Sachmoi24h. 08 70 | Grammar Practice A Circle the correct answer Yesterday evening, I went to Tim's house because he wanted to talk to me. He told (1) me / to me that he (2) is planning / was planning to go on a business trip to Italy (3) next week / the following week. He said that he (4) was going / will going to stay in Milan for ten days and that he (5) needed / will need my help with his house and garden. He explained (6) me / to me that somebody (7) had / must to feed his fish and water his plants, He also said that he (8) won't trust / didn’t trust anybody else but me, and he (9) would appreciate / will apprectate i if I accepted / accept B Rewrite the sentences using Reported Speech. 1. “Lcan’t talk now because I'm very busy,” Hugh said Hugh said 2. “Weenjoyed the documentary we saw last night,” the children told their mother. ‘The children told their mother = ULE ta ” Bob said. 3. “Imust get up early tomorrow mornin, Bob said 4, “Ihave already complained about the noi e twice today,” Martha told him Martha told him 5. “The mechanic will fix my car tomorrow,” Mr Burton said Mr Burton said C Choose the correct answer. 1, Peter said that he a new pair of jeans. 4, They told Benny that they __ travel to Egypt. a had bought b. buys a. ought b, might 2. Emilytold me that she that recipe for 5, Floracomplained that her brother reading cheese cake on the Internet, her diary. a. had found b. finds a. kept b, was keeping 3. He said that we had to deliver these parcels Hesaid that he had sold his car a year a, previous day. the following day a. before b. previous D Change the following sentences into Reported Speech. Use one of the reporting verbs in the box, making the necessary change. offer accuse of advise suggest deny 1, “Helen,you lied to me,” Cynthia sai. Cynthia 2. “Let's have dinner at my house tonight,” Peter said, Peter i 3.“T'll drive you to the airport,” Calvin told Mark. Calvin 4,“ didn’t break the window,” Jack said. Jack 5. “You should see a dentist before your toothache gets worse,” John told his sister. John :Sachmoi24h.com 000 7 | Vocabulary Practice A Complete the word formation table and then complete the dialogue with the correct derivative. E beliet (un) eee ees (tx). EI aa exhibitor, . i Bi | koe completion (ny (incompletely 4.| — burgle ae : : 5 me a playful 6 exhaustion tate : ft 2 luck = A: Hi, Emma, What's up? B: Hi, Joanne. You won't (1) what BELIEF happened to me yesterday. When I returned home from the book (2) : EXHIBIT 1 found the window of my bedroom broken and the whole house in a complete mess. It was obvious that a (3)_____had broken BURGLE, into my house. Az Really? Did he steal anything? : Yes. He stole the TV set and the DVD (4) as well as some money. also PLAY found the drawer where I keep my jewellery (8) ___, empty! Imagine all my COMPLETE, jewellery gone! (6) _ he didn’t have time to steal anything else, as far as LUCK could see. Then I called the police and tried to tidy up the house. I was really ©. when I finished. EXHAUST Az I guess, it wasn’t your lucky day, Emma. B Complete the sentences using the correct phrasal verb. break in(to): enier o building or cor by force fo steal sth break down: stop working because of break in: to interrupt when sb else is tolking mechanical fault break out (of violent events): start suddenly break through: make o way through sth by force 1. The firefighters had to a. break through 2. The burglar a. broke out b. broke into €. broke down wall to put out the fire in the factory break in . break out their house through the bathroom window. 3. As Barbara was talking, Fay suddenly . saying, “You're to blame". a broke in b. broke down . broke out 4, As I was driving back home, my car a broke out b. broke through «. broke down 5.1 think that the World War T in 1914, ‘a, broke down . broke in «, broke outSachmoi24h.com unit 1 5 | Reported Questions, Commands & Requests When Mr Benson entered the office on Monday morning, he asked me where Kevin was. I replied that he was in hospital with a broken leg. Mr Benson was very surprised ‘and wanted to know why no one had told him about it reminded him that he had been away on business the previous week. Then he asked me to call Kevin on his ‘mobile phone and sent into his fice. Reported Questions + To change questions from Direct Speech into Reported Speech, we change tenses, pronouns, and other words just as in reported statements. Reported questions begin with the reporting verbs ask, wonder and want to know and they follow the word order of affirmative sentences, ie. subject + verb + object. There is a full stop, not a question tunatk at the end of a reported question. * If the direct question begins with a question word, “Where are you going?” he asked me. (who, which, what, where, when, how, etc), the He asked me where I was going. reported question also begins with the same question word. * Ifthe direct question does not begin with a question “Did you waich the documentary last night?” Brad! asked word, but with an auxiliary verb, (o/does, did, have/ his friend. has, eic), the reported question begins with if or Brad asked his friend if /whether he had watched the whether. documentary the previous night BPE Question Tags ore omitted in Reported Speech, “They haven't arrived yet, have they?” he asked. He asked if/whether they hed arrived yet Reported Commands & Requests + To change commands from Direct Speech into Reported Speech, we use the reporting verbs tell, order, warn, etc., which are followed by a full infinitive or not + full infinitive. “Be quiet,” the teacher sald. > The teacher tld me to be quiet. “Don't make noise,” Mum said. > Mum told me not to make noise. * To change requests from Direct Speech into Reported Speech, we use the reporting verbs ask, beg, ete., which are followed by a full infinitive or not + full infinitive. “Give me a glass of water, please.” Tony said. Tony asked me to give him a glass of water. “Please Anna, don't tell anyone else,” Kate said, Kate asked Anna not to «cll anyone clse. When the direct request is in question form, in Reported Speech the verb of the sentence changes to nr ful infinitive. “Will you close the window" Ben said. > Ben asked me to close the window.Sachmoi24h.com | Grammar Practice A Rewrite the sentences using Reported Speech. 1. “Do you need help with the cleaning?” I asked Fiona 2. “Bring me some more coffee, please” Jeremy asked the waiter. 3. “What did you do yesterday, Alan?” Nelson wondered, ‘Don’t stay out late tonight” mother told Chis. 5. “Are we going to a restaurant tonight?” Bob wanted to know. 6. “Get out of the car immediately” the police officer ordered the driver. B Rewrite the following dialogue using Reported Speech. Alex: So, what are you doing tonight, Dennis? Alex: Will you be very angry at me if I don’t come Dennis: We're having dinner with the Foresters, with you, Dennis? remember? Dennis: Yes, of course, I will! We have to go, because Alex: I completely forgot about it. ‘we're going to discuss the new project and I Dennis: I'l pick you up at 9:00 tonight. really need your support. So, start getting ready! a 2 Eb 4 a 6. C choose the correct answer, a, b or c. 1. Lasked Danny me back the book. a. bring b. if he brings e.to bring, 2. Andrew asked Tom to work the previous day. a. why hadn’t he come b. why he hadn’t come _€. why didn’t he come 3. Our teacher wondered the question. a. if we understood we understand —_e, do we understand My parents warned me that again a. doing did Ido €. not to do 5, He told his mother early in the morning. wake him up to wake him up . woke him up 6. Elisabeth wanted to know a good book lately. a. if Tread if I'm reading cif Thad readSachmoi24h.com © goer ese Re SRS D Rewrite the sentences using Direct Speech. 1. Philip told his parents that he wanted to become a lawyer. 2. Matt suggested trying to finish the project by Friday. 3. Peter told Tom that he couldn't be there on time. 4. Mary told us that she had never met Larry's sister before. 5. Charlie said that he would be working all day that day. 6. My father told me that if I disobeyed, I would get into serious trouble. 7. My sister wanted to know what time Emily was meeting us. 8. The policeman ordered me to give him my passport immediately. a | Vocabulary Practice A Complete the short di jogues with the correct “catch” expression. catch sb red-handed: find sb in the act of doing sth bad or illegal catch a cold: become ill/come down with o cold catch sb’s eye: otiraci b's ottention catch sight of sb/sth: see sb/sih for © moment, suddenly notice catch sb off guard: surprise sb by doing or saying sth they were not expecting 1, A: What are your plans for the weekend? B: Babysitting! You see, when the Walkers asked me to babysit for them, I was and agreed to it without thinking twice. 2. A: Are you OK, Barry? You don’t look very well. Bs: The truth is that I haven't been feeling well all day today. I've got a terrible headache and a sore throat, Maybe Tye 3. A: I'm really angry at the waiter. I've been trying to for half an hour but he never looks this way. B: Maybe we should talk to the manager. 4, A: Do you know why they fired Steve? B: Well, I don’t know if it’s true, but I've heard that Mr Collins was taking money from the tll 5. A: Oh, Max, where's the bus? I can’t stand waiting here any longer. Bs Daniel, stop nagging. I just the bus in the distance.Sachmoi24h.com age 75 B Fill in the word formation table and then complete the text using the correct derivative. Aa Oe ADVERB nationality. Es see : - Bt e stranger ee a terrify . terrible . terribly . robbery ulness thankfully Yesterday morning, Iwas waiting at the (1) NATION Bank to pay some bills. While I was talking on my mobile phone, I ‘ caught Q)________of a young man dressed in black SEE who was acting a bit (3) Ina couple of STRANGE | minutes, he put on a mask, approached the teller and asked for all Ure money, The teller was (4) and did TERRIFY 4 ‘as he was told. The (5) took the money ROB | and vanished in no time. (6) . nobody was hurt THANK i 7 aTSachmoi24h.com oe Revision (05) | Grammar Practice A Choose the correct answer. 1. I was very tired yesterday because 1 for two nights. a hudn’t been sleeping, hadnt slept didn’t sleep 4. was sleeping 2. How long had you been standing there before I you? a. see b. had seen ¢. was seeing 4. saw 3. When Jill heard the alarm, she ran out of the house, but the thieves her car. a had already stolen _b, were already stolen ¢. already stole d. had already been stealing 4. Mark to learn Spanish on his own for three years, but last year he decided to go to a language school. a. was trying b. had been trying . has tried 4. has been trying 5. Eric said that he had lost his mobille phone a. yesterday b. previous day the day until 4. the day before 6. Carl told that Tom couldn’t be there on time. a. me b. to me ©. for me a. are 7. His secretary told them in the office. a. not wait b.not to wait ©. to not wait a. don’t wait 8. Mr Taylor to the hotel manager about the service in the hotel a. said b. explained €. accused 4. complained 9. Mike asked me abroad before a, whether I travel , had I travelled ¢ if Travelled 4. whether I had travelled 10. The police officer asked me a. where are you from b, whether you are from __¢, where I was from 4. where was I from B Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the ‘You must use between two and five words including the word given. 1. Nelson was still sending e-mails when Rex called him. finished Nelson sending e-mails when Rex called him. 2. He had been asleep for only five minutes when he heard a loud noise. sleeping He for only five minutes when he heard a loud noise. 3. “Sometimes I can’t understand Jim,” said Norman. could Norman said that sometimes sim, 4. “Gerry has just talked to the manager,” Peter said, had Petersaidthat__-— to the manager. ‘5. “Put all your toys in the toy box, children,” said Mum, to Mum told the children ae in the toy box, 6. “How did you break your arm?” asked Fred. broken Fred asked me my arm, 7. “Don’t park your ear here,” said Mr Silver. not Mr Silver told my car there. “When are you planning to leave?” Gina asked. was Gina asked me when tea.Sachmoi24h.com LT | Vocabulary Practice A Choose the correct answer. 1. Both my brother and I are still ‘our old friends from Dover. a. in place of . in touch with, ¢. in answer to 2. Could you tell me who is of the marketing department? a. in charge b. in answer in agreement 3.In painting the whole house, he built a new garage. charge of b. front of . addition to, 4. The children were telling stories the fireplace a. in place of b, in touch with . in addition to 5. The teacher asked me when World War II a. broke out b. broke in €. broke into 6. Joe was late because his ear had a, broken out b. broken in ©. broken down 7. Somebody my best friend’s house a week ago. a, broke out b. broke into €. broke through 8. I'm sorry for ‘on your conversation but we have to leave soon. a, breaking b. breaking down ¢. breaking through 9, He was caught stealing money from my purse. a. off guard Db. sight of e.acold 10. Don’t walk in the rain without your anorak or you'll a. catch a cold b. catch sight of it . catch your eye 1, The newspaper headline about the earthquake caught his a. sight b. cold eye 12. Even though I hadn't planned to, I accepted the offer because I was caught a. sight of b. off guard c.acold B Complete the sentences with the correct derivative. 1. Terry has had a long, career as a businessman, 2. Laccepted his for keeping me waiting. 3. The opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was really 4, They were all worried about his sudden 5. We were really after the lang journey to Melbourne 6. The Websters reported the to the police. 7. Imet my English teacher at a book last Saturday. 8. Their new colleague is acting a bit 9. There are students of different at his school, 10. An old woman fainted during the bank yesterday, 4. in addition to 4. in comparison d. touch with 4d. in front of 4d. broke down 4. broken through 4d, broke down 4. breaking out 4. red-handed 4. catch it off guard 4. off guard SUCCESS. APOLOGISE AMAZE, DISAPPEAR EXHAUST BURGLAR EXIBIT STRANGE, NATION ROBBERSachmoi24h.com Choose the correct answer. I bumped into Ted yesterday and he (1) ____ me that he had visited the National Gallery last week. While he was looking at some paintings, the alarm sounded. Someone (2) two paintings worth millions of dollars. He went on to say that this was not the first time that something like this had happened, Just two months earlier some burglars had (3) the gallery and stolen five very valuable paintings. The police arrived within minutes and nobody was allowed to leave the gallery until the police had had a chance to question them. (4) of the investigation was Detective Charlie Barley. He asked Ted (5) _ anything, but unfortunately he had not, and was therefore not in a position to help. La. said b.told exclaimed a. asked 2. had stolen b. had been stealing «has stolen 4, has been stealing 3. broken out of b. broken through ¢. broken into 4. broken down 4.a.In charge b. In front In place 4. In touch 5.a, had he seen , when he had seen ¢. have you seen d. if he had seenSachmoi24h.com * 1 6 | Passive Voice I | Tra fight ts delayed or cancelled, our clients are usually compensated with free meals, hotel rooms or long-distance calls. An alternate flight with the same or a different airline can also be arranged in some cases. A. Passive Voice ‘The Active Voice indicates that the subject of the verb carries out an action. The Passive Voice * indicates that the subject of the verb receives the result The new hotel was decorated by Alf Donovan. Of an action that somebody or something else performs. + is used to emphasise the action rather than who or what My scooter was repaired yesterday is responsible for it Bu CEC CR nem Ct +The object (person or thing) of the verb in the Active Voice becomes the subject of the verb in the Passive Voice. + We use the verb be in the same tense as the verb in the Active Voice. + We use the past participle of the main verb after the verb be. *To indicate who or what carries out the action, we use the preposition by with the subject of the active verb (agent). Verb orn anteg om ihe Had = The Niad ‘was written by Homer. BERR Vic omit by + agent + When we don’t know who or what causes the action Tony's car wos stolen last Saturdoy. + When it is easy to figure out who the agent i. In these cases, in the Active Voice, the subject is usvclly people, they, someone, one, ete. Active Voice ople speak English all over the world. Passive Voice: English is spoken all over the world.Sachmoi24h.com (en ate B. Simple Tenses ee en Seo Eos ene arenes Sarg will be + past participle Walter's flight will be delayed. RNAI Site teen pct pre |< Aes wil a Be Sent by ‘The interrogative and negative are formed with the corresponding interrogative and negative forms of the verb be and the past participle of the main verb. Were all the invitations sent yesterday? He hadn't been informed about the meeting. C. Modal Verbs ‘We form the Passive Voice with the modal verb + be + the Dictionaries may be used during the test. past participle of the main verb These parcels must be delivered tomorrow morning. ‘The interrogative and negative are formed with the Can all these tests be marked by tomorrow? corresponding interrogative and negative forms of the My parents shouldn't be told the bad news. ‘modal verb | Grammar Practice A Complete the text with the correct form of the verbs in brackets using the Passive Voi Healthy Fast Food | Fes con “eri th tbh yt vate a ase royeemet ras ary healthy. Soon, Veggie Drinks, made from different vegetables and fruit, (add) to our menu. | See Eo sere ceasevan nn (bring) to our Veggie Houses. Trey) (deliver from our own farme. Te ea hin oat fot resto think fv yore. est od estar ae gl et wt et os baa Tes one el, Ot at ede Hof) er ee ey oe oes ene T conan at eed rats 20 eee eee Have you tasted He@IThY Fast FOOM? you ove itSachmoi24h.com | mS B Rewrite the sentences using the Passive Voice. 1. Each year, they kill hundreds of birds. 2, Someone broke into Mike’s house last night. 3. The mechanic hasn’t repaired Bill’s motorcycle yet. 4, Had John paid the electricity bill before he moved house? 5. The architect will make the plans for the house. 6. We should recycle materials like paper, glass and metal, 7. Must she rewrite the whole composition? C Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, u: given. You must use between two and five words including the word given. 1. My mother cooked a delicious meal last night. was A by my mother last night. 2. People of all ages enjoy package holidays. are Package holidays people of all ages. 3. Thad fed my rabbit before I went to work. been My rabbit before I went to work. 4, We can deliver your shopping to your house. be Your to your house. 5. Our school has organised a charity bazaar for the homeless, been A charity bazaar for the homeless by our school. 6. Will they reserve a table for the Wilsons? reserved Will for the Wilsons? D Complete the text with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets in the Active or in the Passive Voice. ‘The English language (1) (be) around for quite a long time. It (2) (originally/speak) in Britain by the Anglo-Saxons 1500 years ago, but it (3) differ) a lot from the language we Oy (know) today. Since then, the English language (5) (Change) a lot and it One (speak) as a first language in the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and the Caribbean, and it (8) (use) as an official (Spread) all over the world. It (7) language in more than 70 countries. A lot of different forms and varieties of English (9) (use) not only across the world, but even within the British Isles. English (10) ___(inereasingly/become) a global language. It (11) (Geach) as a foreign language in several countries. More and more people (a2) (use) English when travelling and doing business abroad. It seems that English is here to stay as ternational communication. the language ofSachmoi24h.com SS | Vocabulary Practice A Fill in the word formation table and then complete the text using the correct derivative. Z NOUN ene ADVERB attract attractively 2 persuasive persuasively 2 = ren searing netted | aeectat SME ca decoratively 5 enjoyment enjoyably 6 repeated, repetitive ih een 8 organiser, =e 5 My bes friend works as a (1) worker fora non-profit consTRUCT @ He builds houses and bridges in developing counties ORGANISE ve often wondered about his @) of profession, but ashe says cHoosr its more (4)____to be out in the open ar than stuck in an office ENJOY He has @) asked me to join him on one of his trips. Last month REPEAT he was 30 (6) he finally got me to go along with him to a remote PERSUADE village in Africa. My friend began work on a well there and after spending a few weeks with him I understood what the (7) oF al Sieh pescea mea WANTRAGT, lots of different places, he gets to make a real difference in the lives of poor people. In the end, I went home with some great new (8) for my home DECORATE and with lots of respect for my friend and what he does. B Choose the correct answer, a, b or under the supervision of: being checked by sb under consideration of: being thought about to make sure that everything is done properly under construction/repair: being buili/epoired under age: not old enough, younger than o under the same roof: in the same building specified age 1, I couldn't possibly live under with him. a the same roof, b. the supervision ¢. repair 2, The new metro station is still under a. age b. construction . the same roof 3. These pills should be taken under of a doctor. consideration b. construction _¢. the supervision 4. Victor doesn’t let his son drive because he's under a. repair b.age . the same roof 5. The committee's proposals are still under a. construction b, repair c. considerationSachmoi24h.com unit ‘1 7 Clauses of Reason, Concession & Purpose Mr Jones finished his breakfast and decided to walk to the picturesque old port so as to take some ‘more pictures of it for his collection. However, a _few minutes after he had left the hotel, it started to rain heavily. He did't have an umbrella, so he wondered if he should change his plans Because of the heavy rain. Despite the bad weather, he kept on walking, keeping his camera in his sack 0 that it didn’t get wet. He really wanted 10 take those pictures before he left A. Clauses of Reason + Clauses of Reason express the reason for something. I tipioed into the living room as I didn't want to disturb They are introduced with because, as and since. ‘my grandfather. To express reason we can also use: because of / due to + -ing form or noun/the fact + that clause Due to the fact that sales have been falling this year, we won't be able to take on any more staff fe B. Clauses of Concession + Clauses of Concession express contrast or opposition to the main clause-They are introduced with although, ‘even though, though, in spite of, despite, but, while, whereas, etc. When the clause of concession comes Hp refused to eat even though he was hungry before the main clause, the two clauses are separated by comma, Although | slept for eight hours last night, I'm still tired. Te ee + although / even though / though* + subject + verb Although/Even though/Though he hadn't studied hard, he managed to pass the exam. ‘in spite of / despite + noun/-ing form The pilot managed to land the plane safely despite/in spite of the heavy rain. In spite of/Despite not feeling well, he came to work this morning. ‘Fin spite of / despite + the fact + that-clause He went to their wedding despite/in spite of the fact that he had not heen invited, + but / while / whereas + subject + verb like travelling by plane, but/while/whereas my sister doesn't. * Though is used in spoken English and it can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. ircSachmoi24h.com eR ETE ESTEE ESS C. Clauses of Purpose Clauses of Purpose express the purpose of an action. Purpose is expressed wit Examples I walked quietly so as not to wake her up. Lwent shopping in order to buy some presents Sor my family. +50 that + will / may / can, when the verb of the ve given lum my car keys so that he can take main clause is in a present or future tense: my car to the garage. +0 that + would / might / could, when the verb of the They left home early so that they would be at the main clause is in a past tense: ‘station on time. a | Grammar Practice A Rewrite the sentences using the words given. 1. Dean has a university degree, but he can’t find a job. although 2. Even though it was raining, we went jogging, despite 3. Although Danny loves horses, he has never tried horse riding. but pa See 4. twas getting dark, but they went for a swim. although 5. In spite of the fact that I was wearing a seat belt, I got injured. despite 6. He works long hours, but he doesn’t earn a lot of money. spite B Circle the correct words. Paul and Dennis have organised a ‘Save Nature’ group (1) in order to / so that plant more trees in their city. Yesterday, they went to the Town Hall to ask for permission (2) so that won't /so as not to get into trouble. Everybody in the ‘Town Hall liked their plan and even gave them some money (3) so that / so as to they could buy some trees. They also went to an expert (4) so as to /s0 that ask ‘hich trees would survive best in the environment of thei city. ‘So, now the ‘Save Nature” group is ready to move on with their plan. They've decided to plant the trees on a weekday (5) in order to / so that more people driving past will stop to see what is going on. Paul and Dennis believe that people will offer their help (6) so as not to / in order not miss an opportunity to do something good for their city