.1 General Rule

Abbreviate only the following words listed below.

Full Word Abbreviation

Association Assn.
Board Bd.
Commission Com.
Company Co.
Compensation Comp.
Corporation Corp.
Department Dept.
Incorporated Inc.
Insurance Ins.
International Internat.

Do not abbreviate words not listed in the above list.

Examples

● California
● University

5.3.2 First Word

Do not abbreviate the first word of a California party name.

Given: Kenneth Hatai v. Department of Transportation

Type: Hatai v. Department of Transportation

46
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: City of San Jose v. International Association of Firefighters Local

230
Type: City of San Jose v. International Assn. of Firefighters Local
230

Exception: Business Names

Given: Kim A. Rodgers v. GE Commercial Finance Business Property

Corporation
Type: Rodgers v. GE Commercial Finance Business Property
Corp.

Given: Vincent W. Shack v. NBC Universal, Inc.

Type: Shack v. NBC Universal, Inc.

Given: V & P Trading Co., Inc. v. United Charter, LLC

Type: V & P Trading Co., Inc. v. United Charter, LLC

5.3.3 Business Names

Retain Inc., Ltd., and Business Abbreviations when they follow a party name.

Given: Huntington Continental Town House Association, Inc. v. Joseph A.

Miner
Type: Huntington Continental Town House Assn., Inc. v. Miner

Given: SB Liberty, LLC v. Isla Verde Association, Inc.

Type: SB Liberty, LLC v. Isla Verde Assn., Inc.

Given: First Aid Services of San Diego, Inc. v. California Employment

Development Department
Type: First Aid Services of San Diego, Inc. v. Employment
Development
Dept.

The term “and” is abbreviated with an ampersand (“&”).

Given: The People v. Accredited Surety and Casualty Company, Inc.

Type: People v. Accredited Surety & Casualty Co., Inc.

5.3.4 “The”
Omit “The” as the first word of a party name unless “The” is part of the Business name. See
additional exceptions at 2.3.1.

Given: The Formula, Inc. v. The Superior Court of Mono County

Type: The Formula, Inc. v. Superior Court

5.3.5 “State of California ex rel.”

Omit “California”

Given: State of California ex rel. Joseph McCann v. Bank of America,

N.A.

47
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: State ex rel. Joseph McCann v. Bank of America, N.A.

5.3.6 Superior Court

Include the last name of the Real Party in Interest in parentheses following Party 2 when the
Petitioner/Plaintiff is “People” or “State”.

Given: The People v. The Superior Court of Placer County; Tibor Karsai,
Real
Party in Interest
Type: People v. Superior Court (Karsai)

Given: The People ex rel. Department of Transportation v. The Superior

Court of
Sutter County; Allen Menigoz et al., Real Parties in Interest
Type: People ex rel. Department of Transportation v. Superior Court

5.3.7 California Department Names

Follow the name of the Department by referencing the Official Name listing. If an official name is
not listed include the name provided.

Given: State Department of Finance v. Commission on State Mandates

Type: Department of Finance v. Commission on State Mandates

Given: Citizens for East Shore Parks v. State Lands Commission

Type: Citizens for East Shore Parks v. State Lands Com.

Given: State of California Military Department v. Workers’ Compensation

Appeals Board
Type: Military Dept. v. Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board

Given: The Morning Star Company v. State Board of Equalization

Type: Morning Star Co. v. Board of Equalization

The term “and” is abbreviated with an ampersand (“&”) unless the parties are two separate
entities.

Given: Pacific Gas and Electric Company v. City and County of San
Francisco
Type: Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. City and County of San
Francisco

Given: Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation v. State Personnel

Board
Type: Department of Corrections & Rehabilitation v. State
Personnel Board

5.3.8 Juvenile Cases

When you are given two case names where one is a “versus” case name and the other a
“non-versus” case name, you set forth the first case name only.

48
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: In the Matter of K.R. Los Angeles County Department of

Children and Family Services v. The Superior Court of Los
Angeles County
Type: In re K.R.

Given: In re John Z. The People v. John Z.

Type: In re John Z.

5.3.9 Divorce Cases

When you are given two case names where one is a “versus” case name and the other a
“non-versus” case name, you set forth the first case name only.

Given: In re the Marriage of FRANKIE and RANDY VALLI.

Type: In re Marriage of Valli

Use the SCN Print to Add a Third Reversal Short Name. The Cause Id will be included in the
tag.
Type: Valli v. Valli
(In the party 1 field only)

Given two full names create a Short Name for each.

Given: 1. In re the Marriage of Mark and Rhonda Finby. 2. Mark Finby v.

Rhonda Finby
Type: In re Marriage of Finby
Type: Finby v. Fincy

Retain both parties last names if provided in the Full Name. The term “and” is abbreviated with
an ampersand (“&”).

Given: In re Marriage of Jacqueline Gréaux and Tristan Mermin.

Jacqueline
Gréaux v. Tristan Mermin
Type: In re Marriage of Gréaux & Mermin

Given: In re the Marriage of E. and Stephen P. E.P. v. Stephen P.

Type: In re Marriage of E. & Stephen P.

5.3.10 Death Penalty Cases of Two Defendants

Include both defendants’ names. The term “and” is not abbreviated with an ampersand (“&”) for
capital cases as the defendants are treated as individuals. If the defendants receive life
sentences list only the first defendant.

Given: The People v. Daniel Nunez and William Tupua Satele

Type: People v. Nunez and Satele

5.3.11 Habeas Corpus Cases

49
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Omit the descriptive phrase “Habeas Corpus” when it is merely used to identify a party otherwise
named.

Given: The People v. Rodrigo Caballero. In re Rodrigo Caballero on

Habeas
Corpus.
Type: People v. Caballero

Given: In re Jesus G., a Minor on Habeas Corpus.

Type: In re Jesus G.

Given: In re William Jon Pugh on Habeas Corpus.

Type: In re Pugh

5.3.12 “City of”

Include prepositional phrases of location when they follow “City of” or a “like” expression and that
expression begins a party name. 

             Given: Antonio Cordova v. City of Los Angeles

Type:  Cordova v. City of Los Angeles

Use the SCN Print to Add a Third Reversal Short Name. The Cause ID will be included in the tag.

Given: Antonio Cordova v. City of Los Angeles

Type:  Los Angeles, City of, Cordova, v.

________________________________________________________________

5.4 Condemnation Proceedings

________________________________________________________________
General In parentheses, pick up the name of the first appellant.
Rule:
Given: A Condemnation Proceeding In Rem By The Redevelopment
Authority Of The City Of Philadelphia For Center City
Redevelopment Convention Center Urban Renewal Area,
Philadelphia, Pa Including Certain Land Improvements and
Properties Condemnation No. 55 Claims of Samuel L
Linefsky, Appellants
Type: Condemnation Proceeding in Rem (Appeal of Linefsky)

5.5 Court Rule Amendments

General Reproduce the exact FULL-NAME in the SHORT-NAME segment for documents
Rule: containing judicial amendments to court rules. Abbreviate words found in
Appendix A and Appendix B if present.

50
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: IN RE: AMENDMENT TO RULE 36.9 OF THE ARKANSAS

RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE REGARDING TIME AND
METHOD OF TAKING A CRIMINAL APPEAL

Type: In re: Amendment to Rule 36.9 of the Ark. Rules of Crim. Proc.
Regarding Time and Method of Taking a Crim. Appeal

5.6 “Ex Parte State” in Alabama

________________________________________________________________
General For a case in a state court of Alabama, pick up the versus case name in
Rule: parentheses when the first case name given is “Ex parte State”:
Given: Ex parte State (State of Alabama v. Randall Cunningham)
Type: State v Cunningham

Given: ex Parte: State (Re: Cheriogotis v. State)

Type: Cheriogotis v State

But, Given: Ex parte Willis (State v. Jones)

Type: Ex parte Willis

5.7 Grand Jury Proceedings

________________________________________________________________

5.7.1 “Versus” + “In re” Case Names

General When given both a “versus” case name and an “In re” case name, pick up the
“versus”
Rule: case name and include “In re” in parentheses.

Given: United States v. (Under Seal), Appellant. In re Grand Jury 83-2

JOHN DOE NO. 462
Type: United States v Under Seal (In re Grand Jury 83-2 Doe No.
462)

5.7.2 “In re Grand Jury” + Name

General When there is only one case name and it begins with “In re Grand Jury
Rule: Proceedings. . . ,” pick up the relevant party name only (generally a witness or a
defendant) in parentheses, if available.

Given: IN RE GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS, DANIEL LATELLA, Misc.

No. M 11-188
Type: In re Grand Jury Proc. (Latella)

5.7.3 “In re Grand Jury” + Proceeding Number

General When the party name is not available, pick up the proceeding number, if
available.
Rule:

51
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: IN RE GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS, Misc. No. M 11-188

Type: In re Grand Jury Proc. (Misc. No. M 11-188)

5.7.4 “Grand Jury Investigation No.”

General When the case name begins with “In re Grand Jury Investigation No. ___”, pick
Rule: up the investigation number as part of the case name.

Given: IN RE GRAND JURY INVESTIGATION NO. 83-2-35

Type: In re Grand Jury Investigation No. 83-2-35

________________________________________________________________

5.8 Labor Board Decisions

________________________________________________________________
General Key only the first party name for Labor Board cases.
Rule:

Given: Indian River Memorial Hospital, Inc. and International

Brotherhood of Teamsters Local 769, AFL-CIO
Type: Indian River Mem'l Hosp., Inc.

________________________________________________________________

5.9 Massachusetts Non-Versus Case Names

________________________________________________________________
General Do not add a procedural phrase to the short name of Massachusetts non-versus
Rule: case name when not supplied by the court in the long name.

Given: ADOPTION OF NANCY & another

Type: Adoption of Nancy

Given: CARE AND PROTECTION OF ERIN

Type: Care & Prot. of Erin

Given: KEVIN MELLO'S CASE

Type: Mello’s Case

5.10New Jersey Exceptions

5.10.1 First Word

Do not abbreviate the first word of a New Jersey party name.

Given: Metropolitan National Bank, Plaintiff-Respondent v. Robin Jemal,

Defendant-Appellant.
Type: Metropolitan Nat’l Bank v. Jemal

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: I/M/O Estate of Grant

Type: In re Estate of Grant

5.10.2 Division of Taxation

See the following examples for the proper format relating to the Division of Taxation.

Given: STATE OF NEW JERSEY, DEPARTMENT OF THE

TREASURY, DIVISION OF TAXATION
Type: State, Dep’t of Treasury, Div. of Tax’n

Given: DIVISION OF TAXATION FOR THE STATE OF NEW JERSEY

Type: Division of Tax’n for the State of N.J.

Given: DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF TAXATION

Type: Director, Div. of Tax’n

5.10.3 Railroads
Do not use the acronyms "AMTRAK" or "CONRAIL" within the short case names of New Jersey
citing documents. However, "Amtrak" and "Conrail" may be used when specifically referenced in
the first position of "party 1" or "party 2."

Given: National Passenger Railroad Corp.

Type: National Passenger R.R. Corp.

Given: Consolidated Rail Corp.

Type: Consolidated Rail Corp.

Given: EDWIN OCASIO AND SEYDA MOHAMMAD, BY HER G/A/L

MARIA OCASIO, PLAINTIFFS-RESPONDENTS-CROSS-
APPELLANTS, v. AMTRAK, NEW JERSEY TRANSIT
AUTHORITY BUS COMPANY AND DONALD REED,
DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS-CROSS-RESPONDENTS, AND
VAL WELDING CORPORATION, DEFENDANT.
Type: Ocasio v. Amtrak

Given: WILLIAM EDEN, PLAINTIFF-RESPONDENT, v. CONRAIL

AND ROBERT DORRMAN, DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS
Type: Eden v. Conrail

5.11 NFN (No First Name)

Omit the abbreviations "NFN," "FNU," “NMN”, and similar indicating the party's first name or
middle name is not available.

Given: ARTHUR R. MOSELEY, Plaintiff, vs. NFN KING et al., Defendants.

Type: Moseley v. King

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: REGINALD EUGENE JACKSON, Plaintiff-Appellant v. UNIDENTIFIED YOUNG,

Eastham Unit Physician Assistant
Type: Jackson v. Young

________________________________________________________________

5.12 Oregon Marriage Disputes

________________________________________________________________
General In Oregon, the parties in a marriage dispute might be listed without a versus case
Rule: name. These parties will be listed as “Smith and Smith” instead of “Smith v
Smith.” When we see these case names, we replace the “and” with an
ampersand (&).

Given: Tyler and Tyler

Type: Tyler & Tyler

Or, Given: In re Marriage of Tyler and Tyler

Type: Tyler & Tyler

This rule is not applicable if the parties connected by “and” are not adversarial,
but are merely listed as multiple parties:

Given: Dorgan and Dorgan, husband and wife v. Walseben

Type: Dorgan v Walseben

5.13 Parentheses
________________________________________________________________
General In the following situations, we will pick up words in parentheses (be sure to add a
Rule: space to separate the parenthetical statement from the rest of the case name):

Situation Long Case Name Given Type As:

British Imports (UK) Limited Brit. Imps. (UK) Ltd.
Geographical
Phrases Martin v Swisse
Martin v Swisse Holding (Florida)
Holding (Fla.)
Vaeth v Lydia Doss
Incorporated Chris Vaeth v Lydia Doss (Incorporated)
(Inc.)

To “Aid in Bank of Boston, Trustee (Estate of Phoebe Bank of Boston (Est. of

Identification” Brewster Healey) v William Brewster Healey) v Brewster

In re Report of the Commission on In re Rep. of the

To “Aid in
Continuing Legal Education. Comm'n on Continuing
Identification”
Jeffrey Edward Reim Legal Educ. (Reim)
Non-verses

Workers Nat'l Corp. v Workers’

National Corp. v Workers’ Compensation
Compensation Comp. Appeals Bd.
Appeals Board (Bernard Thomas)
Cases (Thomas)

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Contour Designs, Inc. v The Industrial Contour Designs, Inc. v

Industrial
Commission et al. (Stephen Chamineak, Indus. Comm’n
Commission
Appellant) (Chamineak)
Ex Parte State Ex parte State (State of Alabama v
State v Thomson
(In Alabama) Thomson)

General In the following situations, we would insert information into parentheses to aid in
Rule: the identification of the parties.

Situation Long Case Name Given Type As:

Inquiry Concerning a Judge, Inquiry Concerning a
Judge Leonard Damron Judge (Damron)
Inquiry Concerning a Judge No. Inquiry Concerning a
Inquiry Concerning 92-419 Judge (No. 92-419)
Judges Inquiry Concerning a Judge, Inquiry Concerning a
J.Q.C. No. 77-16 Judge (J.Q.C. No. 77-16)
Inquiry Concerning a Judge No. Inquiry Concerning a
92-419 RE: Jon Colby Judge (Colby)
In the Matter of an Application In re Commitment of an
for the Commitment of an Alleged Mentally
alleged Mentally Disordered Disordered Person
Person, M-1049-3-85 (M-1049-3-85)
Commitment Proceedings In re Commitment of an
In the Matter of Application of
Alleged Mentally
the Commitment of an Alleged
Disordered Person
Mentally Disordered Person,
(Coconino Cnty. No. MH
Coconino County No. MH 1425
1425)
Grand Jury Proceedings In re Grand Jury Proceedings, In re Grand Jury Proc.
(see Section 5.4 for more
examples) Daniel Latella, Misc No. M11-88 (Latella)
Condemnation Condemnation
Proceedings A condemnation proceeding in
Proceeding in Rem
(see Section 5.8 for the rem … claims of Linefsky
complete rule) (Appeal of Linefsky)

See also Section 6.1.1 for information on acronyms included in parentheses.

5.14 Redacted Party Names

When a portion of the party name has been redacted, retain the portion of the case names that
was not redacted and omit the redacted language. Add periods when the remaining name
signifies initials.

Given: M[NAME REDACTED BY THE COURT] C[NAME REDACTED BY THE

COURT], Petitioner v. M[NAME REDACTED BY THE COURT] C[NAME
REDACTED BY THE COURT], Respondent
Type: M.C. v. M.C.

55
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: [TEXT REDACTED IN ORIGINAL] Plaintiff v. Richard Wu, M.D.,

Defendant.
Type: Plaintiff v. Wu
________________________________________________________________

5.15 State Bar Association Case Names and Disbarment

Proceedings
________________________________________________________________
General Sometimes these case names will be listed as “RE:” instead of “in re.” When you
Rule: see this, type “RE” in small case (“re”) and drop the punctuation.
Given: THE FLORIDA BAR RE: STEVEN GOLDMAN
Type: Fla. Bar re Goldman

Given: THE FLORIDA BAR RE: AMENDMENTS TO THE RULES

REGULATING THE FLORIDA BAR
Type: Fla. Bar re Amendments to the Rules Regulating the
Fla. Bar
___________________________________________________________
General For proceedings regarding the bar membership of attorneys, follow the rules
Rule: regarding introductory phrases but delete any descriptive information.

Given: In the Matter of the Resignation of Dudley Smith, a member of

the State
Bar of New York
Type: In re Resignation of Smith

Given: In the Matter of the Disbarment of Jack Vincennes, a member of

the
State Bar of California, Respondent.
Type: In re Disbarment of Vincennes

Given: In re Packard, D-3048

Type: In re Discipline of Packard, D-3048

But, Given: In the Matter of a Suspended Member of the State Bar of

Arizona, Wendell White, Respondent.
Type: In re White

Given: In the Matter of Suspended Member Edmund Exley, Respondent

Type: In re Exley

5.16 Union and Local Union Names

________________________________________________________________
General With the following exceptions, cite a union name exactly as it is given by LEXIS.
Rule:

Exceptions: The following are exceptions to the rule.

56
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Exception Long Case Name Given Type As:

NLRB v Radio & Television
NLRB v Radio & TV
Cite only smallest unit Broadcast Engineers, AFL-CIO
Broad. Eng’rs, Loc. 1212
IBEW, Local 1212
Richard Douds v Local 294,
Keep only first full craft International Brotherhood of Douds v Loc. 294, Int’l
or industry designation Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Bhd. of Teamsters
Warehousemen & Helpers
Omit all prepositional
Radio & Television Broadcast
phrases of location, Radio & TV Broad.
Engineers of America v Howard
including those national Eng’rs v Tom
Tom
or larger
Use widely recognized
abbreviations (as cited United Auto Workers v Tom Stern UAW v Stern
in Appendix D)

___________________________________________________________
More The following are more examples that represent the Union Name rule and its
Examples: exceptions.
Given: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Chauffeurs, Teamsters and
Helpers Union
No. 414, International Brotherhood of Teamsters
Type: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v Chauffeurs Union No. 414

Given: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Chauffeurs, Teamsters & Helpers

Union No. 414
Type: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v Chauffeurs Union No. 414

(In both of the above examples, “Chauffeurs,” “Teamsters,” and “Helpers”

constitute three separate industry designations – as a result, only
“Chauffeurs” is kept.)

Given: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. International Brotherhood of

Chauffeurs,
Teamsters and Helpers Local Union 414
Type: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v Int'l Bhd. of Chauffeurs Loc.
Union 414

Given: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. International Brotherhood of

Chauffeurs, AFL-CIO, Local 414
Type: Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v Int'l Bhd. of Chauffeurs, Loc.
414

Given: International Union of Doll & Toy Workers v. Local 379

Type: Int'l Union of Doll & Toy Workers v Loc. 379

57
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: Local 715, United Rubber Workers, Cork Workers, Linoleum

Workers & Plastic Workers v. Smith
Type: Loc. 715, United Rubber Workers v Smith

Given: Local 715, United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum & Plastic Workers v.
Smith
Type: Loc. 715, United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum & Plastic Workers
v Smith

Note: The “United Rubber, Cork, Linoleum & Plastic Workers” constitutes one full
industry designation rather than four separate industry designations (as
illustrated by the example at the top of the page).

________________________________________________________________

5.17 Unnamed Parties & Pseudonyms

________________________________________________________________
General When a party is unnamed or the last name is not provided, usually to protect the
Rule: privacy of the individual, pick up the term given in the case name to indicate that
the name was purposely not provided.

Given: Robert Kerry Pistner, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Unnamed Defendants

Type: Pistner v Unnamed Defendants

Given: ARKINE FRESQUEZ, Plaintiff, vs. UNKNOWN, Defendant

Type: Fresquez v Unknown

Given: ARKINE RAMIRO GARZA, Petitioner, v. UNNAMED,

Respondent
Type: Garza v Unnamed

Note: Do not omit first names or initials when a party’s surname is not provided.

Given: Eugene P. Harrison, aka Eugene Paul Harrison, Evangelist,

Plaintiff, vs. Assistant Manager John NLN; and Co Manager
Chris NLN, Defendants.
Type: Harrison v. John NLN

_____________________________________________________
General When a party is identified by a pseudonym, treat the pseudonym as a proper
Rule: name.
Given: Jane Roe, Plaintiff, v. Henry Wade, Defendant
Type: Roe v Wade

Note: When dealing with multiple parties identified by pseudonyms, pick up the given
pseudonym as a singular proper name. Do not include a number as part of the
name.

Given: John Does 1-10, Plaintiffs v. Universal Classics Group

Type: Doe v Universal Classics Grp.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

General When the term “(Anonymous)” accompanies a juvenile party name from a New
York court, retain the term “(Anonymous)”.

Rule: Given: In the Matter of Tali W., (Anonymous)

Type: In re Tali W. (Anonymous)

5.18 Washington “In re” Case Names

Retain phrases that describe the type of legal action within Washington “In re” case names.

Given: In re the Personal Restraint Petition of ALLAN PARMELEE, Petitioner.

Type: In re Pers. Restraint of Parmelee.

Given: In re the Personal Restraint Petition of RAI GOULSBY, Petitioner, STATE OF

WASHINGTON, DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, Respondent, v. RAI GOULSBY,
Petitioner.
Type: Dep’t of Corr. v. Goulsby (In re Pers. Restraint of Goulsby)

Additional Examples

In re Estate of Roberts
In re Marriage of Williams
In re Det. of Jones
In re Pers. Restraint of Peters
In re Disciplinary Proceeding Against Weber
In re Custody of Bradford

5.19 Worker’s Compensation

________________________________________________________________
General A personal name or a business name following “Workers’ Compensation Appeal
Board”
Rule: is kept.

Given: National Minerals Co. v. Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board

(Bernard Thomas)
Type: Nat'l Mins. Co. v Workers’ Comp. Appeals Bd. (Thomas)

Given: Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board (Shell Oil Co.) v.

Intrastate
Trucking Corp.
Type: Workers’ Comp. Appeals Bd. (Shell Oil Co.) v Intrastate
Trucking Corp.

Given: State Compensation Ins. Fund v. Workers’ Compensation

Appeals

59
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Board of the State of California, Kelley Stephenson,

Respondents
Type: State Comp. Ins. Fund v Workers’ Comp. Appeals Bd.
(Stephenson)
___________________________________________________________
General The first word of the party in parentheses may be abbreviated, even though it is
Rule: considered a separate party.

Given: Gary Daly v. Workers’ Compensation Appeals Bd. (Pennsylvania

Memorial Home)
Type: Daly v Workers’ Comp. Appeals Bd. (Pa. Mem’l Home)
___________________________________________________________
General If “Workers’ Compensation Appeals Bd.” is abbreviated as “WCAB,” spell it out in
Rule: its entirety.
________________________________________________________________

6 ABBREVIATIONS
________________________________________________________________
Overview: This chapter deals with the rules applied to abbreviations – this includes
acronyms, directional terms, and other miscellaneous terms.
________________________________________________________________
In this This chapter is divided into three sections.
Chapter:

Section Description Page

6.1 General Rules 51
● Acronyms 51
● Hyphenated Words 51
● Plurals 52
● Symbols 52
6.2 Geographical Phrases and Abbreviations 53
● “United States” 53
● “North,” “South,” “East,” “West” 53
6.3 Miscellaneous Abbreviation Rules 54
● Railroads 54
● “Saint” 55
● Commissioner of Internal
55
Revenue/C.I.R.
● Foreign Words 55

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

6.1 General Rules

________________________________________________________________
General Abbreviate only those words listed in Appendix A, B, C, D, or E. Spell out words
Rule: that we do not abbreviate if you know what they are.

Examples: “Curr.” is “Currency”, “Hwy” is “Highway”, etc.

________________________________________________________________

6.1.1 Acronyms
________________________________________________________________
General For Acronyms in Appendix D use the abbreviated form wherever and however
Rule: the word or phrase appears in the case name.

Given: Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Capone

Type: FBI v Capone
___________________________________________________________
General For the purposes of applying the “One Word Rule” (see Section 4.1.2), acronyms
Rule: are treated as multiple words. Prepositional phrases of location should be
omitted.

Given: MADD of Western New York v. Jonathon Emmy

Type: MADD v Emmy
___________________________________________________________
General If the abbreviated form appears in lower case, capitalize the acronym.
Rule:
Given: Amtrak v. Amoco
Type: AMTRAK v AMOCO
___________________________________________________________
General Omit acronyms that are included in a case name in parentheses and are not
Rule: accounted for in Appendix D.

Given: School District of Ypsilanti v. Ypsilanti Support Staff Association

(YSSA)
Type: Sch. Dist. v Ypsilanti Support Staff Ass’n

But, Given: National Passenger Railroad Corporation (AMTRAK) v. Jones

Type: AMTRAK v Jones
________________________________________________________________

6.1.2 Hyphenated Words

________________________________________________________________
General Do not use standard abbreviations with words that are hyphenated or slashed.
Rule: These word combinations are treated as one word.

Given: Smith Company-Gear Division v. Peters

Type: Smith Company-Gear Div. v Peters
________________________________________________________________

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6.1.3 Plurals
________________________________________________________________
General Plurals of abbreviations with periods are formed by adding the letter “s” inside the
Rule: period.

Example: The abbreviation for “Associates” is “Assocs.”

Exceptions: The following words do not have an “s” added inside the period.

Aeronautics Aero. Resources Res.

Athletics Ath. Schools Sch.
Businesses Bus. Securities Sec.
Corrections Corr. Societies Socies.
Economics Econ. Steamships S.S.
Industries Indus. Systems Sys.
Railroads R.R. Territories Ters.

More The following plurals are not abbreviated at all.

Exceptions:
Televisions
Theologies
___________________________________________________________
General Plurals of abbreviations with apostrophes are formed by adding the letter “s” to
Rule: the abbreviation.

Example: The abbreviation for “Engineers” is “Eng’rs”

___________________________________________________________
General Do not abbreviate possessive plurals.
Rule:
Given: National Employees’ Trust Fund v. Smith
Type: Nat'l Employees’ Trust Fund v Smith
________________________________________________________________

6.1.4 Symbols
________________________________________________________________
General Symbols such as “$” or “#” should be left exactly as they appear in a case name
– do
Rule: not spell out a term represented by a symbol, and do not abbreviate the term with
a symbol if it appears spelled out.

Given: Jim Monagan v. $1,000,000 in U.S. Currency

Type: Monagan v $1,000,000 in United States Currency

Given: In re School Dist. #4

Type: In re Sch. Dist. #4

But, Given: Greg Clausen v. 1,000,000 Dollars in U.S. Currency

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Type: Clausen v 1,000,000 Dollars in United States Currency

Change an upper case symbol to lower case if appropriate:

Given: UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff, v. JULIO CESAR

LLORET-RODRĺGUEZ, Defendant
Type: United States v. Lloret-Rodríguez

Exception: The term “and” is always abbreviated with an ampersand (“&”).

Given: Penn and Teller v. David Copperfield

Type: Penn & Teller v Copperfield

General Omit any space given between a symbol and a corresponding numeral.
Rule:
Given: Lovejoy Enterprises v. Local # 123, International Brotherhood of
Teamsters
Type: Lovejoy Enters. v Loc. #123, Int’l Bhd. of Teamsters

Exception: A # symbol at the beginning of the name will cause the Short Case Name GUI to
not open. Modify the full name temporarily by removing the # symbol from the
long name.  After making the correction to the Short name add the # symbol back
to the full name.

                              Given: #1 Fan Company, LLC v Pepco Licensed Products, Inc.

                              Type: #1 Fan Co., LLC v Pepco Licensed Prods.
________________________________________________________________

6.2 Geographical Phrases and Abbreviations

________________________________________________________________
General Abbreviate Geographical Phrases as listed in Appendix B and as modified by the
Rule: following rules.

Note: Per Rule 4.1.2 and Rule 4.3, if geographical terms listed in Appendix B are
considered the named party, they are not abbreviated.
________________________________________________________________

6.2.1 “United States”

________________________________________________________________
Government: Any variation of “United States” (“USA,” “US,” “United States Government,”
“United States of America”) is spelled out as “United States” when associated
with the United States Government.

Given: US Postal Service v. Greenbough

Type: United States Postal Serv. v Greenbough

Given: United States of America v. Smithereen

Type: United States v Smithereen

Business Pick up “U.S.” or “U.S.A.” (or “USA”) within business names as they appear on
Names: LEXIS. If they are abbreviated, type them that way, even if they are the first word
in the party name.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: U.S. Steel v. Chevron, U.S.A., Incorporated

Type: U.S. Steel v Chevron, U.S.A., Inc.
________________________________________________________________

6.2.2 “North,” “South,” “East,” “West”

________________________________________________________________
General Abbreviate “North,” “South,” “East,” and “West” and their derivations (“Northern,”
etc.)
Rule: before the names of cities, villages, regions, or other locations (i.e., when they
modify a specific geographical location name).

Given: New York Telephone Company v. Town of North Hempstead

Type: N.Y. Tel. Co. v Town of N. Hempstead

Given: Henri Hernandez, individually and as legal representative of the

estate of Eva Hernandez and Ramon Arismende, individually
and as legal representative of the estate of Eva Hernandez,
Appellants v. Norinco Northern China Industries, Inc., et al.,
Appellees
Type: Hernandez v Norinco N. China Indus.

Given: STEVE J. ROONEY, Appellant, v. SKEET'R BEAT'R OF

SOUTHWEST FLORIDA, INC., and SCREEN AMERICA
CORPORATION, Appellees.
Type: Rooney v Skeet'r Beat'r of Sw. Fla., Inc.

If the term does not modify a location and is not directional in nature (i.e., it
appears as a non-functional portion of the party name), leave these words
spelled out in full:

Given: U.S. WEST International v. U.S. East Telecommunications

Type: U.S. WEST Int’l v U.S. East Telecomms.

Given: Best Western Inns v. Ernest King

Type: Best Western Inns v King

Given: RICHARD and DEBRA KAY JANSEN, Plaintiffs v. NORTHERN

VISIONS, INC., Defendant
Type: Jansen v Northern Visions, Inc.

Note: This rule does not apply to terms such as “Atlantic,” “Central,” and “Pacific,”
which may be abbreviated normally.
________________________________________________________________

6.3 Miscellaneous Abbreviation Rules

________________________________________________________________

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

6.3.1 Railroads
________________________________________________________________
6.3.1.1 General Rule

Abbreviate railroad case names in accordance with the “Examples of Railroad

Abbreviations” in Appendix C.

If the railroad name that you are looking for does not appear within the list, treat it
as a business name and abbreviate all given words according to their recognized
standard abbreviations. Apply Rule 6.2.2 (“North, South, East, West”) to all
directional terms – per this rule, directional terms that do not modify a location
name should not be abbreviated (“Central” and “Pacific” may be abbreviated
normally).
________________________________________________________________

6.3.1.2 Examples

Given: Salt Lake City Electric Railway v. Chicago and Eastern Illinois
Railroad
Type: Salt Lake City Elec. Ry. v Chi. & E. Ill. R.R.

Given: Great Northern Railway Company v. Missouri Pacific Railway

Company
Type: Great Northern Ry. v Mo. Pac. Ry.

Given: St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad v. Atchison, Topeka &
Santa Fe Railway
Type: St. Louis & S.F. R.R. v Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry.

(Note the abbreviation of “Chicago” and “San Francisco” in the examples above –
some large cities have standard abbreviations. These can be found in Appendix
B.)
________________________________________________________________
6.3.1.3 “Company” in Railroad Case Names

General In referring to a railroad company, omit “Co.” unless the full party name given by
Rule: LEXIS is simply “Railroad Co.”
________________________________________________________________

6.3.2 “Saint”
________________________________________________________________
Geographical Abbreviate “Saint” to “St.” within geographical terms.
Terms:
Given: Joseph Smith v. Saint Louis Police Department
Type: Smith v St. Louis Police Dep’t

Businesses/ In all other situations, conform the case name to the primary source.
Personal
Names: Given: Will Goodrich v. Al St. John
Type: Goodrich v St. John

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Given: Saint Peter’s Church v. City of Chillicothe

Type: Saint Peter’s Church v City of Chillicothe

Given: St. Peter’s Church v. City of Chillicothe

Type: St. Peter’s Church v City of Chillicothe
________________________________________________________________

6.3.3 Commissioner of Internal Revenue/C.I.R.

________________________________________________________________
General Cite simply as “Comm'r” (abbreviated according to Appendices A and D).
Rule:
Given: Francis Tarkenton v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue
Type: Tarkenton v Comm'r

Given: Francis Tarkenton v. C.I.R.

Type: Tarkenton v Comm'r

But, Given: Smitty v. Commissioner of Finance

Type: Smitty v Comm'r of Fin.
________________________________________________________________

6.3.4 Foreign Words

________________________________________________________________
General Do not abbreviate foreign words.
Rule:
Given: Eurodisney Internationale v. Jones
Type: Eurodisney Internationale v Jones
________________________________________________________________

6.3.5 Products Liability Litigation

________________________________________________________________
Non-Versus
Rule:
Given: In re: C. R. Bard, Inc., Pelvic Repair System Products Liability
Litigation; This Document Relates To C. R. Bard Wave 4 & Wave
5 Cases Before Judge Goodwin
Type: In re C.R. Bard, Inc., Pelvic Repair Sys. Prods. Liab. Litig.
________________________________________________________________
Combination
Rule:
Given: In re: C.R. Bard, Inc., Pelvic Repair System Products Liability
Litigation;
This Document Relates To: Mull et al. v. C. R. Bard, Inc.
Type: Mull v. C.R. Bard, Inc. (In re C.R. Bard, Inc., Pelvic Repair Sys.
Prods.
Liab. Litig.)
________________________________________________________________

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Abbreviate these words in accordance with standing rules when they appear in a case
name. Note: British variant spellings of the words listed may also be abbreviated.

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

A  
Academ[ic, y] Acad.
Accessor[y, ies] Access.
Account[ant, ing, ancy] Acct.
Administration Admin.
Administrative Admin.
Administrator Adm’r
Administratrix Adm’x
Advertising Adver.
Advoca[te, cy] Advoc.
Aeronautics Aero.
Aerospace Aero.
Affair Aff.
Africa[n] Afr.
Agricultural Agric.
Agriculture Agric.
Alliance All.
Alternative Alt.
America Am.
America, United States of United States
American Am.
Ancestry Anc.
And &
Annual Ann.
Apartment Apt.
Appellate App.
Arbitrat[ion, or] Arb.
Artificial Intelligence A.I.
Associate Assoc.
Association Ass’n
Assurance Assur.
Athletic Ath.
Athletics Ath.
Atlantic Atl.
Attorney Atty.
Authority Auth.
Automobile Auto.
Automotive Auto.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Auxiliary Aux.
Avenue Ave.
   
B  
Bankruptcy Bankr.
Behavior[al] Behav.
Benefi[t, cial] Ben.
Beverage Bev.
Board Bd.
British Brit.
Broadcast[er] Broad.
Broadcasting Broad.
Boulevard Blvd.
Brotherhood Bhd.
Brothers Bros.
Building Bldg.
Bulletin Bull.
Business[es] Bus.
   
C  
Capital Cap.
Casualt[y, ies] Cas.
Catholic Cath.
Center Ctr.
Chartered Chtd.
Central Cent.
Centre Ctr.
Chemical Chem.
Children Child.
Children’s Child.’s
Chronicle Chron.
Circuit Cir.
Civil Civ.
Civil Libert[y, ies] C.L.
Civil Rights C.R.
C.I.R. Comm’r
Coalition Coal.
College Coll.
Commentary Comment.
Commission Comm’n
Commissioner Comm’r
Commissioner of Internal Revenue Comm’r
Committee Comm.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Communication Commc’n
Community Cmty.
Company Co.
Comparative Compar.
Compensation Comp.
Computer Comput.
Condominium Condo.
Conference Conf.
Congress[ional] Cong.
Consolidated Consol.
Constitution[al] Const.
Construction Constr.
Contemporary Contemp.
Continental Cont'l
Contract Cont.
Contracting Contr.
Contractor Contr.
Conveyance[r] Conv.
Cooperat[ion, ive] Coop.
Corporate Corp.
Corporation Corp.
Correction[s, al] Corr.
Cosmetic Cosm.
Counsel[or, ors, or’s] Couns.
County Cnty.
Court Ct.
Criminal Crim.
   
D  
Defen[d, der, se] Def.
Delinquen[t, cy] Delinq.
Department Dep’t
Detention Det.
Develop[er, ment] Dev.
Developing Dev.
Digest Dig.
Digital Digit.
Diplomacy Dipl.
Director Dir.
Discount Disc.
Dispute Disp.
Distributing Distrib.
Distribution Distrib.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Distributor Distrib.
Distributorship Distrib.
District Dist.
Division Div.
Doctor Dr.
   
E  
East E.
Eastern E.
Economic[s] Econ.
Economical Econ.
Economy Econ.
Editor[ial] Ed.
Education Educ.
Educational Educ.
Electric Elec.
Electrical Elec.
Electricity Elec.
Electronic Elec.
Elementary Elem.
Employee Emp.
Employer Emp.
Employment Emp.
Enforcement Enf’t
Engineer Eng’r
Engineering Eng’g
English Eng.
Enterprise Enter.
Entertainment Ent.
Environment Env’t
Environmental Env’t
Equality Equal.
Equipment Equip.
Estate Est.
Europe[an] Eur.
Examiner Exam’r
Exchange Exch.
Executive Exec.
Executor Ex’r
Executrix Ex’x
Explorat[ion, ory] Expl.
Export[er, ation] Exp.
   

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

F  
Faculty Fac.
Family Fam.
Federal Fed.
Federation Fed’n
Fidelity Fid.
Finance Fin.
Financial Fin.
Financing Fin.
Fortnightly Fort.
Forum F.
Foundation Found.
   
G  
Gender Gend.
General Gen.
Global Glob.
Government Gov’t
Grievance Griev.
Group Grp.
Guarantee Guar.
Guarant[y, or] Guar.
   
H  
Hispanic Hisp.
Histor[y, ical] Hist.
Hospital Hosp.
Hospitality Hosp.
Housing Hous.
Human Hum.
Humanity Human.
Humanities Humans.
   
I  
Immigration Immigr.
Import[er, ation] Imp.
Imports Imps.
Incorporated Inc.
Indemnity Indem.
Independen[ce, t] Indep.
Indust[rial, ries, ry] Indus.
Inequality Ineq.
Information Info.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Injury Inj.
Inspection Insp.
Institute Inst.
Institution Inst.
Insurance Ins.
Intellectual Intell.
Intelligence Intel.
Interdisciplinary Interdisc.
Interest Int.
International Int’l
Invest[ment] Inv.
Investor Inv.
   
J
Journal[s] J.
Judicial Jud.
Juridicial Jurid.
Jurisprudence Juris.
Justice Just.
Juvenile Juv.

L  
Labor Lab.
Laboratories Lab’ys
Laboratory Lab’y
Law[s] L.
Law (first word) Law
Lawyer Law.
Lawyer’s Law.’s
Lawyers’ Law.s’
Legislative Legis.
Legislature Legis.
Legislation Legis.
Liability Liab.
Librar[y, ian] Libr.
Limited Ltd.
Lithograph Litho.
Lithographic Litho.
Lithographing Litho.
Lithography Litho.
Litigation Litig.
Local Loc.
   

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

M  
Machine Mach.
Machinery Mach.
Maintenance Maint.
Management Mgmt.
Manufacture[r] Mfr.
Manufacturers Mfrs.
Manufacturing Mfg.
Maritime Mar.
Market Mkt.
Marketing Mktg.
Matrimonial Matrim.
Mechanic[al] Mech.
Medic[al, inal] Med.
Medicine Med.
Membership Mbrshp.
Memorial Mem’l
Merchan[t, dise, dising] Merch.
Metropolitan Metro.
Military Mil.
Mineral Min.
Miscellaneous Misc.
Modern Mod.
Mortgage Mortg.
Mountain Mt.
Municipal[ity] Mun.
Mutual Mut.
   
N  
National Nat’l
Nationality Nat’y
Natural Nat.
Negligence Negl.
Negotiat[ion, or] Negot.
Newsletter Newsl.
North N.
Northern N.
Northeast[ern] Ne.
Northwest[ern] Nw.
Number No.
   
O  
Offic[e, ial] Off.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Opinion Op.
Order Ord.
Organization Org.
Organizing Org.
P  
Pacific Pac.
Parish Par.
Partnership P'ship
Patent Pat.
Person[al, nel] Pers.
Perspective Persp.
Petroleum Petro.
Pharmaceutical Pharm.
Pharmaceutics Pharms.
Pharmacy Pharm.
Philosoph[ical, y] Phil.
Planning Plan.
Policy Pol’y
Politic[al, s] Pol.
Practi[cal, ce, tioner] Prac.
Preserv[e, ation] Pres.
Priva[cy, te] Priv.
Probat[e, ion] Prob.
Problems Probs.
Proce[edings, dure] Proc.
Product Prod.
Production Prod.
Profession[al] Pro.
Property Prop.
Protection Prot.
Psycholog[ical, ist, y] Psych.
Public Pub.
Publication Publ'n
Publisher Publr.
Publishing Publ’g
   
Q
Quarterly Q.

R  
Railroad R.R.
Railroads R.R.
Railway Ry.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Record Rec.
Recreation Rec.
Recreational Rec.
Referee Ref.
Refin[ing, ement] Refin.
Regulat[ion, or, ory] Regul.
Regional Reg’l
Rehabilitat[ion, ive] Rehab.
Relation Rel.
Report[er] Rep.
Reproduction Reprod.
Reproductive Reprod.
Research Rsch.
Reserv[ation, e] Rsrv.
Resolution Resol.
Resource[s] Res.
Responsibility Resp.
Restaurant Rest.
Retirement Ret.
Review, Revista Rev.
Rights Rts.
Road Rd.
   
S  
Savings Sav.
School Sch.
Schools Sch.
Scien[ce, tific] Sci.
Scottish Scot.
Secretaries Sec'ys
Secretary Sec'y
Securities Sec.
Security Sec.
Sentencing Sent’g
Service Serv.
Shareholder, Stockholder S'holder
Societies Socies.
Social Soc.
Society Soc’y
Sociolog[ical, y] Socio.
Solicitor Solic.
Solicitor’s Solic.’s
Solicitors’ Solic.s’

76
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

Solution Sol.
South S.
Southeast[ern] Se.
Southern S.
Southwest[ern] Sw.
Statistic[s, al] Stat.
Steamship S.S.
Steamships S.S.
Standard Std.
Street St.
Studies Stud.
Subcommittee Subcomm.
Supreme Court Sup. Ct.
Surety Sur.
Survey Surv.
Symposium Symp.
System Sys.
Systems Sys.
   
T  
Taxation Tax’n
Teacher Tchr.
Techn[ical, ique] Tech.
Technolog[y, ical] Tech.
Technologies Techs.
Telecommunication Telecomm.
Telegraph Tel.
Telephone Tel.
Television TV
Temporary Temp.
Territories Ters.
Territorial Terr.
Territory Terr.
Theology Theol.
Theological Theol.
Township Twp.
Transcontinental Transcon.
Transnational Transnat’l
Transport Transp.
Transportation Transp.
Tribune Trib.
Trustee Tr.
Turnpike Tpk.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix A—Abbreviations
Full Word Abbreviation

   
U  
Uniform Unif.
United States United States
United States of America United States
University Univ.
Urban Urb.
Utility Util.
   
V  
Village Vill.
Vocational Voc.
   
W  
Week Wk.
Weekly Wkly.
West W.
Western W.

Y
Yearbook (or Year Book) Y.B.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Per Rule 4.1.2 and Rule 4.3, if geographical terms listed in Appendix B are considered the
named party, they are not abbreviated. Otherwise, abbreviate them as shown on the
following pages.

Appendix B—United States: States, Cities and Territories

Full Word Abbreviation
Alabama Ala.
Alaska Alaska
American Samoa Am. Sam.
Arizona Ariz.
Arkansas Ark.
Baltimore Balt.
Boston Bos.
California Cal.
Canal Zone C.Z.
Chicago Chi.
Colorado Colo.
Connecticut Conn.
Dallas Dall.
Delaware Del.
District of Columbia D.C.
Florida Fla.
Georgia Ga.
Guam Guam
Hawaii Haw.
Houston Hous.
Idaho Idaho
Illinois Ill.
Indiana Ind.
Iowa Iowa
Kansas Kan.
Kentucky Ky.
Los Angeles L.A.
Louisiana La.
Maine Me.
Maryland Md.
Massachusetts Mass.
Miami Mia.
Michigan Mich.
Minnesota Minn.
Mississippi Miss.
Missouri Mo.
Montana Mont.
Nebraska Neb.
Nevada Nev.

79
CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix B—United States: States, Cities and Territories

Full Word Abbreviation
New Hampshire N.H.
New Jersey N.J.
New Mexico N.M.
New York N.Y.
New York (City) N.Y.C.
North Carolina N.C.
North Dakota N.D.
Northern Mariana Islands N. Mar. I.
Ohio Ohio
Oklahoma Okla.
Oregon Or.
Pennsylvania Pa.
Philadelphia Phila.
Phoenix Phx.
Puerto Rico P.R.
Rhode Island R.I.
San Francisco S.F.
South Carolina S.C.
South Dakota S.D.
Tennessee Tenn.
Texas Tex.
Utah Utah
Vermont Vt.
Virgin Islands V.I.
Virginia Va.
Washington Wash.
West Virginia W. Va.
Wisconsin Wis.
Wyoming Wyo.

Foreign Countries

Appendix B—Foreign Countries (Australian States)

Australian States Abbreviations
Australian Capital Territory Austl. Cap. Terr.
New South Wales N.S.W.
Northern Territory N. Terr.
Queensland Queensl.
South Australia S. Austl.
Tasmania Tas.
Victoria Vict.
West Australia W. Austl.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix B—Foreign Countries (Canadian Provinces)

Canadian Provinces Abbreviations
Alberta Alta.
British Columbia B.C.
Manitoba Man.
New Brunswick N.B.
Newfoundland Nfld.
Northwest Territories N.W.T.
Nova Scotia N.S.
Nunavut Nun.
Ontario Ont.
Prince Edward Island P.E.I.
Quebec Que.
Saskatchewan Sask.
Yukon Yukon

Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Note: Foreign countries or regions that are marked with an asterisk are no longer in
existence, but have been included here for reference when dealing with older
cases.

Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

A  
Afghanistan Afg.
Africa Afr.
Albania Alb.
Algeria Alg.
Andorra Andorra
Angola Angl.
Anguilla Anguilla
Antarctica Antarctica
Antigua and Barbuda Ant. & Barb.
Argentina Arg.
Armenia Arm.
Asia Asia
Australia Austl.
Austria Austria
Azerbaijan Azer.
   
B  

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Bahamas Bah.
Bahrain Bahr.
Bangladesh Bangl.
Barbados Barb.
Belarus Belr.
Belgium Belg.
Belize Belize
Benin Benin
Bermuda Berm.
Bhutan Bhutan
Bolivia Bol.
Bosnia & Herzegovina Bosn. & Herz.
Botswana Bots.
Brazil Braz.
Brunei Brunei
Bulgaria Bulg.
Burkina Faso Burk. Faso
Burundi Burundi
Burma* Burma
   
C  
Cambodia Cambodia
Cameroon Cameroon
Canada Can.
Cape Verde Cape Verde
Cayman Islands Cayman Is.
Central African Republic Cent. Afr. Rep.
Chad Chad
Chile Chile
China, People’s Republic of China
Colombia Colom.
Commonwealth of Independent States* C.I.S.
Comoros Comoros
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Dem. Rep. Congo
Congo, Republic of the Congo
Costa Rica Costa Rica
Côte d’Ivoire Côte d’Ivoire
Croatia Croat.
Cuba Cuba
Cyprus Cyprus
Czech Republic Czech
Czechoslovakia* Czech.
   

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

D  
Denmark Den.
Djibouti Djib.
Dominican Republic Dom. Rep.
   
E  
Ecuador Ecuador
Egypt Egypt
El Salvador El Sal.
England Eng.
Equatorial Guinea Eq. Guinea
Eritrea Eri.
Estonia Est.
Ethiopia Eth.
Europe Eur.
   
F  
Falkland Islands Falkland Is.
Fiji Fiji
Finland Fin.
France Fr.
   
G  
Gabon Gabon
Gambia Gam.
Georgia Geor.
Germany Ger.
Germany, Democratic Republic of* G.D.R.
Germany, Federal Republic of F.R.G.
Ghana Ghana
Gibraltar Gib.
Great Britain Gr. Brit.
Greece Greece
Grenada Gren.
Guatemala Guat.
Guinea Guinea
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau
Guyana Guy.
   
H  
Haiti Haiti
Honduras Hond.
Hong Kong H.K.

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Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Hungary Hung.
   
I  
Iceland Ice.
India India
Indonesia Indon.
Iran Iran
Iraq Iraq
Ireland, Irish Ir.
Israel Isr.
Italy It.
   
J  
Jamaica Jam.
Japan Japan
Jordan Jordan
   
K  
Kazakhstan Kaz.
Kenya Kenya
Kiribati Kiribati
Korea, Republic of* Korea
Korea, North N. Kor.
Korea, South S. Kor.
Kosovo Kos.
Kuwait Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan Kyrg.
   
L  
Laos Laos
Latvia Lat.
Lebanon Leb.
Lesotho Lesotho
Liberia Liber.
Libya Libya
Liechtenstein Liech.
Lithuania Lith.
Luxembourg Lux.
   
M  
Macau Mac.
Macedonia Maced.
Madagascar Madag.

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Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Malawi Malawi
Malaysia Malay.
Maldives Maldives
Mali Mali
Malta Malta
Marshall Islands Marsh. Is.
Martinique Mart.
Mauritania Mauritania
Mauritius Mauritius
Micronesia Micr.
Mexico Mex.
Moldova Mold.
Monaco Monaco
Mongolia Mong.
Montenegro Montenegro
Montserrat Montserrat
Morocco Morocco
Mozambique Mozam.
Myanmar Myan.
   
N  
Namibia Namib.
Nauru Nauru
Nepal Nepal
Netherlands Neth.
New Zealand N.Z.
Nicaragua Nicar.
Niger Niger
Nigeria Nigeria
North America N. Am.
Northern Ireland N. Ir.
Norway Nor.
   
O  
Oman Oman
   
P  
Pakistan Pak.
Palau Palau
Panama Pan.
Papua New Guinea Papua N.G.
Paraguay Para.
Peru Peru

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Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Philippines Phil.
Pitcairn* Pitcairn
Pitcairn Island Pitcairn Is.
Poland Pol.
Portugal Port.
   
Q  
Qatar Qatar
   
R  
Reunion Reunion
Romania Rom.
Russia Russ.
Rwanda Rwanda
   
S  
St. Christopher (Kitts)-Nevis* St. Chris.-Nevis
St. Helena St. Helena
St. Kitts & Nevis St. Kitts & Nevis
St. Lucia St. Lucia
St. Vincent & the Grenadines St. Vincent
Samoa Samoa
San Marino San Marino
São Tomé and Principe São Tomé & Principe
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia
Scotland Scot.
Senegal Sen.
Serbia Serb.
Seychelles Sey.
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone
Singapore Sing.
Slovakia Slovk.
Slovenia Slovn.
Solomon Islands Solom Is.
Somalia Som.
South Africa S. Afr.
South America S. Am.
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands* S. Georg. & S. Sandwich Is.
Spain Spain
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
Sudan Sudan
Suriname Surin.
Swaziland Swaz.

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Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Sweden Swed.
Switzerland Switz.
Syria Syria
   
T  
Taiwan Taiwan
Tajikistan Taj.
Tanzania Tanz.
Thailand Thai.
Togo Togo
Tonga Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago Trin. & Tobago
Tunisia Tunis.
Turkey Turk.
Turkmenistan Turkm.
Turks and Caicos Islands Turks & Caicos Is.
Tuvalu Tuvalu
   
U  
Uganda Uganda
Ukraine Ukr.
United Arab Emirates U.A.E.
Uruguay Uru.
United Kingdom U.K.
Uzbekistan Uzb.
   
V  
Vanuatu Vanuatu
Vatican City State Vatican
Venezuela Venez.
Vietnam Viet.
Virgin Islands, British Virgin Is.
   
W  
Wales Wales
Western Samoa W. Samoa
   
Y  
Yemen Yemen
Yugoslavia Yugo.
   
Z  
Zaire Zaire

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Appendix B—Abbreviations of States and Foreign Countries

Foreign Countries and Regions Abbreviations

Zambia Zam.
Zimbabwe Zim.

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Appendix C—Railroad Abbreviations

Note: Many of these railroads no longer exist, but older cases may still contain these
names; in the event that you encounter a railroad name as a party, abbreviate it in
accordance with Rule 6.3.1

Appendix C—Railroad Abbreviations

Railroad Abbreviation

A  
Akron, Canton & Youngstown Railroad Akron, Canton & Youngstown R.R.
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry.
Atlantic City Rail Road Company Atl. City R.R.
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Atl. Coast Line R.R.
   
B  
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad B & O R.R.
Boston and Maine Railroad Company Boston & Me. R.R.
Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen Bhd. of R.R. Trainmen
Burlington & Santa Fe Railway Burlington & Santa Fe Ry.
Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Ry.
Company
Burlington Northern Railroad Company Burlington Northern R.R.
Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway Burlington Northern Santa Fe Ry.
Company
   
C  
Central of Georgia Railway Cent. of Ga. Ry.
Central Pacific Railway Cent. Pac. Ry.
Central Passenger Railroad Company Cent. Passenger R.R.
Central Railroad Cent. R.R.
Central Railroad and Banking Company Cent. R.R. & Banking Co.
Central Vermont Railway Cent. Vt. Ry.
Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Chesapeake & Ohio Ry.
Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Chi., Burlington & Quincy R.R.
Chicago Great Western Railway Chi. Great Western Ry.
Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Chi., Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry.
Chicago and North Western Railway Chi. & North Western Ry.
Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway Chi., Rock Island & Pac. Ry.
   
D  
Denver and Rio Grande Railway Denver & Rio Grande Ry.
Dubuque and Pacific Railroad Dubuque & Pac. R.R.
   
E  
Eastern Railroad Association Eastern R.R. Ass’n
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference Eastern R.R. Presidents Conference

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Appendix C—Railroad Abbreviations

Railroad Abbreviation

Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Ry.
Erie Railroad Erie R.R.
   
F  
Florida East Coast Railway Company Fla. E. Coast Ry.
Fort Worth and Denver City Railway Fort Worth & Denver City Ry.
   
G  
Georgia Railroad Bank and Trust Co. Ga. R.R. Bank & Trust Co.
Georgia Railroad and Banking Company Ga. R.R. & Banking Co.
Gettysburg Electric Railway Gettysburg Elec. Ry.
Railroad Abbreviation
G  
Grand Trunk Railway Grand Trunk Ry.
Great Northern Railway Company Great Northern Ry.
Great Western Railway Great Western Ry.
   
H  
Houston, East and West Texas Railway Houston, E. & W. Tex. Ry.
   
I  
Illinois Central Railroad Company Ill. Cent. R.R.
   
J  
Jamaica Lodge 2188 of the Brotherhood of Jam. Lodge 2188 of the Bhd. of Ry. & S.S.
Railway and Steamship Clerks Clerks
   
L  
Lehigh and New England Railway Lehigh and New England Ry.
Lehigh Valley Railroad Company Lehigh Valley R.R.
Long Island Railroad Long Island R.R.
Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company Louisville & Nashville R.R.
   
M  
Maine Central Railroad Me. Cent. R.R.
Mexican National Railroad Mexican Nat’l R.R.
Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Milwaukee & St. Paul Ry.
Minnesota Railway Transfer Company Minn. Ry. Transfer Co.
Minnesota Transfer Railway Minn. Transfer Ry.
Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railway Mo., Kan. & Tex. Ry.
Missouri Pacific Railroad Company Mo. Pac. R.R.
Missouri Pacific Railway Company Mo. Pac. Ry.
   

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Appendix C—Railroad Abbreviations

Railroad Abbreviation

N  
National Association of Railroad Passengers Nat'l Ass’n of R.R. Passengers
New Mexico and Southern Pacific Railroad N.M. & S. Pac. R.R.
New York Central and Hudson River Railroad N.Y. Cent. & Hudson River R.R.
Company
New York Central Railroad N.Y. Cent. R.R.
Norfolk & Southern Railway Company Norfolk & Southern Ry.
Norfolk & Western Railway Norfolk & Western Ry.
Norfolk Southern Railway Company Norfolk Southern Ry.
National Association of Railroad Passengers Nat'l Ass’n of R.R. Passengers
   
P  
Panhandle and Santa Fe Railway Company Panhandle & Santa Fe Ry.
Pennsylvania Railroad Penn. R.R.
Phoenix Railway Phoenix Ry.
Philadelphia and Reading Railway Company Phila. & Reading Ry.
   
R  
Railway Express Agency Ry. Express Agency
Railroad Abbreviation
S  
St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad St. Louis & S.F. R.R.
St. Louis and Southwestern Railway St. Louis & Southwestern Ry.
Santa Fe Pacific Railway Santa Fe Pac. Ry.
Schenectady Railway Schenectady Ry.
Seaboard Air Line Railway Seaboard Air Line Ry.
Seaboard Coastline Railroad Seaboard Coastline R.R.
South Buffalo Railway S. Buffalo Ry.
Southern Pacific Railroad S. Pac. R.R.
Southern Railway Company Southern Ry.
   
T  
Terminal Railway Terminal Ry.
Texas and New Orleans Railroad Tex. & New Orleans R.R.
Texas and Pacific Railway Tex. & Pac. Ry.
   
U  
Union Pacific Railroad Union Pac. R.R.
United States Railroad Retirement Board United States RRB
   
W  
Wabash Railroad Wabash R.R.
West End Street Railway West End St. Ry.

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Appendix C—Railroad Abbreviations

Railroad Abbreviation

Western Railway Western Ry.

Wheeling Bridge and Terminal Railway Wheeling Bridge & Terminal Ry.
Winona and Saint Peter Railroad Company Winona & St. Peter R.R.

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Appendix D—Acronyms
The following abbreviations are used whenever and wherever they appear in a party name.

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

A  
AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power ACT UP
Administration on Aging AOA
Air Force A.F.
Air Force Base AFB
Alcoholics Anonymous AA
Aluminum Company of America ALCOA
American Association of Retired Persons AARP
American Automobile Association AAA
American Bar Association A.B.A.
American Broadcasting Companies ABC
American Civil Liberties Union ACLU
American Dental Association ADA
American Federation of Government AFGE
Employees
American Federation of Labor AFL
American Federation of Labor and Congress AFL-CIO
of Industrial Organizations
American Federation of State, County and AFSCME
Municipal Employees
American Federation of Teachers AFT
American Hospital Association AHA
American Institute of Certified Public AICPA
Accountants
[Journal of the] American Medical Association [J]AMA
American Law Institue A.L.I.
American Intellectual Property Law AIPLA
Association
American Motors Corporation AMC
American Oil Company AMOCO
American Petroleum Institute API
American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty ASPCA
to Animals
American Society of Composers, Authors and ASCAP
Publishers
American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME

American Stock Exchange AMEX

American Telephone and Telegraph AT&T
American Veteran(s) of World War II AMVET(S)

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

Associated Press AP
Associated Press International API
Association of Community Organizations for ACORN
Reform Now
Atomic Energy Commission AEC
Attorney General AG
   
B  
Badische Anilin & Soda-Fabrik BASF
Board of Contract Appeals BCA
Boy Scouts of America BSA
British Broadcasting Corporation BBC
British Petroleum (Company) BP
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms BATF
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and BATFE
Explosives
Bureau of Indian Affairs BIA
Bureau of Labor Statistics BLS
Bureau of Land Management BLM
Bureau of Motor Vehicles BMV
   
C  
Cable News Network CNN
Center(s) for Disease Control CDC
Central Intelligence Agency CIA
Certified Public Accountant CPA
C.I.R. Comm’r
Civil Aeronautics Board CAB
Columbia Broadcasting System CBS
Commissioner of Internal Revenue Comm’r
Commodity Futures Trading Commission CFTC
Congress of Industrial Organizations CIO
Consolidated Rail (Corporation) CONRAIL (Not for use in NJ citing documents.)
Consolidated Rail (Corporation) Consolidated Rail Corp. (For use in NJ citing
documents ONLY. See NJ exception for when use of
"Conrail" is permitted.)

Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere CARE

(, Inc.)
Credit Union National Association CUNA
   
D  
Daughters of the American Revolution DAR
Defense Contract Administration Services DCAS
Department of Commerce DOC

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

Department of Defense DOD

Department of Energy DOE
(Department of) Health, Education and HEW
Welfare
(Department of) Health and Human Services HHS

(Department of) Housing and Urban HUD

Development
Department of the Interior DOI
Department of Justice DOJ
Department of Labor DOL
Department of Motor Vehicles DMV
Department of Transportation DOT
Department of Veterans Affairs VA
Disabled American Veterans DAV
District Attorney DA
Division of Motor Vehicles DMV
Drug Enforcement Administration DEA
   
E  
Employee Stock Ownership Plan ESOP
Environmental Defense Fund EDF
Entertainment and Sports Programming ESPN
Network
Environmental Protection Agency EPA
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEOC

European Economic Community EEC

   
F  
Farmers Home Administration FMHA
Federal Aviation Administration FAA
Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI
Federal Communications Commission FCC
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FDIC
Federal Election Commission FEC
Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission FERC
Federal Highway Administration FHA
Federal Home Loan Bank Board FHLBB
Federal Housing Administration FHA
Federal Insurance Administration FIA
Federal Labor Relations Authority FLRA

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Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

Federal Maritime Commission FMC

Federal National Mortgage Association Fannie Mae
Federal Power Commission FPC
Federal Railroad Administration FRA
Federal Reserve Bank FRB
Federal Savings and Loan Insurance FSLIC
Corporation
Federal Savings Bank F.S.B.
Federal Trade Commission FTC
Food and Drug Administration FDA
Foreign Broadcast Information Service F.B.I.S.
Fraternal Order of Police FOP
   
G  
General Aniline & Film Corporation GAF
General Accounting Office GAO
General Electric (Company) GE
General Motors GM
General Motors Acceptance Corporation GMAC
General Motors Corporation GMC
General Services Administration GSA
Government National Mortgage Association Ginnie Mae

Government Printing Office GPO

Grand Old Party GOP
(The) Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company A&P
(,Inc.)
Guaranteed Student Loan GSL
   
H  
Health Maintenance Organization HMO
Home Box Office HBO
   
I  
Immigration and Naturalization Service INS
Internal Revenue Service IRS
International Brotherhood of Electric(al) IBEW
Workers
International Business Machines IBM
(Corporation)
International Criminal Police Organization Interpol
International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union ILGWU

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Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

International Telephone and Telegraph IT&T

(Corporation)
International Trade Administration ITA
International Trade Commission ITC
International Trade Organization ITO
Interstate Commerce Commission ICC
   
J  
Judge Advocate General[‘s] JAG
   
K  
Komitet GoRsudarstvennor Bezopasnosti KGB
Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij (,N.V.) KLM
(Royal Dutch Airlines)
(Invisible Empire)(Knights of the) Ku Klux Klan KKK

   
L  
Ladies Professional Golf Association LPGA
Lawyers Reports Annotated L.R.A.
League of United Latin American Citizens LULAC
Limited Liability Corporation (Company) LLC
   
M  
Merit Systems Protection Board MSPB
Metro Goldwyn Mayer (,Inc.) MGM
Metro Goldwyn Mayer/United Artists MGM/UA
(Communications Company)
Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority MARTA

Mine Safety and Health Administration MSHA

Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company 3M
(,Inc.)
Missing in Action MIA
Mothers Against Drunk Drivers MADD
   
N  
National Abortion Rights Action League NARAL
National Academy of Sciences NAS
National Aeronautics and Space NASA
Administration
National Association for Stock Car Auto NASCAR
Racing (,Inc.)

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

National Association for the Advancement of NAACP

Colored People
National Association of Government NAGE
Employees
National Association of Securities Dealers NASD
(, Inc.)  
National Basketball Association NBA
National Biscuit Company (,Inc.) NABISCO
National Broadcasting Company NBC
National Cash Register (Company) NCR
National Collegiate Athletic Association NCAA
National Credit Union Administration NCUA
National Endowment for the Humanities NEH
National Hockey League NHL
National Football League NFL
National Institute(s) of Health NIH
National Labor Relations Board NLRB
National Organization of/for Women NOW
National Passenger Railroad (Corporation) AMTRAK (Not for use in NJ citing documents. See NJ
exception for when use of "Amtrak" is permitted.)

National Passenger Railroad (Corporation) National R.R. Passenger Corp. (For use in NJ
citing documents ONLY.)
National Railroad Passenger (Corporation) AMTRAK (Not for use in NJ citing documents. See NJ
exception for when use of "Amtrak" is permitted.)

National Railroad Passenger (Corporation) National R.R. Passenger Corp. (For use in NJ
citing documents ONLY.)

National Rifle Association NRA

National Security Agency NSA
National Security Council NSC
National Science Foundation NSF
National Transportation Safety Board NTSB
Natural Resources Defense Council NRDC
North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO
Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC
   
O  
Occupational Safety and Health OSHA
Administration
Occupational Safety and Health Review OSHRC
Commission
Office of Management and Budget OMB
Office of Personnel Management OPM

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Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs OWCP

Organization of American States OAS

Organization of Petroleum Exporting OPEC
Countries
   
P  
Pacific Gas and Electric (Company) PG&E
Palestine Liberation Organization PLO
Pan American (World) Airways (,Inc.) PAN AM
Parent Teachers’ Association PTA
Patent and Trademark Office PTO
People United in Saving Humanity PUSH
Political Action Committee PAC
Prisoner of War POW
Procter & Gamble Company (,Inc.) P&G
Professional Golfers’ Association PGA
Public Broadcasting System PBS
Public Utility[ies] Commission PUC
   
R  
Radio Corporation of America RCA
Railroad Retirement Board RRB
Rapid Transit Authority RTA
Reserve Officers’ Training Corps. ROTC
Resolution Trust Corporation RTC
   
S  
Savings and Loan (s) S&L(s)
Securities and Exchange Commission SEC
Service Employees International Union (,Inc.) SEIU
Small Business Administration SBA

Social Security Administration SSA

Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to SPCA
Animals
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization SEATO

Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation SEPTA

Authority
Southern Christian Leadership Conference SCLC

Special Weapons and Tactics (Team) SWAT

Standard Oil (Company) of Ohio (Inc.) SOHIO

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

Strategic Air Command SAC

Student Loan Marketing Association Sallie Mae
   
T  
Tennessee Valley Authority TVA
Trans World Airlines (,Inc.) TWA
   
U  
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics USSR
United Artists UA
United Auto Workers (of America) UAW
United Automobile, Aerospace & Agricultural UAW
Implement Workers (of America)
United Farm Workers (of America) UFW

United Food and Commercial Workers’ Union UFCW

United Mine Workers (of America) UMW

United Nations UN
United Nations International Children’s UNICEF
Emergency Fund
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and UNESCO
Cultural Organization
United Nations Industrial Development UNIDO
Organization
United Negro College Fund UNCF

United Parcel Service (,Inc.) UPS

United Press International (,Inc.) UPI
United States Department of Veteran’s Affairs VA
United Steel Workers (of America) USW

   
V  
Veterans Administration VA
V.A. Hospital VAH
Veterans Administration Hospital VAH
Veterans of Foreign Wars VFW
Voice of America VOA
Volunteers in Service to America VISTA
   
W  
Women’s Army Corps WAC

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix D—Acronyms
Full Word Abbreviation

World Health Organization WHO

World Wildlife Fund WWF
   
Y  
Young Men’s Christian Association YMCA
Young Women’s Christian Association YWCA

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Appendix E—Business Designations & Abbreviations

Keep the words listed in the table below following a business name if present.  If "Inc." or
"Ltd." immediately follows one of the words listed below in a business name, omit the
"Inc." or "Ltd.". Plural variations of the works listed below that are not included here are
also subject to this rule.

Appendix E—Business Designations & Abbreviations

Phrase Abbreviation

Association Ass’n
Associates Assocs.
Brothers Bros.
Company Co.
Corporation Corp.
Distribut[ing, ion, or] Distrib.
Enterprise Enter.
Industr[y, ial, ies] Indus.
Marketing Mktg.
Management Mgmt.
Manufacturing Mfg.
Partnership P’ship
Production Prod.
Products Prods.
Property Prop.
Railroad R.R.
Railway Ry.
Service Serv.
System[s] Sys.

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Keep the following abbreviations when they are part of a business name. Note that the abbreviations here include
punctuation – per Rule 2.4.2.6 (page 19), keep these terms as they appear on LEXIS. This list is not all-inclusive
(foreign abbreviations are not included).

Term Abbreviation
A Joint Venture A JV
Dividend Investment Plan D.I.P.
Federal Savings Bank F.S.B.
Foreign Affiliate F.A.
Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung GmbH
Joint Venture J.V.
Legal Professional Association L.P.A.
Limited Liability Company (Corporation) L.L.C.
Limited Liability Limited Partnership LLLP
2
Limited Partnership3 L.P.
National Affiliate N.A.
National Association N.A.
National Trust and Savings Association N.T. & S.A.
Non-Affiliate N.A.
Professional Association P.A.
Professional Corporation P.C.
Professional Legal Corporation P.L.C.
Professional Service Corporation P.S.C.
Public Service Company P.S.C.
Skilled Nursing Facility S.N.F.

2
3
Limited Partnership is only abbreviated as L.P. when it is given as L.P. Otherwise, abbreviate Limited Partnership as Ltd.
P’ship

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Appendix F—Institutional Name Abbreviations

Common institutional names (e.g., law schools, professional organizations, and
geographic units commonly found in institutional names). The following abbreviations are
used whenever and wherever they appear in a party name.

Appendix F—Institutional Names

Full Word Abbreviation
A  
Adelaide Adel.
Albany Alb.
American University Am. U.
B
Boston College B.C.
Boston University B.U.
Brigham Young University BYU
Brooklyn Brook.
Buffalo Buff.
C
California (California Law Review only) Calif.
Capital Cap.
Chapman Chap.
Chartered Life Underwriters C.L.U.
Cincinnati Cin.
City University of New York CUNY
Cleveland Clev.

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix F—Institutional Names

Full Word Abbreviation

Columbia Colum.
Cumberland Cumb.
D
Denver Denv.
Detroit Det.
Dickinson Dick.
Duquesne Duq.
F
Florida Internaional University FIU
G
George Mason Geo. Mason
George Washington Geo. Wash.
Georgetown Geo.
Gonzaga Gonz.
H
Harvard Harv.
Howard How.
J
John Marshall J. Marshall
L
Las Vegas L.V.
Loyola Loy.
M
Marquette Marq.
Melbourne Melb.
Memphis Mem.
N
New England New Eng.
New York University (School of Law) N.Y.U.
P
Pepperdine Pepp.
Pittsburgh Pitt.
R Rich.
Richmond
Rocky Mountain Mineral Law Institute Rocky Mtn. Min. Inst.
S
Saint Louis St. Louis
San Fernando Valley San. Fern. V.
Southern Methodist University SMU
Stanford Stan.
T
Temple Temp.
Thomas Jefferson T. Jefferson

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Appendix F—Institutional Names

Full Word Abbreviation

Thomas M. Cooley T.M. Cooley

Thurgood Marshall T. Marshall
Toledo Tol.
Tulane Tul.
U
Universidad de Puerto Rico U. P.R.
University of California U.C.
University of California – Los Angeles UCLA
University of Missouri Kansas City UMKC
University of the District of the Columbia, UDC/DCSL
David A. Clarke School of Law
University of Wets Los Angeles UWLA
V
Valparaiso Val.
Vanderbilt Vand.
Villanova Vill.
W
Washington & Lee Wash. & Lee
William & Mary Wm. & Mary
William Mitchell Wm. & Mitchell

Document Revision History

The guidelines contained within this document have been reviewed and approved by the Editorial
Policy Committee.

Date Approved: 03/28/2002

Last Updated: 03/24/2008
Last Updated: 06/18/2009 (examples)
Last Updated: 09/04/2009 (NMN)
Last Updated: 12/29/2009 (Virgin Islands exceptions)
Last Updated: 06/02/2010 (“property” in example not abbreviated)
Last Updated: 04/12/2012 (3.3 additional example)
Last Updated: 06/07/2012 (Added 5.13 redacted example)
Last Updated: 06/13/2012 (added example to 2.6.1 for personally identifiable information)
Last Updated: 08/17/2012 (change upper case symbols to lower case)
Last Updated: 02/12/2013 (added Access, Petro. and Insp. to Appendix A)
Last Updated: 02/27/2013 (miskey Commissioner and Arkansas were not abbreviated)
Last Updated: 10/28/2013 (added Legis. to Appendix A)
Last Updated: 11/13/2013 (added NJ exception first word examples)
Last Updated: 1/10/2014 (added example to Business initials; added Virgin Islands example)
Last Updated: 2/21/2014 (added California exceptions for full opinions)
Last Updated: 3/3/2014 (Cal. Exceptions apply to only Calfornia full text citing documents)
Last Updated: 4/17/2014 (updated State of California ex rel. exception for CA Full text citings)
Last Updated: 02/24/2015 (Added to Appendix A. – China, Coal., Coll., Cnty., Gend., Grp., Op.,
Ne., Nw., Se., Sw.)
Last Updated: 06/24/2016 (If a #SCNLCP# is not present on a Montana document follow the rules
in the Case Name Guidelines)

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Last Updated: 07/18/2016 (California Marriage of and City of exceptions)

Last Updated: 10/20/2016 (Added example to 3.3.3 Combination Case Names
Last Updated: 1/3/2017 (Added example to 4.1.3.2 City of)
Last Updated: 5/16/2017 (Added to Appendix A. – Cty.)
Last Updated: 5/22/2017 (Added abbreviations to Appendix A & B – Academ[ic, y], Alliance,
Alternative, Broadcaster, Computer, Corporate, Defender, Digital, Enforcement,
Hospitality, Natural, Parish, Solution, Boston, Dallas, Houston, Phoenix, Northern
Territory, Australian Capital Territory)
Last updated: 6/5/2017 (added abbreviations to Appendix A - Broadcaster, Computer,
Exploration)
Last updated: 12/5/2017 (Added example to 2.5)
Last updated: 12/31/2017 (Added Deepwater Horizon example and La. Bd. of Ethics exception)
Last Updated: 1/19/2018 (removed "Public Service Commission - PSC" from the Appendix D -
Acronyms list in the Case Name Guidelines)
Last Updated: 07/11/2019 (Added Rule 6.3.5 Products Liability Litigation with examples for
non-versus and combination)
Last Updated: 10/18/2019 (Added an example to 5.15 for introductory phrases on proceedings
regarding bar membership of attorneys.)
Last Updated: 05/01/2020 (Added an example to 6.1.4 for instructions on how to format case
names that begin with the # symbol.)
Last Updated: 02/26/2021 (Changed wording for Appendix E for clearer understanding.)
Last Updated: 11/24/2021 (Added to Appendix A, B, & D, Updated the examples to the
abbreviations; Added Appendix F – Institutional Name Abbreviations)
Last Updated: 03/14/2022 (Updated Appendix A abbreviation of Communication: from Commun.
To Commc’n)
Last Updated: 03/16/2022 (Updated abbreviations under Appendix A)

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INDEX
________________________________________________________________
“ACCOUNTING OF”
ABBREVIATIONS Introductory phrases, 3.3
Generally, 6.1 et seq.; Appx. A, B,
C, D, E ACRONYMS
Acronyms, 4.1.2, 6.1.1, Appx. D Generally, 6.1.1, Appx. D
Apostrophes, plurals, 6.1.3 Capitalization, 2.2.2
Business names (see Index heading Prepositional phrases of location,
Business Names) appearing
City names, 4.2, 6.2.2 with, 4.1.2, 6.1.1
Commissioner of Internal
Revenue/C.I.R., ADDRESS
6.3.3 Property as party, street address,
Exceptions, periods as punctuation in 2.3.3
plurals, 6.1.3
Foreign countries and territories, Appx.
B AGENCIES
Foreign words, 6.3.4 Governmental agencies and
General rules, 6.1 divisions (see
Geographical phrases index heading
Generally, Appx. B Governmental Agencies
Like expressions to “City and Divisions)
of,” 4.2
“North,” “South,” “East,” AIR DISASTERS
“West,” 6.2 Location, 5.6
“One Word Rule,”
prepositional phrases “A/K/A”
of location, 4.1.2, 6.2 Multiple parties, 2.4
Railroads, 6.3.1
“United States”, 6.2.1 ALABAMA
Hyphenated words, 6.1.2 “Ex Parte State,” 5.3, 5.7
“North,” “South,” “East,” “West,” 6.2
“One Word Rule, prepositional ALL CAPS
phrases of Acronyms, 2.2.1, 6.1.1, Appx. D
location, 4.1.2; 6.2 Capitalization, exceptions to
Periods as punctuation in plurals, conforming with
6.1.3 source document,
Plurals, 6.1.3 2.2.2
Prepositional phrases of location,
2.4.2.3, “AMERICA”
4.1.2, 6.2 (See also index heading “United
Railroads (see index heading States”)
Railroad Prepositional phrases of location,
Case Names) 4.1.1
“Saint,” 6.3.2
State bar association case names, AMPERSAND
5.10 Oregon marriage disputes, 5.9
States, Appx. B
Surname of party, 2.3.1.1 APOSTROPHES
Symbols, 6.1.4 Abbreviations, plurals, 6.1.3
“United States,” 6.2.1
Workers’ compensation, first word, APPENDICES
5.2 Abbreviations for commonly
used terms,

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Appx. A Conversion to “In re,” 3.2.2

Acronyms, Appx. D
Business abbreviations, Appx. E ARBITRATION
Foreign countries and territories, Generally, 5.5
Appx. B Combination case names, 3.1.2
Railroad name abbreviations, Appx. Exception, creating “versus” case
C names when
States, cities and territories – “State” is a party, 5.5.2
abbreviations, “Versus” case names, 5.5.1, 5.5.2
Appx. B

“APPLICATION OF”

ARTICLES “Incorporated” in
Capitalization, exceptions, parentheses, 5.3
2.2.2 “Limited Partnership,”
2.4.2.5
AUSTRALIAN STATES “L.P.,” 2.4.2.5, 2.4.2.6
Abbreviations, Appx. B “Ltd.,” 2.4.2.2
“N.A.,” 2.4.2.6
BANKRUPTCY CASES Omissions from
“Non-versus” case names, “Inc.,” 2.4.2.2
3.1.1 “Limited
Partnership” as a descriptive
BASICS phrase, 2.4.2.5
Capitalization, 2.1 et seq. “Ltd.,” 2.4.2.2
Descriptive terms, 2.5 et “P.A.,” 2.4.2.6
seq. “P.C.,” 2.4.2.6
Multiple parties or actions, “P.L.C.,” 2.4.2.6
2.4 Prepositional
Party names, 2.3 et seq. phrases of location (see
index heading
“B/N/F” Geographical)
Procedural phrases, 3.2.1 Railroads (see
index heading Railroad
BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL Case Names)
DESIGNATIONS “S.A.,” 2.4.2.6
(See index heading “Saint,”
Business Names) abbreviations, 6.3.2
(See also Appx. E for more State bar
Business association case names, 5.10
Designations) “U.S.” or “U.S.A.” or
“USA,” 6.2.1
BUSINESS NAMES
Generally, 2.4.2 et seq. “BY NEXT FRIEND”
Abbreviations, generally, Procedural phrases, 3.2.1
2.4.2.6, Appx. E
“Co.”, 2.4.2.1 CANADIAN PROVINCES
Divisions, see index Abbreviations, Appx. B
heading Divisions
Given names or initials, CAPITALIZATION
2.4.2.4 Acronyms, 2.2.2, 6.1.1
“GmbH”, 2.4.2.6 All caps, exceptions to
“Inc.,” 2.4.2.2 conforming with

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source document, 5.10

2.2.2
Articles, 2.2.2 “C.I.R.”
Conforming to source, Commissioner of Internal
exception, 2.2.2 Revenue
Exceptions, 2.2.2 Abbreviation, 6.3.3
“Ex rel.,” 2.2.2
First letter, 2.2.1 “CITY OF”
First word, 2.2.1 Generally, 4.1.3.1
Foreign names (see index Abbreviations of city names,
heading Foreign , Appx. B
Names) General rules, defined,
General rule, 2.2.1 4.1.3.1,
Hyphenated words, 2.4.1.2 Governmental agencies and
“In re,” 2.2.2 divisions,
“In the Interest of,” 3.1.4 entities smaller than
“Mc” or “Mac” in last names, states, 4.5.3
2.2.2 “Like” expressions to,
Numerical suffixes, 2.2.2 4.1.3.2,
Prepositions Prepositional phrases of
Examples, 2.2.2 location exception,
With four or fewer 4.1.3,
letters, 2.2.2 Used with “North,” “South,”
Slash, words following, 2.5 “East,” “West,”
State bar association case 4.1.3.2, 6.2
names, 2.3.1,

“CO.”
Business names, generally, COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL
2.4.2.1 REVENUE/
Railroad case names, C.I.R.
6.3.1.3 Abbreviations, 6.3.3, Appx. A

COMBINATION CASE NAMES “COMMITMENT OF”

Generally, 3.1 et seq. Introductory phrases, 3.3
Arbitration, 3.1.2
Bankruptcy cases, 3.1.1 COMMITMENT PROCEEDINGS
“Estate of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4, 3.3 et seq. Parenthetical insertion, 5.3
Exception, “Ex parte,” 3.1.2
“Ex parte,” 3.1.2, 5.7 “COMMONWEALTH OF…”
“In re” (see index heading Exception to the “One Word Rule,”
“In re”) 4.1.2
“In the Interest of,” 3.1.4 Geographical phrases, generally,
“In the Matter of,” conversion to “In re,” 4.3
3.2.2 In-state general rule, 4.3
Introductory phrases, generally, 3.3 Out-of-state general rule, 4.3
Multiple claim numbers, 3.1.3.2
“Versus” case names (see index “COMPENSATION OF”
heading Introductory phrases, 3.3
“Versus” Case Names)
“Will of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4, 3.3 et seq. CONDEMNATION PROCEEDINGS
Parentheses, names of first appellant,
“COMMA RULE” 5.3,
Prepositional phrases of location, 5.8
4.1

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CONNECTING WORDS
Prepositions, capitalization, DIRECTIONAL TERMS
generally, 2.2.2 (See index heading
“The” used to connect “North,” “South,”
introductory and “East,” “West”)
procedural phrases,
omission of, 2.3.1 “DISBARMENT OF”
Introductory phrases, 3.3

“COUNTY OF” DIVISIONS

Governmental agencies and Business, 2.6.2
divisions, 4.5 General rule, descriptive
Entities smaller than states, terms, 2.6.2
4.5.3 Governmental agencies and
divisions (see
“D/B/A” index heading
Multiple parties, 2.5 Governmental Agencies
and Divisions)
“DE”
Capitalization in foreign “EAST”
names, 2.4.4 (See index heading
“North,” “South,”
DEPARTMENTS OF GOVERNMENT “East,” “West”)
(See index heading
Governmental “ESTATE OF”
Agencies and Combination case names,
Divisions) 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4,
3.3 et seq.
DESCRIPTIVE TERMS Introductory phrases,
Generally, 2.6 et seq. generally, 3.3
Defined, 2.6.1 “Non-Versus” case names,
Divisions, General rule, 3.1.3.1, 3.3.2
2.6.2 “Versus” case names,
Limited partnerships, 3.1.3.1, 3.3.1
omission of the
descriptive phrase, “EX PARTE”
2.4.2.5 Alabama, “Ex Parte State”
Parenthetical aid in case names, 5.3,
identification, 5.3 5.7
“Trustee,” 2.6.1

“EX PARTE” (cont'd) Keeping or omitting

Combination case names, procedural phrases,
3.1.2 3.2.3
Multiple parties, 2.5
EXPLANATORY PHRASES
(See index heading FIRST LETTER
Descriptive Terms) Capitalization, 2.2.1

“EX REL.” FIRST PARTY GIVEN

Capitalization, exceptions, Condemnation proceedings,
2.2.2 5.3, 5.8
Conversion of procedural “Ex rel.,” picking up second
phrases to, 3.2.1 party, 2.4
Multiple parties, 2.4, 3.1.3.2

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“One Word Rule,”

FOREIGN NAMES prepositional phrases of
Abbreviations, foreign location,
countries and regions, 4.1.2, 6.2
Appx. B Parentheses, 5.3
Capitalization, general rule, “People of” (see index
2.4.4 heading People of)
“de” in foreign case names, Prepositional phrases of
2.4.4 location
Exception, capitalization, Generally,
2.2.2 4.1 et seq.
General rule, 2.4.4
Abbreviations, 2.4.2.3, 6.2
FOREIGN WORDS “America,”
Abbreviations, 6.3.4 4.1.1
“City of”
GEOGRAPHICAL PHRASES (see index heading City of)
Abbreviations (see index
heading “Commonwealth of” (see index heading
Abbreviations –
Air Disasters) Commonwealth of)
“America,” prepositional Defined, 4.1
phrases of location, Exceptions
4.1.1
“City of,” Generally, 4.1
Generally, 4.1.3.1
(For detailed information, “America,” 4.1.1
see index
heading “City of”) “City of,” 4.1.3.1
“Comma Rule,” 4.1
“Commonwealth of” (see Geographic terms not functioning
index heading
Geographic terms not as prepositional phrases,
functioning as
prepositional 4.1.4
phrases, 4.1.4
Governmental agencies and “One Word Rule,” 4.1.2
divisions
Generally, 4.5 et “State of,” 4.3
seq.
(For detailed Union names, 4.1.1, 5.1
information, see index National or
heading larger locations, 4.1.1
Governmental Agencies “One Word
and Rule,” 4.1.2, 6.2
Divisions) “People of”
“Like” expressions to “City (see index heading People
of,” 4.1.3.2 of)
National or larger locations, “State of”
prepositional (see index heading State of)
phrases of “Saint,”
location, 4.1.1, 4.1.2 6.3.2
Not following a preposition, “State of”
4.2 (see index heading State of)

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Union
names, prepositional phrases of GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES AND
DIVISIONS OF GOVERNMENTAL
location, 4.1.1, 5.1 AGENCIES
“United General rules, descriptive
States,” 4.4 terms, 2.6.2, 4.5
Local governments, 4.5.3
GIVEN NAMES OR INITIALS Parenthetical inclusion of a
(See index heading Names party name, 5.3
of Parties) States, divisions of, 4.5.2
“United States,” divisions of,
“GmbH” 4.5.1
Business abbreviations,
2.4.2.6

GRAND JURY PROCEEDINGS Capitalization, 2.2.2

“Investigation No.,” 5.4.4 Combination case names,
Name and “In re Grand generally, 3.1.3,
Jury,” 5.3, 5.4.2 3.3.3
Names of parties, Conversion of certain
parentheses, 5.3, 5.4.2 phrases to, 3.2.2
Proceeding number and “In Grand Jury proceedings
re Grand Jury,” Generally, 5.4.1 et
5.4.3 seq.
“Versus” and “In re” case (For detailed
names, 5.4.1 information, see index
heading
“HEIRS OF” Grand Jury Proceedings)
Introductory phrases, 3.3 Multiple parties, 3.1.3.2
“Non-versus” case names,
HYPHENATED WORDS 3.3.2
Abbreviations, 6.1.2 State bar association case
Capitalization, 2.2.1 names, “re” only,
Last names, maiden and 5.10
married names, “Versus” case names, 3.3.1
2.4.1.2
INTERNAL REVENUE COMMISSIONER
“INC.” Conversion to
Generally, 2.4.2.2 “Commissioner,” 6.3.3

“INCORPORATED” “IN THE INTEREST OF”

Abbreviation, Appx. A Capitalization, combination
Generally, 2.4.2.2 case names,
Parentheses, 5.3 3.3.3
Combination case names,
INITIALS 3.1.4
(See group Given names Conversion to “ex rel.,”
or initials in 3.2.1, 3.3.3
index Introductory phrase,
heading Names of Parties) generally, 3.3
“Non-versus” case names,
INQUIRY CONCERNING JUDGES 3.3.2
Parenthetical insertion, 5.3 “Versus” case names, 3.3.1

“IN RE” “IN THE MATTER OF”

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CASE NAMES MANUAL

Arbitration cases, 5.5.1, the Interest of”)

5.5.2 “Non-versus” case names,
Combination case names 3.3.2, 3.3.3
general rule, 3.1.1 “Versus” case names, 3.3.1,
Commitment proceedings, 3.3.3
parenthetical “Will of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4, 3.3
insertion, 5.3 et seq.
Conversion to “In re,” 3.2.2
JUDGES, INQUIRY CONCERNING
INTRODUCTION Parenthetical insertion, 5.3
Generally, 1.1 et seq.
“KING”
INTRODUCTORY PHRASES Names of parties, exception to
Generally, 3.3 general rule
Combination case names, as to “The,” 2.3.1
omission of
introductory LAST NAME
phrases, 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4, (See index heading Surnames)
3.3.3
Connecting words, “The” LEGAL ASSOCIATIONS
used to connect (See index heading State Bar
introductory and Associations)
procedural phrases,
2.3.1 LIMITED PARTNERSHIPS
Defined, 3.3 Descriptive phrase, omission,
“Estate of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.1.4, 2.4.2.5
3.3 et seq.
General rules, 3.3.1
“In the Interest of” (see
index heading “In

LOCATIONS
(See index heading Geographical “MC” OR “MAC”
Phrases) Capitalization, 2.2.2

“L.P.” MULTIPLE ACTIONS

Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6, (See index heading Multiple
Appx. E Parties or
Actions)
“LTD.” MULTIPLE CLAIM NUMBERS
Generally, 2.4.2.2 “In re,” 3.1.3.2

MAIDEN NAMES MULTIPLE PARTIES OR ACTIONS

Hyphenated names of parties, “a/k/a,” 2.5
2.4.1.2 Claim numbers, “In re” case names
with
MARRIAGE multiple claim numbers,
Oregon marriage disputes, 5.9 3.1.3.2
Combination case names, generally,
“MARRIAGE OF” 3.1
Introductory phrases, 3.3 “d/b/a,” 2.5
“et al,” 2.5
MARRIED NAMES Exceptions
Hyphenated names of parties, “ex rel.,” 2.5
2.4.1.2

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partnership names in Given names or initials,

multiple-party 2.4.1.1
actions, 2.5 “The,” general rule, 2.3
“Ex rel.,” 2.5 Geographical phrases (see index
General rule, 2.5 heading
“In re,” 3.1.3.2 Geographical Phrases)
Oregon marriage disputes, 5.9 Given names or initials
Partnership names, 2.5 Business names, general
Slash within name, 2.5 rule, 2.4.2
Personal names, general
“N.A.” rule, 2.4.1
Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6, Grand Jury proceedings,
Appx. E 5.3, 5.4.2
Hyphenated maiden and
married names,
NAMES OF PARTIES 2.4.1.2
Generally, 2.2 et seq. Hyphenated words,
Abbreviation of party’s surname, non-abbreviation of,
2.4.1.1 6.1.2
Action against property, exception to “Inc.,” 2.4.2.2, 2.4.2.3
the “King” or “Queen,” general rule as to
general rule as to “The,” “The,”
2.3.1 2.3.1
“a/k/a,” 2.5 Limited partnership, 2.4.2.5
Business names “Ltd.,” 2.4.2.2, 2.4.2.3
Generally, 2.3.2 Maiden names, 2.4.1.2
(For detailed information, Married names, 2.4.1.2
see index Mistaking a party for a person or
heading Business business,
Names) exception to the general
Capitalization rule as to
Generally, 2.2 “The,” 2.3.1
(For detailed information, Multiple parties or actions (see
see index index
heading heading Multiple Parties or
Capitalization) Actions)
Commissioner, 6.3.3, Appx. A Personal names, generally, 2.4.1 et
“d/b/a,” 2.5 seq.
Descriptive terms Property as party (see index
Generally, 2.6 et seq. heading
(For detailed information, Property)
see index “Queen” or “King,” exception to the
heading general
Descriptive Terms) rule as to “The,” 2.3.1
“Et al,” 2.5 “Saint,” abbreviations, 6.3.2
Exceptions

NAMES OF PARTIES (cont'd) “United States” (see index heading

Slash in name, 2.5, 6.1.2 “United
State legal associations (see index States”)
heading Workers’ compensation, 5.2, 5.3
State Bar Association)
“The,” general rule, 2.1.3 NATIONAL LOCATIONS
“Trustee,” descriptive term, 2.6.1 Prepositional phrases of location,
1.4, 4.1.1,

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4.1.2 Generally, 5.3

Alabama, “Ex Parte State,” 5.3, 5.7
“NON-VERSUS” CASE NAMES Bankruptcy example, 3.1.1
Bankruptcy cases, 3.1.1 Combination case names, generally,
Combination case names, 3.1.3.1, 3.1.1
3.3.3 Condemnation proceedings, name
“Estate of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.3.2 of first
General rule, 3.1.1 appellant, 5.3, 5.8
Introductory phrases, 3.1.3.1, 3.3.2 Grand Jury proceedings, names of
Multiple parties, 2.4 parties,
Procedural phrases, rule for keeping 5.3, 5.4.2
or “In re” case names, multiple parties
omitting, 3.2.3 or
“Will of,” 3.1.3.1, 3.3.2 claims, 3.1.3.2
Workers’ compensation cases, 5.2,
“NORTH,” “SOUTH,” “EAST,” “WEST” 5.3
Abbreviations, 6.2
“City of,” used with, 4.2, 6.2 PARTNERSHIPS
“Limited Partnership,” 2.4.2.5
NUMBERS Multiple parties, 2.5
Capitalization exceptions, numerical
suffixes, 2.1.2 “P.C.”
Claim numbers, “In re” case names Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6,
with Appx E.
multiple claim numbers,
3.1.3.2 “PEOPLE OF…”
Grand Jury proceedings, 5.4.3, Exception to the “One Word Rule,”
5.4.4 4.1.2
“In re,” multiple claim numbers, Geographical phrases, generally,
3.1.3.2 4.3
“Investigation No.,” Grand Jury In-State general rule, 4.3
proceedings, Out-of-State general rule, 4.3
5.4.4
“Proceeding No.,” Grand Jury PERIODS AS PUNCTUATION
proceedings, Abbreviations, plurals, 6.1.3
5.4.3
PERSONAL NAMES
OMISSIONS FROM BUSINESS NAMES Generally, 2.4.1 et seq.
(See index heading Business (For detailed information, see index
Names) heading
Names of Parties)
“ONE WORD RULE”
Abbreviations, 6.2 “PETITION OF”
Prepositional phrases of location, Conversion to “In re,” 3.2.2
4.1.2,
6.2 PLANE CRASHES
Location, 5.1
OREGON MARRIAGE DISPUTES
Generally, 5.9 ”P.L.C.”
Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6,
“P.A.” Appx E.
Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6,
Appx. E PLURALS
Abbreviations, 6.1.3
PARENTHESES

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PREPOSITIONS Capitalization, generally, 2.2.2

PREPOSITIONS (cont'd)
Geographical phrases (see index PROFESSIONAL DESIGNATIONS
heading (see index heading Business
Geographical Phrases) Names)
Geographic terms not functioning as
prepositional phrases, 4.1.4 PROPERTY
Items listed in group, 2.4.3
PROCEDURAL PHRASES Names of parties, action against
Generally, 3.2 property
Abbreviations, 6.1.1 exception to general rule as
“Application of,” conversion to “In to “The,”
re,” 3.2.2 2.3.1
“By next friend” or “b/n/f,” omission, Party to action, property as, 2.4.3
3.2.1 Street address, 2.4.3
Combination case names, rule for
keeping PSEUDONYMS
or omitting procedural Generally, 5.11
phrases, 3.2
Connecting words, “The” used to PUNCTUATION
connect Abbreviations, plurals, 6.1.3
introductory and procedural “Comma Rule,” prepositional
phrases, phrases of
2.3.1 location, 4.1
Defined, 3.2 Procedural phrases, punctuation
“Ex rel.” (see index heading “Ex before or
rel.”) after, 3.2.1
General rules, 3.2.1 State bar association case names,
“In re,” conversion of procedural 5.10
phrases to,
3.2.2 “QUEEN”
“In the Interest of,” conversion to “ex Names of parties, exception to
rel.,” general rule
3.2.1, 3.3.3 “The,” 2.3.1
“In the Matter of,” conversion to “In
re,” 3.2.2 RAILROAD CASE NAMES
Keeping or omitting procedural Generally, 6.3.1
phrases, Abbreviations
rules, 3.2.3 “Company,” in railroad case
“Non-versus” case name, rule for names,
keeping or 6.3.1.3
omitting procedural Examples, 6.3.1.2, Appx. C
phrases, 3.2.3 Geographical phrases, 6.3.1
“Petition of,” conversion to “In re,” Geographical words, 6.3.1.1
3.2.2 “Company” in railroad case names,
Punctuation before or after, 3.2.1 abbreviations, 6.3.1.3
“Versus” case names, rules for Examples of abbreviations, 6.3.1.2,
keeping or Appx. C
omitting procedural Geographical phrases, 6.3.1
phrases, 3.2.3
“RE”
PROCEEDING NUMBER State bar association case names,
Grand Jury proceedings, 5.4.3 5.10

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Abbreviations, 6.1.2
REAL PROPERTY Capitalization, 2.2.1
Generally (see index heading Multiple parties, slash within name,
Property) 2.5

“S.A.” SOURCE DOCUMENT

Business abbreviations, 2.4.2.6, Capitalization, exceptions to
Appx E. conforming
with, 2.2.2
“SAINT”
Abbreviations, 6.3.2 “SOUTH”
(See index heading “North,”
“S.F.P.” “South,”
Business names, 2.4.2.6, Appx. E “East,” West”)

SLASH (/)
Abbreviated surname, retention,
STANDARD ABBREVIATIONS 2.4.1.1
Generally, Appx. D Capitalization
(For detailed information, see index “Mc” or “Mac,” exceptions,
heading Abbreviations) 2.2.2
Foreign surnames (see index
STATE BAR ASSOCIATIONS heading
Generally, 5.10 Foreign Names)
Exception to general rule as to Hyphenated maiden and married
“The,” 2.2.2 names,
Prepositional phrases of location, 2.4.1.2
4.1
“Re,” 5.10 SYMBOLS
Generally, 6.1.4
“STATE OF…”
Abbreviations of state names, TERRITORIES OF UNITED STATES
generally, Abbreviations, Appx. B
Appx. B
Alabama, “Ex Parte State,” 5.3, 5.7 "THE"
Arbitration, creating “versus” case Exceptions to general rule, 2.3.1
names General rule, use in names of
when “State” is a party, parties, 2.3
5.5.2 State bar association case names,
Divisions of states, 4.5.2 5.10
Geographical phrases, generally,
4.3 TYPES OF CASE NAMES
In-State general rule, 4.3 Generally, 1.2
“One Word Rule,” exception to, Combination case names
4.1.2 Generally, 3.1 et seq.
Out-of-State general rule, 4.3
“Versus” case names, exception (For detailed information, see index
when heading Combination Case
“State” is party to Names)
arbitration, 5.5.2 Introductory phrases
Generally, 3.3 et seq.
STREET ADDRESS Procedural phrases
Property as party, 2.4.3 Generally, 3.2 et seq.
(For detailed information,
SURNAMES see index

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Procedural phrases, Arbitration, 3.1.2

rule for keeping “Estate of,” 3.3 et seq.
or omitting, 3.2.3 General rule, 3.1.1
“Will of,” 3.3 et seq. “Will of,” 3.3 et seq.
Introductory phrases, rule for
UNIONS AND LOCAL UNION NAMES keeping or
Generally, 5.1 omitting, 3.3.1
Prepositional phrases of location, Multiple actions, 2.5
4.1.1, 5.1 Oregon marriage disputes, 5.9
Parentheses, 3.1.2
“UNITED STATES” “Estate of,” 3.3, et seq.
Abbreviations, 6.2.1 Grand Jury proceedings,
Agencies and divisions, 4.5, 4.5.1 5.4.1
“America,” prepositional phrases of “Will of,” 3.3 et seq.
location, Procedural phrases, rule for keeping
4.1.1 and
General rule, 4.4 omitting, 3.2.3
"Will of," 3.3 et seq.
UNNAMED PARTIES
Generally, 5.11 “WEST”
(See index heading “North,” “South,”
“VERSUS” CASE NAMES “East,”
Alabama, “Ex Parte State,” 5.3, 5.7 West”)
Arbitration cases, 5.5.1, 5.5.2
Combination case names
Alabama, “Ex Parte State,”
5.3, 5.7

“WILL OF”
Combination case names, 3.1.4, 3.3.3
Introductory phrases, generally, 3.3, 3.3.3
“Last Will and Testament,” 3.3.1
“Non-versus” case names, 3.1.3.1, 3.3.2
“Versus” case names, 3.1.3.1, 3.3.1

WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
Abbreviations, first word, 5.2
Parentheses, 5.3

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