Quarter 1 - GenBio 1-Week 1 (23-24)

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION VII (Central Visayas)
Schools Division of Bais City
GENERAL BIOLOGY 1
Postulates of Cell Theory
Structure and Functions of cell organelles
Learning Competencies
➢ Explain the postulates of the cell theory. STEM_BIO11/12 -Ia-c-1

➢ Describe the structure and function of major and subcellular
organelles. STEM_BIO11/12-Ia-c-2
Learning Objectives
➢ Explain the postulates of the cell theory;

➢ Construct a cell model of a plant/animal/bacterial cell using
recyclable materials;
➢ Relate the importance of individual cell structure and functions
to the totality of organisms’ existence.
Activity
• Discuss with your group on the given individual

group topic and answer the guide questions
within the time allotted.
• Choose a group representative to present your
outputs in the class.
Topic 1
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
Guide Questions:
• What does this theory imply?
• Give examples or illustrations that presents this theory.
Topic 2
The cell is the most basic unit of life
Guide Questions:
Topic 3
All cells arise only from pre-existing cells
Guide Questions:
Topic 4
Membrane Bound Cell Organelles
Guide Questions:
• What are organelles that are membrane bound?
• How does these organelles functions?
Topic 5
Non-Membrane Bound Cell Organelles
Guide Questions:
• What are organelles that are non-membrane bound?
• How does these organelles functions?
Presentation
General Types of Cells
• Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic- the structural and
functional differences between cells
• Unicellular and Multicellular- about the

organization of organisms
• Unicellular organisms are composed of a single cell.
This means that the entire organism is just one cell.
Examples include bacteria, some types of algae,
and some protists.
• Multicellular organisms are composed of multiple
cells that work together to form tissues, organs, and
organ systems. Examples include humans, animals,
plants, and many fungi.
• Prokaryotic cells are cells that lack a true nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles. They are
typically found in organisms like bacteria and
archaea.
• Eukaryotic cells are cells that have a true nucleus
and membrane-bound organelles. They are found in
organisms such as animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and more
complex than prokaryotic cells.
What are organelles?
-means “little organs
Specialized structure found within the
cell which performs specific function
vital to cell for life
Cell Membrane
-separates the internal contents of the
cell from its environment
-phospholipid bilayer with proteins
embedded in it.
-a selectively permeable membrane
Cytoplasm
-region within the cell membrane
-Organelles are found and perform their
functions in the jelly-like substance called
cytosol
-Sodium, potassium, and calcium ions are also
dissolved in the cytoplasm.
Nucleus
-covered with a nuclear membrane or envelope
-the control center of the cell that regulates and
coordinates all activities of the cell
-Chromosomes are found in the nucleus. Within
the chromosomes are DNA that make up the
gene that bears the hereditary traits.
-called as the “brain” of the cell
Mitochondria
-are the sites for the breakdown of sugar
molecules into adenosine triphosphate or ATP,
which is the main source of energy in the body
- called as the “Powerhouse” of the cell

Ribosomes
- are the sites of protein synthesis.
- The coded message from DNA as to what kind
of protein is to be synthesized is carried by the
mRNA from the nucleus to the ribosome.
- Called as the “Protein factory”
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- consists of flattened sheets, sacs, and tubes of
membranes that extend throughout the
cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
- It is structurally continuous with the nuclear
membrane, and it specializes in the transport
of lipids and membrane proteins.
- Called as the “Subway system”
Golgi apparatus
- to modify, sort, and pack macromolecules for
secretion or for transport to other organelles.
- Rounded vesicles are associated to the Golgi
apparatus that pinched off from its flattened
sacs and carry the materials to other parts of
the cell.
- Called as the “Mailman”
Plastids
- are large membrane-bound organelle found in plant cells
- the chloroplast- the green-colored plastid which is caused
by the green pigment called chlorophyll and is the site for
photosynthesis. – chromoplasts- colored plastids other than
green. These are specialized to synthesize and store
carotenoid pigments such as red, orange, and yellow.
- Leucoplasts- the colorless plastid that contain stored food.
- called as the “Cafeteria” of the cell

Lysosome
- also produced by the Golgi apparatus. It is a
membrane- bound organelle that comes in various
sizes and shapes.
- Enzymes responsible for oxidizing certain molecules
to form hydrogen peroxide
- contain numerous hydrolytic or digestive enzymes
for the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and
fats within the cell
Peroxisomes
- membrane-bound vesicle that contain
oxidative enzymes.
- are abundantly found in liver cells, where fats
and lipids are metabolized
- Called as the “Garbage Collector”
Vacuoles
- are large storage sacs in cells. The smaller ones
are called vesicles.
- In animals, some vacuoles function for storage
of water or food, while others are for excretion
of waste-materials.
Cell wall
- Found only in Plants
- protects and supports the cells of the plants.
Application
A community is composed of different individuals living and working
together to be able to function as one and able to survive. Just as the
individual cell, every structure performs its specific functions to be able
to live and work as one cell.
Give other examples that will represent the structure and function of
cell and its organelles in relation to the cell theory? Present it in a
creative way (through song, poem, sketch/drawing, dance, etc)
Presentation
Assessment
Write the correct name of the cell structure or organelle. An alias of the structure is
provided on the first column.
ALIAS STRUCTURE
Brain of the cell
Subway system
Garbage collector
Security guard
Protein factory
Powerhouse
Mailman
Cafeteria
References
Clip Art Library. 2016. "Colorful Cliparts #62089." Accessed August 9, 2022. http://clipart-library.com/clipart/177151.htm.
ETUlay. 2021. "DepEd Philippines." General Biology 1 - Monday Q1 Week 1 . September 13. Accessed August 8, 2022.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbp_Gn6_QRY&t=655s.
FAVPNG. 2017. "FAVPNG." Group Work Cliparts - Student Group Work Free Content Clip Art PNG. April 15. Accessed August
9, 2022. https://favpng.com/png_view/group-work-cliparts-student-group-work-free-content-clip-art-png/NFQ9380d.
n.d. "Free Pick." Freepick.com. Accessed August 9, 2022. https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/mood-
emoticons_797980.htm.
howtofunda. 2020. "Youtube." How to Make an Animal Cell Model 3D | Science Project | DIY | howtofunda. Accessed
August 9, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHVZjrdhrpY.
Hubka, Michal. n.d. "Stock Lib." Accessed August 9. https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/mood-
emoticons_797980.htm.
Kumar, Lokender. 2019. "Basic Science Series English." Cell theory | Evolution | Orign of life | Postulates of cell theory | Basic
Science Series. October 8. Accessed August 8, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4tdiDRMyhI.
PNGWing. n.d. "Eset." team work illustration, Teamwork.com Collaboration Skill, Team Work, ink, text, presentation png.
Accessed August 9, 2022. https://www.pngwing.com/en/free-png-bpjmk.
Veectezy. n.d. "Veectezy." Accessed August 9, 2022. https://www.vecteezy.com/vector-art/1759758-biology-supplies-and-
books.

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Republic of the Philippines

➢ Explain the postulates of the cell theory. STEM_BIO11/12 -Ia-c-1

➢ Explain the postulates of the cell theory;

• Discuss with your group on the given individual

• Unicellular and Multicellular- about the

- called as the “Powerhouse” of the cell

- called as the “Cafeteria” of the cell

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