Project AIRAH Part Space1 Run 1

Surface Roughness mm 0.015

Section 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Maximum Duct depth/diameter mm 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
Flow l/s 5700 3000 2000 500 100 0 50
Section flow l/s 5700 2700 700 200 100 100 50
Diameter from Velocity Criterion 852 enter enter enter 168 168 119
Enter Dia. mm 852 640 380 260 180 180 125
Square Duct Side 755 567 337 230 159 159 111
Depth/Diameter mm 400 400 337 230 159 159 111
Width mm 1424 804 337 230 159 159 111
Selections
Diam/ Depth mm 400 400 400 160 160 160 150
Width mm 1420 740 270 270 160 160
Duct Area m2 0.568 0.296 0.108 0.043 0.026 0.026 0.018
Equiv. Diameter mm 786 588 358 225 175 175 150
Equiv. Velocity m/s 11.75 9.95 6.97 5.02 4.16 4.16 2.83
Actual Velocity m/s 10.04 9.12 6.48 4.63 3.91 3.91 2.83
f' = ### 0.01309 0.01605 0.01943 0.02162 0.02162 0.02463
f = ### 0.01393 0.01644 0.01943 0.02162 0.02162 0.02463
Friction Gradient Pa/m 0.98 1.18 1.16 1.11 1.13 1.13 0.79
Duct Length m 20 10 10 10 6 6 10
Friction loss Pa 19.7 11.8 11.6 11.1 6.8 6.8 7.9

Fittings
BENDS
Velocity Pressure Pa 60.4 49.9 25.2 12.9 9.2 9.2 4.8
Square singleblade T/V K 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 1.15
No. 1
Radius (R/D=0.25) D/W 0.3 0.5 1.5 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.0
K 0.13
No. 1
TPL Bends Pa 16.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
TRANSFORMS
Converging 60 Deg Included K 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 1.07
Velocity Pressure Pa 60.4 49.9 25.2 12.9 9.2 9.2 4.8
No. 1 1 1 1 1
Diverging 30 Deg Included Vu/Vd 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.4
K
Velocity Pressure Pa 60.4 49.9 25.2 12.9 9.2 9.2 4.8
No.
TPL Transforms Pa 4.2 3.5 1.8 0.9 0.6 0.0 0.0
OFFTAKES
Velocity Pressure Pa 60.4 49.9 25.2 12.9 9.2 9.2 4.8
Branch Qd/Qu 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5
Branch Ad/Au 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.7
Rect. Tee 45 from Rect.Main K
Branch No.
Circular Tee from Rect. Main K 0.74
Branch No. 1.0
Both offtakes straight through Vd/Vu 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.0 0.5
K 0.17 0.17 0.09 0 0.09
No. 1 1 1
TPL from Offtakes Pa 0.0 8.5 4.3 1.2 0.0 6.8 0.0
OTHER FITTINGS
1 Cushion Head K 1.5
2 K
TPL Loss from Other Fittings Pa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.2
OTHER PRESSURE LOSSES
1 Pa
TPL Loss from ALL Fittings Pa 21.1 12.0 6.0 2.1 0.6 6.8 7.2
TPL Loss for DUCT and FITTINGS Pa 40.8 23.8 17.6 13.1 7.4 13.6 15.1
Progressive TPL Pa 40.8 64.6 82.3 95.4 102.8 116.4 131.5
 section

1 2 3 4

flow

CIRCULAR DUCT
Air Flow Diameter for Diameter for Diameter for
l/s Pa/m = 1.2 Pa/m = 1.0 Pa/m = 0.8
4500 760 800 840
4000 740 760 800
3500 700 720 760
3000 660 680 720
2500 620 640 660
2000 560 580 610
1500 500 530 550
1000 430 450 470
800 400 430 450
600 360 370 390
500 330 350 360
400 310 320 330
300 280 290 300
250 260 270 280
200 240 250 260
Input data only in the BROWN shaded areas. Entry in the non shaded areas will destroy any
programming associated with that cell. The XL format has been left open for you to refine th
calculation steps if you so wish. It would be advisable to make a copy of the routine before
attempting either data input or routine alteration.

Line 10, input total flow at start in col. 1 and then outflows in the successive sections. I
the example you will notice a zero entry in section 6. This indicates that the duct
configuration in s6 and s7 has changed (from rect. to round) for the same airflow.
Line 12. This will produce a duct diameter when the selection criterion is velocity.
When Pressure Gradient is the criterion then "enter" is displayed.
Line 13. Where velocity is the design criterion, re-enter from those diameters calcula
in line 12.

Where pressure gradient (Pa/m) is the design criterion, use a duct sizing calculator e
the diameter which will result in the required Pa/m ( in this case 1.2) for the air
quantity for that section from line 11. As this is an approximation only, the diameter
be taken from a list such as the attached for a Pa/m = 1.2. This means you can put yo
duct sizer in the weekend shopper.
Lines 18-19 can be used to adjust the duct size to produce the Friction Gradient (in
line26) and/or the Actual Velocity (in line 23) to match the design parameters.

FITTINGS.

For TRANSFORMATIONS, the fitting must be included in the duct section with the higher velocit
For OFFTAKES, note there are two different results, the loss in the direction of either diver
flow or straight ahead flow.
The protocol on page 2 of the XL spreadsheet must be followed.
The spreadsheet calculates the various ratios to enable the Fitting Factor to be calculated f
the tables provided or sourced elsewhere.

Space is provided to include other Fitting Factors together with space for other TPL inputs.