Plan4Demand

CASE ANALYSIS STUDY REPORT ON

DIGITALIZATION INITIATIVES IN INDIA

TEAM MEMBERS:

AMIRTHA VARSHINI.C -22381005

AYSHA NIDHA -22381010

LAKSHYA.S -22381021

SASI RAGAVI.V-22381063

SREE KAMALI.D.K -22381046

DONA MARIYA JOSHY -22381057

JAISAL MUBEEN.E -22381016

MOHAMMED SUHAD -22381022

MUHAMMED THUFAIL.AK - 22381029

SULFATH.A.A -22381048
1.1 Abstract

Digitalization initiatives in India have been making rapid progress as the

Government of India has made significant investments in the sector. The
objectives of the digitalization initiatives are to improve the efficiency of existing
services and processes, boost economic growth, increase access to digital
services, and build a digital infrastructure that supports innovation.
The primary digitalization initiatives include the Digital India initiative, the
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), Digital Locker, BharatNet, and
the National Optical Fiber Network. These initiatives have improved access to
digital services, promoted financial inclusion, and enabled the Government to
reduce paperwork and streamline processes.
However, there are several challenges associated with the digitalization initiatives
in India. These challenges include inadequate infrastructure and resources, lack
of digital literacy, data privacy concerns, and limited access to digital services in
rural areas. In addition, there is a need to develop effective policies and
regulations to ensure the efficient implementation of digitalization initiatives.
This report provides an overview of the digitalization initiatives in India and
provides recommendations for overcoming the challenges associated with them.
The report also discusses the potential opportunities for businesses and
individuals to benefit from the digitalization initiatives in India.

1.2 Introduction

Digitalization in India has become an important aspect of the Government’s

economic and social policy. The Government of India has made huge investments
in the sector and has launched several initiatives to promote digitalization.
The objectives of these initiatives are to improve the efficiency of existing
services and processes, boost economic growth, increase access to digital
services, and build a digital infrastructure that supports innovation.
This report provides an overview of the digitalization initiatives in India, the
challenges associated with them, and the potential opportunities that businesses
and individuals can benefit from them. The report also provides recommendations
for overcoming the challenges associated with digitalization initiatives in India.
1.3 Vision
The vision of digitalization initiatives in India is to transform the country into a
digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. This vision is aimed at
making India an international leader in digital technology and creating a vibrant
digital economy.
This vision includes the development of digital infrastructure, digital literacy,
digital payments, digital security, and the use of digital technology to improve
the efficiency of government and public services. Digitalization initiatives in
India also aim to create an environment that encourages entrepreneurs to develop
digital products and services in order to stimulate economic growth.

1.4 Objective
The main objectives of digitalization initiatives in India are to improve the quality
of life of the citizens, increase access to basic services, reduce the cost of services,
promote efficiency, promote transparency and accountability, and create more
job opportunities.
Additionally, digitalization initiatives are aimed at promoting the growth of the
digital economy, establishing India as a leader in the digital world, and promoting
the adoption of digital technology across the country.

1.5 INITIATIVES UNDER DIGITAL INDIA PROGRAM

1.5.1 INFRASTRUCTURE

1.5.1.1 Aadhaar System

The Aadhaar identification platform is one of the fundamental foundations of

‘Digital India,’ in which every citizen is given a unique identity or Aadhaar
number. Aadhaar, the world’s largest biometrics-based identification system, is a
strategic policy tool for social and financial inclusion, public sector service
reforms, fiscal budget management, convenience, and people-centric governance.
It is unique and robust enough to avoid duplicate or forged identities, and it might
be used as the foundation/primary identity for a variety of government assistance
systems and programs, fostering openness and good governance.
1.5.1.2 Bharat Broadband Network

The Government of India established Bharat Broadband Network Limited as a

special purpose vehicle under the Companies Act, with an authorized capital of
Rs. 1000 crore.

The creation of the National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN) in India has been
mandated. By laying incremental fiber, a total of roughly 2, 50,000 Gram
Panchayats spread throughout 6,600 Blocks and 641 Districts will be covered.

1.5.1.3 Centre of Excellence For Internet of Things

The Centre of Excellence for IoT was announced as part of the Digital India
Initiative to jumpstart the IoT ecosystem and enable India achieve a leadership
role in the convergent field of hardware and software by using India’s IT
strengths.

The center’s major goal is to develop cutting-edge applications and subject

expertise. In addition, the center will assist in the development of industry-ready
people, a start-up community, and an IOT entrepreneurial ecosystem.

1.5.1.4 Cert-In

CERT-In was established with the goal of securing Indian cyberspace. The
service provides security quality management services as well as incident
prevention and response services.

It has been designated as the national agency to execute the following functions
in the domain of cyber security under Section 70B of the Information Technology
(Amendment) Act 2008:

● Information on cyber incidents is collected, analyzed, and disseminated;

cyber security incidents are forecasted and alerted; and cyber security
incidents are handled in an emergency.
 ● Issue recommendations, advisories, vulnerability notes, and whitepapers
relevant to information security practices, processes, cyber incident
prevention, response, and reporting.

1.5.1.5 Common Service Centres CSC

The CSC scheme is one of the Digital India Program’s mission mode projects.
CSCs are access points for citizens in rural and distant areas of the country to
receive vital public utility services, social assistance schemes, healthcare, finance,
education, and agriculture services, as well as a variety of B2C services. It is a
pan-India network that caters to the country’s regional, geographic, linguistic,
and cultural diversity, allowing the government to achieve its goal of creating a
socially, financially, and digitally inclusive society.

1.5.1.6 Cyber Swachhta Kendra

The Government of India’s Digital India initiative includes the Cyber Swachhta
Kendra (Botnet Cleaning and Malware Analysis Centre), which aims to create a
secure cyber space by detecting botnet infections in India and notifying, enabling
cleaning, and securing end users’ systems to prevent further infections.

It was established to meet the goals of the country’s ‘National Cyber Security
Policy,’ which aims to create a secure cyber eco system. This center works in
close partnership with Internet Service Providers and Product/Antivirus
Manufacturers.

1.5.1.7 Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana

(DDUGJY)

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) is a flagship program of

the Power Ministry (MoP) that aims to deliver uninterrupted power to rural India.
The government has set a goal of electrifying 18,452 unconnected villages in
1000 days, by May 1, 2018. The DDUGJY can have a substantial impact on rural
households, as energy is critical for the country’s growth and development.
1.5.1.8 DigiLocker

DigiLocker is a digital wallet that aims to empower citizens. It’s a safe, cloud-
based platform for issuing, exchanging, and verifying crucial everlasting
documents and certifications.

By encouraging the use of digital records, it has established a new paradigm for
real paperless governance. Currently, DigiLocker gives access to over 347 crore
authentic digital documents issued by over 100 issuers, including the
Transportation Department, the Income Tax Department, the Revenue
Department, and State and Central Education Boards, among others.

1.5.1.9 Digital Saksharta Abhiyan

The Digital Saksharta Abhiyan or National Digital Literacy Mission (NDLM)

Scheme was created to provide IT training to 52.5 lakh people across the country,
including Anganwadi workers, ASHA workers, and approved ration dealers. The
program intends to teach non-IT literate persons how to become IT literate so that
they can participate actively and effectively in the democratic and developmental
processes while also improving their livelihood.

1.5.1.10 Digitize India Platform

This platform is an initiative of Government of India under Digital India program

to provide digitization services from scanned document images or physical
documents for any organization. The aim is to digitize and make usable all the
existing content in different formats and media, languages, digitizing and creating
data extracts for Document Management and Managing the Records.

It features an automated platform for processing and extracting relevant data from
document images in a format that may used for the analysis. Leveraging DIP to
lead organizations towards a paperless office, make data available on demand to
the citizens, free archived documents storage spaces and enhance digital public
service delivery.
1.5.2 EMPOWERMENT

1.5.2.1 Aadhaar Enabled Payment Systems AEPS

AEPS is a bank-led concept that enables online interoperable financial inclusion

transactions at the point of sale (MicroATM) using Aadhaar authentication
through any bank’s Business correspondent.
It is a payment service that allows a bank client to access his or her Aadhaar-
enabled bank account and complete basic banking operations such as balance
inquiry, cash deposit, cash withdrawal, and remittances through a Business
Correspondent using Aadhaar as his or her identification.

1.5.2.2 BPO Promotion Scheme (IBPS)

The India BPO Promotion Scheme (IBPS) aims to encourage the construction of
48,300 seats across the country for BPO/ITES activities. With a budget of Rs.
493 crore, it is dispersed across the states in accordance to their population.
This would aid in the capacity building of smaller cities in terms of infrastructural
and human resources, and would serve as the foundation for the next wave of
IT/ITES-led growth. When three shift operations are included, this initiative has
the potential to create roughly 1.5 lakh direct jobs. It has the potential to generate
a large number of indirect jobs.

1.5.2.3 DIGIDHAN Bazaar

Citizens and merchants will be able to conduct real-time digital transactions

through the DIGIDHAN Bazaar as part of the program. It intends to assist
consumers in downloading, installing, and using various digital payment systems
for carrying out digital transactions by holding DigiDhan Melas across the
country.
1.5.2.4 MyGov platform

The Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi, unveiled the MyGov
platform, which is a ground-breaking project. It is a one-of-a-kind participatory
governance effort that involves the whole public.
MyGov’s concept is to bring the government closer to the people through the use
of an online platform that creates an interface for a healthy exchange of ideas and
opinions between citizens and professionals, with the ultimate goal of
contributing to India’s social and economic development.

1.5.2.5 National Mission on Education

The National Mission on Education through Information and Communication

Technology (NMEICT) was conceived as a centrally sponsored scheme to
harness the potential of ICT in the teaching and learning process for the benefit
of all learners in Higher Education Institutions at any time and from any location.
It is a ground-breaking project by the Ministry of Human Resource Development
to meet all of the educational and learning demands of students, teachers, and
lifelong learners.

1.5.2.6 North East BPO Promotion Scheme (NEBPS)

The North East BPO Promotion Scheme (NEBPS) has been approved under the
Digital India Program to encourage BPO/ITES operations in the North East
Region (NER) in order to create jobs and boost the IT-ITES industry.
The following are the goals of NEBPS:

 Creating jobs for the local youth in NER through boosting the IT/ITES
industry, particularly through the establishment of BPO/ITES enterprises.
  Encouragement of investment in the IT/ITES sector in the Northeast
Region in order to broaden the IT industry’s base and ensure balanced
regional growth.

1.5.2.7 NREGA- Soft

NREGA plans to roll out e-Government across the state, district, and three levels
of Panchayati Raj institutions. It uses information technology as a facilitator to
empower the average man.
NREGAsoft complies with the Right to Information Act by providing
information to citizens (RTI Act). It makes all documents such as Muster Rolls,
registration application registers, job cards/employment registers/muster roll
issue registers, and muster roll receipt registers available to the public.

1.5.2.8 OpenForge

OpenForge is the Indian government’s platform for open collaborative e-

governance application development. The government hopes to promote the
usage of open source software as well as the sharing and reuse of e-governance-
related source code through this platform.
OpenForge’s goals are to:

 Provide a platform for preserving government source code repositories and

version control; Promote a culture of open collaborative application
development between public agencies and private enterprises, citizens, and
institutions.

 Deliver e-governance services and solutions of higher quality and security

through increased transparency and mass peer review

 Reduce e-governance project costs and bring down total cost of ownership
through a system of reuse, remixing, and sharing.
1.5.2.9 PAY GOV India

A National Payment Service platform has been proposed for an uniform e-

Government infrastructure that will provide citizens with an end-to-end
transactional experience that involves accessing various services via the internet
and making online payments through a payment gateway interface.
The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, in collaboration with
NSDL Database Management Ltd (NDML), developed a common infrastructure
that can be used by the Center, States, and Departments to provide a variety of
services through their national and state portals, including the ability to make
online payments with net banking, credit cards, and debit cards.

1.5.3 SERVICES

1.5.3.1 Accessible India Campaign and Mobile App

Sugamya Bharat Abhiyaan, or the Accessible India Program, is a national

flagship campaign aimed at attaining universal accessibility, which allows
individuals with disabilities to have equal access, live independently, and actively
engage in all parts of life in an inclusive society.
The program aims to improve the built environment, transportation system, and
information and communication ecosystem’s accessibility.
The mobile app is a crowd-sourcing mechanism for obtaining full information on
inaccessible locations across the country.
The mobile application is available for download from the relevant App Stores
for IOS, Android, and Windows.
1.5.3.2 AgriMarket Mobile App

The mobile application was created with the goal of keeping farmers up to date
on agricultural prices and discouraging them from conducting distress sales. The
AgriMarket Mobile App allows farmers to access information about crop pricing
in markets within 50 kilometers of their device.
This software uses mobile GPS to automatically capture the position of farmers
and retrieve market values for crops within a 50-kilometer radius. The Agmarknet
portal is used to obtain agri commodity prices. The apps are currently accessible
in two languages: English and Hindi.

1.5.3.3 Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

The program strives to ensure that girls are born, reared, and educated without
discrimination so that they can become empowered citizens. In 100 districts, the
program connects national, state, and district-level interventions with
community-level action, bringing together various stakeholders for greater
impact. Various videos linked to the campaign can be found on the initiative’s
YouTube channel.

1.5.3.4 Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM)

Bharat Interface for Money (BHIM) is an app that uses the Unified Payments
Interface to make financial transactions simple, easy, and rapid (UPI).
It allows for instant bank-to-bank payments and money collection utilizing a
mobile phone or a payment address.
The Bharat Interface for Money app is presently available for Android devices
and can be downloaded from the Google Playstore.
1.5.3.5 Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems
(CCTNS)

CCTNS (Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems) is a plan scheme
based on the experience of a non-plan scheme, Common Integrated Police
Application (CIPA).
CCTNS aims to develop a comprehensive and integrated system for improving
policing efficiency and effectiveness by adopting the e-Governance principle and
establishing a nationwide networking infrastructure for the evolution of an IT-
enabled, state-of-the-art tracking system centred on ‘crime investigation and
detection of criminals.

1.5.3.6 Crop insurance mobile app:

Crop insurance mobile app can be used to calculate insurance premiums for
notified crops based on area, coverage amount, and loan amount if the farmer is
a loanee.
It can also be used to obtain information on any notified crop’s normal sum
insured, extended sum insured, premium details, and subsidy information in any
notified area.

1.5.3.7 Digital AIIMS:

The construction of an effective interface between AIIMS, the Unique

Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), and the Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology was the first stage in the Digital AIIMS project in
January 2015. (MeiTY).
An Aadhar platform was used to generate a unique health identification number
for each patient that visited AIIMS. Every patient who came to AIIMS was given
a Digital Identity thanks to the Unique Health Identification Number.
1.5.3.8 E-Panchayat:

E-Panchayat is a rural e-Government program that provides a full software

solution aimed at automating Gram Panchayat duties.
It’s a way for panchayat representatives to interact with the rest of the world, with
the goal of empowering local communities to showcase and share their social,
cultural, and economic practices, tales, and challenges.

1.5.3.9 E-Biz:

Infosys Technologies Limited (Infosys) is implementing eBiz under the direction

and supervision of the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP),
Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.
The goal of eBiz is to improve the country’s business environment by providing
quick and easy access to government-to-business (G2B) services via an internet
platform.
This will help to cut down on unnecessary delays in the many regulatory
processes that are required to start and maintain a firm.

1.6 ADVANTAGES

Digital India Mission is an initiative that encompasses plans to connect the rural
areas of the country with high-speed internet networks. Public Internet Access
Programme is one among the nine pillars of digital India.
On the platform of digital adoption, India ranks amongst the top 2 countries
globally and the digital economy of India is likely to cross $1 trillion by the year
2023.
Some of the advantages of Digital India are:

 There is an increase in electronic transactions related to e-governance.

  An optical fiber network of 2, 74,246 km has connected over 1.15 lakh
Gram Panchayats under the Bharat Net programme.

 A Common Service Center (CSC) is created under the National e-

Governance Project of the Indian government which provides access for
information and communication technology (ICT). Through computer and
Internet access, the CSCs provide multimedia content related to e-
governance, education, health, telemedicine, entertainment, and other
government and private services.

 Establishment of digital villages along with well-equipped facilities such

as solar lighting, LED assembly unit, sanitary napkin production unit, and
Wi-Fi choupal.

 Internet data is used as a major tool for the delivery of the services and the
urban internet penetration has reached 64%.

1.7 CHALLENGES

The government of India has taken an initiative through the Digital India Mission
to connect the rural areas of the country with high-speed internet networks. Apart
from the various initiatives taken by Digital India, there are several challenges
faced by it.
Some of the challenges and drawbacks of Digital Mission are mentioned below:

 The daily internet speed, as well as the Wi-Fi hotspots, are slow as
compared to other developed nations.

 Most of the small and medium scale industry has to struggle a lot for
adapting to the new modern technology.

 Limited capability of entry-level smartphones for smooth internet access.

  Lack of skilled manpower in the field of digital technology.

 To look for about one million cyber security experts to check and monitor
the growing menace of digital crime.

 Lack of user education.

1.8 CONCLUSION

Digitalization initiatives in India have made significant progress and have

improved access to digital services, promoted financial inclusion, and enabled the
Government to reduce paperwork and streamline processes.
However, there are several challenges associated with the digitalization initiatives
in India. To overcome these challenges, it is recommended that the Government
of India should increase investment in infrastructure and resources, promote
digital literacy, develop effective policies and regulations, ensure data privacy,
and ensure access to digital services in rural areas. Digitalization initiatives in
India also provide numerous opportunities for businesses and individuals to
benefit from them.

REFERENCES:

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_India
[2] https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1885962
[3] https://scripbox.com/saving-schemes/digital-india-scheme/?amp
[4] https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/digital-india/
[5] https://currentaffairs.adda247.com/digital-india-initiative/amp/