GED Test Prep Plus 2022 2023 PDF 1214 1221

When the nuclei of unstable elements disintegrate, emitting radioactive
radiation, the unstable elements change into other elements, becoming

more stable. The amount of time it takes for half of a sample of a
radioactive element to decay into its stable product is called the radioactive
element’s half-life.
Radioactive Decay
Radioactive Element Decays into Half-life

Radon-222 Polonium-218 3.82 days
Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5,730 years
Uranium-235 Lead-207 713 million years
Uranium-235 Lead-206 4.5 billion years
Rubidium-87 Strontium-87 50 billion years
1. What is the half-life of carbon-14?

A. 3.82 days
B. 5,730 years
C. 713 million years
D. 4.5 billion years
2. Uranium is used as fuel in nuclear power plants, resulting in radioactive

waste, which is dangerous to living things.
Which of the following arguments is likely to be used by opponents of
nuclear power?
A. Uranium is a plentiful source of fuel for generating electricity.
B. Uranium is a renewable resource, and therefore its use is limitless.
C. During the three days that radioactive waste is unstable, it may harm
living things.
D. Uranium produces radioactive waste that may harm living things for
millions of years.
Questions 3 and 4 refer to the following paragraph and diagram.
An oscillation is a back-and-forth or up-and- down movement. When an

oscillation travels through matter or space and transfers energy, it is called
a wave.
3. What is the main similarity between longitudinal and transverse waves?

A. Both involve up-and-down displacement of particles.
B. Both involve back-and-forth displacement of particles.
C. Both involve compressions in which particles are pushed together.
D. Both involve the transfer of energy through matter or space.
4. After a transverse wave passes through a substance, no particle ever ends

up far from its original position.
Which of the following illustrates this principle?
A. A cork in water bobs up and down as waves pass.
B. Sound waves travel through air.
C. When two waves overlap, they interfere with one another.
D. A stone dropped into a pond causes ripples to radiate outward.
5. According to the kinetic theory of matter, all matter is made up of

molecules in a state of constant motion. The motion of molecules can be
inferred by observing particles in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) as they are
hit by molecules of the fluid. The random, zigzag movement of the
particles is called Brownian motion.
Which of the following is an example of Brownian motion?
A. dust motes dancing in a shaft of sunlight
B. the ground vibrating as a truck passes
C. water evaporating from a puddle
D. an inflatable raft floating on a lake
6. In a chemical reaction, the surface area of the reactants affects the rate at
which the reaction occurs. The greater the surface area of the reactants,
the faster the reaction rate will be.
When dilute sulfuric acid reacts with marble, carbon dioxide gas is
produced. Among the options below, one will increase the rate of
reaction, and one will decrease the rate of reaction. Match the
appropriate action to the corresponding box for each effect—increasing
and decreasing the rate of reaction.
Increase Rate of Reaction Decrease Rate of Reaction
Options:
Use a larger container. Use a smaller container.

Use powdered marble. Use larger chunks of marble.
7. Boyle’s law states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a fixed

amount of gas varies inversely with the pressure exerted on the gas.
Therefore, the volume of a gas when the pressure on the gas
increases.
increases
decreases
remains the same
Questions 8 and 9 refer to the following paragraph and chart.
All of the elements are arranged in the periodic table according to atomic
number—the number of protons in an atom of each element. The rows of
the periodic table show elements according to the structure of their electron
orbits. The columns, or groups, show elements with similar properties. A
portion of the periodic table is shown below.
8. Group 18 is also called the noble gases. Their electron orbits are
completely filled, and they rarely react with other elements. Which of
the following is a noble gas?
A. nitrogen (N)
B. chlorine (Cl)
C. xenon (Xe)
D. fluorine (F)
9. Which of the following statements is supported by the information

given?
A. Silicon (Si) is a very common element.
B. Chlorine (Cl) and iodine (I) have similar properties.
C. Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) have very different properties.
D. Arsenic (As) has 85 protons in its nucleus.
Questions 10 and 11 refer to the following paragraph and diagram.
Electromagnetic radiation consists of electric and magnetic fields that

oscillate back and forth. There is a wide range of types of electromagnetic
radiation, which together form the electromagnetic spectrum.
10. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has a

wavelength longer than those in the visible spectrum?
A. microwaves
B. ultraviolet light
C. X-rays
D. colored light
11. Which of the following generalizations is supported by the diagram?

A. Unlike people, some insects can see ultraviolet light.
B. Warm colors like yellow have a shorter wavelength than cool colors
like blue.
C. People can see only a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
D. In medicine, X-rays are used to make images of bones.
12. Objects are attracted to one another by the force of gravity. Gravity is
proportional to the mass—the amount of matter—objects have; gravity
decreases as the distance between the objects increases. An object’s
weight is a measurement of the Earth’s gravitational pull on the object.
What happens to the mass and weight of a rocket as it travels beyond
Earth’s orbit?
A. Its mass remains the same, and its weight increases.
B. Its mass remains the same, and its weight decreases.
C. Its mass decreases, and its weight decreases.
D. Its mass increases, and its weight remains the same.
13. Heat energy can be transferred from one object to another. In summer,
when you hold an ice-cold can of soda against your face, your face feels
cooler. However, what is really happening is that the can is being
warmed by heat from your body. You are actually losing a little body
heat.
Which of the following is an unstated assumption related to the
paragraph?
A. Heat can be transferred.
B. Coldness cannot be transferred.
C. A cool object can be warmed by your body.
D. You can lose body heat.
Questions 14 and 15 refer to the following table and paragraph. You

MAY use your calculator.
An aviation engineer tests five newly developed airplanes by measuring

and recording the top speed of each plane. Unbeknownst to the engineer,
the radar she used to measure the planes’ speeds is faulty: it gives the speed
of any object in motion as 3.7 km/hour faster than it really is. The
following table shows the speeds that the engineer recorded using the faulty
radar and the actual speed of each plane:
Airplane Recorded speed Actual speed (km/hour)

(km/hour)
1 214.4 210.7
2 362.1 358.4
3 410.0 406.3
4 214.4 210.7
5 359.6 355.9
Using the speeds recorded from the faulty radar, the engineer then
calculated the mean, median, mode, and range of the planes’ speeds.
14. Which one of the engineer’s calculations using the recorded speed is
identical to what it would have been had the engineer made the same
calculation using the actual speed of each plane?
A. the mean
B. the median
C. the mode
D. the range
15. After completing her measurements, the engineer selects at random two
planes to demonstrate at an upcoming air show. What is the probability
that the actual speeds of both planes selected are less than 360 km/hour?
A.
B.
C.
D.
16. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are alternative

energy-converting devices that use hydrogen as fuel. Researchers
examined the effect of adding a layer of hydrogen-storable polymer
(HSP) to a fuel cell. The results are shown in the graph.
What conclusion can be drawn from the graph?
A. The PEMFC without HSP generated more power than the PEMFC
with HSP.
B. The difference in power between the two PEMFCs increased over
time.
C. The rate of change in power of the PEMFC with HSP was constant
over time.
D. Power increased over time for both PEMFCs.
Answers and explanations start on page 710.

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When the nuclei of unstable elements disintegrate, emitting radioactive

radiation, the unstable elements change into other elements, becoming

Radioactive Element Decays into Half-life

1. What is the half-life of carbon-14?

2. Uranium is used as fuel in nuclear power plants, resulting in radioactive

An oscillation is a back-and-forth or up-and- down movement. When an

3. What is the main similarity between longitudinal and transverse waves?

4. After a transverse wave passes through a substance, no particle ever ends

5. According to the kinetic theory of matter, all matter is made up of

Increase Rate of Reaction Decrease Rate of Reaction

Use a larger container. Use a smaller container.

7. Boyle’s law states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a fixed

Questions 8 and 9 refer to the following paragraph and chart.

9. Which of the following statements is supported by the information

Questions 10 and 11 refer to the following paragraph and diagram.

Electromagnetic radiation consists of electric and magnetic fields that

10. Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has a

11. Which of the following generalizations is supported by the diagram?

Questions 14 and 15 refer to the following table and paragraph. You

An aviation engineer tests five newly developed airplanes by measuring

Airplane Recorded speed Actual speed (km/hour)

16. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are alternative

Answers and explanations start on page 710.

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