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    Soil Bearing Capacity

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    Ely Go Abarquez
    1. Shallow foundations transfer structural loads to the soil and include spread footings, strip footings, and mat foundations. Deep foundations like piles are used for heavier loads or when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. 2. There are two modes of foundation failure: settlement and bearing capacity failure. Settlement is the elastic or consolidation compression of soil under the load. Bearing capacity failure occurs when the soil shear strength is exceeded, causing shear planes to form. 3. The ultimate bearing capacity is the maximum pressure the soil can support without failure. The allowable bearing capacity takes into account factors of safety and is less than the ultimate capacity.

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    Soil Bearing Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Ely Go Abarquez
    40 views4 pages
    1. Shallow foundations transfer structural loads to the soil and include spread footings, strip footings, and mat foundations. Deep foundations like piles are used for heavier loads or when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. 2. There are two modes of foundation failure: settlement and bearing capacity failure. Settlement is the elastic or consolidation compression of soil under the load. Bearing capacity failure occurs when the soil shear strength is exceeded, causing shear planes to form. 3. The ultimate bearing capacity is the maximum pressure the soil can support without failure. The allowable bearing capacity takes into account factors of safety and is less than the ultimate capacity.

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    SOIL BEARING CAPACITY

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    1. Shallow foundations transfer structural loads to the soil and include spread footings, strip footings, and mat foundations. Deep foundations like piles are used for heavier loads or when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. 2. There are two modes of foundation failure: settlement and bearing capacity failure. Settlement is the elastic or consolidation compression of soil under the load. Bearing capacity failure occurs when the soil shear strength is exceeded, causing shear planes to form. 3. The ultimate bearing capacity is the maximum pressure the soil can support without failure. The allowable bearing capacity takes into account factors of safety and is less than the ultimate capacity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    40 views4 pages

    Soil Bearing Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Ely Go Abarquez
    1. Shallow foundations transfer structural loads to the soil and include spread footings, strip footings, and mat foundations. Deep foundations like piles are used for heavier loads or when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. 2. There are two modes of foundation failure: settlement and bearing capacity failure. Settlement is the elastic or consolidation compression of soil under the load. Bearing capacity failure occurs when the soil shear strength is exceeded, causing shear planes to form. 3. The ultimate bearing capacity is the maximum pressure the soil can support without failure. The allowable bearing capacity takes into account factors of safety and is less than the ultimate capacity.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    SOIL BEARING CAPACITY For foundations to function properly: (1)

    settlement within tolerable limit, (2) no shear


    FOR SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS failure of the soil supporting the foundation
    1.1 ULTIMATE SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY
    TWO MODES OF FAILURE THAT OCCUR TO A
    FOUNDATION:
    Lowest part of a structure generally is
    1. Settlement – elastic, consolidation
    referred to as the foundation.
    2. Bearing Capacity- deforming the soil
    Its function is to transfer the load of the
    through development of a shear plane
    structure to the soil on which it is resting.
    beneath a foundation
    It transfers the load throughout the soil
    without overstressing the soil.

    spread footing- enlargement of a load-bearing


    wall or column that makes it possible to
    spread the load of the structure over a larger
    area of the soil

    strip footing-a long wall footing (length-to-


    width ratio more than about five)

    mat foundation- concrete pad

    Pile and drilled shaft foundations-used for


    heavier structures when great depth is General Shear Failure - soil passes into a state
    required for supporting the load of plastic equilibrium and failure occurs by
    sliding
    Types of pile foundations
    friction piles-resisted by the shear stresses Local Shear Failure - slip surfaces end
    end-bearing piles- load transmitted at its tip to somewhere inside the soil
    a firm stratum

    drilled shafts-a shaft is drilled into the subsoil DEFINITION OF TERMS


    and then is filled with concrete 1. Foundation - a structure that transmits
    FOUNDATION TYPES: loads to the underlying soil.
    shallow foundations-foundations that have a 2. Footing - a foundation consisting of a small
    depth-of-embedment-to-width ratio of slab for transmitting the structural load to the
    approximately less than four underlying soil (Spread, Combined, Strip, Mat
    deep foundations-ratio greater than 4 or Raft)
    3. Shallow Foundation - is one in which the
    ratio of the embedment depth to the width of
    foundation, Df/B <= 2.5
    4. Embedment depth (Df) = is the depth
    below the ground surface where the base of
    the foundation rests.
    5. Ultimate Bearing Capacity - the maximum
    pressure/stress that the soil can support.
    6. Ultimate net bearing capacity/ Safe
    bearing pressure - is the maximum pressure
    that the soil can support in excess of its
    current overburden stress.
    7. Safe bearing Capacity (qs) = is the intensitiy
    of applied pressure or stress that the soil will
    safely support without risk of a shear failure
    qs =qult.net/FS

    8. Allowable bearing capacity (qall) - is


    allowable intensity of the applied pressure or
    stress taking into account both bearing
    capacity and settlement.
    9. FS - is the ratio of the ultimate net bearing
    capacity to the allowable bearing capacity. In
    GE FS = 1.5 to 5.

    1.2 GENERAL SHEAR FAILURE


    Shallow foundation: Df ≤ B
    Strip Foundation: Df /B >5 Square qu:
    Deep Foundation: Df ≥ B

    TERZAGHI’S ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY Circular qu:

    B = diameter of the footing

    MODIFIED BEARING CAPACITY FACTORS

    CONTINUOUS:
    REISSNER

    PRANDTL

    MEYERHOF

    CORRECTIONS:
    For undrained condition, if the footing is
    subjected to vertical loading (that is, a=0 ),
    then

    Depth factor: To account for the shearing


    resistance developed along the failure surface
    in soil above the base of the footing.
    Shape factor: To determine the bearing
    1.2.2 KRIZEK (1965) APPROXIMATION WITH
    capacity of rectangular and circular footings.
    SD OF 15%
    Inclination factor: To determine the bearing
    capacity of a footing on which the direction of
    load application is inclined at a certain angle
    to the vertical
    MODIFIED GENERAL ULTIMATE BEARING
    CAPACITY EQUATION (MEYERHOF):

    VERTICAL: Ф’ - soil friction angle in degrees


    valid for Ф’ = 0° to 35°
    INCLINED:
    1.2.3 LOCAL SHEAR FAILURE

    Strip qu:

    Square qu:

    Circular qu:
    Net Allowable Bearing Capacity: allowable
    load per unit area of the foundation in excess
    of the existing vertical effective stress at the
    level of the foundation

    1.3 EFFECT OF GROUNDWATER

    CASE 1: groundwater at D distance above


    bottom of foundation

    CASE 2: groundwater coincides with bottom


    of foundation
    q=γDf
    γ, in the third term of the bearing capacity
    equations should be replaced by γ’

    CASE 3: groundwater at D distance below


    bottom of foundation
    q=γDf
    γ, in the third term of the bearing capacity
    equations should be replaced by γave

    1.4 FACTOR OF SAFETY

    Gross Allowable Bearing Capacity: allowable


    load per unit area to which the soil under the
    foundation should be subjected to avoid any
    chance of bearing capacity failure

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