11

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION
Misamis Street, Bago-Bantay, Quezon City

UNIFIED SUPPLEMENTARY LEARNING MATERIALS

(USLeM)

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
Module 3

Writers Language Editor Content Editor

Daisy L. Quimpo Bryan A. Pobe

Dr. Arnold C. Gatus
Allen James D. Bermejo
Leah Mae B. Enero
MANAGEMENT TEAM
Dr. Malcolm S. Garma
Regional Director
Dr. Genia V. Santos Dr. Arnold C. Gatus
CLMD Chief EPS, CLMD (English)
Dennis Mendoza Nancy C. Mabunga
LR EPS, CLMD Librarian, CLMD

This is a Government Property. Not For Sale

Sale
 Most Essential Learning Competencies:
Identify the Inquiry and State the Problem

a) Designs a research project related to daily life; (CS_RS11-IIIce-1)

b) Writes a research title; (CS_RS11-IIIce-2)
c) Provides justifications/reasons for conducting the research; (CS_RS11-IIIce-3) and
d) States research questions. (CS_RS11-IIIce-4)

Expectations
This Supplementary Learning Material will help you to:

● Design a research project related to daily life;

● Write a research title;
● Provide justifications/reasons for conducting the research; and
● State research questions.

Pre-Test
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. On a separate paper, write
the letter of your answer.

1. Why is there a requirement to limit my research to some extent?

A. because I cannot be given with all the resources that I would like to conduct my
research
B. because nobody is able to do such perfect research
C. because everything has limitations
D. because conducting research is just too difficult
2. Which of the following best describes the progress process for a research question?
A. Research topics must be refined first before doing preliminary research to
emphasize the literature review.
B. Preliminary research helps decrease a broad topic to a more manageable
question.
C. As specific questions are broadened to make the study more substantial.
D. A broad topic is cutdown to make it more noteworthy.
3. The following are the qualities of good research. Which is not included?
A. The research has a fundamental principle or theory.
B. The research findings produce new questions.
C. The research includes a vacuum of reading resources.
D. The research possesses uniqueness.
4. Which of the following is a good research question?
A. Who generates a report on student job searching behaviors?
B. How can we recognize the association between self-efficacy and student job
searching behaviors?
C. Do students with higher levels of self-efficacy express more active job searching
behaviors?
D. Do students with high levels of self-efficacy express more active job searching
behaviors?
5. The following are important characteristics of a researchable question EXCEPT ____.
A. The question is accountable by some sort of data that can be collected.
B. The question is giving an optimistic outcome to society.
C. The question is through.
D. The question is fascinating.
 Looking Back
Directions: Identify to what kind of qualitative research the following situations/
topics may be classified. Choose your answers from the box below. In the box provided,
write the letter of your answer. Use a separate sheet of paper.

1. Television Networks: Then and Now

2. The lived experiences of street children during Covid 19 pandemic.
3. Colloquial terms used by generation Z.
4. How jobless people cope up with depression during a pandemic.
5. Tricycle drivers were given unstructured interviews to help determine how
certain norms in the organization is formed.

Ethnography b. Historical c. Phenomenology d. Case study

e. Grounded Theory f. 7Content and Discourse Analysis

Brief Introduction
Deciding on a research topic takes time. Since you will exert your time and effort
and exhaust all your resources for this topic from this day forward, you have to weigh all the
factors involved while thinking of the pros and cons. To obtain information about your
research topic, one of the things that you can do is to ask questions. These questions are
problems needed to be solved. In research, the data that you collected will serve as sources
of information. The raw data can be transformed into information if it undergoes the method
of analyzing, interpreting, comparing, assessing, and concluding.

Begin your research work with a problem that you have an interest to solve with.
Deciding for a research topic drives you to consider the HOTS or Higher-Order Thinking
Strategies such as inferential, critical, integrative, and creative thinking to finally come up with
a specific topic in mind (Baraceros, 2016).

LESSON 1: Designing a Research Project Related to Daily Life

Activities
Activity 1 – Let Us Learn More!
Direction: Remember this ACRONYM.

D-esign a good research project related to your daily life by indicating the
O-bjectives or goals of the study.
I-nclude your justifications/reasons for conducting the research.
T-ype of research must be determined.
N-o to
O-ut of bounds topics.
W-rite your research title based on the guidelines and state good research problems.
LESSON 2: Writing a Research Title
Activity 2. Let’s Find Out!

DESCRIPTION SYMBOL
CONTROVERSIAL - The topic depends greatly on the writer’s opinion; tend to be
biased or prejudicial.
BROAD - A too broad topic that prevents you from giving a concentrated or an in-
depth analysis
VAGUE - The topic that has no clear focus, examples are the usage of terms that
have several meanings or indefinite adjectives like “some”, “several”, “few”, “many”,
etc.
NARROW - The topic is so limited or specific that a piece of extensive or thorough
information is required.
HIGHLY TECHNICAL - The topic requires an advanced study, technical
knowledge, and vast experience
HARD TO INVESTIGATE- The topic that has no available reading materials/not up-
to-date

RESEARCH TOPICS SYMBOL

1 Some Excessively Priced COVID 19 Vaccines
2 Definition of Research
3 The Admiration of Filipino’s to the Current President of the Philippines
4 The Extent of Filipinos’ Faith in God in Times of Crisis
5 Building Nuclear Laboratories

Activity 2.1. Let’s Try This!

Directions: Categorize the following research topics according to the correct description. Put
the appropriate symbol assigned for each description that corresponds to its characteristic.
Activity 2.2. Let’s Explore!
Directions: List down/identify problems/topics that you observe/notice/get from the following
sources. The first one is done for you.
Sources of Qualitative Research

Sources of Potential Research TOPICS

Topics or Problems (give at least 3)
❖ The purpose of hidden messages in the media.
Mass Media communication – Press ❖ How to deal with television violence?
(Newspaper, ads, TV, radio, films, etc.) ❖ Role of media for educational purposes.
❖ The impact of the internet on media
development.
Books, Internet, peer-reviewed journals,
government publications
Professional periodicals like – College
English Language Teaching Forum, English
Forum, The Economist, Academia, Business
Circle, Law Review, etc.
General Periodicals such as Reader’s Digest
Women’s Magazine, Time Magazine, etc.
Previous reading assignments in your
projects
Work experience
Own or other people experiences/interest in
something
 Activity 2.3. Let’s Do the Right-Thing (Writing)!
Directions: Write three (3) possible research titles that you want to conduct. Then, identify
the type of research you will employ. (10 points each)

RESEARCH TOPICS/TITLES
1. Ex. The Lived Experiences of Filipino Nurses during COVID-19 Crisis Situation
(Phenomenology/Ethnography)
2.
3.
Then, accomplish the checklist below to evaluate your proposed research titles.
Guidelines in Selecting Research Topic Y N
1. Does the topic you choose interest you? INTERESTING
2. Is the topic manageable concerning the time allotment and FEASIBLE
needed facilities? Is it economical and practical?
3. Do you have an adequate level of expertise (mental CAPABLE
capacity) for the topic you are proposing?
4. Does your topic ensure to add to an existing body of RELEVANT
knowledge, bridge the current gaps, and be useful in policy,
significant to the field of study or discipline?
5. Are data/information/materials for your topic available? AVAILABLE
6. Does your topic follow ethical standards? ETHICAL
7. Would the topic beneficial and be of importance to building SIGNIFICANT
more knowledge in individuals or society?
8. Is your topic creative and original and different from what ORIGINAL
has already been written?
9. Is your research problem concise? CONCISE
10. Is your topic clear and easy to understand? RESEARCHABLE
11. Is your topic timely (related to the present) or a trending CURRENT
issue?

LESSON 3: Providing Justifications/Reasons for Conducting the Research

The research idea that garnered the highest number of checkmarks could help you
determine the topic you will choose. It is suggested that this idea must have the greatest
number of good qualities for you to easily justify the conduct of the study.

Aside from the given self-assessment checklist on the qualities of your research ideas,
you may also follow these tips to help you in deciding on your research topic:

1. Ask. You may need the opinion of the people you can easily depend on, or the
people who have ample experience in doing research. Ponder on their thoughts in
comparison with the qualities of good research that you learned. In data gathering,
it is called Primary Source.

2. Read. You may refer to books or any reading materials that offer you insights about your
research ideas. These materials can be in soft or hard copies. Use references that are
credible, reliable, and cited by many scholarly articles. In data gathering, it is called
Secondary Source.
3. Provide Justification. You may elaborate on the different reasons why particular
research must be conducted. In this way, the legitimacy of the research can be
established.
Activity 3. Written Topic Presentation
Directions: In this activity, you will justify why your research must be conducted. Be as clear
as possible. You may group the justifications thematically and provide detailed explanations
for each. Write this in a form of an essay consisting of 300 words. Use your worksheet to do
this activity. You may explain the context surrounding your topic by:

1. enumerating the importance of the findings your research may offer;

2. citing alarming statistics concerning the problem left unresolved;
3. describing the issue or concern offering a solution that your research may pose;
4. stating the beneficiaries of the findings of the research;
5. showing the novelty of the research being conducted and how it would bring fresh addition
to the body of knowledge.

LESSON 4: Stating Research Questions

Qualitative research questions seek out to discover or explain phenomena, so they are
frequently more broad and ambiguously worded. They may consist of only one concept,
though many contain more than one. As an alternative to inquiring how one variable affects
change in another, we are instead seeking to comprehend the experiences, understandings,
and meanings that people have about the concepts in our research question. Incorporate the
following sorts of qualitative words to obtain the type of replies you are considering for
respondents: How, What, Generate, Identify, Describe, Meaning, Outline, and Experience.

A research question is a problem about which you center your research. In general,
however, a good research question should include the following:

Research questions help writers highlight their research by establishing a direction

through the completeness of the research and writing process. The clarity of a well-developed
research question facilitates researchers avoid the “all-about” paper instead work in the
direction of supporting accurate, debatable research.

Activity 4.1. The Very Good Question

Directions: Read each question below and rank them on a scale of 1 to 10 (1= lowest, 10 =
highest) based on the given parameters in writing a good research question. If you find that
the questions are not so good, then rewrite the questions on the last column of the table. If
you think each is already good, then write your justification also.
 Your Rating Revised
Qualitative Research Question Question/
Feasible Clear Significant Ethical
Justification
1. What do you like most about
your favorite café or coffee
shop?
2. Is modular learning or online
learning more effective in
teaching Research and
Science subjects?
3. Why do you prefer listening
to rock music more than
other music genres?
4. What is the relationship
between sexual orientation
or gender identity and
homelessness for late
adolescents in foster care?
5. Could you describe the most
important factors in your
life?

Guide Question:
Will it be considered a good research question if it does not possess all the characteristics
mentioned above? Why do you think so?

Various types of studies go under the umbrella of qualitative research, each with its
specific philosophy and ways of seeing the world not to mention the different ways of
interpreting data. Here are a few qualitative research question examples that could be used
through different qualitative approaches:
Grounded theory: What are the attitudes of physically handicapped people towards the daily
use of assistive devices and technologies?

Phenomenology: What role does the family’s spirituality play in the treatment of a family
member suffering from depression amidst this pandemic?
Ethnography: How do adolescent students conceptualize online class participation
processes shape active oral participation?
Narrative inquiry: How does a good everyday life come about when living with
musculoskeletal conditions?
Case study: What strategies are being used by small businesses keeping them afloat in the
midst of this pandemic?

Activity 4.2. State your Research Questions

Directions: Perform the following task. Referring to your background of the study and
research problem, list your research questions. When formulating these questions, consider
the design of your quantitative research.

1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
 Criteria 3 2 1

The statement of the The statement of the The statement of the

Correctness and
general problem is general problem is general problem is
sufficiency of the
correctly and slightly correct and not correctly and
general problem
sufficiently provided. moderately sufficient. sufficiently provided

The questions stated The questions stated The questions stated

Quality of the are concise and are relatively concise are poorly written.
research questions definite. and fairly written.

Appropriateness of The questions The questions The questions are not

the research support the general somehow support the coherent to the
questions to the problem and abide by general problem and general problem and
general problem and the topic itself. are quite congruent do not abide by the
topic to the topic. topic.

The questions can be The questions need The questions can be

Qualitative
measured using the more explanations to measured using the
measurability of the
qualitative method of measure the data qualitative method of
research questions
acquiring data qualitatively. acquiring data

Grammar of the The SOP has no The SOP has 1-3 The SOP has 4 and
Statement of the grammar lapses. grammar lapses more grammar lapses
Problem (SOP)

Remember

1. One of the major driving forces for conducting research is your area of interest.
2. Topics that are highly technical, vague, controversial, hard to investigate, and too broad or
narrow are some of the factors that limit you from conducting research.
3. The qualities of good research entail feasibility, practicality, logicality, usefulness, validity,
verifiability, interest, and novelty.
4. The title of the research paper must be definite enough to achieve the overall impression of
the study being conducted.
5. A research problem is a general statement that provides context to your study.
The justification of the research includes the purpose or intent to solve an arising problem.
6.Research questions stem up as you deliberate on the what’s, how’s and why’s of the research
problem
7. Research questions must be concise, definite, specific, measurable, free from
misinterpretations, and sufficient to provide an answer to the general problem.
 Checking of Understanding
Directions: Create a learning map based on the key takeaways that you have
learned from the lessons: designing a research project, writing a research title,
providing justifications/reasons for conducting the research, and stating research questions.
Refer to the template shown below.
 Post-Test
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. On a separate paper, write
the letter of your answer.
1. The following are important characteristics of a researchable question except ____.
A. The question is accountable by some sort of data that can be collected.
B. The question is giving an optimistic outcome to society.
C. The question is through.
D. The question is fascinating.
2. Which of the subsequent is a good research question?
A. Who generates a report on student job searching behaviors?
B. How can we recognize the association between self-efficacy and student job
searching behaviors?
C. Do students with higher levels of self-efficacy express more active job searching
behaviors?
D. Do students with high levels of self-efficacy express more active job searching
behaviors?
3. Which of the following best describes the progress process for a research question?
A. Research topics must be refined first before doing preliminary research to emphasize
the literature review.
B. Preliminary research helps decrease a broad topic to a more manageable question.
C. As specific questions are broadened to make the study more substantial.
D. A broad topic is cutdown to make it more noteworthy.
4. The following are the qualities of good research. Which is not included?
A. The research has a fundamental principle or theory.
B. The research findings produce new questions.
C. The research includes a vacuum of reading resources.
D. The research possesses uniqueness.
5. Why is there a requirement to limit my research to some extent?
A. because I cannot be given with all the resources that I would like to conduct my
research
B. because nobody are able to do such perfect research
C. because everything has limitations
D. because conducting research is just too difficult

References
Balch, T. (2012). How to compose a title for your research paper. Augmented trader blog. The
Writing Lab and The OWL Purdue University
Babbie, E. (2014). The basics of social research. 6th edition. USA: Wadsworth-Cengage
learning.
Baraceros, E. (2016). Practical research 1. 1st edition. Rex Bookstore. ISBN 978-971-23-
8077-8
Gepila, E, Dagñalan, E., Jimenez, M., Aguilar, J.C., Lorenzo, D., and Quiñones R. (2017)
Research in Daily Life Practical Research 2 Introductory Guide to Quantitative Research
Litchman, M. (2013). Qualitative research in education: A university’s guide. 3rd edition.
London: Sage
Web Reference: https://www.studentsassignmenthelp.com/research-topics/qualitative/