Joo Mä Hoidan 2022-9-15
Joo Mä Hoidan 2022-9-15
Joo Mä Hoidan 2022-9-15
d
ed
iti
on
Joo mä
Mikko Taurama & Olli Ruha
hoidan
A1.3 Finnish Language For Filipino Nurses
Zeldan
Nordic Languages
Review Center
Joo mä
hoidan
A1.3 Finnish Language For Filipino Nurses
2nd edition
2nd edition
Published by
Zeldan Nordic Languages Review Center
2L Piao Yan Shoppesville
#50 Bonifacio Street
Baguio City 2600
The Philippines
[email protected]
Preface
Welcome to study Finnish towards the A1 level! This textbook consists of
eight units of study that will help you reach A1-level proficiency in Finnish as
described in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.
The textbook does not start from scratch but assumes you are at least familiar
with chapters 1–10 in another textbook, Kyl mä hoidan.
This texbook has a lot more exercises and drills than Kyl mä hoidan did.
Many of the exercises also benefit from having a partner to work with, so
make sure you talk and use Finnish orally as much as possible. At home, talk
to the mirror or recruit a family member to study with you if possible.
Each unit starts with a section that contains new vocabulary and expres-
sions related to the theme of the unit. These are marked with blue tabs on the
side of the pages. This section is followed with grammar (green tabs), and the
rest of the unit is dedicated to exercises (yellow tabs). All answers are at the
back of the textbook, marked with dark orange tabs.
If you have any questions regarding employment in Finland, please ap-
proach the manpower agencies that referred you to NLRC. Do not contact
NLRC for any inquiries about employment in Finland as we do not provide
such services.
We would like to thank our former trainees, especially groups Fin6–Fin18,
who, often unbeknownst to themselves, tested several parts of this materi-
al. We are also grateful to Maria, Raimo, Sandra, Rebekka, and Silja for their
voice acting skills and other input. Finally, we thank you for your interest in
the Finnish language and really hope that nobody scammed you into paying
money for this material as it is distributed online for free.
Grammar...................................... 122
unit 1.......................................... 7 To like....................................... 122
Negative sentences....................... 125
Topics............................................. 8 Consonant gradation..................... 128
Colors.......................................... 8
The weather.................................. 9 Exercises...................................... 132
Temperature................................ 11 Listening Tasks............................ 152
Prices......................................... 13 Review tasks............................... 156
Family........................................ 15
Physical and mental states................ 17
unit 4....................................... 159
Grammar....................................... 19
Stress and length........................... 19 A visit to the doctor......................... 160
To be......................................... 20 Appointments............................. 162
-ssA, -stA, and -Vn.......................... 22 Mutual agreement......................... 162
Expressions of time........................ 24 How are you feeling?...................... 164
24-hour clock............................... 25 I have a sore throat........................ 165
I have a........................................ 26 Body parts.................................. 166
The -n ending............................... 28 Leg hurts!................................... 169
Noun types.................................. 29
Quantity and fractions..................... 31 Grammar...................................... 170
Lemme spell it out.......................... 32 The command form....................... 170
To play...................................... 171
Exercises....................................... 33 Verb + verb sequences.................... 172
Listening tasks............................. . 65
Exercises...................................... 178
Listening tasks............................. 201
unit 2........................................ 67 Review tasks............................... 202
Hobbies......................................... 68
unit 5....................................... 207
Vehicles......................................... 69
Food items.................................... 208
Grammar....................................... 70 Meals........................................ 210
The -Vn ending............................. 70
To go......................................... 71 Grammar...................................... 211
To come, to arrive.......................... 72 The partitive ending...................... 211
About Finnish verbs........................ 74 Using the partitive........................ 213
VA verbs.................................. 75 Mikä? Mitä?................................. 216
Colloquial we form....................... 76 Adjectives for healthy..................... 217
dA verbs.................................. 77 Impersonal Plural.......................... 218
CCA verbs................................ 79 Marked grammatical objects............ 220
VtA verbs................................. 80
itA verbs.................................. 81 Exercises...................................... 221
etA verbs.................................. 82 Listening tasks............................. 248
Yes–no questions........................... 83
-llA and vehicles............................ 85
Exercises....................................... 88
Listening tasks............................. 115
Grammar...................................... 290
Necessity clause........................... 290
Impersonal necessity clause.............. 292
Gradation with nouns..................... 293
Containers and contents....... .......... 295
Possessive suffixes........................ 296
Exercises...................................... 297
Listening tasks............................. 319
Review tasks............................... 321
Grammar...................................... 335
Postpositions............................... 335
With X...................................... 339
Negative past tense....................... 340
Expressions of time....................... 342
Expressions of time + endings........... 343
Exercises...................................... 344
Listening tasks............................. 366
Review tasks............................... 369
NLRC handouts are divided into thematic sections, grammar sections, and exercises. You
should try to master the vocabulary of thematic sections and be able to use the contents
in the grammar sections towards some language function. Do not study grammar just
for the sake of it. Weekly quizzes at NLRC will test your knowledge of grammar but A1-
and A2-level exams do not. Therefore, try to think about your language learning process
through functions you can do with a foreign language (I can order a burger in Finnish if there
are no nasty follow-up question) rather what you know about a foreign language (I know how
to conjugate this verb in all persons). Learning a language is a lot more than just getting the
grammar right.
aspects of language skills
fluency
– ability to communicate
– muscle memory for sound production
– automation of phrases and sequences
accuracy – having the courage to speak
– getting the
grammar "right"
– avoiding confusion
and misinformation
complexity
– sensitivity to genres and registers
– cultural knowledge
That was probably pretty abstract, but here are some concrete tips:
– Focus on vocabulary as you cannot do anything without it...
– ...but learn it in context, i.e. as phrases and interaction sequences rather than
rote-learning individual words.
– Repetition helps.
– Talk to a mirror or your friend, relative, or pet. Speaking and character recognition
(~reading) are completely separate cognitive skills, although the difference is not ap-
parent when learning languages that use a writing system that you already know (here,
Latin alphabet).
– Repetition helps.
– Repetition helps, but repetition is boring, and only goal-oriented repetition actually
helps. If at all possible, get a spaced-repetition software on your phone or a computer
and create flash cards of phrases with it. A free, popular, and highly recommended
option is Anki (https://apps.ankiweb.net/; costs money on iOS devices, though).
– Move physically or do something while you study. This goes against what you were
probably told in school ("Sit down and study!"), but language is embodied in our brain
and any physical activity will boost neural connections your brain tries to make when
you study a language. (This is also why humans, often without realizing it, gesture a
lot more when they speak a foreign language than when they use their first language.)
– Accept the fact that you will sound like a 5-year-old for the first few years of using a
new language. It is a normal part of the process.
When you look up a new word in a dictionary or an app, you need some basic
game knowledge to deal with the results. Keep the following points in mind:
2. Do not just pick the first option a dictionary app spits out. What you
get might be a part of speech (a noun, an adjective, a verb, etc.) that
is different from what you actually need. You might, for example, be
looking for a verb form (to break, as in to separate into pieces) and end
up finding a noun (a break, as in a rest). This is particularly decep-
tive with English as an auxiliary language because in English, the same
word might act as a noun and a verb and have a similar meaning (to
dance vs. a dance). To avoid this, you need to know what kind of word
you are looking for. See page 205 in Kyl mä hoidan for explanations on
the most common parts of speech.
Here is a very general rule of thumb for an early Finnish learner eager to use
a dictionary: All Finnish verbs in their basic form (which is usually the form
given in a dictionary) end in an a or ä. If you are looking for a verb for cook-
ing (kokata), and the dictionary gives you kokki (a cook ~ a chef), you know
that it is not a verb since it ends in an i. Many nouns and adjectives do end in
an a or ä though, so this rule obviously does not work when you are looking
for a noun.
Review
The word for color is väri in Finnish. The question what color is X? would be minkä värinen
X on? (lit. of what color X is?). The i sounds in brackets can be left out in colloquial Finnish.
kelta(i)nen
oranssi musta
puna(i)nen harmaa
sininen
pinkki
Words for colors are usually used as adjectives, so they need the same ending as their
main word (i.e. the word they describe). If you say talossa (talo + -ssA, in a house) and want
to add an adjective, you would need to use the -ssA ending with the adjective as well.
adjective agrees with its main word
vihree talo a green building
vihreessä talossa in a green building
When describing multicolor things, the nen-ending colors and musta can be chained by
dropping the -inen (except with sininen, just drop -nen). Do not drop the -nen from the last
color of the sequence, though. With other combinations, you can just list the colors with ja
(and) in between.
multicolor adjectives
puna.musta lattia a red and black floor
sini.valkoinen lippu a blue and white flag
harmaa ja oranssi laatikko a gray and orange box
You can also employ -kO questions (Kyl mä hoidan, page 86) to ask about the weather. Add
-kO to a verb.
some weather-related yes/no questions
Sataaks (siellä)? Is it raining (out there)?
Paistaako aurinko? Is it sunny? (literally Is the sun
shining?)
Onks (siel) pilvistä? Is it cloudy (out there)?
The word siellä (there, out there; sometimes siel in colloquial Finnish) is often added to the
question or the answer, especially when observing the weather from indoors.
Finnish weather-related expressions have a few things an English speaker should keep in
mind. For example, there is no particular verb for snowing. The expression sataa lunta (it's
snowing) literally means it is precipitating snow. That is also why the verb sataa (to rain, to
precipitate) can be followed by vettä (water) to specify what is coming down from the sky.
In Finnish, it is possible to use the words sää, ilma, or keli (the weather) in some expres-
sions where they would be clunky in English. For example, sää on pilvinen literally means
the weather is cloudy, which sounds a bit odd in English but is perfectly fine in Finnish.
Finally, weather-related expressions in Finnish do not use a dummy pronoun like English
uses the it (e.g. it is sunny). You should therefore not translate it into Finnish in weather-re-
lated expressions.
no dummy pronouns here
sataa (not se sataa) it's raining (lit. is raining)
on pilvistä it's cloudy (lit. is cloudy)
ukkostaa it's thundering (lit. is thundering)
The temperature varies a lot more during the year in Finland than in the Philippines. People
in Finland might mention the temperature along with the weather as you cannot decipher
the temperature based on the current weather condition alone; a sunny day might be freez-
ing or relatively warm. Like in the Philippines, the temperature is measured in Celsius. Any-
thing in Fahrenheit does not make sense to an average person in Finland.
The word for temperature is lämpö.tila (lit. heat condition; for body temperature, the word
is ruumiin.lämpö). You can ask about the temperature using the interrogative word miten
(how) or kuinka (how) with the words lämmin (warm) and kylmä (cold). Another common
way is to ask miten ~ kuinka monta astetta (how many degrees).
asking about temperature
Miten lämmin siel on? What's the temperature?
(lit. how warm is it out there?)
Onks kylmä? Is it cold?
Kuinka monta astetta siellä on? What's the temperature?
(lit. how many degrees out there?)
The word for degrees is astetta. Put it after a number, e.g. 10 astetta (10 degrees). Since the
weather in Finland can be anything from +30 °C to −30 °C and beyond, it makes sense to
specify which side of the freezing point (0 °C) you are talking about. If above zero and
there is a chance for confusion, use the word plus before the number or the word lämmintä
(warm) after astetta. For degrees below zero, put the word miinus (minus) before the num-
ber or the word pakkasta (below zero, lit. frost) after.
replies to the questions above
Siel on plus 3 astetta. It's plus 3 degrees out there.
19 astetta (lämmintä). (Plus) 19 degrees.
Miinus 5 astetta. Minus 5 degrees.
10 astetta pakkasta. 10 degrees below zero.
As in most languages, there are many ways to ask the price and to say how much something
costs in Finnish. In the following examples, replace the X with any item or replace it with
a demonstrative pronoun like tää, toi, nää, or noi (this, that, these, those). In Finland, prices
are almost always visible in writing near the product in stores and public markets, so you
probably do not need to ask about them.
questions and answers
Paljon X maksaa? How much does X cost?
Paljon X on? How much is X?
Mitä X maksaa? What does X cost?
If the price is less than one euro, the word sentti is used. When the price does not have
any cents in it, the word euro is used. Colloquial pronunciation is in brackets. In Finnish, the
decimal separator is a comma, not a dot like in English in the U.S. and the Philippines.
amounts
0,20 € kaksi.kymmentä senttiä
(kaks.kyt senttii)
0,95 € yhdeksän.kymmentä.viisi senttiä
(yheks.kyt.viis senttii)
1 € euro / yksi euro (yks euro)
220 € kaksi.sataa kaksi.kymmentä euroa
(kaks.sataa kaks.kyt euroo)
When the price is a combination of euros and cents, there is usually no need to say euro,
sentti, or the decimal separator. Just say the amount in euros first, followed by cents.
more amounts
1,80 € yksi kahdeksan.kymmentä
(yks.kaheks.kyt), one eighty
15,90 € viisi.toista yhdeksän.kymmentä
(viis.toist yheks.kyt)
112,50 € sata.kaksi.toista viisi.kymmentä
Terve.
Moi.
Pulla is yeast-leav-
ened Finnish sweet Kahvi ja
bread. It is often puLla.
Se olis(i) is a condi-
served with coffee. Se olis tional mood form
The dough is usu-
ally flavored with
kolmE of olla, literally it
cardamom. viIS.kyt. would be.
kiItTi.
kIiTos.
– Hello.
– Hi.
– [I'll have] a coffee and a sweet bun.
– That'll be 3.50.
– Thanks.
– Thank you.
A sex-neutral
term for a sib-
ling is sisarus
veli (velje-) mä! sisko (sisarukse-). serkku
a brother me! a sister a cousin
poika.ystävä
a boyfriend
tyttö.ystävä
a girlfriend
sex-neutral terms
kumppani
a companion
partneri
a partner
puoliso
a spouse (if married)
sinkku naimisissa
single married
eronnut avo.liitossa
divorced in cohabitation
In Finnish, the possessive clause (e.g. mulla on X, page 26) is used to express certain
feelings and physical or mental states. You can use it to express pain, ailments, diseases, and
such.
asking about one's condition
Mikä sulla on? What's wrong with you? What's troubling you?
Mikä Rossilla on? What's wrong with Ross? What's troubling Ross?
One way to express that something hurts is "Xperson:llA on Ybody part Zcondition," e.g. Mulla on pää
kipeä (my head hurts, literally I have a head [that's] sore).
pain
Mulla on pää kipeä. My head hurts.
Onko sulla jalka kipeä? Does your leg hurt?
Janolla on vatsa kipeä. Jano’s stomach hurts.
Sillä on vasen käsi kipeä. His left arm hurts.
Kenellä on selkä kipeä? Who has back pain? / Whose back hurts?
Oota is a colloquial
Literally, I have Äiti, mulla command form of
a thirst. See page
128. on jano. the verb odottaa
(to wait).
On a utterance-level, intonation usually falls, but the last word of the ut-
terance is often accented, especially if it provides some thematically new in-
formation in a conversation. Questions and commands have a higher initial
pitch than regular statements.
utterance-level accent
(mä) Otan nää. I'll take these.
Length of the sound is distinctive in Finnish. This means that a long vowel
or a short vowel makes a difference in meaning. In Finnish, long sounds are
marked with a double letter in writing. As a learner, you should over-do the
long sound first to train your brain. You might not hear any difference, but a
first-language speaker will.
short vs. long vowel sound
joo ≠ jo yes ≠ already
tiili ≠ tili a brick ≠ an account
In Finnish, two of the same consecutive vowel sounds are always in the
same syllable and are pronounced as a long sound. In Tagalog, there is a sylla-
ble break between the sounds. Do not add a syllable break in Finnish.
one syllable in finnish, two in tagalog
saan
taas
Unlike Tagalog, Finnish and English need a verb to indicate that X is Y (e.g.
I'm a Filipino or Masarap ang pagkain). In Finnish, the basic form of the verb
to be is olla. Unfortunately, the basic form alone does very little in the Finn-
ish language. Verbs usually have an ending that corresponds to the subject
(the actor) of a clause. In English and Tagalog, it is fine if the verb stays in
the same form and only the subject changes (I go, you go, we go; pupunta ako,
pupunta ka, pupunta tayo). In English, only the third person (he/she/it) needs
a different verb form (she goes rather than just go). Finnish needs a slightly
different verb form for every grammatical person.
The table below lists all six forms of olla in formal writing. The second table
lists forms used in colloquial Finnish.
formal written forms of olla (the personal ending is underlined)
minä olen I am
sinä olet you are (singular, ikaw)
hän on he/she is
me olemme we are
te olette you are (plural, kayo)
he ovat they are
colloquial olla
mä oon I’m
sä oot you're
se on he's/she's/it's
me ollaan we're
te ootte you're
ne on they're
It is not very apparent at this point of the book yet, but the personal end-
ings stay the same across all Finnish verbs. This means that when you are
using mä as a grammatical subject, the verb always has -n as an ending (e.g.
mä meen, I'll go; mä nukun, I'll sleep). When you use sä, verbs would have -t at
the end, and so on (with the exception of some clause types that always need
the same verb form regardless of the person).
This table lists the past tense forms of olla. They are the same in formal writ-
ing and colloquial speech. The only difference are the pronouns. The per-
sonal endings (underlined in the listing below) remain the same across all
Finnish verbs.
olla in the past tense, formal variant in the middle
mä olin minä olin I was
sä olit sinä olit you were
se oli hän oli he/she/it was
me oltiin me olimme we were
te olitte te olitte you were
ne oli he olivat they were
This table lists the negative forms of olla. Negative clauses will be discussed
later in further detail. They all contain the negative verb ei with a personal
ending (also seen in Kyl mä hoidan, page 66).
negative olla, formal written variant in the middle
mä en oo minä en ole I’m not
sä et oo sinä et ole you aren’t
se ei oo hän ei ole he/she/it isn’t
me ei olla me emme ole we aren’t
te ette oo te ette ole you aren’t
ne ei oo he eivät ole they aren’t
The verb olla usually needs the -ssA (mä oon Baguiossa, similar to I'm in Ba-
guio). Another common verb that needs the -ssA is käydä. It means to visit
a place briefly or to drop by. It is common with nouns like kauppa (a store),
suihku (shower), and vessa (a bathroom ~ CR).
käydä in all persons with -ssA complements
Mä käyn Baguiossa. I'll visit Baguio.
Sä käyt vessassa? You're gonna go to the CR?
Se käy ravintolassa. He/She will go to a restaurant.
Me käydään kirkossa. We'll attend church.
Te käytte kaupassa. You're at the store.
Ne käy suihkussa. They're going to take a shower.
Verb for going somewhere is mennä in the basic form. It usually needs the
-Vn from the place you are going to (e.g. Baguioon, similar to go to Baguio in
English, and in some contexts, hanggang in Tagalog). You need to keep in
mind that the -Vn ending has three possible forms (page 70) although the
long vowel + n (-Vn) variant is by far the most common.
mennä in all persons with -Vn complements
Mä meen Baguioon. I'll go to Baguio.
Sä meet Suomeen. You're going to Finland.
Se menee ravintolaan. He/She is going to a restaurant.
Me mennään kirkkoon. We're going to church.
Te meette Cagayaniin. You're going to Cagayan.
Ne menee Marikinaan. They're going to Marikina.
Words in the left-hand column are nouns for times of the day, weekdays, months, seasons,
and alike. Items in the middle column in green are adverbial forms of the same noun. You
need them whenever you need an answer to a when question (milloin? or koska? in Finnish).
times of the day
aamu aamulla in the morning
aamu.päivä aamu.päivällä in the late morning ~ forenoon
ilta.päivä ilta.päivällä in the afternoon
ilta illalla in the evening
yö yöllä at night
days
maanantai maanantaina on Monday
tiistai tiistaina on Tuesday
keskiviikko keskiviikkona on Wednesday
torstai torstaina on Thursday
perjantai perjantaina on Friday
lauantai lauantaina on Saturday
sunnuntai sunnuntaina on Sunday
arki arkena on a weekday ~ during the week
viikon.loppu viikon.loppuna on the weekend
months
tammi.kuu tammi.kuussa in January
helmi.kuu helmi.kuussa in February
maalis.kuu maalis.kuussa in March
huhti.kuu huhti.kuussa in April
touko.kuu touko.kuussa in May
kesä.kuu kesä.kuussa in June
heinä.kuu heinä.kuussa in July
elo.kuu elo.kuussa in August
syys.kuu syys.kuussa in September
loka.kuu loka.kuussa in October
marras.kuu marras.kuussa in November
joulu.kuu joulu.kuussa in December
seasons
talvi talvella in the winter
kevät keväällä in the spring
kesä kesällä in the summer
syksy syksyllä in the fall
24-hour clock
For all your official business.
People in Finland use both 12- and 24-hour clocks for expressing time. The 24-hour clock
is used in all timetables and in formal writing. In casual conversations, 12-hour expressions
are more common. For full hours in both clocks, people might precede the time with the
word kello (a clock; abbreviated as klo but always pronounced as kello).
24 and 12
kello 14 at 2pm
kahdelta ~ kello kaks at 2pm
You can only use the 24-hour clock with exact numeric expressions (e.g. 8:45) and can
only read them as numbers (e.g. 14:30 as neljä.toista kolme.kymmentä). You cannot use ex-
pressions like yli (past), vaille (to), and puoli (half) with the 24-hour clock. You also cannot
use the -ltA with exact hours if you use the 24-hour clock. 12-hour expressions are seldom
written, and they are not written using numbers in colloquial contexts.
24-hour clock, pronunciation in brackets
15:20 (viis.toista kaks.kyt) 3:20pm
kello 21:00 (kello kaks.kyt.yks) 9pm
You can add the adverbial aamulla (in the morning), illalla (in the evening), or yöllä (at
night) if there is a chance for a misunderstanding.
pm and am
Se tulee kahdelta yöllä. He comes at 2am at night.
Mulla on kurssi kahdeksalta aamulla. I have class at 8am in the morning.
Finnish does not have an equivalent for the English verb to have. To indicate
that someone has something, Finnish uses a specialized clause type, called
the possessive clause (omistus.lause). It follows the same logic as possessing
does in Tagalog (mayroon and wala clauses), in the sense that the same con-
struction also has the meaning of there is Y.
The structure of the Finnish possessive clause is
In the possessive clause, the verb olla always remains in the third-person
singular (i.e. on), regardless of who or what the owner is.
The -llA ending follows the stem of the word. The table below lists formal
and colloquial forms of personal pronouns in the -llA form.
personal pronouns in the possessive clause, colloquial variants in the middle
minulla on mulla on I have
sinulla on sulla on you have
hänellä on sillä on he/she/it has
meillä on " we have
teillä on " you have
heillä on niillä on they have
The possessive clause answers the question kenellä (kuka + -llA, who has).
When answering a kenellä question, you can just reply mulla or [name] +
-llA, etc. without having to repeat the on. In colloquial speech, kenellä can be
shortened to kellä or just kel.
questions and answers
Kenellä on avain? Who has the key?
– Mulla (on). I do.
Kellä on kissa? Who has a cat?
– Aprilillä (on). April (does).
Kellä ei oo aikaa? Who doesn't have time?
– Rowenalla (ei oo). Rowena (doesn't).
Having an -n ending after a non-verb stem effectively does the same as say-
ing the Yowned of the Xowner or X’s Y in English (e.g. Kay’s book or the map of the
Philippines) or Yowned ni/ng Xowner or pronouns like Yowned ko in Tagalog. The -n
indicates a concrete or abstract ownership or association between two words
and answers the question kenen (whose; kuka + -n). With non-Finnish names
that end in a consonant, use i + -n as usual.
-n relations
Annin numero Anni’s number/the number of Anni
Ernestin veli Ernest’s brother
Unlike the ’s in English, the -n is needed after every owner if you list them
with ja (and). Pronouns and names together can appear in any order.
consecutive -n forms
Miken ja Crystalin lapsi Mike and Crystal’s child
Ranen ja mun ~ mun ja Ranen loma the vacation of me and Rane
When words have endings in Finnish, the ending often follows a so-called
stem of the word rather than the basic form you would find in a dictionary.
For example, in a dictionary, the word for Finland is Suomi, but when you
need to use the -ssA form, the stem is suddenly Suome- (so Suomi + -ssA
would be Suomessa). Dictionaries seldom list any stems, but if you have on-
line access, en.wiktionary.org is a good resource.
You will eventually develop a sense of how words and phrases work in con-
text and will not have to think of stems, endings, and phrases as separate
building blocks. Here are some word types to get your brain started.
The following lists common (non-verb) word types and their stems. The
V means a vowel sound. With basic forms that end in -i or -s, you need to
learn separately what stem each word uses. For example, Suomi has the stem
Suome-, while for Ruotsi (Sweden), the stem is Ruotsi- (e.g. Suomessa but
Ruotsissa). Check online when unsure.
examples of words whose stem and the basic form are the same
auto : autolla by car
Ruotsi : Ruotsissa in Sweden
isä : isällä dad [has]
The following list contains the common noun types and their stems. Differ-
ent noun types have different kind of stems. Adjectives and numbers follow
the same patterns.
Some words whose basic form ends in an -i have a stem where the an -e ap-
pears instead. There are also -i words that do not change (e.g. kaappi : kaapis-
sa, a cabinet, and the aforementioned Ruotsi). Unfortunately, there is no way
to tell if the word has an -i : -e change other than just knowing it.
type -i : e-
Suomi : Suome- Finland
Minä asun Suomessa. I live in Finland.
Words whose basic form ends in a single -e have -ee in the a stem.
type -e : -ee-
perhe : perhee- a family
Perheellä on pieni vauva. The family has a small baby.
Words whose basic form ends in -nen use -se instead in the stem. Their stem
has a strong grade (this will be discussed later).
type -nen : -se-
punainen : punaise- red
Asun punaisessa talossa. I live in a red house.
The Finnish language likes having vowels before many endings, so Finnish
words that end in a consonant are guaranteed to have a stem that is different
from the basic form (like with -nen words on the previous page). There are
several types of s-ending words whose stem is slightly different from the ba-
sic form. With these, you just need to know the type of the word by heart (or
check online if unsure).
type -Vs : -Vkse-
vanhus : vanhukse- an elderly person
Vanhuksella on kissa. The elderly person has a cat.
Words ending in -in are not that frequent but their stem is always -ime.
type -in : -ime-
puhelin : puhelime- a phone
Here are some expressions of quantity for contexts where it is okay to be a little vague.
Some of them require their complement in the partitive.
expressions of quantity
puoli X:A half X (needs the partitive)
puoli tuntia half an hour
puoli omenaa half an apple
pari X:A a couple of X (needs the partitive)
pari päivää a couple of days
pari asukasta a couple of residents
muutama X a few, some X
muutama vuosi a few years
muutama euro a few euros
If you want to be vague, use jotain in colloquial speech or noin in speech or writing. A
common abbreviation for noin is n. (n and a dot).
about
jotain 5 tuntii about 5 hours
noin 60 kiloa about 60 kilos
n. 1 700 euroa kuussa about 1,700 euros in a month
If you need to be precise, say pilkku (a comma) before any decimals. Sometimes, people say
piste (a dot) instead although only a comma should be used in writing as a decimal separator
in Finnish.
point five
37,8 °C kolme.kymmentä seitsemän
pilkku (/piste) kahdeksan astetta
or kol.kyt.seitsemän pilkku (/piste)
kaheksan
0,5 ml nolla pilkku (/piste) viis milli.litraa
There are three ways to say 1.5. The last one only works with exactly 1.5 and not, for ex-
ample, for saying 2.5.
one point five
yksi pilkku viisi one point five
kolme pilkku viisi three point five
yksi ja puoli ~ yks ja puol (colloq.) one and a half
kaksi ja puoli ~ kaks ja puol two and a half
Sometimes, you might need to spell out your name for a waiter or a clerk
in Finland. You might also have to solve some misunderstandings by saying
what you actually meant, letter by letter. The latter might happen with ex-
pressions that contain the sounds /j/, /u/, /y/, /ä/, /ö/, and /h/, as those
are the ones Tagalog speakers sometimes have difficulties with.
The list below shows how to pronounce the name of an individual letter in
Finnish, using Finnish sounds. You need to pronounce a long vowel even if
you are talking about a single letter for a vowel.
pronunciation of the characters in the finnish alphabet
a aa p pee
b bee q kuu
c see r är
d dee s äs
e ee t tee
f äf u uu
g gee v vee
h hoo w tupla.vee or kaksois.vee
i ii x äks
j jii y yy
k koo z tset or tseta
l äl å ruotsalainen oo
m äm (literally a Swedish O)
n än ä ää
o oo ö öö
a.
Kuka toi
on?
b. Se on
JesSie.
Moi!
Kuka toi
Moi! on?
Se on… öÖö…
Mun nimi Chris.
on Laura. Entäs
toi?
Mä oon
Mikael. No…
Mä En tiedä.
Moi moi!
2.
1. Voi Haloo.
ei! Moi!
No misSä sä
mitä? oot?
BuSsisSa.
Ei mitään.
MisSä se
Okei… buSsI on?
No tää on
vielä
– Oh no! Töölössä.
– Well what?
– Nothing.
– Okay... No pistä viesti, kun
3. oOt Hertto.niemesSä?
Moi!
JOo.
No terve!
– Hello? (when picking up a phone)
Miten – Hi! Where are you?
menee? – On a bus.
No ihan – Where is the bus?
hyvin. Oon – Well, this is still in Töölö (a district in Helsinki)
– Well, send me a message when you're in Hert-
lomalla. toniemi? (another district in Helsinki)
Okei… – Sure.
– Hi!
– Well hello! 4.
– How's it going? Mä oOn vähän
– Well, alright. huoNo.vointINen.
I'm on vacation.
– Okay... Ai
5. jaA?
No?
JOo.
Oot sä jo
Jyväs.kylässä? No sä näytäT
vähän kalpeaLta.
Joo, mä
tulin eilen. Ja
päÄtä
Kiva. Nähdään särkEe.
baarissa illalla. Voi ei…
Joo.
– Well? – I'm a little infirm/not well.
– Are you in Jyväskylä (a city in cen- – Oh?
tral Finland) already? – Yes.
– Yeah, I came yesterday. – Well, you look a little pale.
– Nice. See you at a bar in the evening. – And head hurts.
– Yes. – Oh no...
0. tee
1. aortta
2. defibrillaattori
(in medical slang: deffa or defi)
Mitä “tee”
3. Espanja tarkottaa?
4. Filippiinit
5. fysioterapia Mä luulen, et se
6. hampurilainen on ‘tea’.
7. historia
Okei.
8. Japani
Kiitti!
9. kanyyli
10. netti
– What does "tee" mean?
11. parkki.paikka
– I think that it's 'tea.'
12. printteri
– Okay. Thanks!
13. pupilli
14. raportti
In formal writing, tarkoittaa
15. resepti
(to mean) is spelled with an
16. sauna additional i that is often left
out when speaking.
1. __Mä oon
__________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
1. __Mä en oo
__________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
1. _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
6. Vessa on pimeä.
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
1. Potilas on
_____________________________
aggressiivinen
_____________________________ shokissa
rehellinen
2. _____________________________ tajuton
_____________________________ itkeskelevä
masentunut
3. _____________________________ väsynyt
pahan.tuulinen
_____________________________
uninen
4. _____________________________
_____________________________
5. _____________________________
_____________________________
Moi!
– _________________________________________________________
Moi!
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
– _________________________________________________________
13
Kysy muilta.
Walk around and ask others. Perform the dialog similar to exercises 11 and 12.
End the conversation with this sequence:
Okei. Oli
hauSka
tuTUstua! JOo. – Yeah. It was nice to meet
Samoin. you!
– Yes. Likewise.
NähdÄän.
Moi mOi! – See you. Goodbye!
No moi.
Missä sä
oot?
TöisSä.
Missä
lAura on?
En TiIä.
This means he/ Se ei
she is not respond-
ing to my message. vastaa mun
viestiin. See page 39
for aijaa.
Ai jaA…
Ehkä se on
suihkussa. Ehkä means
maybe.
dar) in Finland)
18 Lisää kO-pääte.
Add the -kO ending. The ending is used to create yes–no questions, e.g. Minäkö? =
Who? Me?
1. Suomi_____ 8. mä_____
6. presidentti_____
7. täällä_____ (here)
20
Käytä olla-verbiä.
Use the positive present olla in a form that makes sense. Use colloquial Finnish.
21
Käytä olla-verbiä.
Use positive and negative forms of olla in a form that makes sense. Use formal
written Finnish.
23 Kirjoita persoonapronomini.
Write a formal personal pronoun.
Hän
0. _________ on röntgen.hoitaja.
24 Kirjoita persoonapronomini.
Write a colloquial personal pronoun.
Se
0. _________ on lähi.hoitaja.
4. _________ ei oo täällä.
7. _________ on kanadalainen.
o
or
tuuok o
r
la
a
nn a -
uvu
uo
ill
aal
av
töissä
aam
va p
ilt
r
Maria X Huone 3
Anna-Liisa X X
Pauli X
Venla X
Juha-Pekka X väline.varasto
Kaarina X Röntgen
Sirpa X
Veli X Huone 7
Aleksi X
Hei MisSä
Maria on?
Se on
huoneEsSa 3.
Entäs miSsä
Veli on?
No misSä
KaArina ON?
AijAa? No entÄs
AnNa-liISa?
Ä
Sori, mikä sun
nimI oli? Ö
Helinä.
This means how do
you spell it?, literal- Ööö... Miten se
ly, how is it spelled? kirjoiteTAan?
H-E-L-I-N-Ä…
Ja sä olit?
Raymond… Se
kirjoitetaan
“R-A-Y-M-O-N-D”.
JOo. MISsä
barAngaySsa
sä asut?
This has the -ssA Don BoscosSa.
ending because the Se on
verb asua (to live
in) needs it from ParañaqueSsA.
its complement.
Sori, sanotko
uudestaan?
Eli is similar to so DON BOSCO…
or in other words eli D-O-N
if said before
rephrasing some- B-O-S-C-O.
thing or asking for Mä asun
clarification. Newport Cityssä
Pasayssa.
Miten se
kirjoITEtaAn?
Barangay
kirjoitetAan N-E-W-
P-O-R-T C-I-T-Y.
Kaupunki on
P-A-S-A-Y.
Okei.
Ruotsi La
Union kirkko
1. Mä _________________________________________________________
2. Sä _________________________________________________________
3. Se _________________________________________________________
4. Me _________________________________________________________
5. Te _________________________________________________________
6. Ne _________________________________________________________
olla, the place you are at needs the -ssA ending (e.g. Baguiossa). Also say when.
1. Mä _________________________________________________________
2. Sä _________________________________________________________
3. Se _________________________________________________________
4. Me _________________________________________________________
5. Te _________________________________________________________
6. Ne _________________________________________________________
1. Mä _________________________________________________________
2. Sä _________________________________________________________
3. Se _________________________________________________________
4. Me _________________________________________________________
5. Te _________________________________________________________
6. Ne _________________________________________________________
31
Valitse paikka ja käytä verbiä käydä.
Choose a place from the box and use the verb käydä (to go, to visit; to drop by).
Make sure the verb form matches the personal pronoun (e.g. mä käyn). Since you
are using the verb käydä, the place you visit needs the -ssA ending (e.g. Baguios-
sa). Also say when.
1. Mä _________________________________________________________
2. Sä _________________________________________________________
3. Se _________________________________________________________
4. Me _________________________________________________________
5. Te _________________________________________________________
6. Ne _________________________________________________________
33 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. It's in October.
____________________________________________________________
2. The meeting (kokous) was last week.
____________________________________________________________
3. The party (bileet) is on the weekend.
____________________________________________________________
4. The course (kurssi) is on weekdays ~ during the week.
____________________________________________________________
5. Baguio Charter Day (do not translate) is in September.
____________________________________________________________
6. My (mun) birthday is in the summer.
____________________________________________________________
1. – __________________________________________________________
– Ihan ok...
2. – __________________________________________________________
– Mä oon hoiva.kodissa.
3. – __________________________________________________________
– Duterte on Maasinista, Leytestä.
4. – __________________________________________________________
– Mä luulen, että se on "veri.näyte".
5. – __________________________________________________________
– Mä en tiedä.
35
Kirjoita kirjakielellä.
Introduce yourself in formal written Finnish in an email to your future boss. Your
friend from Fin12 batch has scribbled you a sample. Use it as a template.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
5 20 63 503
8 24 80 513
12 42 115 713
18 57 105 2016
P FIN PF128472
SUKUNIMI / EFTERNAMN / LAST NAME
Virtanen
ETUNIMET / FÖRNAMN / GIVEN NAMES
Maria Olivia
KANSALAISUUS / NATIONALITET / NATIONALITY TUNNUS / KOD / CODE
21.07.1987
SYNTYMÄKOTIKUNTA / FÖDELSEORT/ PLACE OF BIRTH
Rovaniemi
MYÖNNETTY / UTFARDAT / DATE OF ISSUE VIIMEINEN VOIMASSAOLOPÄIVÄ / SISTA GILTIGHETSDAG / DATE OF EXPIRY
22.08.2018 22.08.2023
VIRANOMAINEN / MYNDIGHET / AUTHORITY
Poliisi/Oulu
Polisen/Oulu
P FIN XP158622
SUKUNIMI / EFTERNAMN / LAST NAME
Ahola
ETUNIMET / FÖRNAMN / GIVEN NAMES
Juuso Matias
KANSALAISUUS / NATIONALITET / NATIONALITY TUNNUS / KOD / CODE
01.03.1999
SYNTYMÄKOTIKUNTA / FÖDELSEORT/ PLACE OF BIRTH
Savonlinna
MYÖNNETTY / UTFARDAT / DATE OF ISSUE VIIMEINEN VOIMASSAOLOPÄIVÄ / SISTA GILTIGHETSDAG / DATE OF EXPIRY
15.07.2019 15.07.2024
VIRANOMAINEN / MYNDIGHET / AUTHORITY
Poliisi/Savonlinna
Polisen/Savonlinna
P FIN PG587742
SUKUNIMI / EFTERNAMN / LAST NAME
Huttunen
ETUNIMET / FÖRNAMN / GIVEN NAMES
Mari Karoliina
KANSALAISUUS / NATIONALITET / NATIONALITY TUNNUS / KOD / CODE
04.12.1962
SYNTYMÄKOTIKUNTA / FÖDELSEORT/ PLACE OF BIRTH
Turku
MYÖNNETTY / UTFARDAT / DATE OF ISSUE VIIMEINEN VOIMASSAOLOPÄIVÄ / SISTA GILTIGHETSDAG / DATE OF EXPIRY
10.10.2019 10.10.2024
VIRANOMAINEN / MYNDIGHET / AUTHORITY
Poliisi/Turku
Polisen/Åbo
1. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
38 Täytä kirjasto.kortti.hakemus.
Fill in the library card application. You do not have a Finnish henkilö.tunnus (a
social security number) (yet), so leave it blank.
henkilö.tunnus suku.puoli
mies nainen muu en halua kertoa
osoite posti.numero posti.toimi.paikka
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9–10
Nikki
9:58
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
0. mango
1. banaani
2. appelsiini
3. Filippiinien lippu
4. Kiinan lippu
Minkä värinen
mango ON?
5. Pikachu
6. popcorn
Se oN vihrEe
7. rakkaus (love)
taI kelTaNen.
8. ninja
9. 200 peson seteli
10. talvi
11. yö – What color is a mango?
13. munakoiso
14. sun sisaruksen silmät
44
Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
45
Luettele asioita, jotka ovat...
List things that are...
1. mustia ____________________________________
2. punaisia ____________________________________
3. oransseja ____________________________________
4. vaaleanpunaisia ____________________________________
5. vihreitä ____________________________________
6. keltaisia ____________________________________
7. sinisiä ____________________________________
8. valkoisia ____________________________________
9. ruskeita ____________________________________
10. harmaita
____________________________________
8. ______________________________? __________________________
9. ______________________________? __________________________
10–16
17–21
1. 2. 3. 4.
____________________________________________________________
49
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Use the possessive clause (X:llA on Y) once in
each entry.
51 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Use the possessive clause (X:llA on Y).
1. I am busy.
____________________________________________________________
2. We are stressed.
____________________________________________________________
3. Do you have a fever?
____________________________________________________________
4. What do you have?
____________________________________________________________
5. We are having a good time (~ kivaa).
____________________________________________________________
6. Gemrayname feels overheated.
____________________________________________________________
7. She has a flu.
____________________________________________________________
8. Who is feeling cold?
____________________________________________________________
1. I have a car.
____________________________________________________________
2. My car is new.
____________________________________________________________
3. I have a daughter.
____________________________________________________________
4. My daughter is 8 years old (vuotta vanha).
____________________________________________________________
5. Anniname has a dog.
____________________________________________________________
6. Anni's dog is black.
____________________________________________________________
7. They have a house.
____________________________________________________________
8. Their house is blue.
____________________________________________________________
9. We have a problem.
____________________________________________________________
10. Our problem is serious.
____________________________________________________________
53
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. You only need to translate the parts in bold. Use
the -n ending with a pronoun or a noun at least once in each entry.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. – __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
Hobbies
The word for a hobby is harrastus in Finnish. There is also a corresponding verb harrastaa
(lit. to hobby, to have X as a hobby) that does not have a good direct English equivalent. The
verb needs its complement (i.e. the noun for your hobby) with the partitive ending (page
211), which is usually -A or -V (e.g. tagalog : talogii).
harrastaa in context
– Mitä sä harrastat? What are your hobbies?
lit. What do you hobby?
– Mun harrastus on pyöräily. My hobby is biking.
OR
– Mä harrastan pyöräilyä. My hobby is biking.
lit. I hobby biking.
Many of the words below end in -minen. This is similar to -ing in English if used with
nouns (e.g. to sleep : [the act of] sleeping = nukkua : nukkuminen). The partitive stem of -min-
en is -mistA but all this will be discussed later in the course in further detail.
sports
juokseminen running
pyöräily bicycling
longboardaus longboarding
surffaus surfing
kori.pallo basketball
nyrkkeily boxing
jää.kiekko ice hockey
jalka.pallo soccer
pesä.pallo Finnish baseball
šakki ~ shakki chess
indoors
lukeminen reading
karaoken laulaminen singing karaoke
oluet beers
ruoan.laitto cooking
video.pelit / tietokone.pelit video games / computer games
lauta.pelien pelaaminen playing board games
outdoors
kävely walking
vaellus ~ vaeltaminen hiking, trekking
metsästys hunting
kalastus fishing
valo.kuvaus photography
(henkilö.)auto taksi
metro(.juna)
lento.kone
If you need to express that someone goes to or towards a place, you need...
– a verb that indicates movement (like to go, to travel, etc. but not olla)
– a destination with the -Vn (~ to, ~ hanggang) ending described below
This ending has three possible variants that all mean the same but are at-
tached to different kind of stems. They all indicate movement towards some-
thing or into something. This is similar to prepositions to, into, towards, and
sometimes until in English, and hanggang in Tagalog.
Words that have this ending answer the question mihin (where to, into
what). In the NLRC materials, we call this ending the -Vn ending or the mihin
ending. Even though it is presented as -Vn, it has two other possible variants
(see below).
If you are using mihin with the name of a foreign place or a loan word that
ends in a consonant, you probably need to add an i to bind the ending to the
stem. The i is then doubled due to the ending.
examples of non-finnish consonant-ending place names + Vn
Los Angeles + Vn Los Angelesiin to Los Angeles
Pangasinan + Vn Pangasinaniin to Pangasinan
If the word has only one syllable and ends in two vowels (or is Jol-
libee, Pasay, or any location in the Philippines that ends in -oy or
-ay [don’t ask why]), add -hVn where the V is the final vowel of the -h
vn
stem.
examples of the -hVn variant
Jollibee Jollibeehen to Jollibee
pää päähän to/into a head
yö yöhön into the night
The third variant is needed if the stem has two or more syllables
and ends in a long vowel. If that is the case, add -seen to the stem. E en
This usually only applies only to Finnish words. Foreign place -s
names commonly to use the -Vn or the -hVn. Note that this only
applies to long vowels, not to two different vowels.
examples of the -seen variant
Espoo + seen Espooseen to Espoo
huone : huonee- huoneeseen to a room
Lontoo Lontooseen to London
To go
A very handy verb that needs the mihin ending.
There are several verbs that require their complement in the mihin form (a
complement is another word or words that a verb needs present in a clause
for the clause to be meaningful). One very common such verb is mennä (to
go; also in Kyl mä hoidan page 111). It is slightly different in colloquial and
formal Finnish, so both variants are listed below.
The Finnish present tense form of the verb can indicate an on-going ac-
tion (e.g. I’m going, I’m on my way) or a future action (I will go), hence the
two translations below. Finnish has no separate future tense like English does
(e.g. will go) or a contemplated form like Tagalog does (e.g. pupunta).
present mennä in all persons in colloquial finnish
Mä meen kauppaan. I’ll go / I’m going to the store.
Sä meet kauppaan. You’ll go / You’re going to the store.
Se menee kauppaan. He/She/It’ll go / is going...
Me mennään kauppaan. We’ll go / We are going to the store.
Te meette kauppaan. You’ll go / You’re going to the store.
Ne menee kauppaan. They’ll go / They’re going...
Past tense forms, except for the first-person and third-person plural (we and
they), are the same in colloquial Finnish and formal writing. Just remember
to use formal pronouns from the list above as if you need to do formal writ-
ing. The list below mostly has colloquial pronouns.
past tense forms of mennä
Mä menin töihin. I went to work.
Sä menit töihin. You went to work.
Se~hän meni töihin. He/She/It went to work.
Me mentiin töihin. We went to work.
Me menimme töihin. We went to work. (formal)
Te menitte töihin. You went to work.
Ne meni töihin. They went to work.
He menivät töihin. They went to work. (formal)
To come, to arrive
Another handy verb that needs the -Vn or the -stA.
The verb to come or to arrive is tulla in Finnish. Like the olla and the mennä,
tulla has slightly different colloquial and formal written forms.
tulla in all persons in formal writing
minä tulen I will come / I am coming
sinä tulet you will come / you are coming
hän tulee he/she will come / is coming
me tulemme we will come / we are coming
te tulette you will come / you are coming
he tulevat they will come / they are coming
You can use tulla to express that you are coming from somewhere. In that
case, the place you are coming from needs the -stA ending.
tulla with an argument in -stA
Mun juna tulee Kouvolasta. My train is coming from Kouvola.
Sen lento tulee Moskovasta. Her flight is coming from Moscow.
Khate tulee töistä kuudelta. Khate comes from work at 6pm.
It is also possible to use tulla to express that you are going to arrive some-
where, often to a place where the interlocutor is or will be. If that is the case,
the place you are going to needs the mihin ending. If you want to say there [to
the place where you are at], use the word sinne. The word for here [to the place
where I’m at] is tänne.
tulla with an argument with the -Vn ending
Mä tuun kotiin kolmelta. I’ll come home at three.
Mä tuun sinne kohta. I’ll come there / I’ll be there soon.
Tuleeks Loida tänne? Is Loida coming here?
There is a gray are where both tulla and mennä would work but the meaning
changes slightly depending on which one you use. This follows the same log-
ic as coming and going in English: If you say that the interlocutor and you (or
someone else) will end up in the same place, use tulla. If you (or someone
else) goes to a place where the interlocutor is not, use mennä.
mennä and tulla indicating where the speaker is (or is not)
Meet sä leffaan illalla? Are you going to see a movie tonight?
[the speaker will not be going]
Tuut sä leffaan illalla? Are you coming to see the movie
tonight? [the speaker will be there
also]
Mun kaveri tulee Baguioon. My friend will go~come to Baguio
[where I am / where you are].
Mun kaveri menee Baguioon. My friend will go to Baguio [but I am
not / you are not in Baguio].
The Finnish verb system is nowhere near as complex as that of Tagalog but
it is definitely trickier than verbs in English. All Finnish verbs use same per-
sonal endings, so when you want the say that you are doing something, you
would always use the pronoun mä (I, ako) and add an -n to the stem of the
verb (e.g. olla : mä oon). For sä (you, ikaw), you would at a -t, and so on.
So far, we have used verbs olla and mennä, and seen a couple of others.
Finnish has a total of six verb types. This means that there are six groups of
verbs whose members look slightly different from each other in the dictio-
nary and when you inflect them (inflecting means using a personal ending
with a verb).
Only four of the six verb types see frequent usage. Types itA (page 81)
and etA (page 82) are relatively rare except for certain high-frequency
verbs of type itA, like valita (to choose).
This part might make more sense once you have studied a few verb types, so
feel free to read this later and jump to VA verbs on the next page.
The Finnish language does not have a morphological future tense. This
means that you need the present tense to say things like I will go home and we
will come at 4pm. Without context, there is no way to tell whether a present
Finnish verb form indicates an ongoing action or a future action.
future (and present)
Mä meen kotiin. I’ll go home. (colloquial)
Minä menen kotiin. I will go home.
Me tullaan neljältä. We’ll come at four. (colloquial)
Me tulemme neljältä. We will come at four.
The Finnish present tense can also double as an equivalent for the English
progressive present (I’m eating) and unfinished verb forms of Tagalog (ku-
makain na ako). Expressions like I’m drinking just translate into Finnish as mä
juon. There is a verb form that highlights the ongoing-ness of the process but
that will be discussed later, in unit 12 in Anna mä hoidan 1.
ongoing present
Lääkäri tutkii potilasta. The doctor is examining the patient.
Mä meen kotiin. I’m going home [right now].
~ I’m on my way home.
Asukkaat katsoo TV:tä. The residents are watching TV.
Mä teen ruokaa. I’m cooking. ~ I’m making food.
If the basic form of the verb ends in any two vowels (not necessarily the
same vowels), they are members of verb type VA (vowel + A). VA verbs are
often called verb type 1 in Finnish grammar books. Here are some VA verbs:
some VA verbs
sanoa to say
puhua to talk
maksaa to pay, to cost
kysyä to ask
asua to live
matkustaa to travel
ostaa to buy
kirjoittaa to write
Knowing the basic form does not get you very far yet because personal end-
ings follow the stem, not the basic form. For VA verbs that you do not know
automatically yet, you get the stem by dropping the last vowel and then add-
ing a personal ending. With third-person singular (se), double the vowel.
inflecting type VA
KYSy + -N
add a personal ending
ready!
Mä kYsyn
I’m asking / I’ll ask
Very few verbs have different forms in colloquial and formal Finnish, and
you already know most of them (olla, mennä, and tulla, at least). For the most
part, the formal and colloquial forms of verbs are the same, so no need to
learn two variants of each. A major exception to this is the first-person plural
(the we form): it is always different in colloquial and formal Finnish. It is also
formed slightly differently from other persons.
The colloquial first-person plural (we) uses the same structure as the im-
personal plural (page 218). It is relatively easy to form and works exactly
the same way across all verb types. The marker is -An or -tAAn.
With all verb types but VA verbs, just add -An to the basic form of the verb
(not to the stem).
colloquial we in all other types of verbs but the VA
menNä + Än
add -An to the basic form
ME mENnÄäN
ready! we are going / we’ll go
With the VA verbs, things are a bit trickier. The marker is -tAAn and it is at-
tached to the so-called inflectional stem. This means the first-person singular
without the -n. If the final vowel of the stem is A, it changes into -e.
colloquial we in the VA type
mÄ ostan
drop the -n
OSTe if the vowel is a or ä, replace with e
Me ostETAaN add
-tAAn
we’re buying / we’ll buy
Here are some examples of colloquial forms.
colloquial we
syödä + An me syödään we are eating
tulla + An me tullaan we are on out way / we are coming
haluta + An me halutaan we want
valita + An me valitaan we are choosing
nauraa + tAAn me nauretaan we are laughing
If you use the colloquial we form without the pronoun (i.e. without the word
me before the verb), you are making a suggestion, like let’s Xverb in English.
One way to ask if your friend wants to do something is to use -kO/-ks with
a let’s suggestion.
let’s?
Mennäänks kauppaan? Wanna go to the store [with me]?
lit. Are we going to the store?
Käydäänks lenkillä? Wanna go for a run?
dA verbs
This is easier than VA, so maybe Finnish textbooks should start with this?
If the basic form of the verb ends in -dA, it belongs to this type. DA verbs are
also called verb type 2.
some dA verbs
syödä to to eat
tehdä to do; to make
uida to swim
The stem for dA verbs is easy to get: Drop the -dA and add a personal ending.
With third-person singular (se), do not add anything.
inflecting type dA
drop the -dA
juoda
to drink
JUO + N
add a personal ending
tadah!
Mä juon
I’m drinking / I’ll drink
all persons
mä juon I’m drinking
sä juot you are drinking
se juo ~ hän juo he/she/it is drinking
There are two slightly irregular dA verbs, nähdä (to see) and tehdä (to do, to
make). They behave like VA verbs although their basic form has the dA. It is
best to just learn them separately. The h sound in their basic forms does not
appear in the stems, and the third-person forms have an extra k sound.
nähdä inflected
Mä näen ne. I see them. / I can see them.
Sä näet ne. You see them.
Se näkee ne. He/she/it sees them.
Me nähdään ne. We see them.
Te näette ~ näätte ne. You see them. (latter is colloquial)
Ne näkee ne. They see them.
tehdä inflected
Mä teen ruokaa. I’ll make food. / I’m making food.
Sä teet ruokaa. You’re making food.
Se tekee ruokaa. He/she/it is making food.
Me tehdään ruokaa. We are making food.
Te teette ruokaa. You are making food.
Ne tekee ruokaa. They’re making food.
The third high-frequency dA verb that needs your attention is the verb käy-
dä. It has no direct equivalent in English and means roughly something like to
go and come back. It is also sometimes translated as to visit although that does
not really correspond to its usage all the time. It is common when saying that
you are quickly going to the bathroom, to the store, or to the shower, or just
dropping by somewhere in general.
In the present tense, the käydä is a regular dA verb. You only need to re-
member that the complement of käydä (i.e. the word that names the place
where you go to) needs to have the -ssA ending (or the -llA if the word nor-
mally uses the L endings, like the word Filippiinit).
käydä in context
Minä käyn kaupassa. I will go to the store.
Se käy vessassa. He/She’ll go to the bathroom.
Mä käyn suihkussa. I’ll go to the shower.
Me käydään Jollibeessä. We’re gonna drop by at Jollibee.
All verbs whose basic form ends in two consonants + an A belong to the same
type. These verbs always end in -rrA, -nnA, -stA, or -llA, with the latter being
the most common variant. In Finnish grammar books, this type is also called
verb type 3. Here are some CCA verbs:
some CCA verbs
ajatella to think
huuhdella to rinse
jutella to chitchat
keskustella to discuss
kävellä to walk
olla (irregular) to be
opiskella to study
pyöräillä to bike, to ride a bicycle
tulla to come
purra to bite
mennä to go
panna to put, to place, to fuck
pestä to wash
You get the stem for a CCA verb by replacing the final CA with an e. Then
add a personal ending. With third-person singular, add an extra e.
inflecting type CCA
KÄVEL
+ E + N add e + personal ending
valmis!
MÄ
KävELen I’m walking.
Most of the verbs whose basic form ends in a vowel + tA belong to the same
type. Some verbs that end in -itA (page 81) and many verbs that end in
-etA (page 82) do not belong to this type, though. The VtA type is im-
portant since almost all new loan verbs are inflected this way (to instagram =
instagrammata). In Finnish grammar books, this type is also called verb type
4. Here are some VtA verbs:
some VtA verbs
avata to open
haluta to want
herätä to wake up
mopata to mop
pelata to play a game
siivota to clean
tilata to order
tiskata to do dishes
tykätä to like
vuokrata to rent, to lease
You get the stem of a VtA verb by dropping the last -t (between two vowels).
Then add a personal ending. With third-person singular, add an extra A un-
less the stem has a long AA at the end already.
This type can undergo so-called consonant gradation (page 128). It means
that if the stem as a single k, p, or t before the final vowel, the consonant be-
comes doubled. Single -v also becomes p.
inflecting type VtA
tilata
drop the t
add a personal ending (with
TILAa + N
third-person, add an A if there
is no AA already)
valmis!
MÄ tIlaAn
I’ll order.
Most (but not all) verbs whose basic form ends in -itA belong to this type.
This is a very small verb type, so the list below covers most of the itA verbs
that you will ever need.
common itA verbs
häiritä to disturb
sijaita Xplace:ssA to be located in X
tarvita to need [an item or a person]
valita to choose
To add a personal ending to an itA verb, replace the final A with -se before
the personal ending. With third-person, add an extra -e.
inflecting type itA
VALIta
drop the A
valmis!
mä VALitSEN
I choose / I’m choosing / I’ll choose
Verb tarvita (to need [an item]; cf. page 291) has a shortened colloquial
form. Instead of using the stem tarvitse-, people usually say tarvii- or tarvi-
(mä tarvin, sä tarviit, se tarvii, etc.). This only applies to tarvita, not all itA
verbs.
formal and colloquial tarvita
Minä tarvitsen rahaa. I need [some] money.
Mä tarvi(i)n rahaa. I need [some] money.
Some, but not all, verbs whose basic form ends in -etA belong to the same
type. This is a very low-frequency verb type whose members usually indicate
a change of state. You could probably live in Finland quite happily for years
without knowing this type even existed. In Finnish grammar books, the etA
type is also called verb type 6. Here are some etA verbs:
some etA verbs
aueta : aukene- to open (on its own)
kuumeta to get warmer/hotter
liueta : liukene- to dissolve
mädätä : mätäne- to rot
paeta : pakene- to flee, to escape
pimetä to darken, to lose light
vanheta to get older
You get the stem for an etA verb by replacing the final -tA with -ne. Then
add a personal ending. With third-person singular, add an extra e. Many etA
verbs undergo consonant gradation (page 128), which is why mystery Ks
appear out of nowhere in the examples below.
inflecting type etA
paeta
drop tA, switch to strong grade
PAke
+ nE + N add ne + personal ending
valmis!
mä paKeNen
I’m fleeing.
To make questions whose answer is yes or no, you need to use the marker
-kO. In formal writing, the variant is -ko or kö, depending on the sounds in
the stem (i.e. vowel harmony, Kyl mä hoidan, page 72). In colloquial Finnish,
you can use -ks with verbs instead. The -kO is similar to ba in Tagalog and can
be attached to most words, not just verbs.
-kO
toi + -kO toiko? that? ~ that one?
mä + -kÖ mäkö? me?
oot + -kO sä...? ootko sä...? Are you...?
Like Tagalog, Finnish does not use an auxiliary verb (e.g. do you eat?) to make
yes–no questions. With verbs, simply use the -kO ~ -ks after the personal
ending and switch around the verb and the subject.
a formal statement turned into a yes–no question
Marco puhuu englantii. Marco speaks English.
The question do you have X? is a yes–no question so you would express that
with the possessive clause where you add the -kO and switch the verb and the
subject around. The verb olla remains in the third-person singular regardless
of the owner, so you cannot leave the -kO ~ -ks out even if the subject is sulla.
do you have?
Sulla on kynä. You have a pen.
For negative possessive clause questions (e.g. Don’t you have...?), attach the
-kO/-ks to the negative verb ei (resulting in eikö or eiks) and switch it to the
beginning of the clause before the pronoun.
a negative possessive question
Sillä ei oo aikaa. She doesn’t have time.
The -llA ending is used to mark instruments and vehicles when there is a
verb that indicates that someone is using an instrument for some purpose.
When you travel by car, by bus, by jeepney, or other vehicles, you express
that by adding the ending -llA to the vehicle.
like so
Mä meen bussilla. I’ll go by bus.
Meet sä jeepneyllä? Are you going to take a jeep?
Pearl matkustaa metrolla. Pearl travels by subway.
You need the -llA ending when you go, come, travel, or otherwise use a ve-
hicle for traveling. The associated question word is millä (by what, with what;
mikä + llA). Another similar question is miten (how).
millä questions
– Millä sä tuut review centeriin? How will you get to the review center?
– Mä tuun jeepneyllä. I’ll come by jeepney.
– Millä te meette Cebuun? How do you go to Cebu?
– Bussilla ja laivalla. By bus and by boat.
– Miten Justin menee Suomeen? How does Justin go to Finland?
– Se menee lentokoneella. He'll go by plane.
The -llA is not limited to vehicles. You can use it whenever you want to say
that you do something with an instrument or a device.
-llA marking an instrument used for an action
Lääkäri kirjoittaa kynällä. A doctor writes with a pen.
Mä otan kuvan puhelimella. I'll take a picture with a phone.
Expressing that you are walking is slightly different. You can either use the
verb kävellä (to walk) alone or the verb mennä followed by the phrase kävellen
(to go by walking).
walking
– Se kävelee. / Se menee kävellen. She'll walk.
The -llA is not automatically added to all instruments. It is used only when
there is a verb that indicates that an instrument or a vehicle is used.
an instrument in use and... not in use
Mä leikkaan lihaa veitsellä. I'm cutting meat with a knife.
Mulla on veitsi. I have a knife.
pyörä
meressä
La Unios-
sa
karaoke-
baari
tietokone
keittiössä
tosi tylsä
HarRAstat
sä joTain?
JoO. Mä
haRrastan
by]
of t he hob
[name +A.
AijaA.
Onks se
kivAa?
[what is it like]
MisSä sä
harRAStaT
sitä?
[location]
Onks se
kallIS
harRAstus?
No…
Okei.
Ja
suLla pitÄä
olLA…
[instruments]
Onks se
vAaralLinen
harRAStus?
No yksi
riskI on…
[injury]
pelaavat bingoa.
sa.
5 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
Ä
Moi! Ö
TervE. MiSsä
sä oOt?
KotOna.
Meet sä töIhin
tänäÄN?
En. MulLa on
vapaA.pÄivä.
AijAa?
Hyvä.
Miten Koti.pizza is a pizza
Vapaa means free, chain in Finland.
not imprisoned. ni?
(Free, no cost is Mä meEn
ilmainen). Vapaa- KotipiZzaAn.
päivä means a day Tuu is the command
off. TUu mukAaN.
form of tulla, meaning
MonelTa sä come! Formal com-
mEet? mand would be tule!
No (page 170). Mukaan,
in this context, means
joSkus puoli along.
kaKs.
No mä tUun
kans.
Joskus means sometimes
Kiva. or occasionally. You can
pair it with times to indi-
cate Filipino time a not-
Here, kans(sa) that-strict time frame.
means also or For example, joskus
too but it can kolmelta is around 3pm.
also mean with.
kirjastoon
0. Kolmelta mä meen __________________________ (kirjasto).
Do you have
a bus ticket?
Onks sulLa
busSi.lIPpu?
Okei.
Ä
Paljon
kello? Ö
9:30.
Oho. Mä oOn
myöhÄSsä.
MihIn sä
meEt?
MuLla on
kori.palLo.Peli.
Ai nyt?
NIi.
Mut SIel on
tosi kUuma.
Ei se
haitTaA.
Aha…
MISsä mun
paita oN? Se
punaNen.
En mä
tiedä…
mistä Sä
Islands often need the
Adding -kO to a verb
oOt? -ltA ending when ex-
and changing the Mä oOn pressing from and -llA
subject and the verb Mindanaolta. when expressing in. E.g.
around turns a state- AijaA? Luzonilta is from Luzon
ment into a question: and Honshulta is from
sinä olet (you are) › olet-
Ootko sä Honshu. Some island
ko sinä? (are you?). This muslimi? countries (e.g. Japanis-
works with all verbs, En. Oot sä? ta, Uudesta-Seelannista)
so you do not need an still use the -stA.
auxiliary verb (like do) En.
in Finnish: Puhutko
sinä suomea? is simply Okei…
Do you speak Finnish?, In colloquial Finnish,
literally speak+ba you second-person singular
Finnish? Asut sä (sä) yes–no questions
DavaosSa? can be formed without
the -kO by switching
JoO. the pronoun and the
verb around (sä oot ->
In colloquial Finnish,
Onks se kiva oot sä?). This works
kaupunKi? only with second-per-
you can replace -kO son singular.
with -ks (onko : onks?,
tuletteko te : tuletteks
No joO… Se
te?) in all persons ex- on ihan ok. SE ON
cept for sä. tosI iso. Mistä sä When you have a ques-
Oot? tion word (like mistä,
Mä Oon San mikä, missä, monelta,
FernaNdosta. etc.), you cannot use
-kO. Just start with the
PampangAsta? question word.
Eiku La
UnIonista.
English has no direct
AijaA? SiIStIi! translation for the Finn-
In colloquial Finnish, ish verb harrastaa (~to
eiku (or ei ku) is used
HarRastaTko sä hobby, to have something
to disagree with or to surFfausta? as a hobby).
correct the previous JoO! Entäs
statement. It is similar The questions literally
to reacting with “no, ...”
Sä? means do you hobby
in English. surfing?
En. Mä haRrAstan
longboardauSTA.
Juttu is handy term No se on
that means a thing, an It’s common to hear
object, or an item of melkEin sama kyllä in conversations as
business like in mulla on jUttu. an emphasizer, similar
yks juttu..., I’ve got one No... ei to really or I’m certain
thing...or mikä toi juttu kyLlä oO. in English. Here, this
on? what’s that thing? phrase means roughly
well, it really isn’t.
Joo. Mulla...
7. Onko sulla iso perhe (a large family)? _____________________________
13
Kirjoita kysymykset kirja.kielellä.
Write the questions above in formal written Finnish. You only need to change
verbs and pronouns, so leave everything after sinä and sinulla as it is.
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________________________
8. ____________________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________
11. ____________________________________________________________
12. ____________________________________________________________
2.
1.
JOo. Nyt on
maAnantai.
Eiku mä asun
camp 7:sSä.
4.
3.
Joo. Lex on
Eiku juna Viganista.
tulEe 22:30.
5.
6.
öÖö… jOo.
Ehkä.
Se on
katoliNen.
1. Say hi.
2. Say who you are.
3. Ask where they are from.
4. Ask where they live now.
5. Ask what they usually (yleensä) eat there.
6. Ask where they work.
7. Ask what their hobby is.
8. Ask what time it is.
Sori, mut
MUn piTÄä meNnä, sorry but I have
9. Say why you need to go. to go because...
kosKA…
10. Say bye. [reason]
nimi: _____________________________________
koti.kaupunki: _____________________________________
suosikki.ruoka:
[ ] japanilainen ruoka [ ] italialainen ruoka
[ ] intialainen ruoka [ ] filippiiniläinen ruoka
[ ] meksikolainen ruoka [ ] pikaruoka
työ.paikka:
[ ] siivous.firma
[ ] hoiva.koti
harrastus:
[ ] kori.pallo [ ] käsi.työt
[ ] zumba [ ] olut
[ ] pyöräily [ ] lukeminen
[ ] juoksu [ ] koirat
[ ] piirtäminen [ ] kirjoittaminen
[ ] lauta.pelit [ ] video.pelit
1. – __________________________________________________________
– En. Minä olen sairaanhoitaja.
2. – __________________________________________________________
– En. Minä olen kasvis.syöjä.
3. – __________________________________________________________
– Joo. Minä käyn kunto.salilla ja juoksen.
4. – __________________________________________________________
– En. Olen yhä sinkku.
5. – __________________________________________________________
– Ei. Minulla ei ole lemmikkiä.
6. – __________________________________________________________
– Ei kiitos. Olen absolutisti.
7. – __________________________________________________________
– En voi lähteä baariin tänään, koska huomenna on töitä.
20
Kysy puhe.kielellä.
Ask in colloquial Finnish.
1. Missä sä oot?
____________________________________________________________
2. Tiedät sä, mikä tämä on?
____________________________________________________________
3. Monelta te tuutte huomenna?
____________________________________________________________
4. Onks sulla ilta.vuoro lauantaina?
____________________________________________________________
5. Sataaks nyt lunta?
____________________________________________________________
6. Harrastat sä jotain (something)?
____________________________________________________________
7. Oot sä masentunut?
____________________________________________________________
8. Onks sulla tuki.sukat (compression stockings)?
____________________________________________________________
22 Kysy parilta.
Ask your yes–questions from your partner.
24
Täytä oikealla verbillä oikeassa muodossa.
Choose VA verbs from the box and fill in with the correct form.
25
Vastaa kysymykseen alleviivatulla verbillä.
Answer the question using the underlined verb VA verb.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 101
28
Täytä oikeassa muodossa.
Fill in with CCA verbs in the right form.
29
Täytä oikeassa muodossa.
Fill in with given verbs in the right form.
30
Kysy parilta CCA-verbeillä.
Ask your partner using CCA verbs.
____________________________________________________________
2. Missä sä chillaat, jos sulla on vapaa-aikaa?
Where do you chill if you have free time?
____________________________________________________________
3. Millä äpillä (an app) sä chättäät perheen kanssa? after thE apP
Put -lLA 3.
What app do you use for chatting with your family? Name in #
____________________________________________________________
4. Twiittaatko sä?
Do you tweet? (i.e. Do you use Twitter?)
____________________________________________________________
5. Tsekkaatko sä Facebookin usein vai tosi usein? Vai ei koskaan?
Do you check Facebook often or really often? Or never?
____________________________________________________________
6. Mitä sä tilaat Jollibeessä?
What do you order at Jollibee?
____________________________________________________________
7. Pelaatko sä internet.kahvilassa tai pelaatko puhelimella?
Do you play at an Internet cafe or do you play on your phone?
____________________________________________________________
8. Vuokraatko sä asuntoa? Mitä se maksaa kuussa?
Are you renting an apartment? What does it cost per month?
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 103
33
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Use verbs you know and the verbs in the box.
1. We speak Finnish.
____________________________________________________________
2. We’re going to the nursing home.
____________________________________________________________
3. Pekkaname laughs a lot.
____________________________________________________________
4. Is it expensive?
____________________________________________________________
5. Does it cost 50 euros?
____________________________________________________________
6. I speak Finnish. A little.
____________________________________________________________
7. Youplural sing karaoke?
____________________________________________________________
8. I’ll go now.
____________________________________________________________
9. Is Amanda going to church on Sunday?
____________________________________________________________
10. Does she drink coffee?
____________________________________________________________
11. Are they in Baguio on the weekend?
____________________________________________________________
12. Mattiname eats an apple (omena + -A).
____________________________________________________________
13. Do you remember?
____________________________________________________________
14. Are you coming from work?
____________________________________________________________
15. Patients (potilaat) watch TV (televisio + -tA).
____________________________________________________________
16. We’ll dance tomorrow.
____________________________________________________________
17. What do you do?
____________________________________________________________
18. Does Sonjaname have eyeglasses (silmä.lasit)?
____________________________________________________________
Suomessa
0. Me ollaan _______________________________ (Suomi).
Ruotsiin
Huomenna me mennään _______________________________ (Ruotsi).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 105
36
Kirjoita kysymys, joka sopii vastaukseen.
Write a question that matches the answer.
37
Kirjoita oikea muoto.
Write the correct form.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 107
39
Kysy parilta, mitä hän tekee ensin.
Ask your partner what they do first. Answer in first
person (e.g. mä juon kahvia ensin, I’ll drink coffee first).
The adverb first is en-
sin and the adverb then
is sit(ten) in Finnish.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 109
41
Muuta kirjakielelle.
Change into formal written Finnish. Change pronouns (mä » minä) and verb
forms (mä oon » minä olen).
jaa. Nyt mä asun Tampereella, mutta mun äiti asuu Helsingissä ja mun isä asuu
Espoossa. Mun äiti oli lääkäri mutta se on nyt eläkkeellä. Isä on työtön. Mun veli on
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
42
Muuta kolmanteen persoonaan.
Change the text above into third person as if you were talking about your friend.
You can stick to colloquial Finnish. Change pronouns (mä » se/hän) and verb
forms (mä oon » se on ~ Pekka on).
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 111
44 Sano englanniksi.
Express a similar idea in English.
Monelta se
konsErTti on
täNäÄn?
Ööö… Se on
kahdeksalta.
Sinne is se +Vn (to MilLä Sä
it, to there). meEt sinNe?
Mä lUuleN, et
mä meEn
metrolLa.
Okei. MiLlä sä
meEt kotiIn?
Varmaan means
Mä meen maybe or probably.
varmaAn It is interchangeable
Mut is a colloquial
taksIlla. with ehkä (maybe).
form of mutta, a
Mut taksi on
conjunction that tosi kallis!
means the same as
but in English.
No joO. Mut In formal writing,
mä en halUu this would be minä
en halua (see verb
menNÄ metroLla type VtA on page
yölLä. 80). The meaning
is the same, though:
I don’t want.
cle).
_________________(by boat).
(by subway).
_________________(by bus).
ambulance).
plane).
red motorbike).
_________________(by car).
_________________(a wheelchair).
_________________(by bus).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 113
47
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
48
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Do not translate the English progressive (to be
Xverbing) with olla. Just use the Finnish present tense.
nukkua mennä
maksaa ostaa
tulla kysyä
soittaa (to call) lähteä (to leave, to depart)
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
1. ________________________________________
– ______________________________________
2. ________________________________________
– ______________________________________
3. ________________________________________
– ______________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 2 115
52
Pelaa lautapeliä ja tee lauseita.
Make sentences by playing the board game on the opposite page.
1. Take three pawns (coins, etc.) and place two of them on the two circular
tracks on the board. Place the third one in the circle in the middle.
2. Throw a dice. Advance all three pawns clockwise on the board. The middle-
most pawn only moves if you roll an uneven number.
3. Look at the board and make a Finnish sentence based on the criteria the
pawns on the board give.
– The outermost track dictates the main verb that you need to use in the
right form.
– The track with personal pronouns (mä, sä, etc.) dictates the person you
need to use with the verb. It affects the ending the verb needs.
– The innermost circle dictates whether you should make a statement (e.g.
mä juon viiniä, I’m drinking wine) or a yes–no question (e.g. Juonks mä
viiniä? Am I drinking wine?).
– To make a meaningful sentence, you can pick a word or words to finish
the sentence under the main verb on the outermost track. For example,
with juoda (to drink), you can finish the sentence by specifying what the
person is drinking by choosing from vettä (water), mehua (juice), olutta
(beer), etc. listed under the verb.
4. Write down the sentences you make.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
An example: After rolling and moving all pawns, the pawns are located at
haluta on the outermost track, te on the personal pronoun track, and -kO
question. You would need to make a sentence that says Do youplural want...
followed by anything in the haluta square on the outermost track. Since
you are making a yes–no question, you need to start with the verb. Haluta
is a VtA verb, so its stem is halua-. The person is te, so you need to add a
matching personal ending to the stem of the verb. For te, it is -tte (for mä,
it would be -n, and for sä it would be -t, and so on). You then need to add
the question tag -kO (or -ks) since it can only be left out in second-person
singular (i.e. sä). The verb is then followed by the personal pronoun (te),
so you get Haluatteks te...? (Do youplural want...?). You can then finish the
sentence with anything in the outermost track under haluta. For example,
Haluatteks te ruokaa? Do youplural want food?
If you are making a statement and not a yes–no question, start with the
pronoun, followed by the verb in the right form. For the example above,
that would be Te haluatte ruokaa (Youplural want food).
Professions and
workplaces
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 119
Professions and workplaces
When you want to small talk about something other than the weather.
professions
kokki a chef, a cook
journalisti a journalist
poliisi a police
mekaanikko a mechanic
insinööri an engineer
myyjä a clerk, a salesperson (from myydä, to sell)
opettaja a teacher (opettaa, to teach)
tarjoilija a waiter, a waitress (tarjoilla, to serve [food])
siivooja a cleaner, a housekeeper (siivota, to clean)
maan.viljelijä ~ farmari a farmer (viljellä, to grow, to farm)
yrittäjä an entrepreneur (yrittää, to try)
vartija a guard
pelastaja ~ palo.mies a firefighter
rakennus.mies ~ kirves.mies a builder, a construction worker
juristi a lawyer
bussi.kuski a bus driver
rekka.kuski a truck driver
healthcare professions
lääkäri a doctor, a physician
hammas.lääkäri a dentist (lit. tooth doctor)
kirurgi a surgeon
sairaan.hoitaja a nurse
(from sairas, sick, and hoitaa, to take care of)
lähi.hoitaja a practical nurse
hoiva-avustaja an assistant nurse
(from avustaa, to assist, and hoivata, to nurture)
fysio.terapeutti a physiotherapist
1.
Mikä sun
amMAtTi on?
– What’s your profession?
– I’m an entrepreneur.
mÄ oOn
yriTtäjÄ.
2.
MitÄ sä tEeT
tyÖkSi?
– What do you do for living?
– I’m a nurse.
mä OoN
sairAanhoitAja.
3.
mIsSä sÄ OoT
töisSÄ?
– Where do you work at?
ATtendoN – At an Attendo nursing home.
hoivakOdiSsa.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 121
To like
How you express that you like something or someone.
Finnish has two verbs to indicate that you like or are fond of something, sim-
ilar to mahilig in Tagalog. Their basic forms are tykätä and pitää. These verbs
are interchangeable, which means they mean the same thing and are used the
same way. This textbook focuses on tykätä as you can use it with verbs and
nouns. Pitää only works with nouns.
interchangeable with a noun as a complement
Mä pidän kahvista. I like coffee.
Mä tykkään kahvista. I like coffee.
Unlike gusto and the English verb to like, the two Finnish verbs only express
that you have a favorable opinion of something or that you are fond of some-
thing. They do not have the meaning of wanting something, so you cannot
use them to ask about someone’s immediate preference although gusto and
like questions work for both. To ask if someone wants something, you need to
use the verb haluta (to want). Also, unlike mahilig in Tagalog, it is not strange
or odd to use tykätä and pitää to say that you like someone as a person.
gusto mo ba?
Tykkäät sä teestä? Do you like tea?
[As in, is tea a drink you’re fond of?]
Haluut sä ~ Haluatko sä teetä? Do you want some tea? [Or not?]
Both pitää and tykätä undergo consonant gradation (see page 128). With
tykätä, that means that the basic form has a single k while all forms with a
personal ending have two ks.
tykätä (kk : k)
Mä tykkään tästä leffasta. I like this movie.
Sä tykkäät tästä leffasta. You like this movie.
Se/Mary tykkää tästä leffasta. He/she /it / Mary likes this movie.
Here is what to say when you do not like something. The negative verb in
Finnish is ei. It needs personal endings that match the subject (see page 125
and Kyl mä hoidan, page 66).
negative
Mä en tykkää tästä kirjasta. I don’t like this book.
Sä et tykkää Hannasta. You don’t like Hanna.
Se / Mary ei tykkää viinistä. He/she/it / Mary doesn’t like wine.
To ask someone if they like something, add a yes–no question tag (-kO, page
83) to tykätä. The -kO handles the same role as the English auxiliary ques-
tion do or is.
formal do you like..? questions
Tykkäätkö sinä kalasta? Do you like fish?
lit. Like[you][ba] you fish[about]?
Pitääkö Marco kahvista? Does Marco like coffee?
Tykkäättekö te metalli.musiikista? Do you like metal music?
Pitävätkö he Suomesta? Do they like Finland?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 123
To ask someone what they like, start your question with the question word
mistä (mikä + -stA, similar to what and ano), possibly followed by a class or
type of thing you want to ask about (and add -stA). For people, the question
word is kenestä (kuka + -stA, who).
what do you like?
– Mistä ruoasta sä tykkäät? What food do you like?
– (Mä tykkään) kiinalaisesta ruoasta. (I like) Chinese food.
– Kenestä sä tykkäät? Whom do you like?
– (Mä pidän) mun miehestä. (I like) my husband.
– Mistä bändistä sä tykkäät? What band do you like?
– Opethista ja The Porcupine Treestä. Opeth and the Porcupine Tree.
– Mistä kahvista Marco tykkää? What coffee does Marco like?
– (Se pitää) Arabicasta. (He likes) Arabica.
– Kenestä poliitikosta te ette tykkää? Which politician do you not like?
– Donald Trumpista. Donald Trump.
Another possible question word with tykätä and pitää is milla(i)sesta (what
kind of, anong klase). Its basic form is millainen (so millaise- + -stA).
what kind of X do you like?
– Millaisesta ruoasta sä tykkäät? What kind of food do you like?
– Terveellisestä ruoasta. Healthy food.
The tykätä is interchangeable with pitää in many contexts, and both need the
thing you like with the -stA ending. You can use a verb after tykätä to say that
you like doing something. This does not work with pitää as it can only be fol-
lowed by a noun. Here is pitää in all persons for reference.
pitää inflected (t : d)
Mä pidän tästä leffasta. I like this movie.
Sä pidät tästä leffasta. You like this movie.
Se/Mary pitää tästä leffasta. He/she/it / Mary likes this movie.
Me pidetään tästä leffasta. We like this movie.
Te pidätte tästä leffasta. Youplural like this movie.
Ne / Hoitajat pitää tästä leffasta. They / nurses like this movie.
Mä en pidä tästä. I don’t like this.
Negative sentences
How to say you do not speak Swedish.
To make negative sentences like I’m not from Manila or we don’t have food,
you need the negative verb ei. The negative verb can have a personal ending,
just like any verb. Here is the ei in all persons:
the ei inflected, personal ending underlined
mä en I don’t
sä et you don’t
se ei he/she doesn’t
me ei / me emme we don’t / we do not
te ette you don’t
ne ei / he eivät they don’t / they do not
In a negative clause in Finnish, only the ei has a personal ending. The verb
that follows the ei does not have an ending. Instead, it uses the first-person
singular without the -n (this is a so-called inflectional stem).
basic form, first-person singular, and inflectional stem
puhua : puhun : puhu
syödä : syön : syö
pestä : pesen : pese
tykätä : tykkään : tykkää
valita : valitsen : valitse
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 125
To make a complete negative clause, you need the negative verb in the right
form and the inflectional stem of the verb after it. This works the same way
with all persons. The colloquial me is slightly different.
negative sentences
Mä asun Baguiossa. I live in Baguio
Mä en asu Baguiossa. I don’t live in Baguio.
Mä tykkään pizzasta. I like pizza.
Mä en tykkää pizzasta. I don’t like pizza.
Sä puhut ruotsii. You speak Swedish.
Sä et puhu ruotsii. You don’t speak Swedish.
Se matkustaa Singaporeen. He/She travels to Singapore.
Se ei matkusta Singaporeen He/She doesn’t travel to Singapore.
With colloquial me, use ei, not emme. The following colloquial present verb
does not have the final -An.
positive and negative colloquial me
Me lauletaan karaokee. We’re singing karaoke.
Me ei lauleta karaokee. We’re not singing karaoke.
Me tykätään suomesta. We like Finnish [language].
Me ei tykätä suomesta. We don’t like Finnish [language].
Me opiskellaan viikonloppuna. We’ll study on the weekend.
Me ei opiskella viikonloppuna. We won’t study on the weekend.
For negative questions, switch the negative verb and the grammatical subject
(i.e. the actor of the clause) around. The negative verb needs the -kO or -ks.
You can ignore the -kO with sä.
negative questions
Ne ei syö kimchii. They don’t eat kimchi.
Reading beyond this point will not make much sense until you have studied
the consonant gradation (page 128).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 127
Consonant gradation
This is why tykätä has two Ks with a personal ending.
You may have noticed that sometimes consonants get doubled or disappear
when the word has an ending (e.g. tykätä but mä tykkään). This phenomenon
is called consonant gradation or aste.vaihtelu in Finnish. It means that con-
sonants k, p, and t, and consonant clusters that contain them have a strong
(vahva) and a weak (heikko) variant. Certain forms of verbs and nouns use a
strong variant and others may use a weak variant.
strong and weak of a consonant cluster kk
klinikka a clinic
klinikalla at the clinic
Gradation does not happen with all Finnish words – usually only with words
that have k, p, or t or their weak variant between the last two syllables of the
word. With nouns, usually, the word with an ending has a weak grade (Mikol-
la) and the ending-less one has a strong grade (Mikko). There is also reverse
gradation: for VtA verbs like tykätä, the basic form is weak and forms for all
personal endings are strong.
Here are all possible consonant clusters with a strong and a weak versions:
sounds affected by consonant gradation
strong grades weak grades examples: strong to weak
kk k nukkua (to sleep) mä nukun
pp p oppia (to learn) mä opin
tt t ottaa (to grab) mä otan
In VA verbs that have gradation, the basic form and third-person forms
(singular and plural) have a strong grade. All other forms that use personal
endings can be weak if there are gradating clusters in the last two syllables.
some VA verbs with gradation
antaa to give
Mä annan ne Lauralle. I’ll give give them to Laura.
Laura antaa ne sulle. Laura will give them to you.
Me annetaan se Annille. We’ll give it to Anni. (see next page)
auttaa to help
Mä autan sua. I’ll help you.
Jared auttaa mua. Jared will help me.
Me autetaan Willii. We’ll help Will.
If a VtA verb has gradation, its dictionary has a weak grade, but all forms
with personal endings (including third person) have a strong grade.
some VtA verbs with gradation
leikata to cut; to operate (medical term)
Mä leikkaan leipää. I’m cutting the bread.
Se leikkaa kakkuu. She is cutting the cake.
Me leikataan tää. We’ll cut this.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 129
CCA verbs whose basic form ends in llA (like kuunnella, to listen) may have
combinations that undergo gradation. The basic form is weak, and forms
with personal ending are strong (mä kuuntelen).
some CCA verbs with gradation
kuunnella to listen
Mä kuuntelen. I’m listening.
Pomo kuuntelee sua. The boss will listen to you.
Me kuunnellaan hevii. We’re listening to heavy metal.
All colloquial we forms always have a weak grade because they use the
first-person stem in the VA type and the basic form with all other types (and
those are always weak).
colloquial we of antaa (to give, VA)
Me annetaan se niille. We’ll give it to them.
from mä annan » anne- + tAAn
cf. mä annan / se antaa
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 131
1 Lue dialogit. Mieti, missä keskustelut tapahtuvat.
Read the dialogs. Come up with a location where they could take place.
2.
Hei kato.
1.
No?
Moi.
mOI. KumMasta sä
tyKkäÄT? Tästä
vai täStÄ?
Mä tykKÄän
sun T YylistÄ. Toi
punanen on
KiItTi. parempi.
Mun
KäYt sÄ uSEIn mielestä tÄä
TääLlä? vihrEe.
jOo. AIka No jos sä pidät
useiN. vihrEestä, ni osTa
oKeI. VIHREe.
tyKkÄäTkÖ sä
tÄsTä Okei. Mä
biIsiStÄ? tilaan tän
VihReEN.
Ihan Ok.
JoO. mä
tyKkÄän TästÄ
Janne and Katri
myös… MÄ oOn are first names.
jAnNe.
katrI.
3.
Mistä
mistÄ drinkistÄ fIliPpIiniläiseSTÄ
SÄ T YKkäÄt? Mä ruoasta sä
voIN tarjoTA tykkäät?
suLle. Bicol
Sori, mÄ express on
odOtan MuN hyväÄ.
miestÄ. JoO! Entäs
tYkKäÄT sä
balutistA?
En. mut
one day old
on ok.
Haha, mä en
halua syödä
sitä.
1. Tykkäätkö sä alkoholista?
____________________________________________________________
2. Kenestä sä tykkäät tosi paljon?
____________________________________________________________
3. Tykkäätkö sä enemmän (more) koirista vai kissoista?
____________________________________________________________
4. Mistä sä et tykkää Filippiineillä?
____________________________________________________________
5. ���������������������������������������������������������� ?
____________________________________________________________
6. Millaisesta __________________________________________________ ?
____________________________________________________________
1. Tykkäätkö sä koripallosta?
____________________________________________________________
2. Mistä elokuvasta sä tykkäät paljon (a lot)?
____________________________________________________________
3. Mistä biisistä sä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
4. Millaisesta naisesta / miehestä sä tykkäät?
____________________________________________________________
5. Millaisesta naisesta / miehestä sä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
6. Millaisesta musiikista sä tykkäät?
____________________________________________________________
7. Kenestä sä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
8. Mistä auto.merkistä sä tykkäät eniten (the most)?
____________________________________________________________
9. Kenestä urheilijasta sä tykkäät?
____________________________________________________________
10. Tykkäät sä enemmän (more) kirjasta vai elokuvasta?
____________________________________________________________
11. Kenestä historian henkilöstä (historic figure) sä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 133
4 Sano samankaltainen ajatus suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
__Kenestä
__________________________________________________________
4. We like beer.
____________________________________________________________
__Filippiiniläiset
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
__Suomalaiset
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
__Millaisesta
__________________________________________________________
__Mistä sä
__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
samaa en osaa
eri mieltä
mieltä sanoa
1. Minä en tykkää sotkuisesta sähkö.
posti.laatikosta.
2. Minä tykkään uusista ihmisistä.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 135
7 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
1. Kenestä sä tykkäät?
____________________________________________________________
2. Kenestä sä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
3. Mistä et tykkää?
____________________________________________________________
4. Mistä sä tykkäät?
____________________________________________________________
________________ Vuokon.
Jorman.
hoitaa (to take care of sth) valittaa (to complain)
aktiviteetit.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 137
10
Maria valittaa hänen laiskasta tyttöystävästä, Janinasta. Kirjoita ver-
bit oikeassa muodossa.
Maria rants about her lazy girlfriend, Janina. Use the given verbs in the right form.
11
On Janinan vuoro valittaa Mariasta. Kirjoita verbit oikeassa muodossa.
It is Janina’s turn to rant about Maria. Use the given verbs in the right form.
phone call)
something)
0. Jannename sanoi, että se ottaa oluen. (Janne said he’s going to have a beer.)
__Otatko sä? (Are you going to have [a beer]?)
__________________________________________________________
1. Annikaname sanoi, että se lukee mangaa.
____________________________________________________________
2. Joonasname sanoi, että se nukkuu aamulla pitkään (sleeps in).
____________________________________________________________
3. Keijoname sanoi, että se lähtee mökille (to a summer cabin).
____________________________________________________________
4. Janikaname sanoi, että se tuntee (knows) meidän pomon puolison.
____________________________________________________________
olemme
0. Me _________________ on ( he ovat) Japanista.
Filippiineiltä, ja ne _________________
~
1. Me ____________________ lihasta, ja ne ____________________ kala- ja
kasvisruoasta. (tykätä)
2. Me ____________________ José Rizalia, ja ne ____________________
Haruki Murakamia. (lukea)
3. Me ____________________ presidenttiin, ja ne ____________________
keisariin. (luottaa, to trust)
4. Me ____________________ keskimäärin 2,98 [kaks(i) pilkku yheks.kyt-
kahdeksan] lasta per nainen, ja ne ____________________ 1,42 lasta per
nainen. (synnyttää, to give birth)
14 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 139
15
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
16
Kysy muilta.
Ask others.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 141
18
Missä nämä ihmiset ovat töissä. Täytä oikealla sanalla.
Where do these people work? Fill in with the correct word. You need the -ssA
ending with some of the workplaces.
Pub
Rosetti sanoma.lehti maa.tila Finnair Onnibus Oulun
Laki
Oy
______________________.
_____________________.
_______________________ .
_______________________.
19
Yhdistä työpaikka ja ammatti.
Connect the professions with workplaces.
1. bussikuski a. toimisto
2. yrittäjä b. koulu
4. poliisi d. sairaala
5. palomies e. poliisi.asema
6. sairaanhoitaja f. bussi
7. opettaja g. palo.asema
8. insinööri h. oikeus.talo
a. puu.seppä
Mä tyKkäÄn käsi.töistä tosi b. pappi
paljon. MuLla on nykYäÄn Oma 1. ____ c. poro.mies
verstas. Mä teEn sIelLä d. lääkäri
huonekaluja. e. upseeri
f. valo.kuvaaja
Mä Oon sota.tieTEIden
maisteri ja majuri. Mä oOn olLu 4. ____
paRI kertAa ulkomaILla
rAuhan.turvaAjanA.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 143
21 Täytä taulukko ja puhu parin kanssa.
Fill in the table and talk to your partner.
kokki
poliisi
opettaja
bussikuski
journalisti
Mitä sä
tyKkäÄT koKIn Here, mitä sä tykkäät
X:stA is a fixed expres-
amMAtista? sion for what’s is your
opinion on X or what do
you think of X.
Kokin?
Kokin ammatista
NiI. means chef's profession.
EmMä tiIä. Se
on varmaAn
Here, mus-
ta means in [adjective]. Entäs
my opinion suSta?
or I think. Musta se on
[adjective].
JoO. Mitä ne
tarviI?
[list items/
qualities]
jOo jA
[list items/qualities]
Moi. PekKA.
Ö
Say your name (here,
Terve. Mä Pekka and Liisa).
Oon liIsA.
Okei. Mikä
sun amMatTi
on?
mÄ oon
läÄkärI. EntÄs
sä?
Say the profession.
Mä OoN
sairAanhoitAja.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 145
Nimi Ammatti Työpaikka Mikä se on?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 147
23
Kirjoita verbi ja kysy muilta.
Write the verb in the right form. Then ask others.
24
Valitse verbi ja täytä.
Pick a verb and fill in third-person plural.
hoitavat
0. Hoitajat _________________ potilaita.
25
Muuta mä-muotoon.
Change plural forms (me) into the first-person singular (mä).
27 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Use the present tense and do not try to translate
the English progressive literally (e.g. I am reading would just be mä luen, lit. I read
~ I’ll read ~ I’m reading).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 149
28
Täytä negatiivisilla muodoilla ja kysy kaverilta.
Fill in with negative forms and ask your partner.
29
Muuta lauseet kielteisiksi.
Change the sentences from positive to negative.
syödä mennä
naimisiin käyttää juoda uskoa mennä
5. Nunnat ____________________.
31 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. The task continues on the next page.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 151
11. Finns don’t like noise (melu).
____________________________________________________________
12. Are you not going to eat? ~ lit. Don’t you eat?
____________________________________________________________
13. We don’t have school.
____________________________________________________________
14. Don’t you remember?
____________________________________________________________
15. We don’t need it (sitä). (use tarvita)
____________________________________________________________
16. She doesn’t like me anymore (enää).
____________________________________________________________
17. She doesn’t like me yet.
____________________________________________________________
18. Are you not going to take a bath (käydä suihkussa)?
____________________________________________________________
32
Kirjoita sun vapaa.päivästä. Mitä sä teet ja mitä sä et tee?
Write about your day off. What do you do and what you do not do?
33
Kuuntele ja kirjoita ammatti.
Listen to the dialogs and write down a profession and/or a relative (a sister, a
father, etc.) mentioned in them.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
Aamulla
– herätä
– tsekata Facebook
– syödä aamu.palaa
– käydä suihkussa
– tehdä kotitehtävät
Päivällä
– olla töissä
– syödä päivällistä (a lunch)
– pitää tauko
– hengata kaupungilla (around town)
– käydä kaupassa
Illalla
– syödä illallista (a dinner)
– syödä iltapalaa (a supper)
– katsoa TV:tä
– lukea kirjaa
– hengata SM:ssä
– kuntoilla / liikkua (to exercise)
– pelata DOTA2:ta netti.kahvilassa
– käydä saunassa
– käydä suihkussa
– tehdä ruokaa
– mennä nukkumaan
(to go to bed, lit. to go to sleep)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 153
35
Kuuntele, millainen toisten maanantai.aika.taulu on.
Listen to others talk about their Monday schedule and write down the actions and
times you hear. Talk to two different people.
kieltää syöttää
kk k
+ Heitä noppaa ja tee lause. +
lasta, asukasta, 36 Roll a die and make a sentence by using the per- pp p asukasta, lasta,
kaveria son you rolled. Clusters affected by gradation tt t potilasta
are in blue. k [nothing]
p v
Unit 3
lasta, potilasta, 5. te lt ll pullaa, leipää,
asukasta, haavaa 6. ne / Korhoset / hoitajat / asukkaat rt rr keksejä
155
37
Kirjoita puhekielelle.
Write the text in colloquial Finnish (i.e. change formal we forms into colloquial).
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
38
Täytä oikealla verbimuodolla.
Fill in with the correct form. Use the verbs given in the box. A verb may be used
twice.
ostaa paistaa
(×2) erota häiritä tupakoida siivota osata
mennä
(×2) soida muistaa käydä puhua pyöräillä urheilla
take to X) roskat.
13. Koulun jälkeen minä __________________ (do sports) kuntosalilla tai lenk-
kipolulla.
kerran kuussa.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 3 157
158 Unit 4 Mikko Taurama & Olli Ruha
unit 4
A visit to
the doctor
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 159
A visit to the doctor
Words for hospital or clinic visits.
2.
4.
Mikä sun
numero on? TarvitaAnks me
vuOro.NumEro?
46.
JoO.
Kohta… VarmAan.
1.
3.
Dela
Cruz! Moi. MulLA
oN aiKA kElLo
Terve. 10:15.
Moi. KäY Okei. huoNe 128.
siSÄän. sÄ voiT istua ja
odOtTaA tÄsSä
aulASsa.
selvä.
You could also say tuu
sisään. Both translate into
come on in. Tuu works
better if the interlocutor
is already inside the room,
käy if both speakers are
outside the room, similar
to come and go in English.
things
vuoro.numero a queue number
esi.tieto.lomake an admission form,
a pre-registration form (usually submitted online)
tuoli a chair
other concepts
aika a scheduled appointment (page 162)
hätä.numero an emergency number (112 in the EU;
pronounced /yks yks kaks/)
vebrs
ilmoittautua to check in [to a hospital]; to sign up
odottaa (formal) ~ oottaa (colloq.) to wait; to expect
soittaa ambulanssi to call an ambulance
kutsua to call [someone by name]; to invite
adjectives
akuutti acute, urgent
kiireellinen urgent
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 161
Appointments
...with a healthcare professional.
The word for an appointment with a doctor or another healthcare professionals is aika, lit-
erally time. It also works with any institutional* appointments. If you need to be more spe-
cific about the nature of the event, you can make a compound word.
compounds with aika
lääkäri.aika a doctor’s appointment,
an appointment with a doctor
kampaamo.aika a hair salon appointment
Mutual agreement
How to suggest and agree on times and actions.
Finnish has two verbs that you can use to ask or to confirm if something suits or works.
They are käydä and sopia. In the context of agreeing on something, the two are interchange-
able and mean roughly the same as does X work for you? or is X okay? In this context, the
käydä does not have the denotation of going and coming back like it otherwise would (page
77).
The structure in the present tense is Xidea/time sopii ~ käy Yperson:lle (X works for Y, X is okay
with Y). Negative third-persons are ei sovi and ei käy.
interchangeable verbs
– Sopiiko / käyks maanantai sulle? Does Monday work for you?
– Joo, sopii / käy (mulle). Yeah, it works (for me).
– Käyks maanantaina kolmelta? Does Monday at 3pm work?
– Ei käy. / Ei sovi. No, it doesn't work.
– Sopiiks niille, että mun kaveri tulee? Is it okay with them that my friend
comes?
– Joo, sopii. Yeah, it's fine.
*In NLRC materials, institutional means a context where one of the speakers is engaged
in the conversation as a part of their job but the other one is not, like a doctor and a
patient, a hairdresser and a customer, or a police officer and a jaywalker.
Se ei KÄy, ku mulLa on
magnEetTi.kuvaUS.aikA
Magneetti.kuvaus kymMenelTä.
means MRI.
5.
MilLon mE
sUunNiTeLlaAn
äidIn syntTärit?
SopiIks
vIikonLopPU?
LauAntaI
sopiI. SuNnUNTAi
ei.
No
lAUanTainA
siT.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 163
How are you feeling?
Asking about one’s condition.
Here are three way to ask about somebody’s mental or physical condition.
The first option is to use the verb vaivata (to trouble). The person or personal pronoun
being asked about needs the partitive ending (page 211). For the purposes of this unit, it is
enough that you add -A or -V.
option 1
Mikä Xperson:A vaivaa? What’s troubling X?
Mikä sua vaivaa? What’s wrong with you?
Mikä asukasta vaivaa? What’s troubling the resident?
Mikä Petriä vaivaa? What’s wrong with Petri?
Another way is to use the possessive clause (page 26). It literally means what does X
have.
option 2
Mikä Xperson:llA on? What’s wrong with X?
Mikä sulla on? What’s wrong with you?
Mikä Petrillä on? What’s wrong with Petri?
The third way to ask the same is with the verb voida (can; to feel). Finnish has two words
for how: miten and kuinka. They are interchangeable but kuinka is somewhat formal com-
pared to miten.
option 3
Miten / Kuinka Xperson voi? How is X doing/feeling?
Miten sä voit? How are you (feeling)?
Kuinka asukas voi? How is the resident (feeling)?
Miten Petri voi? How is Petri (feeling)?
The first two questions also work as passive-aggressive rhetorical questions (What’s wrong
with you?!) if someone is doing something dumb. That is obviously not very polite or profes-
sional, so watch your tone when asking Mikä sua vaivaa? or Mikä sulla on?
The possessive clause (mulla on X, etc.) is a common way to express that you have a medical
condition. The structure is Yperson:llA on Xcondition.
examples
Mulla on flunssa. I have a flu.
Mulla on huono olo. I’m not feeling well.
(lit. I have a bad feeling)
Asukkaalla on dementia. The resident has dementia.
Chrisillä on silmä.tulehdus. Chris has an eye infection.
Here are three adjectives that you can pair with the possessive clause to indicate that
something is broken (murtunut), sprained (nyrjähtänyt), or strained (venähtänyt). The
structure is Yperson:llA on Zbody part Xstatus.
Here, the word murtunut only refers to a broken bone or other object that has been bent to
the point of breaking. For expressing that a device is broken or does not function, see page
289.
murtunut (broken, fractured)
Mulla on ranne murtunut. My wrist is broken.
(lit. I have a wrist [that’s] broken.)
Asukkaalla on varvas murtunut. The resident has a fractured toe.
Onks Chrisillä keski.sormi murtunut? Is Chris’ middle finger fractured?
nyrjähtänyt (sprained)
Mulla on nilkka on nyrjähtänyt. My ankle is sprained.
venähtänyt (strained)
Chrisillä on selkä venähtänyt. Chris' back is strained.
The possessive clause also works for expressing your body temperature if you have a fever
(kuume, often with the partitive ending -ttA).
kuume + tta
Mulla on kuumetta. I have a fever. (lit. I have some fever.)
Miten paljon kuumetta asukkaalla on? How high is the resident’s fever?
lit. How much fever does the resident
have?
Chrisillä on 38,4 astetta kuumetta. Chris is with a 38.4 degrees fever.
You may express the same idea with the word lämpö + ä (heat; elevated body temperature).
lämpö + A
Mulla oli vähän lämpöä aamulla. My body temperature was slightly
elevated in the morning.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 165
Body parts
Words a nurse should probably know.
There are three interchangeable words for a body in Finnish: ruumis, vartalo, and keho.
Ruumis can also mean a corpse. Its stem is ruumii-. Most of these appeared in Kyl mä hoidan
in chapter 11.
ruumiin.osat (body parts)
vartalo a body
Hänellä on lihaksikas vartalo. She has a muscular body.
ylä.vartalo /
ylä.ruumis (ruumii-, ruumista) an upper body
Koko ylä.vartalo on palanut auringossa. The whole upper body is burnt in the sun.
ala.vartalo /
ala.ruumis (ruumii-, ruumista) a lower body
Pelaajalla on vamma ala.vartalossa. The player has an injury in [her] lower body
iho skin
Mariella on kaunis ruskea iho. Marie has beautiful brown skin.
pää a head
Mulla on pää kipeä. My head hurts.
hius (hiukse-, hiusta); hiukset a strand of hair (on human head only); hair
Jonnalla on punaiset hiukset. Jonna has red hair.
otsa a forehead
Sulla on haava otsassa. You have a wound in [your] forehead.
nenä a nose
Jannalla on lävistys nenässä. Janna has a piercing in [her] nose.
suu a mouth
Mitä sulla on suussa? What do you have in [your] mouth?
vatsa a stomach
Kenellä on vatsa kipeä? Whose stomach hurts?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 167
reisi (reiteen, reide-, reittä); reidet a thigh; thighs
Crossfittaajalla on isot reidet. The cross fitter has big thighs.
pää.kallo a skull
Potilaan pää.kallossa on murtuma. The patient has a fracture in [her] skull.
rinta.lasta a sternum
Mulla on rinta.lasta kipeä. My sternum hurts.
Pain-related expressions are brought up on several occasions during your time at NLRC.
Here is a simple structure to start with. Use it to express that someone is in pain or that
their body part hurts.
You can use the adjective kipeä (sore, aching, painful) with the possessive clause to indicate
that body part is hurting. This is similar to what is discussed on page 165 but with a body
part included. The structure is Yperson:llA on Xbody part kipeä, e.g. Mulla on pää kipeä (my head
hurts, literally I have a head [that’s] sore). The colloquial variant on kipeä is kipee.
examples
Mulla on kurkku kipeä. I have a sore throat.
Asukkaalla on jalka kipeä. The resident’s leg hurts.
Onks Petrillä pää kipee? Does Petri’s head hurt?
~ Does Petri have a headache?
To express pain with a verb, a handy candidate is the verb särkeä (to
ext
hurt, to ache). This, however, needs two endings that we have not cov-
ered in class: the partitive (page 211) and the -n (page 28). They
ra
are both also discussed in Kyl mä hoidan. The structure would be Yperson:n Xbody
part
:A särkee (Y’s X hurts).
examples
Mun rannetta särkee. My wrist hurts.
Asukkaan hammasta särkee. The resident’s tooth aches.
Särkeekö Petrin selkää? Does Petri’s back hurt?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 169
The command form
This is used for direct commands and requests.
Finnish verbs can appear in the command form (technically the command
mood – if grammar is your thing). It is called imperatiivi in Finnish. Using a
verb in the command form implies that the speaker wants the other person
to do something, like eat! in English or kain ka! in Tagalog. Finnish has sepa-
rate forms for commands aimed at a single person and two or more people.
We will focus on commands in unit 10 in Anna mä hoidan 1. Until that, it is
enough that you passively recognize commands.
The singular second-person commands (i.e. aimed at sä) are the mä verb
form (puhun, meen, autan, etc.) without the final -n. It is the same form you
use with the negative verb ei (page 125).
positive sä commands (in green in the middle column)
puhua : puhu-n puhu parille. Talk to your partner.
nosta : nosta-n nosta jalkaa. Raise [your] leg.
kääntää : käännä-n käännä päätä. Turn [your] head.
kuunnella : kuuntele-nkuuntele. Listen.
negative te commands
Älkää huutako. Don’t yell.
Älkää olko myöhässä. Don’t be late.
Älkää mumisko. Don’t mumble.
Another Finnish verb that covers only some meanings of both play and
maglaro (etc.) is pelata. It is used when playing boardgames, video games,
cards, or some sports.
pelata
Tytöt pelaa jalka.palloa. The girls are playing soccer.
Pelaat(ko) sä tennistä. Do you play tennis?
Me pelataan Switchillä. We’re playing/gaming on [Nintendo]
Switch.
Mä en ikinä pelaa korttia. I never play cards.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 171
Verb + verb sequences
Several verbs in a single clause.
A Finnish clause may only contain one verb that has a personal ending (like
-n for mä and -t for sä). In linguistics, such a verb is called a finite verb. Finn-
ish clauses may, however, contain several verbs in other forms after the finite
verb. These verbs appear in the basic form or in some other forms, depend-
ing on what kind of complements and attributes the finite verb requires or
allows. Here are some examples of clauses with more than one verb.
verb chains, finite verb in green
Mä haluun syödä. I want to eat.
Mä osaan puhua vähän suomea... I can speak some Finnish...
Unless a speaker changes the word order to change emphasis, the first verb
of the clause is usually the finite verb (so it has a personal ending). That fi-
nite verb then dictates the form of the next verb – if there is one. For exam-
ple, the verb haluta (to want) accepts another verb in the basic form while
some verbs, like olla (to be), accept another verb in the so-called mA infini-
tive form (which will be discussed in unit 12 in Anna mä hoidan 1).
various forms of non-finite verbs in green
Se haluaa nukkua. She wants to sleep.
(basic form ~ basic form)
Se on nukkumassa. She is sleeping.
(mA infinitive + -ssA)
The first example above (se haluaa nukkua) is probably the most intuitive for
you. Next five pages list several other verbs that require a possible second
verb in the basic form ~ the basic form.
voida (voi-) means that you can do something because you want
to or have no external reasons stopping you. This is common in re- can
quests and offers like can I help? (voinks mä auttaa?) or we can do it
(me voidaan tehdä se). The meaning of voida overlaps with ma- and
maki- verb forms, and puwede and kaya of Tagalog. Voida is different from
osata (next page), which only means that you have the skills to do something.
in context
Voitko sä antaa maitoa? Could you give [me] some milk?
Mä en voi tulla tänään. I can’t come today.
Voidaanko me mennä ulos syömään? Can we go out to eat?
Mä en voi tehdä mitään. I can’t do anything.
~ There's nothing I can do.
You can also use the voida to describe one’s feelings and condition (page
164). When used like this, it is not followed by another verb.
in context
Miten sä voit? How are you [feeling]?
Mä en voi hyvin tänään. I’m not feeling well today.
The next word is not always a verb. Noun or pronoun with a -A/-tA ending
is a common complement.
in context
Mä en osaa ranskaa. I don’t know [how to speak] French.
Mä en osaa tennistä. I don’t know how to play tennis.
contexts.
in context
Me saadaan ottaa isän auto illalla. We can take father’s car tonight.
Saanko mä syödä tämän? May I eat this?
Me saadaan puhua vain suomea ja englantia.
We are only allowed to speak Finnish and English.
Saada has other meanings and uses as well. It can mean that you receive
something.
in context
Mä saan mun palkan huomenna. I’ll get my salary tomorrow.
Me saatiin sähköpostia. We got ~ received email.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 173
haluta (halua- ~ haluu-) indicates that you want to do something w
just like to want in English. In colloquial Finnish, people often use an
t
the stem haluu- instead of halua- as the former is one syllable short-
er and easier to produce.
in context
Minä haluan tietää lisää. I want to know more. (formal)
Mä haluun tietää lisää. I want to know more. (colloquial)
Haluatteko te käydä saunassa? Do you want to go to sauna?
Haluutteks te käydä saunassa? Do you want to go to sauna?
Note that aikoa alone does not mean that you physically go somewhere, al-
though learners sometimes think so because it can be translated using the
colloquial future of English that has going in it.
no physical movement with aikoa
Mä teen sen. I will do it. ~ I'm going to do it.
Mä aion tehdä sen. I will do it. ~ I'm going to do it.
~ I'm planning to do it.
Do not use yrittää to say that you want to try out something, like food or a
new activity. The verb for that is kokeilla (to try out). For trying on clothes,
the verb is sovittaa, similar to isukat in Tagalog.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 175
kokeilla in context
Mä kokeilen hiihtoa. I’ll try skiing.
Mä yritän katsoa hiihtoa. I’m trying to watch skiing.
tykätä (tykkää-) means to like (page 122). When you say that you
like to do something, just put another verb in the basic form after like
tykätä (and no -stA). In this context, you cannot use the verb pitää
because pitää cannot be followed by a verb.
in context
Mä en tykkää mennä töihin. I don’t like going to work.
Me tykätään tehdä ruokaa. We like to cook (lit. to make food).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 177
1 Lue dialogi ääneen. Muuta sen jälkeen dialogia.
Read the dialog out loud. Then read it again but apply some of the changes below.
Try to apply the changes on the fly.
Ä
Moi. Ö
TeRve. Haluut sä
Syödä? Mulla on Vapaa.päivä is
vapAa.päivä. a day off.
Sori. Mä oon
terveys-
keskuKSesSa.
AijaA?
This means in the ER.
Pronounced JOo,
/ˈpäi·vys·ˌtyk·ses·sä/. päivysTyksesSÄ.
Okei.
onks jonO
PITKä?
JOo. Mun numero
on 29 ja nyt oN
numero 11. Oho. No This means
Well, some
joku toinen other day then.
päivä siTte.
joO.
. piste
Millainen sinun terveyden.tila on? @ at (/ät/)
- viiva
hyvä keskin.kertainen huono _ ala.viiva
Pituus Paino
________ cm _______ kg
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 179
3 Lue keskusteluja lomakkeesta.
Read the sample conversations about the form in task 2 and figure out which sec-
tions of the form they are about.
1.
2. Poltat sÄ
Mites sun tupaKkAa?
lÄäkityS?
mÄ syÖn En. Tai no…
LisInopril OrionIi, ku joskus.
Lisinopril Orion mUlLa on korkeE
is a medicine. verEnpaIne.
3.
4. Oot sä
Miten pitkä tervE?
sä oOt?
JoTaIn 150 No… AiKa
sentTiI. TERVe.
5.
6.
Onks kaiKkI OnKs SulLA
oK? aLlergIaA?
Mä luULen, Et
kohtA on jOo. mÄ oOn
miGreEni… AlLERGINen
kalAlLe.
7.
8.
MisSä sÄ jA mIkÄ suA
oOt töiSsä? vaiVaA?
Mun vaseN
mÄ oOn hoiva- käsi on tosi
AvustAjA. kipEä.
last name?). Fill in the form according to their answers. Chain alternatives with tai
a blank form by asking relevant questions (e.g. Mikä sun sukunimi on? What's your
with your partner. One of you is a nurse who is helping the other person to fill in
Tupakoitko? kyllä ei Oletko raskaana? kyllä ei Tupakoitko? kyllä ei Oletko raskaana? kyllä ei
Harrastatko liikuntaa? kyllä ei Onko sinulla allergia? kyllä ei Harrastatko liikuntaa? kyllä ei Onko sinulla allergia? kyllä ei
Unit 4
Käytätkö säännöllisesti jotain lääkettä? Mitä? Käytätkö säännöllisesti jotain lääkettä? Mitä?
Täytä esi.tieto.lomake ja esitä potilasta.
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Onko sinulla... Onko sinulla...
sydän.sairaus
diabetes
murtunut luu
sydän.sairaus
diabetes
murtunut luu
korkea veren.paine
astma
hepatiitti B
korkea veren.paine
astma
hepatiitti B
reuma
epilepsia
hepatiitti C
reuma
epilepsia
hepatiitti C
laantunutta ruokaa.
vuotta sitten.
vain venähtänyt.
revennyt.
kipeä. ____________________________
___________________
2-tyypin
diabetes masennus aika.ero.rasitus laktoosi-intoleranssi angiina
2. Nainen syö pizzaa, jossa on paljon juustoa. Tunnin kuluttua hän kärsii ilma.
vaivoista.
____________________________________________________________
3. Miehen päätä särkee. Hänen suu on kuiva. Virtsa on keltaista. Hän on väsynyt.
____________________________________________________________
6. 60-vuotias mies valittaa, että hengittäminen on vaikeaa, kun hän liikkuu. Hän
yskii paljon.
____________________________________________________________
7. Nuori mies nukkuu yleensä koko päivän. Hän ei jaksa mennä kouluun, harras-
taa liikuntaa tai tavata ystäviään.
____________________________________________________________
9. Yrittäjä matkustaa Saksasta Kiinaan. Hän ei saa unta (They can't get any
sleep). Hän yrittää harrastaa liikuntaa ulkona, mutta se ei auta.
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 183
8 Valitse oikea sana ja kirjoita se aukkoon.
Choose the right expression and write it in the gap.
___________________.
___________________.
1.
Mikä sulla
on?
ei ongelmaa / älä tee mitään
polVi on
lepää (from levätä, to rest)
vÄhän kipeä.
soita/mene päivystykseen
soita 112
Okei.
2.
3.
mIteN sä
voit? MulLa on
vieLÄ
kuUmeTta.
ei ongelmaa / älä tee mitään
lepää
viElÄ?
soita/mene päivystykseen
soita 112
joO. 39
asteTta kolmE
pÄIvää.
4.
Onks meilLÄ
laAstari?
ei ongelmaa / älä tee mitään
lepää
No?
soita/mene päivystykseen
mUlLA
soita 112
pAPeri.hAava
sormesSa.
5.
Oot sä
ok?
ei ongelmaa / älä tee mitään
En... pÄä on
lepää
tosi kipeE
soita/mene päivystykseen
yhtÄkKiä.
soita 112
Oho.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 185
11
Sano suomeksi käyttämällä Xperson:llA on Ybody part kipeä.
Express a similar idea in Finnish by using the Xperson:llA on Ybody part kipeä structure.
0. My knee hurts.
__Mulla on polvi kipeä.
__________________________________________________________
1. Her elbow is painful.
____________________________________________________________
2. Does your tooth ache?
____________________________________________________________
3. I have a sore throat.
____________________________________________________________
4. Does your lower back hurt today?
____________________________________________________________
5. My wrist feels painful.
____________________________________________________________
6. Jonna’sname ear hurts.
____________________________________________________________
7. Her knee doesn’t hurt anymore ([ei] enää).
____________________________________________________________
8. My head hurts.
____________________________________________________________
12
Mitä nämä tarkoittavat englanniksi?
What are the following in English?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 187
15 Kysy suomeksi.
Ask in Finnish.
4.
5.
1.
6.
2.
7.
3.
8.
18 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions (with a body part where applicable).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 189
19
Mieti, mikä ruumiin.osa ja mikä ko-
mento.
The list below has different things a nurse
key
kallistaa
kääntää
to tilt, to slope
to turn; to translate
or a doctor might ask a patient to do during
a checkup. Figure out what body part they nostaa to raise, to lift
refer to and what action they are about. The taivuttaa to bend; to inflect,
body parts may have the partitive ending to conjugate
-V, -A, or -tA ending (page 211) attached
to them.
20
Ohjaa paria.
Instruct your partner to do the things on the list in task 19. Pick the items ran-
domly so they have to pay attention to what you are saying. Then switch roles.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 191
22 Lue dialogi ääneen. Muuta sen jälkeen dialogia.
Read the dialog out loud. Then read it again but apply some of the changes below.
Try to apply the changes on the fly.
Ä
Taipalsaari is
an archipelago TaiPAlsaAren
municipality in terveyS.aseMA, Ö
southeastern aJAn.vaRAuS.
Finland.
Terve. Mä
tarvIsin ajan
läÄkäriLle.
Okei. Sanotko, mikä
sun henkilö.tuNnus henkilö.tunnus is a
on? Finnish social se-
curity ID assigned
180493-674K. to each citizen and
a residence permit
holder.
Ja nimI?
It consists of the
Torres, person’s date of
birth (DDMMYY),
Olivia. the birth century
Okei. Ja sign, three indi-
mikä sulLa vidual numbers,
on? and a control char-
acter. The century
MULla on sign is a dash for
polvi kipeä. people born in the
1900s and A for
people born in the
Okei. SoPIiks 2000s.
tiIstaina kELlo
13:00 sulLE?
JoO. Se
käy.
Okei.
1. Ö is... 3. Ö’s...
a) Nana Räisänen a) back hurts
b) Tiffany Caparas b) left wrist feels painful
c) Mikael Lehtonen c) stomach pain
d) Daryl Panaligan d) ear hurts
1. Osaatko sä _________________?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 193
26
Voida vai osata? Kirjoita lihavoitu osa suomeksi.
Voida or osata? Choose the verb that makes the most sense and write the part in
bold in Finnish.
27
Kirjoita lihavoitu osa suomeksi.
Write the part in bold in Finnish.
0. a -kO question
__Haluatko sä hiihtää Suomessa?
__________________________________________________________
1. a -kO question
____________________________________________________________
2. a -kO question
____________________________________________________________
3. a -kO question
____________________________________________________________
0. Mitä + [finite verb] + tehdä
__Mitä sä haluat tehdä Suomessa?
__________________________________________________________
1. Mitä + [finite verb] + tehdä
____________________________________________________________
2. Mitä + [finite verb] + tehdä
____________________________________________________________
3. Mitä + [finite verb] + tehdä
____________________________________________________________
29 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 195
30
Saada vai voida? Kirjoita lihavoitu osa suomeksi.
Saada or voida? Write the part in bold in Finnish.
1. Our boss said we are not allowed to text (tekstata) when we are at work.
____________________________________________________________
2. Can you text him that we will be there later?
____________________________________________________________
3. I think we are not allowed to be here (täällä).
____________________________________________________________
4. I can’t speak because (koska) I have a sore throat.
____________________________________________________________
31
Kirjoita kaksi kysymystä huomiseksi.
Write two questions for tomorrow. Pick from verbs saada, muistaa, unohtaa, and
uskaltaa.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
32
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. I'll try!
____________________________________________________________
2. Dare you to jump?
____________________________________________________________
3. She often (usein) forgets to eat.
____________________________________________________________
4. I’ll try to remember to call.
____________________________________________________________
5. She forgets to take meds sometimes (joskus).
____________________________________________________________
6. I have the guts to say no.
____________________________________________________________
7. Do you want to sleep?
____________________________________________________________
8. Hannuname won’t remember to call.
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 197
35
Valitse oikea verbi ja täytä aukko.
Choose the correct verb and fill in the gap.
ruuhkaa.
36
Valitse oikea verbi ja täytä aukko.
Choose the correct verb and fill in the gap.
37
Sano puhe.kielellä.
Express in colloquial Finnish.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 199
39
Anna yksinkertainen ehdotus skenaariossa.
Give a simple suggestion talk would work in the given the scenario. Do not try
anything fancy.
0. You will meet a friend on Saturday and now you want to ask if 3pm is okay.
Sopiiks kolmelta? / Käyks kolmelta?
____________________________________________________________
1. You will have a dinner with some of your coworkers. You agreed on the time
but not on the place. You want to go to a restaurant called Fafa’s.
____________________________________________________________
2. You will have a date later today and you want to ask if it is convenient for
them if you meet at the park.
____________________________________________________________
3. You are on your way to your friend’s place when she texts you to bring some
beer. You are not sure what beer so you suggest a brand called Karhu.
____________________________________________________________
4. You want to get to know your neighbor who texts you “Tänään saunaan?”
This means that they want to meet in the public sauna of your apartment
building. Around 7:30 pm would be okay.
____________________________________________________________
40
Soittaa, pelata vai leikkiä? Sano suomeksi.
Soittaa, pelata, or leikkiä? Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. ____________________________________________________________
Janiname
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
6. ____________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
1. What is Jenna's year of birth? You get this from the fifth and the sixth digit of
her social security number. Jenna is the name of the person calling.
____________________________________________________________
2. What is Jenna's medical problem?
____________________________________________________________
3. What time is Jenna's appointment with the doctor?
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 201
45
Kirjoita samat asiat harrastuksista suomeksi.
Express the same ideas about hobbies in Finnish. You may use any of the sample
structures below but use them all eventually and do not stick to one every time.
Mitä sÄ
harRAstAT?
Mun
HARrasTus on – My hobby is fishing.
kAlaStus.
mÄ
harRAStaN – lit. “I hobby fishing.”
kAlaSTustA.
Mä
kAlastAn. – I fish. / I go fishing.
47 Vastaa kysymyksiin.
Answer the questions. Doing something with Xinstrument is expressed with X:llA (see
page 85).
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 203
5. Do you drive a car?
____________________________________________________________
6. Are they in Baguio?
____________________________________________________________
7. Is it in the Philippines?
____________________________________________________________
8. Do they go to church?
____________________________________________________________
9. Does Miraname speak English?
____________________________________________________________
10. Do youplural travel a lot?
____________________________________________________________
11. Will she swim? ~ Is she going to swim?
____________________________________________________________
12. Do yousingular ride (ajaa) a bicycle?
____________________________________________________________
13. Are we going to buy it? (formal & colloquial)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
14. Is the doctor coming tomorrow?
____________________________________________________________
49
Tee kO-kysymyksiä possessiivi.rakenteessa.
Make -kO questions with the possessive clause.
9. I will go to Manila.
____________________________________________________________
10. Do you go to the bathroom?
____________________________________________________________
11. Janikaname will come to Lapland (Lappi, the northernmost province of Finland).
____________________________________________________________
12. We will go to Thailand (Thai.maa : Thaimaahan).
____________________________________________________________
13. Will you come to Pasay ( : Pasayhin)?
____________________________________________________________
14. They will go to Cooyeesan.
____________________________________________________________
15. Where is she going?
____________________________________________________________
16. Is she going to Finland?
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 4 205
206 Unit 5 Mikko Taurama & Olli Ruha
unit 5
Food items
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 207
Food items
Here are some food items in their basic form. Food is ruoka in Finnish.
hedelmät
marjat
liha
sika
nauta
lammas : lampaa-
kana kanan.muna
kala
juomat
puna.viini
valko.viini
rosee.viini
kuohu.viini
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 209
Meals
And how to ask about them.
Time frames for eating meals vary from person to person and from family to family. Break-
fast is usually eaten around 6–9 am and lunch at 11am–1pm. Dinner usually takes place a
bit earlier than in the Philippines, around 5–7pm. Some people have päivä.kahvi(t) (lit. noon
coffee) between lunch and dinner. Baked sweet goods (sweet bread, pastries, cookies, etc.)
might be served along with the coffee.
meals
aamu.pala breakfast
aamiainen breakfast
lounas : lounaa- lunch
päivällinen dinner
illallinen dinner ~ supper (full meal)
ruoka-aika mealtime
There are many ways to ask about food served during mealtime. Pick you favorite and use
that.
asking about food
Mitä (ruokaa) meillä on Xmealtime:llA? What (food) do we have for X?
e.g. Mitä meillä on lounaalla? What are we having for lunch?
Mitä (ruokaa) meillä on X:ksi? What (food) do we have for X?
e.g. Mitä meillä on lounaaks? What are we having for lunch?
Mitä Xmealtime:A meil on? What do we have for X?
e.g. Mitä aamupalaa meillä on? What do we have for breakfast?
lit. What breakfast do we have?
Finnish has an ending called the partitive, which has no direct equivalent in
English or Tagalog. It often indicates partiality and incompleteness:
the word leipä without and with the partitive ending
leipä a bread, one loaf of bread
leipää some bread, unspecified amount of
bread, non-existing bread
The partitive can be attached to nouns, adjectives, numbers, personal pro-
nouns, and the like. It is not attached to verbs. The partitive has three pos-
sible variants that all mean the same thing but are used with different words
and stems. Uses of the partitive are discussed on page 213.
If the word ends in a single vowel (except for -e; see below), the
formal written partitive ending is an -A after the word.
A~V
the formal A variant
ilocano + A ilocanoa the Ilocano language, some Ilocano
mango + A mangoa some mango, mango in general
juusto + A juustoa some cheese, cheese in general
In colloquial Finnish, first-language speakers often just double the last vow-
el. The -A ~ -V is the most common partitive form.
the colloquial A variant
suomi : suome- + V suomee the Finnish language, some Finnish
papaya + V papayaa some papaya, papaya in general
juusto + V juustoo some cheese, cheese in general
The third variant, -ttA, is needed if the basic form ends in a single -e. There is
no separate colloquial version.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 211
the -ttA partitive
huone + ttA huonetta a room tTA
vene + ttA venettä a boat
lääke + ttA lääkettä medicine, medication
Here are some additional notes on forming the partitive in written contexts.
When you speak, almost anything goes.
The partitive of non-Finnish names that end in a consonant is almost al-
ways -A or -V preceded by an extra i, so ignore what was said about -tA and
-ttA when dealing with names of non-Finnish locations. However, if the
non-Finnish name, when pronounced, ends in a “long” vowel sound or a
diphthong (-aw, -ay, etc.), -tA is commonly used.
the partitive with non-finnish names
New York New Yorkia ~ New Yorkii
Benguet Benguetia ~ Benguetii
Baguio Baguioa ~ Baguioo ~ Baguiota
Mt. Province Mt. Provincea ~ Mt. Provincee
Shanghai Shanghaita
Jennilou Jennilouta
For some words, the partitive is technically not attached to the basic form but
to the so-called consonant stem (if the word has one). Therefore, some word
types behave differently than when adding other endings.
-si words
uusi : uut- uutta new (other endings: uusi : uudessa)
käsi : kät- kättä a hand
-nen words
punainen : punais- punaista red (but punainen : punaisella)
filippiiniläis- filippiiniläistä a Filipina / a Filipino
-i : -e words
Suomi Suomea Finland
words pieni, suuri, veri, meri, and saari (remove -i, add -tA)
pientä, suurta, verta, merta, saarta
Forming the partitive is relatively intuitive, but knowing when to use it can
be tricky. The partitive does many things, and only some of them indicate
partiality or incompleteness. The main function of the partitive ending is to
mark the grammatical object in a sentence. Some verbs, like rakastaa (to love),
always need their complement with the partitive, e.g. Mä rakastan suomee (I
love [the] Finnish [language]). Below are some common contexts where the
partitive is needed.
You need the partitive in a noun after any number, except for number one
(e.g. 0, 2, 3, 4, etc.). English would use the plural s. See exercise 24.
the partitive follows numbers (except for number 1)
3 banaanii ~ banaania three bananas
but: 1 banaani one banana
20 pesoo ~ pesoa 20 pesos
0 euroo ~ euroa zero euros
You also need to use the partitive in the possessive clause (mulla on X) if you
have an uncountable noun, like liquids (e.g. maito, milk; vesi, water; etc.) or
abstract concepts (e.g. aika, time), especially when you have an unspecified
amount. See exercise 25.
possessive clauses with uncountable nouns
Mulla on vettä. I have [some] water.
Mulla on aikaa. I have [some] time.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 213
Mulla on teetä. I have tea. (unspecified amount)
but: Mulla on tee. I have the cup of tea. (a specific cup)
You always need the partitive in a negative possessive clause (e.g. I do not
have X, mulla ei oo X:A), regardless of countability of the noun. See exercise
26.
negative possessive clause needs the partitive
Mulla on ongelma. I have a problem.
Mulla ei oo ongelmaa. I don't have a problem.
You can use the partitive in do you have...? questions if you expect a negative
reply or want to make it easy for the interlocutor to give a negative reply.
This can make a request more polite, but the difference is very subtle.
a nice way to imply that you need something
Onks sulla kynä? Do you have a pen?
Onks sulla kynää? Do you happen to have a pen?
[may I borrow it?]
You need the adjective with the partitive ending when you describe an un-
countable noun with an Xsubject is Yadjective clause. For this purpose, languages are
regarded as uncountable nouns. See exercise 27.
X is Y clauses with uncountable nouns
Viini on vanhaa. The wine is old.
(never viiniä on vanhaa)
Pizza oli tosi hyvää. The pizza was really good.
Halo-halo on kylmää. Halo-halo is cold.
Gini ei oo kallista. Gin is not expensive.
Suomi [the language] on kivaa! Finnish is fun/nice!
Verbs marked with * can also require a grammatical object marker -n in cer-
tain contexts but the partitive is more common.
Quantifier words monta (many), paljon (a lot), and vähän (a little) need
their complement with a partitive ending.
The partitive is also needed if the quantifier is a unit (e.g. a kilo) or a con-
tainer (e.g. a bottle) and the following word describes its content, like a bottle
of beer or 50 grams of sugar. Uncountable content has the partitive in Finnish.
The unit or a container might also need the partitive if it is preceded by a
number.
amounts, units, and contents
paljon viiniä lots of wine
vähän rahaa a small amount of money
pullo olutta a bottle of beer
2 pulloa olutta two bottles of beer
200 milligrammaa ibuprofeenia 200 milligrams of ibuprofen
The partitive is also used to turn a noun phrase into wishes and congratula-
tions.
sweet dreams!
hyvä yö : hyvää yötä! Goodnight!
Kivaa syntymä.päivää ~ synttärii! Happy birthday!
Hyvää viikonloppua! Have a good weekend!
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 215
for m is
ral so its par titi ve plu ral
The wo rd Fili ppi init is plu
Mikä? Mitä?
Finnish has two words for what questions.
The question word mikä (what) can have an ending. You have already seen that in questions
like missä (mikä + -ssA, where, lit. in what) and mistä (from where, lit. from what). The ques-
tion word mitä is simply the partitive form of mikä.
Whenever you need to ask about a countable noun, use mikä. If the noun is uncountable
or the question has a partitive verb in it, use mitä.
mikä and mitä in context
mikä toi on? What is that? [e.g. a countable item]
mikä sun nimi on? What is your name?
The question word millainen (what kind of ~ anong klase) also uses two varieties, the basic
form and the partitive form. Both mean what kind of or what like and are used to ask about
the quality or nature of a thing, an item, a movie, food, etc. In colloquial speech, shorter
forms can be used, resulting in millane(n) and millasta.
Millainen is used to ask about countable things and millaista with uncountable or unspecif-
ic substances.
millainen and millaista in context
Millanen se uusi Star Wars oli? How was the new Star Wars [movie]?
lit. What was the new Star Wars like?
[movies are countable]
Millainen sun perhe on? What is your family like?
Millanen sä oot, kun sä oot väsynyt? What are you like when you're tired?
Finnish has two adjectives for the English word healthy: terve and terveellinen. The terve is
used for a person who is not sick, similar to malusog in Tagalog. Its opposites are sairas
(sick) and kipeä (sick, sore; colloq. kipee).
If you want to say that food, a habit, or an activity is healthy (similar to masustansya), you
need to use the adjective terveellinen, often with the partitive ending. Its opposite is epä.ter-
veellinen (unhealthy). Using terveellinen or epä.terveellinen about a person would sound odd.
terve and terveellinen and their opposites
Mä oon terve. I’m healthy.
Mä en oo kipee ~ sairas. I’m not sick.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 217
Impersonal Plural
Same as the mennään structure that replaces formal we in verbs.
3. The mennään can also indicate that a group of unspecified humans (thus
the term impersonal) do or did something.
an impersonal plural sentence
Suomessa mennään saunaan lauantaina.
In Finland, people go to sauna on Saturday.
The Finnish impersonal form always means that unspecified human actors
do something. This is different from the English passive, which can mean
that something happened on its own without a human being involved (e.g. a
boat was loosened). The Finnish impersonal plural best translates into English
as people do/go/eat/etc.
example translations
Suomessa puhutaan suomea, ruotsia, venäjää, somalia, tagalogia...
In Finland, people speak Finnish, Swedish, Russian, Somalian, Tagalog...
Mitä Filippiineillä syödään jouluna?
What do people eat in the Philippines on Christmas?
Filippiineillä syödään...
In the Philippines, people eat...
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 219
ex
tr
Marked grammatical a
objects
Sometimes, an -n is needed if the clause has a subject and an object.
Finnish has a relatively unrestricted word order. This means that you could
switch things around and say pizzan se söi or söi se pizzan or just se söi pizzan
and the core meaning of the statement would still be he/she ate a pizza. This
is not the case in English where the word order dictates the grammatical role
of a word or a phrase (e.g. Anni ate the pizza vs. the pizza ate Anni).
To make it clear who is eating whom, grammatical objects are often marked
with an ending (-n or the partitive) in Finnish to keep them separate from
grammatical subjects in the same clause.
If you have a clause where the verb requires an object and the object is a
single item that is something countable, then you often need to mark the ob-
ject with an -n ending. The object -n looks the same as the -n that indicates
ownership (page 28). Here are some verbs that need their grammatical ob-
ject marked if there is also a grammatical subject in the same clause.
sample verbs that have a grammatical object (in green) as a complement
Mä annan avaimen Elille. I’ll give the key to Eli. [countable]
Mä annan sulle rahaa. I’ll give you [some] money.
Mä tarvin harjan. I need the brush. [countable]
Tarvit sä harjaa? Do you need a brush? [polite
partitive but a countable item]
Mä haluun kissan. I want a cat. [countable]
Haluut sä kahvii? Do you want [some] coffee?
Mä vien tän varastoon. I’ll take this to the storage.
Mä vien teetä Marjatalle. I’ll take [some] tea to Marjatta.
An X is Y clause (i.e. tää on kivaa, this is fun) in Finnish never has a gram-
matical object, so the above does not apply if the verb is olla. The object is
also never marked with -n in commands.
1. 2.
Mistä Mistä
ruoasta sä et ravintolasta sä
tykkää? tykkäät
Baguiossa?
3. 4.
Mistä sä ostat Oot sä hyvä
ruokaa? kokki?
1. ...aamulla?
____________________________________________________________
2. ...lounaalla?
____________________________________________________________
3. ...tauolla review centerissä?
____________________________________________________________
4. ...syntymä.päivänä? (on their birthday)
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 221
4 Mikä sanoista ei kuulu joukkoon ja miksi?
Which of the word in a row does not belong to the group? Then explain your
rationale using the sample dialog below.
Mä luULen, et
vesi ei kUulu
joukkoOn.
Miks?
Vesi ei oo
alkoholi.juoma.
JOo.
juoma hedelmä
vihannes muut
maito.tuote
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 223
6 Valitse ruoka ja tee kauppalista.
You are back in the Philippines on your first vacation. Make a list of ingredients
you need for your favorite dish. The list is needed for exercise 7.
7 Puhu suosikkiruoasta.
Talk about your favorite dish (and your
list in exercise 6) with your partner.
9:37
< muistiinpanot
Moi! –
–
Terve! –
–
Mä aion tehä –
pizZaA. –
–
AijAa? Mitä sä –
tarvit (kaupasta)?
Mä tarvin
juUstoO,
pinaAtTII,
tomAaTtIi…
Ä
Moi!
Ö Tota is a sign of hesita-
tion, just like ööö... or
Moi! totaAa… Yks aaa... (like ummm... in
English). It’s technically a
kerRos.ateria. colloquial version of tuota
(i.e. tuo + the partitive)
but you wouldn’t ever
Colloquial for Coca-Co- use a sign of hesitation in
la. Sprite is often pro- Mikä juoma?
formal writing anyway.
nounced as spraitti and
Fanta with the Finnish a
sound and two ts, fantta. Kokis.
Laitanko Laittaa is to put and is in-
terchangeable with pistää
jäitä? and panna. Jäitä is parti-
This is a common expres-
tive plural of jää (ice).
sion for asking anything
else? in a food service
Joo.
and sales context. Muuta
(muu; else, other + parti- TuleEko
tive) is usually the key- mUuta? The word order is not
word and is used in other fixed. You could say ei
similar common ques- kiitos, kiitos ei, or ei kiitti.
tions like, otatko muuta? KiItti ei.
(lit. do you take something
else?) or vielä muuta? (lit.
still something?) Ja tÄällä This is a fixed expression
vai mukAAn? presented in restaurants
with a take-out option.
It means the same as
Expected replies are mu- MukaAn. dine in or take out? in the
kaan or (syön) täällä. Philippines English and
for here or to go? in the
Okei. Se olis U.S. English. Täällä means
7,80. here (tää + -llA lit. at this)
Olis is the third-person and mukaan means along
conditional form of olla or with. If verbs are used,
and means would be. It is the question is probably
olisi in formal writing. syötkö täällä vai otatko mu-
kaan? (lit. you eat here or
take along)?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 225
NLRCBurger Bliss
Ateriat hampurilainen, ranska-
laiset, 0,4 l juoma Salaatit salaatti,
0,4 l juoma
– Moi.
– ____________________________
– Mitäs sulle? (What can I get you?)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 227
228
11
Parin nimi
Unit 5
What do you eat in the morn-
ing?
Ä
Oot sä
syöny? Ö
Have you eaten?
En oO.
HaluUt sä
syödä?
No jOo.
KelLo on
Where do you kohta vIis.
want to go? Mihin
Literally, where menNÄä?
shall we go?
HaluUt sä
kiInAlaista?
JoO. tässä
lähellä on yks
paikka.
Okei.
X sano(i), et(tä)... means
X said that... It is a
Mun isä sano, eT handy phrase for mark-
niILlä on tosi ing something as sec-
hyväÄ kanAa. ond-hand information.
Okei. MenNää
sinNE.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 229
13
Lue dialogit parin kanssa.
Read the dialogs with your partner.
1. 2.
KauhEe Mä meen
nälkä. Onks kauppaan. Tarvit
sulLa? sä jotain?
No ei...
No... tuo
Mä meen mulLe kaljAa.
MäkKiIN.
Okei. Aha.
colloquial for
McDonald’siin
4.
3. Onks täsSÄ
Tää on valkosipuliI?
tosi hyvää.
JoO.
KiITti.
Mitä täs Mä en tykKÄä
on? VALKOsIpULIsta.
SuolaA ja Ai et?
pipPuriI. Vähän
curRyY. JoO, en.
Okei.
Must se on
Tulinen is literal- toSi hyvÄä.
ly fiery but in this
context means
spicy or hot food.
5.
6.
Oho, aika Onks
tulista. hyvÄä?
Eiks oo
hyvÄä? No... jOo... tai
ehkÄ vähÄn lIsäÄ
No on. suolAa.
Polttaa.
TosSa.
LaIta lisäÄ
chiLIi.
JoO. Tossa (toi + ssA) means
there. You can use tossa or
tässä (here, eto) when you
hand an item to someone.
Unit 5
päivällinen paistettu siika makkara.keitto riisi.puuro maksa.laatikko pinaatti.keitto karjalan.paisti poron.käristys
muna.voi
Look at the nursing home meal plan and answer the resident’s questions (next
231
1. Hei mitäs meillä on maanantaina aamupalalla?
____________________________________________________________
2. Mitä on lounaaksi torstaina?
____________________________________________________________
3. Onks meillä mitä kahvilla perjantaina?
____________________________________________________________
4. Mitä on päivälliseksi tänään? [asked on Friday]
____________________________________________________________
5. Mitäs huomenna on iltapalalla? [asked on Saturday]
____________________________________________________________
6. Mitä aamupalaa meillä on tiistaina?
____________________________________________________________
7. Hei tyttö/poika, muistatko sinä, mitä maanantaina on päivällisellä?
____________________________________________________________
8. Millaista ruokaa on lounaalla keskiviikkona?
____________________________________________________________
9. Onks meillä viiliä iltapalaksi tiistaina?
____________________________________________________________
10. Mitä sunnuntaina on aamupalaks?
____________________________________________________________
15
Mieti, millaista ruoka on.
Look at the same menu as in task 14 and figure out what the following dishes are
(like).
16
Kysy neljä kysymystä hoivakodin ruokalistasta.
Ask four questions about the menu in task 14.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
j au h e l i h a . k a s t i k e
Neljälle
Säilykkeet Kosmetiikka
Leivonta Makeiset
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 233
18
Kysy parilta.
Ask your partner.
1. Oot sä terve?
____________________________________________________________
2. Syöt sä terveellistä ruokaa? Mitä?
____________________________________________________________
3. Mitä epä.terveellistä ruokaa sä syöt liikaa (too much)?
____________________________________________________________
4. Onks sulla terveelliset elämän.tavat (lifestyle)?
____________________________________________________________
19
Kysy parilta, ovatko asiat terveellisiä vai epäterveellisiä.
Ask your partner whether the following are healthy or unhealthy in their opinion.
(koira)?
(venäjä).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 235
21 Kerro inventaariosta.
You did an inventory in a cabinet in the cleaning storage at work. Tell your boss
about the items you found in the partitive.
Hei…
past tense of
– sinINen mikro-
tehdä: I did. JoO? kuiTU.liInA 4
– ämpÄRI 3
Mä tein – veSsa.paPeri-
inventaArion sieLlä rulLA
varastosSa. 6
– lateksi.hanska 28
– teipPI.rULla 2
Okei. Mitä
sieLlä oli? – 10l RoskA-
pusSi 11
No sieLlä – ikKuNan.kuIvain 2
oli… – latTIA.pyYhe 7
Okei.
Joo ja sit
siellä oli
myös…
yhtään, any
monta
paljon
pari
1
5
x1
jäätelö
suklaa
omena x3
your fleet
lapsi
tee x3
appelsiini
firing grid
leipä
monta
paljon
pari
1
jäätelö
Ei oo.
suklaa
omena
/
lapsi
Joo, on.
your deployed fleet
tee
kuusi omenaa?
Onks sulla
appelsiini
leipä
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 237
24
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. 20 pesos ___________________________________
2. 5 days ___________________________________
3. 100 pages ___________________________________
4. 3 waiters ___________________________________
5. 25 years ___________________________________
6. 4 rooms ___________________________________
7. 365 days ___________________________________
8. 1 hour ___________________________________
25
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
26
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
27
Sano suomeksi.
Express in Finnish. a similar idea
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 239
30
Kirjoita sana partitiivissa.
Fill in the gap with the partitive.
10. Hei voit sä pitää _____________________ (tää)? (Hey, can you hold this?)
31
Vastaa kysymyksiin partitiivilla, jos mahdollista.
Answer the questions with the partitive where applicable.
1. Mitä sä harrastat?
____________________________________________________________
2. Mitä sä opiskelet?
____________________________________________________________
3. Millä sä meet ostarille? Syötkö sä ikinä (ever) siellä? Mitä?
____________________________________________________________
4. Juot sä kahvia ilman sokeria?
____________________________________________________________
5. Mitä ilman sä et voi elää? (What can’t you live without?)
____________________________________________________________
6. Ketä sulla on ikävä? (Whom do you miss?)
____________________________________________________________
7. Mitä sä pelkäät?
____________________________________________________________
8. Mitä sä inhoat?
____________________________________________________________
0. teippi.rulla toimistossa
__Hei onks meillä teippirullaa toimistossa?
__________________________________________________________
1. vessa.paperi varastossa
____________________________________________________________
2. toinen kaari.malja jossain (another kidney bowl somewhere)
____________________________________________________________
3. puhdas lattia.pyyhe täällä
____________________________________________________________
4. vapaa (vacant) pyörä.tuoli toisessa kerroksessa (on the second floor)
____________________________________________________________
5. kokous iltapäivällä vielä (still, yet)
____________________________________________________________
– ____________________.
– No... ____________________.
6. Mä en haluu ____________________!
– Se on ____________________.
– No käytä ____________________.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 241
34
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Use the partitive in each sentence.
35
Kirjoita ruumiinosa partitiivissa.
Paraphrase with the verb särkeä (page 169) by writing the body part in the par-
titive form. Särkeä is a partitive verb when used about pain and ache.
– __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
0. San Fernando
__Millainen San Fernando on?
__________________________________________________________
Red Horse
__Millaista Red Horse on?
__________________________________________________________
1. Coca-Cola
____________________________________________________________
2. Helsinki
____________________________________________________________
3. se uusi pizza.paikka kodin lähellä
____________________________________________________________
4. salmiakki
____________________________________________________________
5. sun suomen kurssi
____________________________________________________________
6. vesi.johto.vesi (tap water)
____________________________________________________________
7. se uusi työkaveri
____________________________________________________________
8. tavallinen työ.päivä
____________________________________________________________
9. ruoka lounaalla (at lunch)
____________________________________________________________
10. elämä
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 243
38
Vastaa kysymyksiin kaverin tupareista.
You received the following event invitation. Your friend Antti who is not on Face-
book texts you. Write him a reply in Finnish and ask one question. Then reply to
his reply.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 245
41
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. Let’s sit.
____________________________________________________________
2. Wanna go the store when I come from work?
____________________________________________________________
3. Let’s speak Finnish!
____________________________________________________________
4. Do you like vegan food? Wanna go to Oh My Gulay (a restaurant on Session
Road) today?
____________________________________________________________
5. Can we go to movies (leffa + -Vn) on Friday?
____________________________________________________________
6. Let’s not go store today.
____________________________________________________________
42
Sano impersonaalissa ja kirjoita lause loppuun.
Switch to impersonal plural and drop the subject (like ihmiset; people, humans)
and finish the sentence with a noun or a verb phrase.
44 Merkitse objekti.
Mark the object with the -n ending.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 5 247
45
Merkitse objekti n-sijalla tai partitiivilla.
Mark the object with the -n ending or the partitive depending on its countability.
The countability depends on the speaker’s interpretation, so for some items, both
would work.
46
Kuuntele dialogit ja kirjoita, mitä asiakas tilaa.
Listen to the dialogs and write what the customer orders. Look at the menu on
page 226.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
47
Kuuntele ja kirjoita, mikä ruoka.
Listen to the dialogs and write down which dish or food item is mentioned in
them.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
Sports and
exercising
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 251
Sports and exercising
Urheilu ja liikunta
verbs
pelata X:Asports/video game/board game to play X
pelata X:A team/opponent
vastaan to play against X
voittaa to win
hävitä (X:lleteam/opponent) to lose (against X)
liikkua to exercise / to move
treenata to exercise / to train
käydä (kunto.)salilla to go to gym
käydä lenkillä to go for a run
venytellä to stretch
sports
jää.kiekko ice hockey
jalka.pallo soccer, football
pesä.pallo Finnish baseball (different from baseball in the U.S.)
kori.pallo basketball
sulka.pallo badminton
lento.pallo volleyball
salibandy floorball (indoor floor hockey invented in Sweden)
seinä.kiipeily wall climbing
pyöräily / pyöräileminen cycling, biking
juoksu / juokseminen running, jogging
kävely / käveleminen walking
sauva.kävely Nordic walking (walking activity with ski poles)
hiihto / hiihtäminen (cross-country) skiing
laskettelu / lasketteleminen downhill skiing
tanssi / tanssiminen dancing
ulkoilu going outdoors (usually just means walking)
suunnistus orienteering (racing with a map and a compass)
yleis.urheilu track and field
penkki.urheilu spectator sports
e-urheilu e-sports
people
pelaaja a player
vastustaja an opponent
joukkue a (sports) team
match
peli a game
ottelu / matsi (colloq.) a match
erä a subdivision of a game time in most sports
(a period, a round, etc.)
3.
Lukio is part of the Finnish school
Pelaat sä system, somewhat equal to the last
salibandyy? years of high school + the first year of
college in the U.S. and the Philippines.
En pelAa.
PelaSin joskus 4.
lukioSsa.
JoO, nIi MennäÄks
mäki. ulos?
SataAks
sIeLlä?
SaiPa is one of Ei.
the teams in the
Finnish National
5. Hockey League.
No menNÄän.
Kuka
voiTti?
SaiPa, Pronounced
as kolme kaks 6.
3–2.
(no viiva).
Kato ku mä
oOn lÄski.
7. No etkä
Oo.
PoltatTEko Vois lIikKUu
tupaKkAa? enemmän. Tai syödÄ
JoO. vÄhemMän.
kÄytÄTtekÖ
alkohOliI?
8.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 253
Feeling verbs
A specific group of verbs that indicate how something makes you feel.
Finnish has a group of verbs that are used when something makes the speak-
er feel something. In NLRC materials, they are called feeling verbs (in Finnish
grammar, they are tunne.kausatiivi.verbit, lit. feeling causative verbs). Here are
some examples:
some examples
Mua väsyttää. I’m tired.
Jalkaa sattuu. Leg hurts.
Annia ärsyttää [X]. Anni is annoyed [by X].
Feeling verbs technically indicate how something makes you feel. The thing
that causes the feeling (the grammatical subject) is often omitted. Instead, a
feeling verb clause usually starts with the person or body part that feels the
feeling (the grammatical object). It needs the partitive ending. Also, if there
is no subject, the verb stays in third-person singular (the hän/se form) re-
gardless of what or who the object is.
feeling verb clauses without a subject; object first with a partitive ending
Mua ärsyttää. I’m annoyed.
(lit. I am being annoyed)
Meitä pelottaa. We are scared.
(lit. we are being frightened)
Niitä nukuttaa. They are [feeling] sleepy.
(lit. they are being made sleepy)
Here are some common feeling verbs. They are given in third-person forms,
which is not necessarily always the same as their basic form.
annoyance
mua ärsyttää I’m annoyed
mua kyllästyttää X I’m fed up with X ~ X bores me
e mua suututtaa X X makes me upset / angry
cAn only hav
the body pArt pain
with THE Par- päätä särkee head hurts ~ aches (särkeä is
tiTIvE
common with pää and hammas)
jalkaan sattuu leg hurts
inter-
changeable jalkaan koskee leg hurts, leg aches
sormeen pistää finger smarts ~ stings
mua oksettaa I feel nauseous / like throwing up
mua pyörryttää I feel dizzy ~ I’m about to faint
mua huimaa I feel dizzy ~ vertigo
anxiety
mua pelottaa I’m scared
mua jännittää I’m nervous ~
I have butterflies in the stomach
mua ahdistaa I feel distressed
mua itkettää I’m crying ~ I’m misty-eyed
joy
mua naurattaa X I’m amused ~ X makes me laugh
mua kiinnostaa X I’m interested in X
other
mua janottaa I’m thirsty
mua paleltaa I’m feeling cold
Feeling verb expressions may also have a grammatical subject. If the subject
is present, it often goes before the verb in the basic form and the object will
go after instead. The verb would also have to agree with the subject (e.g. sä
ärsytät mua). The word order depends on whether you want to emphasize
the subject (the cause) or the object (your feeling):
feeling verb clauses with a subject (green) and an object, emphasis underlined
tää paikka ärsyttää mua. This place annoys me.
or Mua ärsyttää tää paikka. This place annoys me.
tää ruoka oksettaa mua. This food makes me throw up.
or Mua oksettaa tää ruoka. This food makes me throw up.
With body parts, you can either use them as the grammatical object with the
partitive ending, or you can put the -Vn ending after them. The body part can
go after or before the verb. If there is no grammatical subject nor object, the
body part with the -Vn ending usually goes before the verb.
it hurts!
Mua sattuu jalkaan. My leg hurts. (lit. I hurt in the leg.)
Sattuu jalkaan. [my] Leg hurts.
or Jalkaan sattuu. [my] Leg hurts.
or Jalkaa sattuu. [my] Leg hurts.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 255
Positive past tense
A verb form that indicates that an action took place in the past.
Finnish verbs can occur in the past tense form (imperfekti in Finnish). You
can use the past tense to describe an action that happened and has ended be-
fore the moment of speaking. A verb is in the past tense if it has the marker
-i (or sometimes -si) before the personal ending. The negative past tense will
be discussed separately in unit 8 (page 340).
positive past tense forms (in the middle column)
mä nukun mä nukuin I slept
mä menen / meen mä menin I went
mä laitan mä laitoin I put
se ostaa se osti he bought
se kysyy se kysy(i) she asked
The positive past tense is one of the most annoying things for an elementa-
ry-level Finnish learner. It just requires rote learning of verb patterns.
There are two ways you can tackle the past tense: You can either go through
several pages of grammar rules (page 258 onwards), or you can memorize a
couple of sample verbs and use those as a mental model for other verbs that
follow the same pattern. We recommend the latter.
Here are some common verbs in the present and the past tense to get
started. They are ordered in terms of meaning, not inflection patterns. For
VA verbs, both the strong and weak grades are given (because third-person
forms are strong).
Except for some one-syllable dA verbs, the past tense marker -i never fol-
lows an ä, a, or e. There is always a sound change if that were to happen.
more present and past tense forms
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 257
Verb types dA and CCA are slightly different: With these types, replace
-CAAn of the present form with -tiin. There is no double t, unlike above.
past tense colloquial we with types dA and CCA
me syödään me syötiin we ate
me käydään me käytiin we went/visited
me kuunnellaan me kuunneltiin we listened
me mennään me mentiin we went
extr
Past tense rules a
For reference only. Memorize some sample verbs, not the rules.
Here are some past tense verbs grouped by their declination pattern. The
past tense marker needs a so-called inflectional stem, which means the minä/
mä present verb form without the final -n (i.e. the stem with gradation taken
into account). A slight exception to this are third-person VA verbs with gra-
dation: the need a strong grade in third person while other persons use the
weak stem (e.g. sä nukuit, you were sleeping, but se nukkui, she was sleeping).
The following applies to all verb types except for dA and VtA. If
the inflectional stem ends in O or U, add the past tense marker. O/U
inflectional stem ending in O or U +I
mä asu-n mä asuin I lived
mä kat(s)o-n mä kat(s)oin I watched
mä kysy-n mä kysyin I asked
All dA verbs whose present tense already ends in Vi (like voida or remontoida,
to renovate) look the same in the present and the past.
same present and past
mä imuroin mä imuroin I vacuumed
mä uin mä uin I swam
There are three slightly irregular dA verbs: nähdä, tehdä, and käydä.
nähdä
mä näen mä näin I saw
se näkee se näki he saw
tehdä
mä teen mä tein I did, I made
se tekee se teki she did, she made
This applies to all VtA verbs. The past tense marker is si and it
replaces the final vowel of the inflectional stem. The basic form is
given in brackets for clarity. Look at exercise 9.
SI
VtA verbs in the past tense
mä haluan mä halusin I wanted (haluta)
mä osaan mä osasin I was able to, I knew how (osata)
mä printtaan mä printtasin I printed (printata)
mä pelaan mä pelasin I played (pelata)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 259
Some VA verbs also use the si marker. Only the verbs listed below
use the si, so even though ntAA-ending verbs are listed below as
one category, verbs like antaa : mä annoin (I gave) and kantaa : mä si2
kannoin (I carried) do not follow this pattern. Look at exercise 10.
si verbs of the VA verb type
mä tiedän mä tiesin I knew
mä pyydän mä pyysin I requested
mä löydän mä löysin I found
mä huudan mä huusin I yelled
mä tunnen mä tunsin I knew [a person], I felt
mä taidan mä taisin I think I... [a verb for uncertainty]
-ntAA
mä lennän mä lensin I flew (lentää)
mä käännän mä käänsin I translated; I turned X (kääntää)
mä työnnän mä työnsin I pushed
mä rakennan mä rakensin I built
mä oksennan mä oksensin I vomited
mä tallennan mä tallensin I saved [a file on a computer]
-ltAA
mä uskallan mä uskalsin I dared, I had the courage
mä vihellän mä vihelsin I whistled
mä sukellan mä sukelsin I dived
mä kiellän mä kielsin I forbid/forbade; I denied
-rtAA
mä ymmärrän mä ymmärsin I understood
mä piirrän mä piirsin I drew
mä siirrän mä siirsin I moved [an item]
mä kierrän mä kiersin I went around; I toured
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 261
1 Puhu treenaamaan lähtemisestä parin kanssa.
Talk about going training with your friend. Then apply the changes listed in the
boxes below the dialog. Ö may either accept or decline.
Ä
Hei miLlanE
sÄä sIel on?
Ö
SatAa
veTtä.
KiInNostAaks
sua meNnä
saliLle?
Ö accepts Ö declines
Burnham
Park jää.halli kaukalo kaukalo kehä kengät kenttä
jää.kiekko
kori.pallo
hiihto
juoksu
nyrkkeily
salibandy
sulka.pallo
shakki
zumba
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 263
3 Puhu taulukosta parin kanssa.
Talk about the table in task 2 with your partner using the discussion below as a
sample.
tansSi.tanko
Ja kevyEt
vAaTtEet.
Have you Oot sä
tried? kokeillu?
JoO.
Onks se
kalListA?
Ei, JoS sä Oot
KotOna. Mut
Here, you could
TanSsI.tunTi on
name a favorite kAlLiS.
player or a team Onks sul
if applicable and suoSikKIi?
if you have one.
JOo. OonA
kiVeLÄ on tosi
hyvä.
1. kori.pallo on __________________________________________________
2. jää.kiekko on _________________________________________________
3. e-urheilu on __________________________________________________
4. jalka.pallo on _________________________________________________
5. pyöräily on ___________________________________________________
6. vaellus on ____________________________________________________
7. uiminen on ___________________________________________________
TykkäÄt sä
koripallosta?
Miten You do not need to
No [specific rea-
Eiku ni? respond using tykätä but
son for asking], I if you do, here are some
was just thinking... ajaTtelin options:
vAa. – tykkään paljon
No se on ihan (I like it a lot)
– tykkään vähän
ok… TykKäÄt (I like it a bit)
En sä? – en tykkää yhtään
tykKÄä (I don’t like it at all)
paljon...
MiLlon sä
pelasit viimeks(i), in this con-
koripalLOo text, means the last time,
viImeks? so the question is when
was the last time you
Mä pelasin played basketball?
Xtime sit(ten)
ehkÄ 2 viIKkoO
means Xtime ago siTten.
Okei. Mä
Viime X:ssa/ pelasin
llA/nA would be koUluSsa.
last X (e.g. viime
vuonna, last year)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 265
Kaverin nimi Lajin nimi Mitä tykkää? Milloin kokeili?
pe sauva.kävely
Perjantaina mä
ke jumppa
sauvakävelin.
Okei. Oliks
rankKAa?
Ei, ihan
kevytTä.
ma koripallo.treenit
Okei.
to kunto.sali
la kävely Sit
keskiviikkona
mä kävin
jumpassa.
Oliks Se
RaNkKaA?
ti kunto.sali
to salibandy-treenit JoO. sE oli
pe kuntosali kova treEni.
su juoksu mUa väsytTi.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 267
7 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
8 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
9 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
10 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. I knew it (sen)!
____________________________________________________________
2. I found it (sen)!
____________________________________________________________
3. Did you understand?
____________________________________________________________
4. I understood. A little. Maybe.
____________________________________________________________
5. Filipinos flew to Europe.
____________________________________________________________
6. I yelled a lot.
____________________________________________________________
11 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. I helped a resident.
____________________________________________________________
2. The film started (use alkaa) at 6pm.
____________________________________________________________
3. Janename sang karaoke [+ A].
____________________________________________________________
4. They laughed.
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 269
12
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
13
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 271
16 Lue dialogi parin kanssa.
Read the dialog with your partner.
Moi.
Depending on delivery,
oho (oh?) can signal that Moi… Kipee is the colloquial vari-
the speaker heard some- ant of kipeä (sick, sore).
thing new or is astonished. Many adjectives whose
Oot sä basic form ends in -eA are
Oho is also sometimes ok? shortened the same way in
used with sori or anteeks colloquial speech: makea
when apologizing after No nilkKa on » makee (sweet), nopea
doing something minor, » nopee (fast), vihreä »
similar to whoops in En- vähÄn kipEe. vihree (green). If you use
glish. the colloquial version, the
Oho. partitive is -tA (as with
any noun that ends in two
Joo. Mä vowels): makeeta, vihreetä.
kaaduin, kun
The word vaik(ka) means mä juoksin.
for example in colloquial
Finnish. It is interchange- These are past tense forms
able with esimerkiksi (from
Tarvit sä
of kaatua (to fall down)
esimerkki, an example). jotain? VoINks mä and juosta (to run). The
Vaikka can also be used as tuoda vaik past tense is discussed on
a conjunction and would jotain? page 256.
mean although.
Oho.
Miten
paljon? 0. 4.
No…
vähän.
Voi ei… 5.
Voinks mä
auttaa?
Kyl tää 6.
vähän a little tästä… /
aika vähän somewhat
aika paljon kind of a lot
Nooo…
tosi paljon really badly Voit sä…?
7.
18 Vastaa negatiivisesti.
Give a negative reply.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 273
19
Kysy muilta.
Ask others.
20
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. I’m cold.
____________________________________________________________
2. I’m scared of the future.
____________________________________________________________
3. My knee hurts.
____________________________________________________________
4. I’m interested in nursing (hoito.työ).
____________________________________________________________
5. The A1 exam makes me nervous...
____________________________________________________________
6. Consonant gradation (aste.vaihtelu) annoys me sometimes.
____________________________________________________________
7. I was at Jollibee yesterday, and now I feel nauseous.
____________________________________________________________
8. Needles distress the patient.
____________________________________________________________
9. My back hurts.
____________________________________________________________
10. A resident feels dizzy because he/she doesn’t drink water.
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 275
22 Kysy parilta, miten paljon häntä ärsyttää.
Ask your partner how much the following things annoy them.
:) :|
Se/ne ei ärsytä mua yhtään
ÄrsyttÄäks ([not] at all).
sua moman
jauhAmiNen? Se/ne ärsyttää...
...aika vähän.
No joo. Se ...vähän.
ärsyttÄä muA tosi
>:(
Nooooo, joo. Se/ne ärsyttää mua...
paljoN. Entäs ...paljon.
[ärsyttääks se] sua? ...tosi paljon.
...ihan vitusti!
Joo. Se
ÄRSYTtäÄ Emmä tiiä. (I don’t know)
vähÄn. En oo varma. (I’m not sure)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 277
25
Kirjoita neljä kO-kysymystä parille. Käytä imperfektiä.
Write four kO questions for your partner about their weekend. Use the past tense.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
26
Vastaa parin kysymyksiin.
Answer your partner’s questions with a full sentence if you would give a positive
reply. With negative, just say “En”, as we have not discussed negative past tense
yet.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
27
Kerro Tapanin päivästä.
Look at the calendar and talk about Tapani’s day in
the past tense.
keskiviikko 25.9.
Tapani heräsi kello 7:O0.
________________________________
________________________________
7:00 herätys
________________________________ 7:30 aamu.lenkille
________________________________ 9:00 töihin
11:15 anna asiakkaalle
________________________________ ohjeet
12:30 lähetä Juulille
________________________________ raportit
________________________________ 13:00 ruokatunti, kebabii
Antin kanssa
________________________________ 18:30 kauppaan
20:00 leffa
________________________________
22:30 soita mummolle
________________________________ Kanadaan
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
0.
Mites
MarjAtan 1.
lämpö? Mites veikon
läÄKkEet?
Mä mittasin
sen jo.
2. 3.
Mites aulan Mites
siIvouS? Aulikin
rolLaAtTorin
pesu?
4.
Mites 5.
raportTI? Mites Pentin
sauna?
6.
7.
Mites Siljan
verEn.paINe? Mites
ruoka.tauko?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 279
29
Kysy muilta.
Ask others.
30
Kirjoita tunnekausatiivi ja syy (jos mahdollista).
Write a feeling verb and a reason (if possible).
32 Muuta puhekielelle.
Switch into colloquial Finnish by changing the verb forms.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 281
33
Kirjoita verbi oikeassa muodossa. Käytä puhekieltä.
Write the verb in the correct past tense form. Use colloquial Finnish with me
forms.
34
Kerro, että teit asian jo.
Tell that you already did what your friend suggests yesterday.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 283
38
Lue selkoteksti.
Read the text about Finnish baseball.
Pesäpallo
Pesä.pallo on Suomen kansallis.peli. Se Pesäpalloa pelataan Suomessa kou-
muistuttaa (resembles) amerikkalaista luissa ja urheilu.seuroissa. Suomen
baseballia mutta ei ole sama peli. Lauri pesäpallon pää.sarjan (main league)
Pihkala name
keksi pesäpallon 1915–1921, nimi on Superpesis. Joka kesän tärkein
kun hän näki baseball-ottelun Yhdysval- peli on miesten Itä–Länsi-ottelu. Se on
loissa. Pihkalan mielestä ([Mr.] Pihkala näytös.peli (a showcase game), jossa
thought that) baseball oli liian tylsää, Suomen parhaat pesäpallo.pelaajat koh-
joten hän teki oman version. Ensimmäi- taavat.
nen pesäpallo.peli pelattiin vuonna 1922.
taka.raja
Pesäpallossa on kaksi joukkuetta. Yksi
joukkue on ”sisällä” (~fielding team) ja
toinen joukkue on ”ulkona” (~batting
team). Pelissä on kolme pesää. Jos pelaa-
ja menee kolmos.pesältä (third base)
koti.pesään, joukkue saa pisteen. Pisteen
nimi on juoksu (a run). Jos pallo tulee
pesään ennen juoksijaa, tulee palo (out,
lit. a burn). Kun joukkueella on kolme
paloa, joukkueen rooli vaihtuu.
Pesäpallo.kentällä on rajat, ja kun
pelaaja lyö palloa, pallon pitää osua rajan
sisälle (the ball has to land inside bound- kolmos.pesä kakkos.pesä
aries ~ foul lines). Kentällä on koti.pesä ja
kolme ulko.pesää. Pesäpallo.kentässä on
taka.raja (rear boundary, rear foul line).
Baseball-kentässä ei ole taka.rajaa.
Pelaajat käyttävät palloa, mailaa ja
räpylää. Jos peli on virallinen, pelaajilla on ykkös.pesä
myös pään.suojus (protective headgear).
Lyöminen (batting, lit. hitting) ja
syöttäminen (pitching, lit. feeding) on
erilaista pesäpallossa kuin baseballissa.
syöttö.lautanen
Pesäpallossa pallo syötetään (is pitched) koti.pesä
pysty.suoraan. Baseballissa syötetään
vaaka.suoraan.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 6 285
286 Unit 7 Mikko Taurama & Olli Ruha
unit 7
Everyday items
and malfunctions
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 287
Everyday items
Verbs below might come in handy when you need to express that something does not work,
is stuck, broke, and so on. They are regular verbs of their respective types, so you need to
inflect them depending on who or what the subject is. The examples below are in third-per-
son singular form (the hän form).
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 289
Necessity clause
When you must do something, this is how to say it.
The necessity clause has at least three parts and possible complements:
– the actor with the -n ending
– the necessity verb pitää, täytyy, or ei tarvi(tse) (see below)
– the action verb in the basic form
necessity clauses broken down
actor+n necessity verb action complements
Mun pitää opiskella suomee. I have to study Finnish.
Annin täytyy mennä. Anni has to go.
Teidän kannattaa ostaa salmiakkii. You should buy some
salmiakki.
Marian pitää siivota sen huone. Maria needs to clean
her room.
Meidän ei tarvi(tse) lähteä. We don't need to go.
Mun ei tarvi(tse) tykätä susta. I don't have to like you.
kannattaa
Use this for suggestions. It means ~should probably
[do], as in would be a good idea [to do] or I’d recom-
mend that you [do], similar to kaya when it follows the
basic form of the verb, e.g. kumain kaya tayo.
Necessity verbs can appear in the past tense. With pitää, this adds the conno-
tation of X was supposed to [do].
necessity clauses in the past tense
Mun piti opiskella suomee. I needed to study Finnish.
Kinailangan kong aralin ang Finnish.
or I was supposed to study Finnish.
Täytyikö sun mennä? Did you have to go?
If you need an item (e.g. I need a pen or kailangan ko ng ballpen; when the
verb is followed by a noun), you cannot use the necessity structure in Finn-
ish. Instead, use the verb tarvita in a normal clause. In this usage, the tarvita is
inflected to agree with the subject (i.e. -t with sä, etc.), and the subject is not
in the -n form.
not necessity clauses
Mä tarvi(tse)n ruokaa. I need food.
Me tarvitaan aikaa. We need time.
Tarvitko sä kynää? Do you need a pen?
En tarvi(i). I don't need [a pen].
It is, however, possible to use the necessity verbs together with the posses-
sive clause (mulla on X) to say that you must have or possess something, like
saying you must have X or we need to have Y.
The owner is in the -llA form and is followed by a necessity verb in third
person and olla in the basic form.
necessity + possessive
Sulla pitää olla passi. You must have a passport.
Meillä täytyy olla rahaa. We have to have money.
Sillä ei tarvi olla kypärää. He doesn't need to have a helmet.
Mulla piti olla varaus. I was supposed to have a reservation.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 291
Impersonal necessity
clause
This is used when the focus is on the action, not the actor.
You can use the necessity clause without an -n actor. This is called an imper-
sonal necessity clause, and it is roughly the same as the following in English
and Tagalog:
necessity clause without the -n actor
Huone pitää siivota. The room needs to be cleaned.
Kailangan malinisan ang kwarto.
Toi sohva täytyy siirtää. That sofa has to be moved.
Dapat mailipat yung sofa.
With impersonal clauses, you can move the complement of the action verb
(like huone and sohva above) before the necessity verb if there is no actor in
the -n form to occupy that space. This is not mandatory, but first-language
speakers sometimes do it for emphasis. You can start with the necessity verb.
The complement remains in the basic form with pitää and täytyy unless the
action verb needs its complement in a specific form (tykätä would need the
-stA, for example). For negative clauses, the complement has the partitive
ending unless, again, the action verb needs a specific ending.
negative necessity clause without the -n actor
Ruokaa ei tarvi tehdä. No need to make food.
Ei tarvi tehdä ruokaa. No need to make food.
Tästä ei tarvi tykätä, mutta... One doesn't need to like this but...
ex
tr
Subject-less third-person clauses are called zero person in
Finnish linguistics, but in NLRC materials, we just call them
impersonal singular for clarity. They do not translate well into
English. The closest equivalent is to use someone as a subject, e.g.
a
[Ø:n] pitää tehdä tää, someone must do this ~ this must be done. Impersonal
singular statements apply to any single person present, including the speaker,
so they can be used in rhetorical remarks. Impersonal singular expressions
are different from impersonal plural (page 218), which implies a group of
unspecified human actors, and they have limited contexts where they work.
With verbs, certain verb types and persons trigger the gradation. With
nouns, the gradation can occur if the noun gets an ending. (Syllable boundar-
ies are marked with a middle dot below for clarity.)
strong basic forms, but weak stems with an ending
Eu·roop·pa Eu·roo·pas·ta Europe : from Europe
ka·tu ka·dul·la a street : on the street
pin·ta pin·nal·le a surface : onto the surface
Not all nouns undergo gradation, but with many nouns that do, the basic
form is strong, but if there are gradating consonants at the border of the last
two syllables of the noun and that noun gets an ending, then you often need a
weak grade in the stem.
If a noun could undergo gradation due to an ending, the gradation hap-
pens with all noun endings except for the -Vn and the -nA. The partitive
also does not affect gradation because it follows its own patterns (page 211).
no gradation with -Vn
Se on laa·ti·kos·sa. It’s in the drawer/box.
but Lai·ta se laa·tik·koon. Put it into the drawer/box.
Mä käyn kau·pas·sa. I’ll go/drop by at the store.
but Mä meen kaup·paan. I’ll go to the store.
There are some word types that undergo so-called reverse gradation where
the basic form is weak but all other forms (including -Vn and -nA) are strong,
somewhat similar to how VtA verbs work with gradation.
Reverse gradation may apply to all e-ending words and the asukas type
Vs-ending words. Because of this, mysterious k letters (and sounds) may ap-
pear out of nowhere with e words.
weak basic forms but strong stems
pyy·he pyyh·kee- a towel
a·sen·ne a·sen·tee- an attitude
sa·de sa·tee- rain
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 293
vaa·te vaat·tee- clothing, a garment
lää·ke lääk·kee- medicine
The gradation does not affect certain consonant clusters at all. The most
common combinations are tk, sk, st, and hk.
no gradation
mat·ka mat·kal·la on a trip
pos·ti pos·tis·sa in the mail
ras·kas ras·kaa·na heavy / pregnant
suih·ku suih·kus·sa in the shower
*If a number is spelled with a number and is followed by a word that has the same ending as the number, the ending
neljä : neljä- kymmenen : kymmene-
of the number does not need to be spelled out. It is always pronounced, though. Here, it is spelled out for clarity.
viisi : viide- yksi.toista : yhde- toista
kuusi : kuude- kaksi.toista : kahde- toista
Things are slightly different when a container is a main word and is followed
by a noun that describes the content (e.g. a cup of coffee, 3 glasses of wine,
isang bote ng beer, etc.). The content needs the partitive ending. The contain-
er (e.g. a cup) comes first and is followed by the content noun (e.g. coffee)
in the partitive. The “container” may be something abstract, like a unit of
weight or volume.
container as a main word with contents as its attribute
pullo giniä a bottle of gin, isang bote ng gin
tölkki Royalii a can of Royal
kilo riisiä a kilo of rice
If there is more than one container, the container needs the partitive ending
as well (because the partitive is needed for nouns after numbers).
number as a main word, container as its attribute
2 pulloa giniä two bottles of gin ~dalawang bote ng gin
3 tölkkiä Jaffaa three cans of Jaffa
5 kiloo riisii five kilos of rice
Here are sample expressions that combine the two scenarios above.
all together now
yksi 24:n* gramman pussi Miloa one 24-gram pouch of Milo
kaksi puolen litran pulloa Red Horsea two 0.5-liter bottles of Red Horse
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 295
Possessive suffixes
Similar to indicating possession in Tagalog.
Tagalog uses similar logic if you indicate ownership with a pronoun after
the noun. The expression above is essentially the same as just saying mun
talo. Here are all possessive suffixes:
possessive suffixes in green
(minun) taloni my house
(sinun) talosi your house
(hänen) talonsa her/his house
(meidän) talomme our house
(teidän) talonne your house
(heidän) talonsa their house
...or this
mun äiti my mother / my mom
OsaAt sä…?
JoO, mä
OSaAN…
En oO Ihan
varmA.
Se RIiPpuU.
EN osAa…
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 297
2 Yhdistä ongelma ja syy.
Connect the problem with the reason. Some replies work with several problems.
JoO.
Sähköt on
1. TÄä Ovi ei poIKki.
aukea.
JoO, se
LampPu on
2. TV ei rikki.
toImi.
Ehkä se LukKo
veSsaN on riKki.
3. Viemäri on
tukosSa!
Se putosi
latTialLe.
4.
OlohuONeESsa
on pimeä.
No kai
Nyt, ku SiELlä
on nIi paljoN
hIuksia.
5.
Puhelimen
näytTö on
rIKki. JOo, yks
Kaveri lainASi
sitä.
1. 2.
Ärsyttää. Tulit sä jo
BaguiOon?
No? Eiku mä oOn
Netti ei busSisSa. EDSAlLa.
toimi taas.
Vielä?!
JOo.
LIikeNne on ihan
3.
jumisSa.
Tää ei toimi. OnNea…
Mitä mun pitää
tehä? KiITti...
Onks se
päällä?
Oho. Ei. Xmachine on päällä means X is on, X has
power. Its opposites are X ei oo päällä and
X on pois päältä, both meaning X is off.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 299
6 Kirjoita, mitä työkalua tai instrumenttia sinun pitää käyttää.
Write what instrument or tool you need to use. Use the verb käyttää or a specific
verb + the instrument in -llA.
5. – Oksettaa.
– No mee vessaan.
chopsticks).
7. – Auuuuuu, sattuu!
– No?
0. a 5-liter bucket
__viiden litran ämpäri
__________________________________________________________
1. a 9-euro meal
____________________________________________________________
2. an 8-hour shift
____________________________________________________________
3. a room for two / a two-person room (use hengen for person; it literally means
a spirit, a genie but is used as a meronym for a person in some expressions)
____________________________________________________________
4. a 12-hour flight
____________________________________________________________
5. a 10-minute walk
____________________________________________________________
6. a four-egg cake
____________________________________________________________
7. a 5-kilometer run (lenkki)
____________________________________________________________
8. a 35-square meter (neliö) apartment
____________________________________________________________
9. a 10-liter trash bag
____________________________________________________________
10. a 4-day sick leave
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 301
10
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
3. 20 ml of detergent ________________________________________
1. kuppi a. herne.keittoa
2. laatikko b. kahvia
3. lasi c. karkkia
4. pallo (in this context, a scoop; lit. a ball) d. maitoa
5. pullo e. mansikoita
6. purkki (a jar or a can for canned goods) f. mehua
7. pussi g. olutta
8. rasia h. omenoita
9. tuoppi i. salmiakki.jäätelöä
10. tölkki (a can or a carton for liquids) j. sipsejä
k. vettä
l. viiniä
Ä
Mitä suLla
on? Ö
[items]
Okei.
MiSTä sä
ostIT? tuolta is toi + ltA,
No in this context
from there.
tuolta.
AHa. Mäki
hAlUun.
No
Osta.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 303
13
Lue dialogi parin kanssa. Muuta sen jälkeen dialogia.
Read the dialog with your partner. Then apply some of the changes on the fly.
Hei…
Ö
No?
TeEt sä
jOtAin
huomenNa?
Mul on
aAmUvuOro.
tEeT sä
jotain
iLlAlLa?
MiteN
niI?
Mä ajatTelin,
etTÄ hAluUt sä
jäÄdä ylitöihIn?
15 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
1. We have to eat.
____________________________________________________________
2. I need to go.
____________________________________________________________
3. You don't have to come.
____________________________________________________________
4. You must do this.
____________________________________________________________
5. Do I have to go to the store?
____________________________________________________________
6. You need to put more (lisää) salt.
____________________________________________________________
7. You need to shower.
____________________________________________________________
8. You don't need to help.
____________________________________________________________
9. We had to wait for Anni. (past tense)
____________________________________________________________
10. He must clean the table.
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 305
306
JoO, mut Mun
0. PyörRytTäÄ… PItäÄ tehdä nÄä JoO…
koTitehtävät…
16
PitäÄ
soiTtAa pomoLle,
MisSä se bussi sun pitää että mä tUun
1. on? ÄrsytTÄä. istuA. myöhäsSÄ.
Unit 7
2. sua lähteä se on niI
lenkilLe? taksilLa… hyväÄ…
No?
Mun piti oLla töiSsä Voi paska…
Yhdistä kommentti, vastaus ja reaktio.
Oho.
aww crap...
Sori muTta en mä
HirveE voi. Mun pitäÄ Eiku
4. Krapula! levätä. mua satTUu lähetään
oksetTAa. nilKkaAn. SM:ään.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 307
19
Kysy parilta.
Ask your partner.
20
Mitä sinun täytyy tehdä, jos...
What do you need to do if...
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 309
23 Anna tukea.
Your friend has an issue. Give them some ideas (or snide advice) with the neces-
sity clause (use kannattaa) and then offer to help with a let’s suggestion if applica-
ble.
0. 1.
Tää viikko
oli tosi vaikee mun selkä on
töissä. tosi kiPeE töissä.
No ehkä sun kan-
nattaa juoda vähän
olutta ja jutella.
Mennäänks baariin
illalla?
2.
3.
Oho, muLla ei
oO ruokAa mÄ en osAa
jÄäkAapIsSa. käytTäÄ täTÄ
tiskIKonETta.
4. 5.
6.
Mun elämÄ on
IhaN perseEStä.
X on perseestä is an idiom that
means X sucks, literally X is
from ass. It is vulgar though
not particularly offensive.
Still, do not use it at work.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 311
25
Tee kysymyksiä.
It is possible to combine the necessity structure with a question word to say
things like where do I have to go? Express the following in Finnish.
26
Kerro OFW-taidoista.
Pretend that you will be deployed to Finland in four weeks. Your future room-
mate has never been an OFW and has not lived alone before. They are panicking
as they suddenly realize that it might be a good idea to know how to make food
without the usual ingredients from a nearby palengke available. List 2–3 other
things using the necessity structure that you think they should master before
leaving for Finland.
1. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
0. 1.
HyiIi, tää Oho, meil ei
keiTtiö on tosi oO MaitOo.
likaiNen.
Tää keittiö
pitää siivota.
JoO
jOo... Eiks
meilLä oo?
2. 3.
Äh, mä unohdin
maksaA seN Miks ei
sähkölaskun. ruoat oo
jäÄkaApiSsa?
4. 5.
Aulan
roskakori on HuonEeSsa
täysi. 204 ei oo
vessapaperIi.
JOo.
okei.
6.
Did anyone tell
Kertoiko kukaAn Anni that the train-
ANnille, et koulutus ing is at 2pm...?
on keLlo 14...?
JOo. Mä
sanoin siLle.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 313
28 Heitä noppaa ja vastaa kysymykseen.
Roll a die and answer one of the questions based on the number you rolled. Ques-
tions are only applicable to the scenarios in the column under them.
2. According to the fore- 2. The bin for organic 1. You want to travel to
cast, a typhoon will hit waste is full. Hong Kong.
tomorrow.
3. Your water container is 2. You want to work in
3. Your bicycle has a flat almost empty. Finland.
tire.
4. You do not have a clean 3. According to the fore-
4. An electricity bill is due. towel. cast, a typhoon will hit
tomorrow.
5. You think you might be 5. Your phone battery is
pregnant. low. 4. You want to throw a
party.
6. You have a scheduled 6. Your dish soap ran out.
meeting but you are run- 5. You have rented an un-
ning late due to traffic. 7. You want to travel to furnished condo unit.
Hong Kong.
7. You have received your 6. It is raining heavily.
work permit card and 8. You are spending a
will depart for Finland in weekend in Manila but 7. It is January 24 and it is
9 days. you do not have a return –32 degrees.
ticket to Baguio yet.
8. It is 1 am, but you 8. You want to make a
cannot sleep because of 9. The memory of your green smoothie.
noisy neighbors. phone is full.
9. You want to try
9. You witness a car acci- 10. It is time to check Ka- cross-country skiing.
dent. levi’s blood pressure.
10. You have a burnout
10. Your bank account has 11. It is time to wake up the problem.
just 52 pesos. residents.
11. You want to start a fami-
11. You want to run a mar- 12. A water bill is due. ly of your own.
athon.
12. You want to bake some
12. You are tired. karjalan.piirakka.
30 Kirjoita kirjakielellä.
Express in formal writing, i.e. add a possessive suffix and change the pronoun
where applicable. Possessive suffixes follow the (strong) vowel stem of the word,
so you have to use the stem in items #3 and #10.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 315
31
Muuta työkaverin raportti kirjakielelle.
Your coworker is a little lazy and wrote entries in a report in colloquial Finnish
(which would be just fine for Facebook, instant messages, and anything informal
but not official records at work, like medical reports). Fix it.
32
Muuta kaverin sähköposti puhekielelle.
Your friend from another group of Finnish trainees uses formal Finnish in casual
messages to their friends, and that sounds a little awkward. Change their message
into colloquial Finnish (add or change pronouns, remove possessive suffixes).
Hei,
Lauantai kuulostaa hyvältä. Voin tuoda
jotain salaattia. Sopiiko couscous kaikille?
Tarvitsemmeko enemmän juomaa? Kalle
sanoi, että voin tuoda hänen vanhan
viinipullonsa. Jos joku tarvitsee kyydin (a
ride), minun autossani on tilaa. Lähden
noin kello 10.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Mitä mä tarvin, kun me mennään sinne Mt. Pulagille?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. Mitä mä tarvin, ku mä meen Suomeen ja on talvi?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
4. Hei mä haluun pestä nää meidän ikkunat. Mitä mä tarvin?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
34 Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 317
35
Sano sama suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish. Pay attention to gradation.
36
Kirjoita sana oikeassa muodossa.
Write the word in brackets in the right form. Pay attention to word types and
gradation.
word).
1. kenkä 3. tarjotin
kynä teelusikka
kauha taskulamppu
2. peitto 4. reppu
pyyhe rahat
pora rollaattori
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 319
39
Kirjoita ylös pomon ohjeet.
Your boss has some things that need to be done. Write them down.
1. – __________________________________________________________
2. – __________________________________________________________
3. – __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
4. – __________________________________________________________
– __________________________________________________________
40
Kuuntele ja kirjoita, mitä puhujan pitää tehdä.
Listen to the dialog and write down what one of the speakers has to do.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
41
Kuuntele dialogit ja kirjoita ehdotus ja syy kieltäytyä.
Listen to the dialogs and write down the suggestion mentioned in them as well as
the reason the other person turns down the offer.
1. mitä: _______________________________________________________
2. mitä: _______________________________________________________
3. mitä: _______________________________________________________
Ä
KeneN TÄä
oN? Ö
Here, tää (this)
acts like a defi- Mikä?
nite article or
this in English,
lit. this blue shirt. TäÄ sINineN
paitA.
Ei oo mun.
ehkä se on
täs(sä) lattialla
LauraN.
means here on MikS se on
the floor. täS
latTiaLla?
EmMä
tIiä.
Entäs TÄä
kenKä?
Eiks Se
oO sun?
Ei oO
mun.
Ai eI? No
ehkä se on
JohniN.
TäÄ meiDÄn
Olohuone pitÄä
siIvota…
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 321
43 Lue dialogi ja etsi n-päätteet. Muuta sen jälkeen dialogia.
Read the dialog with your partner. Find words with the -n ending. Then apply
some of the changes on the fly.
Eiku joskuS
kaheltatoISta. Ku
olIn tauOlLa.
JOo
joO…
Jep.
Joo. Onks Here, vapaat
sulla vapaat means days off. It
huomenna? could be singular
(vapaa) as well.
On.
IlLalLa
baArIin?
Eiku pitÄä
Tarjota means sÄästäÄ rahaa, Jos
to offer. Here, uus puhelin maksaa
its meaning is
I can treat you
paljon.
or it's on me,
my treat.
Eiku mä voin
tarjota.
No sit In colloquial
menNÄän. Finnish, no sit(ten)
often means well
No ni. then or in that case.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 323
45
Kysy parilta, kenen esine on.
Create -n forms by asking your partner
whose the following things are. Choose
Hei tiedät
sä, kenen tää/nää
X on?
the list Ä below or list Ö on page 325 Mä luulen, et
and cover the other one. Your part-
ner uses the other list. Use nää (these;
se/ne on Y:n.
formal: nämä) and ne (they) with plural Miten se
forms. With two-word names (e.g. An- kirjotetaan? aa, bee,
na-Mari) only add the -n to the last part.
cee…
Ä esine
polku.pyörä
omistaja
Liisa
kirja
kaveri Sylvi
sateen.varjo
silmä.lasit Anna-Mari
kengät
kynä Anneli
rahat Tuula
avaimet
energia.patukka Ulla-Maria
monisteet
pyörä.tuoli Nella
laukku
pipo Maarit
puhelin Jessica
huivi Elisa
pyykit
A aa I ii Q kuu X äks
B bee J jii R är Y yy
C see K koo S äs Z tset(a)
D dee L äl T tee Ä ää
E ee M äm U uu Ö öö
F äf N än V vee - viiva
G gee O oo W tupla.vee / väli (a space)
H hoo P pee kaksois.vee
kirja Eeli
kaveri
sateen.varjo Henri
silmä.lasit
kengät Ivan
kynä
käsi.desi Sakari
rahat
avaimet Petteri
energia.patukka
monisteet Vesa
pyörä.tuoli
laukku Leo
pipo
puhelin
huivi
pyykit Akseli
A aa I ii Q kuu X äks
B bee J jii R är Y yy
C see K koo S äs Z tset(a)
D dee L äl T tee Ä ää
E ee M äm U uu Ö öö
F äf N än V vee - viiva
G gee O oo W tupla.vee / väli (a space)
H hoo P pee kaksois.vee
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 325
46
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
47
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
0. Manila Filippiinien
________________________________________
1. Helsinki ________________________________________
2. Jakarta ________________________________________
3. Pariisi ________________________________________
4. Soul ________________________________________
5. Hanoi ________________________________________
6. Berliini ________________________________________
7. Moskova ________________________________________
8. Tukholma ________________________________________
9. Rooma ________________________________________
10. Tallinna ________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
9. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 7 327
50
Kirjoita sana genetiivissä. Muista astevaihtelu.
Write word in brackets with the -n ending. Remember to apply gradation.
51
Kirjoita sana genetiivissä.
Write the word with the -n ending. Pay attention to the stems.
too high.)
rikki.
Suomessa.
Public transit
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 331
Public transit
Joukko.liikenne in Finnish.
lähtö.päivä
lähtö.paikka
lähtö.aika
saapumis.aika/
tulo.aika
aika.taulu
kesto
= miten kauan hinta
matka kestää = mitä matka
maksaa
kestää to last, to take time (when you talk about the duration
of a trip or the running time of a film, etc.); to endure
jäädä pois Xvehicle:stA to off board X
nousta/mennä X :Vn
vehicle
to board X
mennä/matkustaa X vehicle
:llA to go/travel by X
näyttää lippu (lukijalle) to show a ticket (to the card reader)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 333
1 Lue dialogit parin kanssa.
Read the dialogs with your partner. First letters of proper nouns are underlined
for clarity.
1.
onks se 2.
pysäkKi Miten me
kaukana? PäÄstÄän
TikKurilAan?
ei oo. se on
ihan lähelLÄ. pitäÄ MEnNä
lähi.junaLla.
3.
MisSä me 4.
jÄädäÄn pois? AnteEks,
tÄsSä olis
mun paiKka.
Itä.keskukseSsa.
Aha...
Okei. Sori.
Ei
mItÄän.
5.
MeNeEks tÄä
buSsI
HÄmEentiElLe? 6.
Onks sulLa
Arvoa
Ei meE. Sun mAtkakortiLla?
piTÄä menNä
43:lLA. Eiku
muLlA on
kausi.LipPu.
Commuter train
routes in the HSL
area are named with a OkeI.
letter. A K-juna goes
7. from Helsinki to Ker-
Moi. ABC-
ava. See page 351.
lippu.
6,50. 8.
MilTä raitEelTa
K-junAt lähtEe?
ABC-lippu (lit. an ABC ticket) is a public transit
ticket type in the HSL area. The area is divid- KatOTaAn
ed into zones (A, B, C, and D), and you have tostA
to buy a ticket at covers at least two of them. näyTöltÄ.
It gives you unlimited access to public transit
inside the said zones for 80 to 110 minutes.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 335
harja on laatikon vasemmalla puolella / oikealla puolella
the brush is on the left / right side of the box
puolella puolelle puolelta
lLy imply
ThEse two usUa
touch.
that The things
TheSE do nOT.
** when something is outdoors, use the adverb ulkona (~hanggang: ulos, ~mula: ulkoa)
In addition to postpositions, Finnish has a small number of words that can act
as postpositions and prepositions. Here, we call such words as adpostions (in
linguistics, an adposition would be an umbrella term for postpositions, prep-
ositions, circumpositions, and alike). In Finnish, a complement of an adposi-
tion usually needs the partitive ending and may go after or before the adpo-
sition. Some adpositions need the -n with their complement if they act as a
postposition but the partitive if they are a preposition. Choosing the position
is at the discretion of the speaker.
interchangeable adpositions
kesää ennen ~ ennen kesää before summer
vettä ilman ~ ilman vettä without water
tota vastapäätä ~ vastapäätä tota opposite that one
metsän keskellä ~ keskellä metsää in the middle of the forest
talon lähellä ~ lähellä taloa near the house (on page 335)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 337
You may have noticed by now that Finnish often operates with three kinds of
states for things: static (-ssA, -llA), moving towards (-Vn, -lle), and moving
away (-stA, -ltA). Most postpositions and some adpositions also have these
three variants, so choose the one that the verb requires. Below are the post-
position vieressä (next to) and its dynamic variants.
vieressä, viereen, and vierestä in context
– Take the bus pass [away from its position] next to the key.
Ota se (moving away; does not translate well into English)
busSilipPu – Yup.
AvaiMen
vierestä.
jep.
Finnish has two postpositions that translate into English as with: kanssa and
mukana. The word kanssa is both a postposition and an adverb, and it can
mean other things than just with. X:n kanssa as a postposition means with X,
usually in the sense that you are with or do something with another person.
It has colloquial variants kans and kaa, and the three are interchangeable.
kanssa in context
Mä meen Annin kanssa huomenna. I’ll go [there] with Anni tomorrow.
Puhu parin kans. Talk with/to your partner.
Haluut sä tulla mun kaa? Do you want to come with me?
The postposition kanssa does not cover all meanings of the English prep-
osition with. For example, if you have an item with you or you took an item
along, people usually express that with the adverb mukana (with, along; its
-Vn form is mukaan). Kanssa is used when two persons, animals, or things are
even or equal, while mukana implies possession or control.
mukana in context
Onks sulla passi mukana? Do you have a passport with you?
Ota passi mukaan. Take the passport with you / along.
Kanssa works if you imply that you are with someone. If you want to empha-
size that you are at somebody’s place, people usually say that with the -llA
ending or with postposition Xperson/place:n luona (at Xperson’s [place]; nearby Xplace;
its mihin form is luokse and -stA equivalent is luota).
at somebody’s place
Mä oon Annilla. I’m at Anni’s [place].
Me ollaan Annin luona. We are at Anni’s [place].
Kanssa can also be an adverb that means the same as myös (also, too). The
adverb only has a formal form kanssa and a colloquial form kans. It does not
have the short kaa form like the postposition does. The adverb also does not
require the -n linker with the preceding word.
adverb in context
Se haluaa tulla kans ~ myös. He wants to come, too.
Mä tykkään siitä kanssa ~ myös. I like it too.
Ai sä kans? ~ Ai sä myös? Oh, you too?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 339
Negative past tense
This is a piece of cake compared to positive past tense. Kind of.
You need the negative past tense form of a verb when you express that you
did not do something in the past.
negative past tense
Mä en nukkunu hyvin. I didn’t sleep well.
Minä en kysynyt. I did not ask.
Se ei tullu. He/She didn’t come.
Me ei nähty Jaakkoa .
name + A
We didn’t see Jaakko.
Mä EN
negative verb in the right form
Sä ET
negative verb in the right form
sÄ
et ValinNut done! (You didn’t choose Pikachu!)
PikachUu!
With CCA verbs (like tulla and pestä), a consonant other than -n may pre-
cede the -nUt. In such cases, the preceding sound assimilates the n sound in
the -nUt resulting in -lUt, -rUt, and -sUt.
CCA verbs in the -nUt form
Se ei tullut. (not *tulnut) She didn’t come. (tulla)
Sä et pessyt sitä. (not *pesnyt) You didn’t wash it. (pestä)
Kissa ei purrut. (not *purnut) The cat didn’t bite. (purra)
Mä en pannut sitä sinne. I didn’t put it there. (panna)
In colloquial speech and writing, the -nUt is used with all persons. In formal
writing, plural persons (i.e. me, te, he) use a form that ends in -neet instead. It
is formed the same way as the -nUt. You do not need to know how to produce
formal variants at this point, but you need to recognize them.
formal written finnish
Me emme voineet. We could not.
Te ette muistaneet. You did not remember.
He eivät halunneet. They did not want.
As a summary, here is the verb nähdä (to see) in the negative past tense in
colloquial Finnish and in formal writing and in all persons.
nähdä in the negative past tense
colloquial formal
mä en nähny (I didn’t see) minä en nähnyt
sä et nähny sinä et nähnyt
se ei nähny hän ei nähnyt
me ei nähty me emme nähneet
te ette nähny te ette nähneet
ne ei nähny he eivät nähneet
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 341
Expressions of time
Xtime sit(ten)
X ago
X:n jälkeen
after X
This page is for reference and will not be tested specifically. Most expressions below are
adverbs. Adverbs are words that answer questions about when, where, or how something
happens. The term looking back/forth in brackets below indicates whether you can use the
expression if it happened already.
expressions of time and their endings
aamulla in the morning
huomen.aamuna / huomenna aamulla tomorrow morning
seuraavana aamuna (ensi does not work here) [in] the next morning
tänä aamuna / tänään aamulla this morning (looking back or forth)
yöllä at night
tänä yönä / ensi yönä / seuraavana yönä tonight (looking forth only)
viime yönä last night
vuosi a year
vuonna 2084 in [the year] 2084
tänä vuonna this year (looking back or forth)
ensi vuonna / seuraavana vuonna next year
viime vuonna / vuosi sitten last year / a year ago
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 343
2 Lue dialogi parin kanssa. Muuta sen jälkeen dialogia.
Read the dialog out loud with your partner. Then re-perform it and apply some of
the changes listed below on the fly. The first letter of the name of a city is under-
lined for clarity.
Moi! Ö
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 345
1 HELSINKI–TURKU SATAMA
kulkupäivät > M-P M-P M-P M-P M-P L M-P,S L M-P,S L M-P L M-L S P M-S M-P L-S M-P M-P
junatyyppi > IC IC U BUSSI IC IC IC S S IC IC S IC S IC U BUSSI IC S IC
junan numero > 941 943 8441 78001 979 981 945 945 987 947 949 949 951 951 953 8465 78003 955 985 957 9
Helsinki 5:28 6:28 6:37 7:37 7:37 8:37 8:37 9:37 9:37 10:37 10:37 11:37 11:37 12:37 12:42 13:37 13:37 14:37 14
Pasila o 5:33 6:33 6:42 7:42 7:42 8:42 8:42 9:42 9:42 10:42 10:42 11:42 11:42 12:42 12:47 13:42 13:42 14:42 14
Pasila 5:34 6:34 6:42 7:43 7:43 8:43 8:43 9:43 9:43 10:43 10:43 11:43 11:43 12:43 12:47 13:43 13:43 14:43 14
Leppävaara o 5:40 6:40 6:49 7:49 7:49 8:49 8:49 9:49 9:49 10:49 10:49 11:49 11:49 12:49 12:54 13:49 13:49 14:49 14
Leppävaara 5:41 6:41 6:49 7:50 7:50 8:50 8:50 9:50 9:50 10:50 10:50 11:50 11:50 12:50 12:54 13:50 13:50 14:50 14
Espoo | | 7:02 | | | | | | | | | | | 13:07 | | |
Kirkkonummi o 5:58 6:58 7:18 | | | | | | | | | | | 13:23 | | |
Kirkkonummi 5:59 6:59 7:30 | | | | | | | | | | | 13:30 | | |
Inkoon Apteekki VR bussi : : 7:55 : : : : : : : : : : : 13:55 : : :
Karjaa o 6:25aikataulut
Kaukoliikenteen 7:25 15.12.2019–14.6.2020
8:20 8:35 8:31 9:31 mahdollisia!)
(muutokset 9:31 10:31 10:31 11:31 11:31 12:31 12:31 13:31 14:20 14:31 14:31 15:31 15
Karjaa 6:26 7:26 8:36 8:32 9:32 9:32 10:32 10:32 11:32 11:32 12:32 12:32 13:32 14:32 14:32 15:32 15
Salo o 6:56 8:02 9:03 8:59 9:59 9:59 10:59 10:59 11:59 11:59 12:59 12:59 13:59 14:59 14:59 15:59 15
Salo 6:57 8:03 9:04 9:01 10:01 10:01 11:01 11:01 12:01 12:01 13:01 13:01 14:01 15:01 15:01 16:01 16
Kupittaa o 7:28 8:27 9:28 9:25 10:25 10:25 11:25 11:25 12:25 12:25 13:25 13:25 14:25 15:25 15:25 16:25 16
Kupittaa 7:33 8:29 9:29 9:29 10:26 10:26 11:29 11:29 12:29 12:29 13:29 13:29 14:29 15:29 15:29 16:29 16
Turku o 7:38 8:34 9:34 9:34 10:31 10:31 11:34 11:34 12:34 12:34 13:34 13:34 14:34 15:34 15:34 16:34 16
Turku 7:40
Turku satama o 7:47
1 TURKU SATAMA–HELSINKI
kulkupäivät > M-P M-P M-P M-P M-P M-P M-L M-P L-S M-L M-S M-P M-S M-P S M-P,S L M-S M-S M-P M
1 HELSINKI–TURKU SATAMA
junatyyppi > Y IC BUSSI U IC S S IC S IC IC BUSSI U IC S S IC IC IC BUSSI
junan numero > 8570 942 78000 8442 944 976 946 948 978 950 954 78002 8466 956 956 958 958 960 962 78004 8
L M-L kulkupäivät
S P> M-S M-P M-P L-S M-P M-P M-P
M-P M-P S M-P
M-L LS M-P,S
M-P M-S L M-P,S
M-P,S M-S L M-P
M-P M-SL M-L
M-P SS P-L
P M-P,S
M-S M-P L L-S
M-S M-P M-P
S IC junatyyppi
S IC
> U BUSSI IC IC ICS UIC BUSSIS IC
IC ICS ICS SIC SIC ICU BUSSI
IC SIC ICS SIC IC
IC UIC BUSSIS ICL S IC
Turku satama 8:10 8:10
949 951 junan
951 numero
953 > 8465 78003 941955 943 985 8441
957 78001
957 979959 981
959 945975 945924 987961 947
8481 78005
949 949
963 951965 951965 953971 8465
977 78003
967 955
8525 985 957 9
Turku o 8:17 8:17
Turku 5:25 6:23 7:05 7:29 8:25 8:25 9:25 11:25 12:25 12:25 13:25 13:25 14:25 15:25
10:37 11:37 Helsinki
11:37 12:37 12:42 5:28
13:37 6:28
13:37 6:37
14:37 14:37 7:37
15:37 7:37
15:37 8:37
16:07 8:37 9:37
16:37 9:37
16:42 10:37 10:37
17:37 11:37
18:37 11:37
18:37 12:37
19:37 12:42
20:37 20:37 13:37
23:03 13:37 14:37 14
Kupittaa o 5:29 6:27 7:09 7:33 8:29 8:29 9:29 11:29 12:29 12:29 13:29 13:29 14:29 15:29
10:42 11:42 Pasila
11:42 12:42 12:47 o 5:33
13:42 6:33
13:42 6:42
14:42 14:42 7:42
15:42 7:42
15:42 8:42
16:12 8:42 9:42
16:42 9:42
16:47 10:42 10:42
17:42 11:42
18:42 11:42
18:42 12:42
19:42 12:47
20:42 20:42 13:42
23:07 13:42 14:42 14
Kupittaa 5:31 6:29 7:11 7:35 8:31 8:31 9:31 11:31 12:31 12:31 13:31 13:31 14:31 15:31
10:43 11:43 Pasila
11:43 12:43 12:47 5:34
13:43 6:34
13:43 6:42
14:43 14:43 7:43
15:43 7:43
15:43 8:43
16:13 8:43 9:43
16:43 9:43
16:47 10:43 10:43
17:43 11:43
18:43 11:43
18:43 12:43
19:43 12:47
20:43 20:43 13:43
23:07 13:43 14:43 14
Salo o 5:55 6:53 | 7:59 8:55 8:55 9:55 11:55 12:55 12:55 13:55 13:55 14:55 15:55
10:49 11:49 Leppävaara
11:49 12:49 12:54 o 5:40
13:49 6:40
13:49 6:49
14:49 14:49 7:49
15:49 7:49
15:49 8:49 | 8:49 9:49
16:49 9:49
16:54 10:49 10:49
17:49 11:49
18:49 11:49
18:49 12:49
19:49 12:54
20:49 20:49 13:49
23:19 13:49 14:49 14
Salo 5:56 6:56 | 8:02 9:03 8:59 9:59 11:59 12:59 12:59 13:59 13:59 14:59 15:59
10:50 11:50 Leppävaara
11:50 12:50 12:54 5:41
13:50 6:41
13:50 6:49
14:50 14:50 7:50
15:50 7:50
15:50 8:50 | 8:50 9:50
16:50 9:50
16:54 10:50 10:50
17:50 11:50
18:50 11:50
18:50 12:50
19:50 12:54
20:50 20:50 13:50
23:20 13:50 14:50 14
Karjaa o 6:26 7:26 | 8:29 9:30 9:26 10:26 12:26 13:26 13:26 14:26 14:26 15:26 16:26
| | Espoo| | 13:07 || || 7:02
| | || || || | || 17:07
| | || || || | | 13:07| | 23:34
| | |
Karjaa 5:43 6:28 6:33 7:28 | 8:31 9:31 9:28 10:28 12:28 12:33 13:28 13:28 14:28 14:28 15:28 16:28 16:33
| | Kirkkonummi
| | 13:23 o 5:58 | 6:58 | 7:18
| | || || || | || 17:23
| | || || || | | 13:23| | 23:50
| | |
Inkoon Apteekki VR bussi : : 6:55 : : : : : : : 12:55 : : : : : : 16:55
| | Kirkkonummi
| | 13:30 5:59 | 6:59 | | 7:30| || || || | || | 17:30
| || || || || | 13:30| 23:50
| | |
Kirkkonummi o 6:16 | 7:23 | | | | | | | 13:23 | | | | | | 17:23
: : Inkoon
: Apteekki
: 13:55 : :
VR bussi :: : 7:55: :: :: :: : :: : 17:55
: :: :: :: :: : 13:55: :: : :
Kirkkonummi 6:17 | 7:37 | | | | | | | 13:37 | | | | | | 17
11:31 12:31 Karjaa
12:31 13:31 14:20
o 6:25
14:31 7:25
14:31 15:31 8:20
15:31 8:35
16:31 8:31
16:31 9:31 | 9:31 10:31
17:31 10:31 11:31
18:20 11:31
18:31 12:31
19:31 12:31
19:31 13:31
20:31 21:31 14:20
21:31 14:31
0:20 14:31 15:31 15
Espoo 6:33 | 7:53 | | | | | | | 13:53 | | | | | | 17
11:32 12:32 Karjaa
12:32 13:32 6:26
14:32 7:26
14:32 15:32 15:32 8:36
16:32 8:32
16:32 9:32 | 9:32 10:32
17:32 10:32 11:32 11:32
18:32 12:32
19:32 12:32
19:32 13:32
20:32 21:32 21:32 14:32 14:32 15:32 15
Leppävaara o 6:40 7:10 8:06 8:10 | 9:12 10:12 10:10 11:10 13:10 14:06 14:10 14:10 15:10 15:10 16:10 17:10 17
11:59 12:59 Salo
12:59 13:59 o 6:56
14:59 8:02
14:59 15:59 15:59 9:03
16:57 8:59
16:57 9:59 | 9:59 10:59
17:59 10:59 11:59 11:59
18:59 12:59
19:59 12:59
19:59 13:59
20:59 21:59 21:59 14:59 14:59 15:59 15
Leppävaara 6:40 7:11 8:06 8:11 | 9:13 10:13 10:11 11:11 13:11 14:06 14:11 14:11 15:11 15:11 16:11 17:11 17
12:01 13:01 Salo
13:01 14:01 6:57
15:01 8:03
15:01 16:01 16:01 9:04
17:01 9:01
17:01 10:01| 10:01 11:01
18:01 11:01 12:01 12:01
19:01 13:01
20:01 13:01
20:01 14:01
21:01 22:01 22:01 15:01 15:01 16:01 16
Pasila o 6:48 7:17 8:13 8:17 8:47 9:19 10:19 10:17 11:17 13:17 14:13 14:17 14:17 15:17 15:17 16:17 17:17 18
12:25 13:25 Kupittaa
13:25 14:25 o 7:28
15:25 8:27
15:25 16:25 16:25 9:28
17:25 9:25
17:25 10:25
17:53 10:25 11:25
18:25 11:25 12:25 12:25
19:25 13:25
20:25 13:25
20:25 14:25
21:25 22:25 22:25 15:25 15:25 16:25 16
Pasila 6:48 7:18 8:13 8:18 8:48 9:20 10:20 10:18 11:18 13:18 14:13 14:18 14:18 15:18 15:18 16:18 17:18 18
12:29 13:29 Kupittaa
13:29 14:29 7:33
15:29 8:29
15:29 16:29 16:29 9:29
17:29 9:29
17:29 10:26
17:54 10:26 11:29
18:29 11:29 12:29 12:29
19:26 13:29
20:31 13:29
20:31 14:29
21:26 22:26 22:26 15:29 15:29 16:29 16
Helsinki o 6:53 7:23 8:18 8:23 8:53 9:25 10:25 10:23 11:23 13:23 14:18 14:23 14:23 15:23 15:23 16:23 17:23 18
12:34 13:34 Turku
13:34 14:34 o 7:38
15:34 8:34
15:34 16:34 16:34 9:34
17:34 9:34
17:34 10:31
17:59 10:31 11:34
18:34 11:34 12:34 12:34
19:31 13:34
20:36 13:34
20:36 14:34
21:31 22:31 22:31 15:34 15:34 16:34 16
Kaukoliikenteen aikataulut 15.12.2019–14.6.2020 (muutokset mahdollisia!)
Turku 7:40 18:04 19:33
Turku satama o 7:47 18:11 19:40
1 TURKU SATAMA–HELSINKI
Turku satama
MERKKIEN SELITYKSET 8:10 8:10 20:18
Turku o 8:17 8:17 20:25
12:25 12:25 13:25 13:25
Turku 14:25 5:25
15:25 6:23
16:25 7:05
16:25 7:29
17:18 8:25
17:25 8:25
18:25 9:25
20:27 11:25
21:22 21:50 12:25 12:25 13:25 13:25 14:25 15:25
12:29 12:29 13:29 13:29
Kupittaa o Kulkupäivät
14:29 5:29
15:29 6:27
16:29 7:09
16:29 7:33
17:22 8:29
17:29 8:29
18:29 9:29 21:26Junatyypit
20:31 11:29 21:54 12:29 12:29 13:29 13:29 14:29 15:29
12:31 12:31 13:31 13:31
Kupittaa M14:31
= maanantai
5:31
15:31 6:29
16:31 7:11
16:31 7:35
17:25 8:31
17:31 8:31
18:31 9:31 21:28AE21:56
20:33 11:31 = Allegro 12:31 12:31 13:31 13:31 14:31 15:31
12:55 12:55 13:55 13:55
Salo o Ti14:55
= tiistai
5:55
15:55 6:53
16:55 16:55
| 7:59
17:55 8:55
17:55 8:55
18:55 9:55 21:52S 22:27
20:57 11:55 = Pendolino 12:55 12:55 13:55 13:55 14:55 15:55
12:59 12:59 13:59 13:59
Salo K14:59
= keskiviikko
5:56
15:59 6:56
16:57 16:59
| 8:02
17:59 9:03
17:59 8:59
18:59 9:59 21:59IC22:28
20:59 11:59 = InterCity 12:59 12:59 13:59 13:59 14:59 15:59
13:26 13:26 14:26 14:26
Karjaa o To = torstai
15:26 6:26
16:26 7:26
17:29 17:26
| 8:29
18:26 9:30
18:26 9:26
19:26 10:26 22:26P 22:53
21:26 12:26 = pikajuna 13:26 13:26 14:26 14:26 15:26 16:26
12:33 13:28 13:28 14:28 14:28
Karjaa P5:43
= perjantai
15:28 6:28
16:28 6:33
16:33 7:28
17:31 17:28
| 8:31
18:28 9:31
18:28 9:28
19:28 10:28 22:28H12:33
21:28 12:28 = taajamajuna
22:55 13:28 13:28 14:28 14:28 15:28 16:28 16:33
12:55 : Apteekki
Inkoon : : bussi:
VR L =: :lauantai
:: 6:55
16:55 :: :: :: :: :: :: : : D, G,: M, R, T, U, Y,
12:55 : Z = lähijuna
: : : : : 16:55
13:23 | |
Kirkkonummi | |o S6:16
=| sunnuntai
|| 7:23
17:23 || || 18:54
| 18:54
| || 21:54
| 22:54
| 13:23
23:21 | | | | | | 17:23
13:37 Kirkkonummi
| | | | 6:17| || 7:37
17:33 | | || 18:55
| 18:55
| || 21:55
| 22:55
| 23:22 13:37 | | | | | | 17
13:53 Espoo
| | | | Muut
6:33| || 7:53
17:49 | | || || || || || || | 13:53 | | | | | | 17
14:06 Leppävaara
14:10 14:10 15:10 15:10 o o6:40
= tuloaika
16:10 7:10
17:10 asemalle (sama
17:56 kuin
8:06 8:10
18:13lähtöaika,
18:10
| jos
9:12 ei erikseen
19:13 10:12 ilmoitettu)
19:13 10:10
20:10 11:10
22:13 13:10
23:13 23:40 14:06 14:10 14:10 15:10 15:10 16:10 17:10 17
14:06 Leppävaara
14:11 14:11 15:11 15:11 |6:40
= juna 7:11
16:11 kulkee pysähtymättä
17:11 17:56 ohitse
8:06 8:11
18:14 18:11
| 9:13
19:14 10:13
19:14 10:11
20:11 11:11
22:14 13:11
23:14 23:41 14:06 14:11 14:11 15:11 15:11 16:11 17:11 17
14:13 Pasila
14:17 14:17 15:17 15:17 o :6:48
= juna 7:17
16:17 kulkee toista kautta
17:17 8:13
18:04 8:17
18:20 8:47
18:17 9:19
19:20 10:19
19:20 10:17
20:17 11:17
22:20 13:17
23:20 23:47 14:13 14:17 14:17 15:17 15:17 16:17 17:17 18
14:13 Pasila
14:18 14:18 15:18 15:18 6:48
16:18 7:18
17:18 8:13
18:04 8:18
18:21 8:48
18:18 9:20
19:21 10:20
19:21 10:18
20:18 11:18
22:21 13:18
23:21 23:49 14:13 14:18 14:18 15:18 15:18 16:18 17:18 18
14:18 Helsinki
14:23 14:23 15:23 15:23 o Huom!
16:23 Taulukoissa
6:53 7:23
17:23 ei8:18
pääsääntöisesti
18:09 8:23
18:26 8:53 ole9:25
18:23 esitetty
19:26 10:25esimerkiksi
19:26 10:23 juhlapyhistä
20:23 11:23
22:26 13:23 ja ratatöistä
23:26 23:57 14:18 14:23 14:23 15:23 15:23 16:23 17:23 18
johtuvia yksittäisiä kulkupäivämuutoksia.
Ä
Mitä keLlo
on?
Ö
Ööö…
17:50.
Onks toI
lauantai-
AIkaTAuLu?
JoO.
MIkä
pysäkKi tÄä
on?
No
rotUAarIn.aukiO.
DaA’a.
Eli… Miten me
päÄstÄäN
KurkelantIELle?
Mitä jos me
myöhäStyTäÄn?
Onks sulLa
yhtÄän rahAa? VoInks
mä laiNata sulta kOlme
eurOo?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 347
6 Selitä reitti parille.
You got the following results from reittiopas.fi. Narrate the route to your partner.
Okei. Me
0. mennään
Hämeentielle.
10:58 Punavuorenkatu 15, Helsinki
Okei.
Kävele 400 m (6 min)
KäVElLÄän Iso
11:05 Iso Roobertinkatu Roobertin-
Raitiovaunu 3 Meilahti kadulle.
3 JoO.
6 pysäkkiä (12 min)
11:17 Hakaniemi Sit oteTAan
Kävele 500 m (7 min)
ratikKa (3) kelLo
11:05.
11:24 Hämeentie 9, Helsinki Aha.
ja sit jäÄdÄän
poIs HakAniemeSsä ja
käveLläÄn
HämeEntielLe.
1. 2.
111 506
6 pysäkkiä (9 min) 14 pysäkkiä (15 min)
13:21 Hauenkallio 17:36 Myllypuro (M)
98 39
2 pysäkkiä (3 min) 8 pysäkkiä (14 min)
10:26 Puolaharju 13:52 Meilahdentie
Kävele 450 m (6 min) Kävele 350 m (5 min)
5. 6.
N 415
11 pysäkkiä (29 min) 4 pysäkkiä (10 min)
08:49 Kerava 11:51 Elielinaukio
Odota (7 min) Kävele 300 m (4 min)
08:56 Kerava laituri 4–6
Z-juna Lahti 11:55 Helsinki
Odota (5 min)
Z
3 pysäkkiä (42 min)
12:01 Helsinki
09:38 Lahti K-juna Kerava
K
2 pysäkkiä (12 min)
12:13 Malmi
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 349
7 Katso lähijunien karttaa ja vastaa kysymyksiin.
Look at the Helsinki area commuter train map on page 351 and answer the
questions. Pay attention to endings (often, they need to match the ending in the
question, e.g. Millä junalla? L-junalla, By what train? By the L train). In the Helsinki
area public transit, commuter train routes are labeled with a capital letter. If the
station has the letter of the train, that means that the train will make a stop there.
For example, the Y, the U, and the L trains would all stop in Kirkkonummi, and
the U and the L would also stop in Tolsa.
sänky
ovi
Eeli
sängyn vieressä.
0. Yö.pöytä on __________________________________________________
1. Muki on _____________________________________________________
2. Sukat on ____________________________________________________
3. Kirjat on_____________________________________________________
4. Avain on_____________________________________________________
5. Taulu on _____________________________________________________
6. Paita on_____________________________________________________
7. Matto on ____________________________________________________
8. Tyyny on ____________________________________________________
9. Pullo on_____________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 353
10
Vastaa suomalaisen kaverin kysymyksiin postpositioilla.
Your Finnish friend is a little lost in Baguio. Answer their questions using postpo-
sitions.
____________________________________________________________
1. Missä Nordic Languages Review Center on?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. Mistä mä voin ostaa hampurilaista review centerin lähellä?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3. Mistä bussit Manilaan lähtee Baguiossa?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
4. Tiedät sä, missä mä voin syödä koiraa?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
5. Missä on Baguion parasta ruokaa?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6. Hei mun pitää ostaa tagalogin oppi.kirja (a textbook). Tiedät sä, missä niitä
myydään?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. Toivottavasti mulla ei oo dengue-kuumetta... Missä mä voin käydä testissä?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
8. Hei tiedätkö sä, missä on joku hyvä baari Baguion keskustassa?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 355
12
Vastaa kaverin kysymyksiin.
Your friend is is a little lost. Tell them what they need to do.
13
Sano suomeksi.
Express a similar idea in Finnish.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 357
16
Täytä aukko suomeksi.
Fill in the gap with the phrase in brackets in Finnish.
[ei-mitään]).
nellä Suomessa.
your car).
cabinet; add the -ltA ending to the postposition to indicate that you wipe the
Ä
Moi!
kans and kaa are col- Ö
loquial versions of the Moi! Sori mä oon
postposition X:n kanssa myöhässä. Mun bussi ei
(with X, page 339) but
in colloquial speech, tullu.
it is also used inter-
changeably with myös
Mun piti kans
to mean too or also. tulla ratikalla, ku
metrossa oli joku
ongelma.
Aijaa?
Ja Anni laittoi just laittaa ~ pistää viesti(ä)
viestii, et se ei heränny (lit. to put a message)
aamulla, ni se tulee means to send a message.
In colloquial speech,
kans myöhässä. it is often used instead
Oho. of the verb lähettää (to
send). For emailing, you
can say laittaa ~ pistää
Joo. Meiän pitää sähköposti(a) (to send an
email).
varmaan odottaa?
Joo. Söit
En. sä jo?
Mulla ei ollu to go out for [food/
aamulla drink] is often ex-
When talking to, giving aikaa. No pressed with mennään
to, or sending something or lähetään Xfood:lle.
mennäänks Mennäänks kahville/ol-
to a person, the recipi-
ent’s name is usually in kahville? uelle/pizzalle/etc.? thus
the -lle case, e.g. minä
Okei. Mä means Wanna go for
puhuin äidille (I talked to laitan Annille a coffee/beer/a pizza/
etc.?
mom). The -lle will be viEstIN.
discussed in unit 9 in
Anna mä hoidan 1.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 359
18
Etsi joku, joka ei tehnyt asiaa.
Walk around and ask past tense questions. Find someone who did not do the
things mentioned in the grid below last week. Ask positive past tense questions
with the verbs in the grid. The verbs are given in the basic form.
Moi!
Moi.
MatkusTIt sä – Hi!
jeEpneylLä vIime – Hi.
viIkoLla? – Did you take a jeep last week?
– Yeah, I did.
JoO, or
matkustin. – No, I didn't.
or
Ei, en
matkustanu.
matkustaa katsoa
tehdä matkustaa
jeepneyllä korealaista
ruokaa bussilla
sarjaa
kuunnella
Spotifyy pestä katsoa syödä
(pronounce it as pyykkiä elokuvaa kanaa
/spo·ti·fai·ta/)
mennä
ottaa selfien nukkua hyvin olla töissä
McDonald’siin
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 361
21
Vastaa kysymyksiin negatiivisesti.
Provide a negative reply.
0. Kävit(kö) sä jo kaupassa?
__En käyny(t) vielä.
__________________________________________________________
1. Annostelit(ko) sä aamun lääkkeet jo?
____________________________________________________________
2. Pesit(kö) sä pyykit jo?
____________________________________________________________
3. Pidit(kö) sä tauon jo?
____________________________________________________________
4. Tää lavuaari (a sink) on tukossa. Soitit sä korjaajalle jo?
____________________________________________________________
5. Vaihdoit(ko) sä Veikonname + n kuulo.laitteeseen paristot jo?
____________________________________________________________
6. Muistit(ko) sä syödä aamu.palaa tänään?
____________________________________________________________
7. Käytit(kö) sä suoja.käsineitä?
____________________________________________________________
8. Tyhjensit(kö) sie roskat jo?
____________________________________________________________
9. Saunotit(ko) sä Sylvinname + n jo?
____________________________________________________________
10. Kirjoitit(ko) sä raportin jo?
____________________________________________________________
11. Autoit(ko) sä Minttuaname + A aamu.pesuissa jo?
____________________________________________________________
12. Rasvasit(ko) sä Olavinname + n kädet jo? (rasvata, to apply lotion)
____________________________________________________________
22
Sano jotain seuraavissa tilanteissa.
Say something in the following scenarios.
1. You did not quite understand what your boss was saying.
____________________________________________________________
2. You are explaining to an Austrian tourist who asked for directions that they
just missed the last downtown-bound subway train and need to take a night
bus (yö.bussi) instead.
____________________________________________________________
3. You have a great explanation for why you did not do your homework.
____________________________________________________________
0. Söit(kö) sä jo?
En syöny.
____________________________________________________________
1. Kävit sä suihkussa jo?
____________________________________________________________
2. Veit sä roskat jo?
____________________________________________________________
3. Pääsit sä töistä jo?
____________________________________________________________
4. Tuliks se bussi jo?
____________________________________________________________
5. Loppuks se leffa jo?
____________________________________________________________
6. Tilasit sä jo?
____________________________________________________________
7. Latasit sä (did you top up) matka.kortin jo?
____________________________________________________________
8. Ostit sie liput jo?
____________________________________________________________
9. Teit sä kotitehtävät jo?
____________________________________________________________
10. Sato(i)ks siellä? (Was it raining out there?)
____________________________________________________________
11. Lähtiks Mary jo?
____________________________________________________________
12. Kat(s)oit sen leffan jo?
____________________________________________________________
13. Laitoit sä pyykkikoneen päälle?
____________________________________________________________
14. Tyhjensit sä roskat kylpyhuoneessa?
____________________________________________________________
15. Oliks sulla jo lääkäri.aika (a doctor appointment)?
____________________________________________________________
16. Pitiks sun vaihtaa junaa (transfer to another train)?
____________________________________________________________
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 363
24
Vastaa negatiivisesti ja kerro syy.
Provide a negative reply and provide a reason. Either come up with your own
reason or use the suggestions in brackets.
ext
You can disagree strongly by either using ei + -kA to counter
a positive utterance, or the enclitic particle -pAs after a verb ra
to counter a negative utterance. Another way for the latter is to
repeat the main verb.
examples
– Sä puhut kiinaa, eiks nii? You speak Chinese, right?
– Enkä puhu. No I don’t.
– Et sä oikeesti puhu koreaa. You don’t really speak Korean.
– Puhunpas! / Puhun puhun! Yes I do!
These work when the interlocutor has stated something you do not think is
entirely true. Your reply might come off as rude, depending on delivery.
In the task above, these two strategies are used for the sake of having a
natural-sounding context for turning past tense statements from positive to
negative and vice versa.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 365
26
Kuuntele kuulutukset ja kirjoita lähtöajat ja raiteet tai laiturit.
Listen to the announcements and write down departure times and tracks or plat-
forms.
27
Kuuntele dialogit ja kirjoita, miten kaukana puhuja on.
Listen to the dialogs and write down how far the speaker is.
28
Kuuntele dialogit ja kirjoita, mitä puhuja ei tehnyt.
Listen to the dialogs and write down what one of the speakers did not do.
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
1. tyyny.liinat
pillow cases
2. peitot
blankets
3. alus.lakanat
bottom sheets
4. pussi.lakanat
duvet covers
5. käsi.pyyhkeet
hand towels
6. vuoteen.suojat
[disposable] bed covers
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 367
30
Kuuntele dialogit ja merkitse, missä esineet ovat.
Listen to the dialogs and mark where the things are.
ylä.kaappi
top cabinet
kansio
a folder
(from kansi, a cover [of a book]; a deck [of a ship])
ylä.laatikko
top drawer
ala.kaappi
bottom cabinet
ala.laatikko
bottom drawer
1. veitset
knives
2. käsi.pyyhkeet
paper towels ~ hand towels
3. tiski.aine
dish soap
4. Marjatanname + n muki
Marjatta’s mug
5. rulla teippiä
a roll of tape
6. pullo käsi.desiä
a bottle of hand sanitizer
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 369
32
Vastaa kysymyksiin totuudenmukaisesti.
Answer the questions truthfully in positive or negative past tense.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Unit 8 371
Answers
unit 1 7. kiva ~ mukava
8. ulkomaalainen (literal
– Yeah, see you! Bye bye!
– Bye bye!
Exercise 1 translation would be ame-
1. – Who is that? rikkalainen) Exercise 14
– He/She is Jessie. 9. huume – Where are you from?
– Who is that? 10. appelsiini – I'm from the Philippines.
– He's... ummm... Chris. – Really? Do you live in
– How about that one? Exercise 9 Manila?
– Umm... I don't know. 1. Potilas on vanha (old). – No, I live in Baguio.
2. – Hi. Potilas ei ole vuori – Okay. What language do
– Hi. (young). you speak?
– My name is Laura. 2. Potilas on rikas (rich). – Well, I speak some English
– I'm Mikael. Potilas ei ole köyhä (poor). and Ibaloi and Ilocano...
3. – See you! Bye bye! 3. Osasto on likainen (dirty). and some Tagalog and
– Bye bye. Osasto ei ole puhdas very little Finnish.
(clean). – Cool!
Exercise 2 4. Potilas on iloinen (happy). – How about you?
1. C Potilas ei ole surullinen – I speak Finnish and
2. B (sad). English. And very little
3. A 5. Drinkki ~ Juoma on kylmä Swedish.
(cold). – Where do you live?
Exercise 4 Drinkki ei ole kuuma (hot) – I live in Helsinki.
1. an aorta / lämmin (warm). – Okay.
2. a defibrillator 6. Vessa on pimeä (dark).
3. Spain Vessa ei ole valoisa 1. ...Mä oon Filippiineiltä. – –
4. The Philippines (bright; well-lit). Eiku mä asun Davaossa.
5. physical therapy ...Mä oon Kanadasta. – –
6. a hamburger Exercise 10 Ei ku mä asun Vancouve-
7. history 1. Potilas on shokissa (in rissa.
8. Japan shock) / tajuton (uncons- ...Mä oon Kiinasta. – –
9. a cannula cious) Eiku mä asun Shanghaissa.
10. the Internet 2. aggressiivinen (aggressive)
11. a parking spot / a parking / pahan.tuulinen (in the 2. ...Mä asun Jyväskylässä.
lot bad mood) ...Mä asun Sipoossa.
12. a printer 3. väsynyt (tired) / uninen ...Mä asun Kittilässä.
13. a pupil (part of an eye; not (sleepy)
a student) 4. itkeskelevä (crying, wee- Exercise 15
14. a report ping) – Hi.
15. a recipe 5. masentunut (depressed) – Oh hi.
16. sauna – Where are you?
Exercise 11 – At work.
Exercise 6 – Hi! – Where's Laura?
Words below are in the basic – Hi! – I don't know.
form. – How are you? – She's not replying to my
1. kestää / säilyä – Good. How about you? message.
viime – Pretty good. – Oh...
2. kävely (noun) – Where are you from? – Maybe she's in the shower.
kävellä (verb) – I'm from Baguio.
3. ehto – Oh, okay. 1. ...Huomenta.
kunto – Yeah. How about you? ...Iltaa.
4. kirja – I'm from Bontoc. 2. ...SM:ssä
varata – Okay, cool! My name is ...Burnham Parkissa
5. soittaa Abby. ...Angelesissa
pelata – I'm Tomás. ...kotona
6. pippuri ... 3. Missä Matias / Anni /
paprika – See you! Virve / Heli on?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 1 373
Exercise 28 3. Mulla oli flunssa eilen. Exercise 40
The place can be anything in 4. Meillä on loma ensi vii- 1. kolme / tasan kolme
the box, and the time can be kolla. 2. puoli kahdeksan
whatever you want. 5. Sillä on synttärit maali- 3. kymmenen vaille kaksi
1. Mä meen sairaalaan tiis- kuussa. 4. kuusi
taina. 6. Niillä on aamuvuoro huo- 5. kaksitoista
2. Sä meet vessaan aamulla. menna. 6. puoli neljä
3. Se menee Turkuun kesä- 7. viisi yli kaksi
kuussa. Exercise 33 8. varttia yli yksitoista
4. Me mennään Ruotsiin 1. Se on lokakuussa. 9. varttia vaille seitsemän
viikonloppuna. 2. Kokous oli viime viikolla. 10. kakskytkolme yli yhdeksän
5. Te meette La Unioniin 3. Bileet on viikonloppuna. 11. kakskyt yli yksitoista
lauantaina. 4. Kurssi on arkipäivänä / 12. kaksikymmentä vaille viisi
6. Ne menee kirkkoon klo viikolla.
10. 5. Baguio Charter Day on Exercise 41
syyskuussa. 1. kymmeneltä / kello kym-
Exercise 29 6. Mun synttärit on kesällä. menen (What time does
1. Mä oon Laoagissa viikon- the [assistant] nurse do
loppuna. Exercise 34 cleaning?)
2. Sä oot Grumpy Joessa 1. Miten menee? / Mitä 2. kolmelta / kello kolme
huomenna. kuuluu? (What time is bingo?)
3. Se on jeepneyssä nyt 2. Missä sä oot? 3. kahdelta / kello kaksi
(now). 3. Mistä presidentti Duterte (What time does the nurse
4. Me ollaan review centeris- on kotoisin? do/handle PEG feeding?)
sä keskiviikkona. 4. Mitä a blood sample 4. yhdeksältä / kello yhdek-
5. Te ootte Vaasassa talvella. tarkoittaa? / Mitä a blood sän (What time does the
6. Ne on baarissa illalla. sample on suomeksi? nurse put on compression
5. This can be anything since stockings [for a resident]?)
Exercise 30 the answer is I don't know.
1. Mä tuun kirjastosta klo 12. Exercise 42
2. Se tuut Bicolista huomen- Exercise 35 Yhdeksältä / Kello 9 mä oon
na. Hi. I am [name]. I am your kotona (at home).
3. Se tulee Manilasta tammi- new employee. I am from 12:30 mä oon [Mang] Inasa-
kuussa. [place], the Philippines. I lissa.
4. Me tullaan Vietnamista currently live in [place + ssA]. 17:10 mulla on suomen kurssi.
ylihuomenna. I am X years old. I speak [lan- 21:00 mulla on yövuoro. Mä
5. Te tuutte keskustasta guages + A] and some Finnish. oon sairaalassa.
kohta (soon). Mulla on aikaa 12:30–15:00 (I
6. Ne tulee Hämeenlinnasta Exercise 37 have time between 12:30 and
torstaina. 1. E.g. Sen passin numero on 3pm).
PF128472.
Exercise 31 Se on Maria Virtanen. Exercise 43
1. Mä käyn Tarlacissa heinä- Se on Suomesta. 1. banaani on keltainen
kuussa. Se on 33 vuotta vanha. 2. appelsiini on oranssi
2. Sä käyt ravintolassa per- Se on suomalainen. 3. Filippiinien lippu (the
jantaina. Se on Turusta (from Philippine flag) on sininen,
3. Se käy leffassa huomenna. Turku). valkoinen, keltainen ja
4. Me käydään Oulussa ke- punainen
väällä (in the spring). Exercise 39 4. Kiinan lippu on punainen
5. Te käytte Cebussa lomalla 1. E.g. Mikä sun etunimi on? ja keltainen
(on vacation). What's your first name? 5. Pikachu on keltainen ja
6. Ne käy Hong Kongissa 2. Mikä sun osoite on? ruskea
huhtikuussa. What's your address? 6. popcorn on valkoinen
3. Mikä sun puhelinnumero 7. rakkaus on punainen /
Exercise 32 on? pinkki
Answers are in colloquial What's your phone num- 8. ninja on musta (or näky-
Finnish. ber? mätön, invisible, if they are
1. Mulla on töitä maanan- 4. Mikä sun sukupuoli on? a really good ninja...)
taina. What's your sex? 9. 200 peson seteli on vihreä
2. Mulla on iltavuoro sunnun- 10. talvi on valkoinen (Suo-
taina. messa)
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 1 375
6. Olli on meidän opettaja. 2. Mitä libro on suomeks? – Sillä on loma.
7. Sä oot mun kaveri. What is libro in Finnish? – Aijaa.
8. Mun työkaveri kysyi Mä luulen, et se on kirja. – Joo. Se on varmaan Filip-
multa... I think it's kirja. piineillä.
9. Mikä sen pomon numero 3. Mitä kello on?
on? (What time is it?) – Hey...
10. Tää on mun kanava, toi- 4. Asutko sä Suomessa? – Huh?
vottavasti seuraatte. (Do you live in Finland?) – Where's Mikaela?
5. Sä oot tosi kiva. – She's on vacation.
Exercise 54 (You are really nice.) – Oh.
1. 3 – Yeah. She's probably in the
– Mitä nää maksaa? Exercise 56 Philippines.
– Noi mansikat? 1. Anni – kipsi – töissä
– Joo. – Moi. 4. Joona – aamutakki – suih-
– Ne on kolme euroa per – Moi. kussa
litra. – Hei kuulit sä, että Annilla – Hei missä mun aamutakki
on kipsi jalassa. on?
– What do these cost? – Ai mitä? – Mä luulen, et Joonalla on
– Those strawberries? – Nii. Annilla on kipsi jalassa. se.
– Yeah. – Miks? – Aijaa. Missä Joona on?
– They are 3 euros per liter. – Se kaatu töissä. – Se on suihkussa.
– Aijaa. Voi ei. – Aha.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 2 377
– Where’s my shirt? The red 10. Are you depressed? (lit. 3. a
one. Do you have a depression?) 4. e
– I don’t know... 11. Do you have a hobby? E.g. 5. c
Joo, mä harrastan luke-
1. Say the times out loud. mista. Exercise 17
2. ...sataa vettä 12. Do you have eyeglasses? 1. i / f
...tosi tuulista 2. g
...sataa lunta Exercise 13 3. h
...miinus 12 astetta 1. Oletko sinä filippiiniläinen? 4. f
3. ...sininen paita 2. Oletko sinä kiva? 5. j
...keltainen paita 3. Oletko sinä sairas?
...musta pipo 4. Oletko sinä sairaanhoitaja? Exercise 18
...vihreä takki 5. Asutko sinä Baguiossa? 1. l
6. Menetkö sinä illalla töihin? 2. k
Exercise 11 7. Onko sinulla iso perhe? 3. m
– Where are you from? 8. Onko sinulla sisko? 4. n
– I’m from Mindanao. 9. Onko sinulla veli?
– I see. Are you a Muslim? 10. Onko sinulla masennus? Exercise 19
– No. Are you? 11. Onko sinulla joku harras- Answers are just examples.
– No. tus? 1. Oletko sinä lääkäri?
– Okay... 12. Onko sinulla silmälasit? A: No, I am a nurse.
– Do you live in Davao? 2. Syötkö sinä lihaa?
– Yeah. Exercise 14 A: No. I am a vegetarian.
– Is it a nice city? 1. E.g. Asutko sä East Quiriño 3. Harrastatko sinä liikuntaa?
– Well, yeah.... It’s okay. It’s Hillissä? (or any place but A: Yes. I go to the gym and
really big. Where are you Camp 7 because the an- run.
from? swer is No, I live in Camp 4. Oletko sinä naimisissa?
– I’m from San Fernando. 7.) A: No. I am still single.
– Pampanga? 2. Onks nyt maanantai? 5. Onko sinulla lemmikki(ä)
– No, La Union. (Answer: Yeah, it’s Mon- / kissa / koira / [any pet]?
– Oh? Cool! Is your hobby day now.) A: No. I do not have a pet.
surfing? 3. Tuleeks juna klo 21:00? 6. Juotko sinä Red Horsea?
– Yes! How about you? (A: No, the train comes at A: No thank you. I’m an
– No. My hobby is long- 22:30.) absolutist.
boarding. 4. Onks Lex Viganista? 7. Menetkö sinä baariin
– Well it’s almost the same (A: Yes, Lex is from Vigan.) tänään?
thing. 5. Any yes–no question since A: I cannot go to a bar
– Well... no it isn’t. the answer is, Ummm, today because I have work
yeah. Maybe.) tomorrow.
Exercise 12 6. E.g. Onks sun äiti protes-
1. Are you a Filipino? E.g. Joo, tantti? (Is your mom a Pro- Exercise 20
mä oon filippiiniläinen. testant? A: She’s Catholic.) 1. Onks sillä korkea kuume?
2. Are you nice? E.g. Joo, mä 2. Oot(ko) sä vihainen?
oon tosi (really)kiva. Exercise 15 3. Puhutteks te saksaa?
3. Are you sick? E.g. Joo, mä 1. Moi. 4. Olit(ko) sä review cente-
oon sairas. / En. 2. Mä oon... rissä tänään?
4. Are you a nurse? E.g. Joo, 3. Kuka sä oot? 5. Sataaks (siel) vettä?
mä oon sairaanhoitaja. 4. Missä sä asut nyt? 6. Onks tää oikein?
5. Do you live in Baguio? E.g. 5. Mistä yleensä syöt siellä? 7. Onks sulla aikaa?
Joo, mä asun Baguiossa. 6. Missä sä oot töissä? 8. Onks sulla rahaa?
/ En. 7. Mitä sä harrastat? 9. Näet(kö) sä? (the basic
6. Do you have work in the 8. Paljon kello on? ~ Mitä form of the verb is nähdä)
evening? ~ Are you going kello? 10. Opiskelet(ko) sä tarpeek-
to work in the evening? 9. Sori, mut mun pitää men- si?
E.g. Joo, mä meen töihin. nä, koska... e.g. mulla on
7. Do you have a big fami- iltavuoro. Exercise 21
ly? E.g. Joo, mulla on iso 10. Moi moi! 1. Missä sinä olet?
perhe. / Ei. Where are you?
8. Do you have a sister? Exercise 16 2. Tiedätkö sinä, mikä tämä
9. Do you have a brother? 1. b on?
2. d Do you know what this is?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 2 379
9. Meneeks Amanda kirk- Exercise 37 8. Mä tsekkaan ensin Face-
koon sunnuntaina? 1. käyn bookin aamulla.
10. Juoks se kahvia? ostan
11. Onks ne Baguiossa viikon- pesen Exercise 40
loppuna? tulee / tulevat Answers given here the ques-
12. Matti syö omenaa. pelataan / pelaamme tion you would ask another
13. Muistat(ko) sä? 2. vie person (e.g. Do you go to
14. Tuut(ko) sä töistä? kävelee SM?). You would reply in first
15. Potilaat katsoo / katsovat riisuu person (e.g. Yes, I’ll go to SM).
televisiota. pesee The yes–no question tag is in
16. Me tanssitaan / Me tans- puhuu brackets because it is optional
simme huomenna. lukee in second-person singular (sä)
17. Mitä sä teet? menee / menevät yes–no questions in colloquial
18. Onks Sonjalla silmälasit? 3. juo / juovat Finnish.
syö / syövät 1. Tanssit(ko) sä hyvin?
Exercise 34 puhuvat (or ne puhuu) 2. Harrastat(ko) sä shakkia?
1. Me opiskellaan NLRC:ssä. istuu / istuvat 3. Juot(ko) sä liikaa kahvia?
2. Me hengataan kahvilassa. katsoo / katsovat 4. Ostat(ko) sä tänään
3. Me syödään Grumpy 4. hoitaa ruokaa?
Joessa. raportoi 5. Tykkäät(kö) sä balutista?
4. Me tullaan puoli kolmelta. katetroi 6. Puhut(ko) sä tagalogia?
5. Me facebookataan. tarkkailee 7. Harrastat(ko) sä juoksua?
6. Me katetroidaan. annostelee 8. Käyt(kö) sä aina kirkossa?
7. Me rukoillaan messussa antaa 9. Matkustat(ko) sä tänään
(in a mass). bussilla?
8. Me katsotaan elokuvaa Exercise 38 10. Tykkäät(kö) sä Baguiosta?
(we are watching a movie). 1. arvioi 11. Oot(ko) sä töissä nyt?
2. lihoo 12. Kuuntelet(ko) sä suoma-
Exercise 35 3. poistaa laista musiikkia? (Do you
1. sairaalassa 4. suojaa listen to Finnish music?)
ravintolaan 5. valmistaa / valmistavat 13. Matkustat(ko) sä taksilla
2. ravintolasta 6. vien usein?
baariin 7. pesee / pesevät 14. Syöt(kö) sä viikonloppu-
3. baarissa 8. tuon na ravintolassa? (Are you
kotiin 9. kutsuu going to eat at a restaurant
4. yövuorosta 10. nousee on the weekend?)
11. kirjataan / kirjaamme 15. Harrastat(ko) sä valoku-
Exercise 36 12. menee / menevät vausta?
Answers are just examples. ne kävelee / he kävelevät 16. Asut(ko) sä La Trinida-
1. Mitä sä teet keskiviikkona? dissa?
A: I’ll be at work on Exercise 39 17. Juot(ko) sä tänään mai-
Wednesday. Answers are just examples. toa? (Are you going to
2. Monelta sä tuut töistä? The position of sit and ensin drink milk today?)
A: I’ll come from at 3pm. is not fixed. Preferably, put 18. Opiskelet(ko) sä paljon?
3. Missä sä asut? them after a verb or at the (Do you study a lot?)
A: I live in Pinget, Baguio. beginning or the end of the
4. Mihin sä meet illalla? sentence. Exercise 41
A: I’ll go to Oh My Gulay 1. Mä juon ensin kahvia ja sit Minä olen Pekka. Minä olen
(a restaurant in Baguio). käyn suihkussa. Suomesta. Minä puhun
5. Puhutko sä saksaa? 2. Mä facebookkaan ensin ja suomea, englantia ja vähän
A: No. sit syön aamupalaa. espanjaa. Nyt minä asun
6. Onks sulla koira? 3. Mä syön ensin aamupalaa Tampereella, mutta minun äiti
A: No, I only have a cat. ja sit pesen hampaat. asuu Helsingissä ja minun isä
7. Laulat(ko) sä aina? 4. Mä käyn ensin suihkussa ja asuu Espoossa. Minun äiti oli
A: Yes! I sing all the time. pukeudun sitten. lääkäri, mutta se on nyt eläk-
8. Voit(ko) sä auttaa? (Can 5. Mä pukeudun endin ja keellä. Isä on työtön. Minun
you help?) meen sit review centeriin. veli on MTA:n metrokuski
A: Yes, I’m not in a hurry. I 6. Mä opiskelen ensin suo- New Yorkissa. Kun minulla on
can help. men kurssilla ja sit syön loma, minä matkustan joskus
9. Mihin te meette? budget mealia (meal + A). Amerikkaan, ja sitten minä ja
A: We’ll go to KFC maybe. 7. Mä meen kotiin illalla. minun veli menemme katso-
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 2 381
– Monelta sä meet töihin? – Come here often? 3. What song do you not
– Seitsemältä. Mulla on – Yeah. Pretty often. like?
aamuvuoro. – Okay. Do you like this E.g. My Waystä.
– Mä meen kanssa (also, song? 4. What kind of woman /
too; with) aamulla töihin. – It’s okay. man do you like?
– Okei. – Yeah. I like this one too... E.g. Rehellisestä naisesta /
– Me voidaan mennä mun I’m Janne. miehestä.
autolla. – Katri. 5. What kind of woman /
– Kiva. – What drink do you like? I man do you not like?
can treat you. E.g. Epä.rehellisestä…
– What time are you going – Sorry, I’m waiting for my 6. What kind of music do you
to work ~ heading out to husband. like?
work? E.g. Mä tykkään gos-
– At seven. I have a morning – Hey, look. pel-musiikista.
shift. – Huh? 7. Whom ~ What person do
– I’ll go to work in the morn- – Which one do you like? you not like?
ing, too. This or this? E.g. Mä en tykkää mun
– Okay. – That red one is better. serkusta (a cousin + -stA).
– We can take my car. (lit. – I think this green one. 8. Which car make do you
We can go by my car.) – Well, if you like the green like the most?
– Nice. one, buy the green one. E.g. Mä tykkään FX:stä.
– Okay. I’ll order this green 9. Which athlete do you like?
4. one. E.g. Mä tykkään Manny
– Hei. Pacquiaosta.
– No? – Which Filipino food do you 10. Do you like books or films
– Voit sä auttaa vähän? like? more?
– Joo. – Bicol express is good. E.g. Mä tykkään eloku-
– Viedään nää lautaset – Yeah! And do you like vasta.
keittiöön. balut? 11. Which historic figure do
– Okei. – No. But one day old is you not like?
– Kiitti. okay. E.g. Mä en tykkää Aguinal-
– Haha, I don’t want to eat dosta.
– Hey. it.
– Yes? Exercise 4
– Can you help a little? Exercise 2 1. Mä tykkään susta.
– Yeah. 1. Do you like alcohol? 2. Se ei tykkää musta.
– Let’s take these plates to E.g. Joo./ En. 3. Kenestä sä tykkäät?
the kitchen. 2. Whom do you like a lot? 4. Me tykätään oluesta (olut
– Okay. E.g. Mun perheestä (my : olue-) ~ kaljasta.
– Thanks. family). 5. Filippiiniläiset tykkää(vät)
3. Do you like dogs or cats lechonista.
Exercise 51 more? 6. Tykkäät(kö) sä Red Hor-
1. Hei, anteeks, mitä kello E.g. Koirista. sesta?
on? 4. What [things] do you not 7. Ne ei tykkää sokerista. /
Hey, excuse, what time is like in the Philippines? He eivät tykkää sokerista.
it? E.g. Mä en tykkää ruuh- 8. Suomalaiset tykkää(vät)
2. Hei, onks tänään keski- kasta (congestion ~ traffic saunasta.
viikko? jams). 9. Tykkäät(kö) sä tästä
Hey is it Wednesday today? 5. [any question] väristä?
3. Hei, anteeks, mut missä 6. Millaisesta jäätelöstä sä 10. Mindy tykkää Mariasta.
me ollaan? tykkäät (What kind of ice 11. Mary ei tykkää Mindystä.
Hey, excuse, but where are cream do you like)? 12. Tykkäät(kö) sä kahvista
we? E.g. Mä tykkään ube-jää- vai teestä?
telöstä. 13. Millaisesta musiikista sä
unit 3 tykkäät?
Exercise 3 14. Mistä sä et tykkää Ba-
Exercise 1 1. Do you like basketball? guiossa?
– Hi. E.g. Joo. / En. 15. Et(kö) sä tykkää tästä?
– Hi. 2. What movie do you like a
– I like your style. lot? E.g. Wonder Wom-
– Thanks. anista.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 3 383
5. Do you like hanging 7. erämaassa (in the wilder- 6. c
around town? ness) I’m from Lapland [the
E.g. Joo. / En. 8. Pub Rosetissa northernmost province
9. Finnairissa ~ Finnairilla of Finland]. I like being
Exercise 15 10. Onnibusissa out in the wilds (lit. in the
1. Mä en tykkää koulusta. 11. maatila nature). That’s why this is
2. Mä en mee kouluun aa- 12. Oulun Laki Oy a good profession for me.
mulla. (oy = osakeyhtiö = inc. ~
3. Mä en syö lihaa. ltd.) Exercise 21
4. Mitä sä et tee viikonlop-
ammatti millainen mitä tarvii (needs what)
puna?
5. Pekka ei oo lääkäri. kattila, liesi, ainekset,
kokki tosi kiireinen
6. Mä en käy kaupassa. reseptit
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 3 385
– Okay. – mä käyn kaupassa (I’ll go 30. tupakoidaan / tupakoim-
to the store) me
3.
– Onks toi kans sun serkku? – mä katson unit 4
– Toi? Ei oo. Se on mun – mä luen
serkun vaimo. – mä kuntoilen / mä liikun "A visit to the doctor" on
– Okei. – mä pelaan page 160
– Se on joku ravintola.pääl- – mä meen 1.
likkö kai. – Dela Cruz!
– Ahaa. Exercise 37 – Hello.
Me mennään perjantaina La – Hi. Come in.
– Is that your cousin too? Unioniin. Me päästään sinne
– That one? No. She’s my bussilla. Perjantaina me surf- 2.
cousin’s wife. fataan kaks(i) tuntia. Sitten – What is your [queuing]
– Okay. me syödään illallista hyvässä number?
– She’s some restaurant ravintolassa. Me tykätään – 46.
manager, I think. nukkua pitkään, mutta me – Soon...
– Oh. herätään lauantaina ajoissa.
Me halutaan nauttia koko 3.
4. päivästä. Me matkusteta- – Hi. I have an appointment
– No kuka toi on? an vesiputouksille ja (me) at 10:15.
– Kuka? otetaan siellä paljon valokuvia. – Okay. Room 128. You can
– Toi iso mies. Sunnuntaina me tullaan takai- sit and wait here in the
– Se on mun setä. sin Baguioon. lobby.
– Onks se poliisi?
– Ei. Exercise 38 4.
– Vartija? 1. ratsastetaan – Do we need a queuing
– Ei. 2. tykätään number?
– Sotilas? 3. telttaillaan – Yeah. Probably.
– No ei. Se on tarjoilija. 4. grillataan
– No höh. 5. tarvitaan Mutual Agreement, page
6. ostan 163
– Who is that? 7. maksaa 1.
– Who? mä tarvi(tse)n – When is your doctor's
– That big guy. 8. lämpenee (etA type verb) appointment?
– He’s my uncle. 9. siivotaan – It's on Thursday at 10.
– Is he a cop? 10. imuroi – Okay.
– No. tiskaan
– A [security] guard? vien 2.
– No. 11. tullaan / tulemme – What time do you have
– A soldier? 12. pyöräilen work on Monday?
– Well no. He’s a waiter. 13. urheilen – Afternoon shift. I have
– Oh bummer. 14. saunon time for a physical thera-
15. herään pist at 12.
Exercise 34 meen / menen – Okay.
These are just the verbs in- 16. soi
flected in first-person singular. 17. käytte 3.
– mä herään 18. puhutaan – The meeting is at 2pm.
– mä tsekkaan juodaan Does that work for you?
– mä syön 19. menevät naimisiin – Yeah that works just fine.
– mä käyn suihkussa (I’ll 20. eroavat
take a shower) 21. paistaa 4.
– mä teen 22. paistan – Is it okay with you if we
23. tuulee go to Manila on Friday
– mä oon töissä kylmenee already?
– mä syön 24. laitan – What time?
– mä pidän tauon (I’ll have 25. muistaa – At some point in the
a break) 26. valitsee morning.
– mä henggaan 27. tarjoan – It doesn't work because I
28. häiritsee have MRI at 10.
29. osaan
– Does the weekend work? Last name First names Social security number
– Saturday works. Sunday
doesn't. Address Zip code ~ Postal code Postal region (the city)
– On Saturday then.
Professio Phone Email
Indicate where you are feeling the pain (lit. Draw into the
1. Haluut sä... picture where the pain is). Date
...pelata koripalloo? ______________________
...mennä Jollibeehen? Signature
...kuntoilla / liikkua? ______________________
2. Sori. Mä oon...
...sairaalassa.
...hammaslääkärissä.
...työterveydessä.
3. Here, you can change the
adjective for the line from
pitkä (long) to something
else, depending on how Exercise 3 6. – Do you have an allergy?
far the numbers are apart. 1. – How’s your medication? – Yes. I’m allergic to fish.
– I take Lisinopril Orion (the thing you’re allergic
because I have a high to needs -lle)
blood pressure. (Onko sinulla…)
(In the form: Käytät- 7. – Where do you work?
kö säännöllisesti jotain – I’m an assistant nurse.
lääkettä?) (Ammatti)
2. – Do you smoke? 8. – What is your problem? ~
– No. Well, actully… some- What kind of issue do you
times. have?
(Tupakoitko?) – My left arm/hand is
3. – How tall are you? really sore.
– Around 150 cm. (Piirrä kuvaan…)
(Pituus)
4. – Are you healthy? / Do Exercise 5
you think you’re in good 1. flunssa
health? 2. bronkiitti / keuhko.put-
– Well… pretty healthy. kentulehdus
(Millainen sinun tervey- 3. ruoka.myrkytys
dentila on?) 4. kuume(tta)
5. – Is everything okay? 5. keuhko.syöpä
– I think I’ll have a mi- 6. haava
graine [attack] soon… 7. nilkka
(Onko sinulla…) 8. nivel
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 4 387
9. selkä.ranka 8. A young woman travels to 1. Rest.
10. jalka India. She eats street food. – What is your issue?
11. olka.pää The next day, she has a – Knee is a little sore.
12. oikea käsi.varsi / käsi high fever and bad a case – Okay.
13. korva of diarrhea. 2. Call 112.
14. polvi (salmonella) – Aaaaa, my chest.
15. pää 9. An entrepreneur travels – Sit down. ~ Have a seat.
from Germany to China. 3. Call / go to ER.
Exercise 6 They can’t sleep. They try – How are you doing?
This tasks uses the partitive to exercise outside but it – I still have fever.
ending (page 211). doesn’t help. – Still?
1. Mummon alaselkää sär- (aikaerorasitus; jet lag) – Yeah. 39 degrees for
kee. 10. A mosquito stung a Filipi- three days.
Heidillä on niska kipeä. no pupil during rainy sea- 4. No problem.
2. Isoäidin lonkkaa särkee. son. Five days later, they – Do we have a bandage?
Mulla on lihakset kipeet have a high fver. Their – Huh?
treenin jälkeen. eyes are sore, head hurts, – I have a paper cut on my
3. Mun viisaudenhammasta and joints are sore. finger.
särkee. (denguekuume) 5. Call / go to ER. / Call 112.
Miks sulla on pää kipeä? – Are you okay?
Exercise 8 – No… My head suddenly
Exercise 7 1. niska hurts.
1. An elderly woman doesn’t 2. vatsa – Wow.
recognize her children. 3. särkee
Speaking is difficult. 4. nuha Exercise 11
(Alzheimerin tauti) 5. keuhkoputkentulehdus 1. Sillä on kyynärpää kipeä.
2. A woman eats pizza with 6. ihottuma 2. Onks sulla hammas kipeä?
lots of cheese. An hour 7. hammasta 3. Mulla on kurkku kipeä.
later, she is suffering from 8. oksettaa 4. Onks sulla alaselkä kipeä
flatulence (laktoosi-intol- 9. ripuli tänään?
eranssi) 10. korvatulehdus 5. Mulla on ranne kipeä.
3. A man’s head hurts. His 6. Jonnalla on korva kipeä.
mouth is dry. Urine is Exercise 9 7. Sillä ei oo~ole polvi kipeä
yellow. He is tired. 1. Marjatta has pain in the enää (enää could also go
(krapula; hangover) lower limbs. after ei or oo).
4. A boy has fever. Swallow- 2. Does Unto still have a 8. Mulla on pää kipeä.
ing causes pain. Lymph fever?
nodes in his neck are 3. My friend’s ankle is Exercise 12
swollen. sprained. A sports injury. 1. Abigail’s ear hurts.
(angiina) 4. Raili’s hip is hurting again. 2. My knee hurts again.
5. A resident is often tired 5. I had some fever yester- 3. Does your leg hurt?
and aggrevated after day, but today my tem- 4. Does your head hurt?
eating. They also complain perature is only a little
that their legs hurt elevated. Exercise 13
(2-tyypin diabetes) 6. The boss has a hangover 1. Onks sulla kuume(tta)?
6. 60-year-old man com- again. 2. Ilmarilla on korva.tuleh-
plains that breathing is 7. Does [your] lower back dus.
difficult when he exercis- hurt? Is your nape still 3. Matilla ei oo~ole sukupuo-
es. He coughs a lot painful (lit. stuck)? litautia.
(keuhkoahtauma) 8. Have a Burana so you can 4. Asukkaalla on diabetes.
7. A young man usually sleep. 5. Onks sulla masennus?
sleeps all day. He doesn’t 6. Eilalla on sydän.sairaus ~
feel like going to school, Exercise 10 sydän.tauti.
exercise, or meet his The options are 7. Onks sulla krapula huo-
friends. – no problem / do nothing menna?
(masennus; depression) – rest 8. Isoäidillä on Alzheimerin
– call / go to ER tauti.
– call the emergency num- 9. Onks sillä sinuiitti?
ber 10. Onks sulla vatsa kipeä?
Exercise 18
1. sormessa
2. suussa
3. päässä
4. päässä / korvassa
5. päässä
6. sormessa / varpaassa
7. käsivarressa
8. ihossa ~ iholla
9. Do you have a tattoo?
Where?
10. Do you have a piercing?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 4 389
Exercise 24 2. What are you not allowed 6. Mä haluun mennä ratikal-
Almost any verb would work. to do at home? la.~ Minä haluan mennä
1. laulaa 3. Do you remember to eat raitiovaunulla.
2. syödä veggies and fruits every 7. Me tykätään juoda sojua.
3. tulla leffaan day? ~ Me tykkäämme juoda
4. opiskella 4. What do you want to do sojua.
5. kuunnella but don’t have the guts 8. Se rakastaa lukea Mura-
6. treenata to? kamia.
5. What are students not
Exercise 25 allowed to do at school? Exercise 35
1. (en) osaa E.g. Ne ei saa huijata 1. unohtaa
2. osaat(ko) / voit(ko) (cheat). Ne ei saa kiusata He/She always forgets to
3. (en) voi (bully). Ne ei saa tapella take the keys with him/
4. (ei) voi (fight). her. Then I need to come
5. voi / osaa and open the door.
6. osaan Exercise 30 2. yritetään / yritämme
7. voit(ko) 1. …me ei saada tekstata / We’ll try to come on
8. voit(ko) me emme saa tekstata… time, but there might be
2. Voit(ko) sä tekstata... congestion/traffic jams in
Exercise 26 3. …me ei saada olla täällä... Manila.
1. Mä en voi tulla illalla ~ ~ 3. tahdot
tänä iltana... ...me emme saa olla tääl- What do you want to do
2. Voidaanks me puhua... ~ lä… on the weekend?
Voimmeko me puhua… 4. Mä en voi puhua, koska 4. (en) uskalla
3. Mä en osaa pelata tätä mulla on kurkku kipeä. I daren’t to go out right
peliä... now because there’s a
4. Mä voin lainata mun Exercise 32 typhoon.
autoa... 1. Mä yritän.
5. Se ei osaa kokata! 2. Uskallat(ko) sä hypätä? Exercise 36
6. Ne ei voi kuunnella… 3. Se unohtaa usein syödä. 1. aikoo
7. Joonas osaa tanssia, mutta (the position of usein does They plan on swimming in
se ei voi, koska sillä on not matter) cold water in the winter.
jalka kipeä. 4. Mä yritän muistaa soittaa. 2. (en) jaksa
5. Se unohtaa ottaa lääkkeet I’m fed up with resting /
Exercise 27 joskus. lying down. I want to do
1. Haluut sä kahvia? ~ 6. Mä uskallan sanoa: Ei. something.
Haluatko sinä kahvia? 7. Haluut sä nukkua? ~ 3. rakastan
2. Mä en voi pelata / soittaa Haluatko sinä nukkua? I love going to Singapore
/ leikkiä enää. 8. Hannu ei muista soittaa. on a vacation.
3. Mä en haluu syödä sokerii. 4. (en) voi
~ Minä en halua syödä Exercise 33 I can’t do sports today
sokeria. Answers are just examples. because I have a flu.
4. …se voi katsoa leffaa / 1. katsoa Netflixii
leffan… (-A and -n are 2. ostaa talon Exercise 37
object markers, which will 3. pelata Mobile Legendsii 1. Me halutaan osata puhua
be discussed in unit 16 in 4. juoda alkoholia suomea.
Anna mä hoidan 2) 5. hengata 2. Me halutaan oppia enem-
5. Se yrittää laulaa… 6. matkustaa autolla män.
6. Aiot(ko) sä syödä tän? 3. Me yritetään puhua enem-
Exercise 34 män.
Exercise 28 1. Se haluu mennä ~ 4. Me ei uskalleta tehdä
1. Osaat(ko) sä laulaa ka- Hän haluaa mennä Lap- virheitä.
raokea? peenrantaan.
2. Aiot(ko) sä mennä kaup- 2. Tykkäät(kö) sä pelata Exercise 38
paan huomenna? pokeria? 1. Haluut(ko) sä ~ Haluatko
etc. 3. Se ei jaksa tehdä kotiteh- sinä uida?
tävää ~ kotitehtäviä. 2. Osaat(ko) sä uida?
Exercise 29 4. Mä vihaan syödä lihaa. 3. Voinks mä saada mehua?
1. What do you often forget 5. Antti ei jaksa tulla tänään. 4. Miten sä voit tänään?
to do? 5. Voinks mä katsoa leffaa ~
leffan sun kanssa?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 4 391
– Got it. Doctor's name is – So I was thinking that a Exercise 47
Seija Penttilä, and the dermatologist could take Answers are just examples.
room is A203. a look. 1. Mä katson YouTubee.
– Thank you so much. – So an appointment to a 2. Mä pelaan Clash of Clan-
– Thanks. Bye. dermatologist? siä.
– Bye bye. – Yeah. 3. Mä leikkaa leipää.
– Can I get your social secu- 4. Mä keitän riisiä.
Exercise 44 rity number? 5. Mä avaan oven (ovi : ove-,
1. rash on legs – Yeah. 151082-075R. a door)
2. 1982 – Not found. Hmmm... Can
3. tomorrow at 8:30am in you say it again? Exercise 48
room 702 – 15… 10… 82… 075… R. 1. Aiot(ko) sä kysyä?
– Found it. Jani Torikka. 2. Teetteks te ruokaa (ruoka
– Lääkäri.keskus Mehiläinen. There would be vacant + A)?
– Täs on Jani Torikkafull name. appointments at 3:15 and 3. Juot(ko) sä ginii (gini +
Terve. 3:45 today. A)?
– Terve terve. Miten voin – Today doesn't work. I'm 4. formal:
auttaa? busy at work. How about Kävelemmekö me? ~
– No tota… Mulla on jotain tomorrow? Aiommeko me kävellä?
ihottumaa jaloissa. – Let's see... hmmm... to- colloquial:
– Okei… morrow the first vacancy Kävelläänks me? ~
– Nii mie a(j)attelin, et iho. is at 8:30am. Aiotaanks me kävellä?
tautilääkäri vois(i) katsoa. – That works. I'll take it. 5. Ajat(ko) sä autoa (auto
– Eli aika dermatologistille? – Alright. The name of the + A)?
– Joo. doctor is Laura Holm, and 6. Onks ne Baguiossa?
– Saanko henkilö.tunnuk- she sees patients in room 7. Onks se Filippiineillä?
sen? 702. I'll send you a confir- 8. Meneeks ne kirkkoon?
– Jep. 151082-075R. mation via text and email. 9. Puhuuks Mira englantii?
– Ei löydy. Hmmm… Sanot- – Thank you. 10. Matkustatteks te paljon?
ko uudestaan? – No problem. 11. Uiks se? ~
– 15… 10… 82… 075… R. – Bye bye. Aikooks se uida?
– No nyt löyty. Jani Torikka. – Bye. 12. Ajat(ko) sä pyörällä?
Tänään olis vapaita aikoja 13. formal:
varttia yli kolme ja varttia Exercise 45 Ostammeko me sen? (se +
vaille neljä. Answers are just samples. object marker -n, dis-
– Tänään ei käy. Mulla 1. Laurin harrastus on met- cussed in unit 16 in Anna
on kiire töissä. Miten sästys. mä hoidan 2)
huomenna? 2. Se harrastaa kokkaamista. colloquial:
– Katsotaan… hmmm… 3. Mä laulan karaokea. Ostetaanks me se?
huomenna ensimmäin- 4. Onks kävely sun harras- 14. Tuleeks lääkäri huomen-
en vapaa [aika] on puoli tus? na?
yhdeksältä. 5. Lasse harrastaa pesäpal-
– Se sopii. Mä otan sen. loa. Exercise 49
– Jep. Lääkärin nimi on 6. Mä harrastan valokuvaus- 1. Onko ~ Onks sulla sisko?
Laura Holm, ja hän ottaa ta. 2. Onks sulla laturi?
vastaan huoneessa 702. 7. Jani harrastaa nyrkkeilyä. 3. Onks sillä mies ~ aviomies?
Mä laitan sulle vielä vah- 8. Joonas pelaa jääkiekkoa. 4. Onks Jaanalla aika lääkäril-
vistuksen teksti.viestillä ja 9. Onks lautapelit sun har- le ~ lääkäriaika?
sähköpostilla. rastus? 5. Onks asukkaalla diabetes?
– Kiitos. 10. Onks sen harrastus vide- 6. Onks meillä aikaa?
– Eipä kestä. opelit? 7. Onks sulla rahaa?
– Moi moi. 11. Harrastat sä pyöräilyä? 8. Onks niillä kissa?
– Hei hei.
Exercise 46 Exercise 50
– Medical center Mehiläin- Answers are just examples. 1. Mä meen kotiin nyt.
en. 1. Mä meen kotiin ja keskus- 2. Tuut(ko) sä konserttiin?
– This is Jani Torikka. Hello. taan. 3. Elisa menee Lontooseen.
– Hi. How can I help? 2. Mä matkustan Suomeen. 4. Me tullaan kouluun.
– Well... I have some rash on 3. Mä matkustan Helsinkiin. 5. Sä meet ~ Te meette sau-
my legs. 4. Mä meen Mines View’hen. naan seuraavaksi.
– Okay... 5. Ne menee saarelle. 6. Tytöt menee Jollibeehen.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 5 393
1. In a casual conversation, 2. Meillä on hernekeittoo ja 4. – Hedelmät ja vihannekset
you would still use 12- pannukakkuu. (fresh produce)
hour clock to talk about 3. Meillä on vaniljarinkeli. – Säilykkeet (canned
hours after noon, so you 4. Meillä on pinaattikeittoo ja goods, if you buy canned
should say puoli seitsemän kananmuna. crushed tomatoes)
and kahdeksan. 5. Meillä on karjalanpiirak- – Mausteet (spices)
2. thai.ruokaa ~ thaimaa- kaa ja munavoita. (The – Leivonta (baking, for
laista question is asking about flour)
intialaista tomorrow's, i.e. Sunday, – Liha ja kala (meat and
meksikolaista supper) fish)
italialaista 6. Meillä on ruispuuroo. – Maito, juusto, rasvat
3. Mun serkku sano, et niillä 7. Meillä on paistettuu siikaa (dairy, for butter)
on tosi hyvää tom kha ja salaattia.
kaita. 8. Meillä on kesäkeittoa Exercise 18
Mun veli sano, et niillä on (type of a vegetable soup) 1. Are you in good health?
tosi hyvää naan-leipää. ja vihannes(ta). 2. Do you eat healthy food?
Mun sisko sano, et niillä on 9. Ei oo. Meillä on mansikka- What?
tosi hyvää kanaburritoa rahkaa. Viiliä on maanan- 3. Which unhealthy food do
Mun kaveri sano, et niillä taina. you eat too much?
on tosi hyvää munakoiso- 10. Sunnuntaina on neljän 4. Do you have a healthy
lasagnee. viljan puuroa. lifestyle?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 5 395
5. What are we going to eat Exercise 38 5. Mennäänks leffaan per-
tonight? The first bubble is asking jantaina? ~ Voidaanks me
– Well... if you got an invitation to mennä leffaan perjantai-
6. I don't want... housewarming party and na?
7. Tommi likes to buy... when it is. The person is also 6. Ei mennä kauppaan tä-
8. Yesterday, Taru ate at asking Sanna's new address nään.
least three... and if there is any food there.
9. What is bacon like? You should address those in Exercise 42
– It is... your reply based on the FB 1. Filippiineillä juodaan giniä.
10. How / With what do I event. You should also ask 2. Amerikassa tykätään
clean this? what tupareihin or tuparit NFL:stä.
– Well, use... means since the second 3. Manilassa matkustetaan
bubble provides an answer to LRT:llä.
Exercise 34 that. The second bubble also 4. Suomen kurssilla opiskel-
1. Haluut(ko) sä vettä? asks what food or drink you laan suomea.
2. Meillä ei oo vessapaperii. want to bring and if you want 5. La Unionissa harrastetaan
3. Mulla ei oo rahaa. to go buy them together with surffausta.
4. Tarjoilija kantaa tarjotinta. the person you are messaging 6. Kaupassa myydään ruo-
5. Donah ostaa juustoo with. kaa.
kaupasta. 7. Kirkossa rukoillaan ja
6. Isoäiti ei ota lääkettä. Exercise 39 kuunnellaan saarnaa.
7. Voit(ko) sä tuoda maitoo? 1. Mennäänks Jollibeehen 8. Italiassa ei kokata sisigiä.
8. Vieras ~ Vierailija puhuu illalla?
saksaa. 2. Mennäänks bussilla La Exercise 43
9. Meillä on pizzaa. Unioniin ja uidaan? 1. Kuunnellaan sun sydäntä.
10. Andrea syö aamupalaa. 3. Syödäänks intialaista 2. Nostetaan sun vasenta
ruokaa? jalkaa.
Exercise 35 4. Lauletaanks karaokee Qu- 3. Katsotaan sun korvaan.
1. päätä antumissa perjantaina? 4. Taivutetaan sun oikeaa
2. käsivartta 5. Laitetaanks likaiset astiat kättä.
3. pohjetta pois? 5. Käännetään / Kallistetaan
4. sormea (sormia would be 6. Tehdäänks ruokaa? sun päätä.
partitive plural) 7. Mennäänks jeepneyllä, 6. Siirretään / Liikutetaan
5. niskaa koska on huono ilma? sun tyynyä.
6. hammasta 8. Kysytäänks pomolta, kun 7. Käännetään sun nilkkaa.
se tulee töihin? 8. Katsotaan sun kurkkuun.
Exercise 36 9. Kuunnellaanks sun ~ poti-
1. millaista laan sydäntä? Exercise 44
2. millainen 10. Puhdistetaanks potilaan 1. mangon
3. millaista haavaa etanolilla? 2. kuumemittarin
4. millainen 3. tän
Exercise 40 4. kynän
Exercise 37 1. Haluut(ko) sä mennä 5. tän liinan
1. Millaista Coca-Cola on? Tampereelle viikonloppu- 6. avaimen
2. Millainen Helsinki on? na?
3. Millainen se uusi pizza- 2. Haluut(ko) sä mennä kir- Exercise 45
paikka kodin lähellä on? jastoon ja hankkia kirjas- 1. rahaa
4. Millaista salmiakki on? tokortit? 2. lomaa ~ loman
5. Millainen sun suomen 3. Haluut(ko) sä soittaa 3. harjaa ~ harjan
kurssi on? pomolle? 4. tota [if uncountable] ~
6. Millaista vesijohtovesi on 4. Haluut(ko) sä hakea syö- ton [if countable]
Baguiossa? tävää? 5. jäätelöö ~ jäätelöä
7. Millainen se uusi työkaveri 6. tän paperin
on? Exercise 41
8. Millainen tavallinen työ- 1. Istutaan. Exercise 6
päivä on? 2. Mennäänks kauppaan, kun This is the same task as task 5
9. Millaista ruoka lounaalla mä tuun töistä? in unit 17 in Kyl mä hoidan.
on? 3. Puhutaan suomee!
10. Millaista (~ Millainen) 4. Tykkäät(kö) sä kasvis 1.
elämä on? ruoasta? – Moi.
– Terve. Tupla.juusto.ateria.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 6 397
– I don't do that. I get 5. on tosi kylmä – Yes.
sweaty. kiinnostaaks sua katsoa – Is it expensive?
jalkapalloa – No if you do it at home.
8. 15 vaille 1 But a dancing class is
– What time is the game? mun päätä särkee expensive.
– At 5pm. olutta, sipsejä ~ sipsit, – Do you have a favorite?
– Whom do they play kotijoukkueen punaiset – Yeah. Oona Kivelä [a Finn-
against? huivit ish pole dancer] is really
– Argentina. good.
Exercise 2
Exercise 1
laji missä välineet
– Hey what's the weather
like? kypärä, luisti-
– It's raining. jää.kiekko jäähalli, kaukalo met, maila, kiek-
– Are you interested in go- ko
ing to the gym?
kori.pallo kenttä kengät, pallo
Ö accepts:
– Yes... what time?
– Does 3pm work?
– Yeah. What do I need? hiihto latu sukset, sauvat
– Well, take a towel and
shoes.
Burnham Park,
Ö declines:
juoksu polku, tie, puis- kengät
– Sorry but my shoulder to
hurts.
– Okay. Some other time nyrkkeily kehä nyrkkeilyhanskat
then.
– What time are you going?
– Around three. salibandymaila,
salibandy kenttä, sali
salibandypallo
1. on (puoli)pilvistä
kiinnostaaks sua vaeltaa
kymmeneltä maila, sulkapallo,
sulka.pallo kenttä
mun vasen jalka on kipee verkko
hattu ja reppu
2. on pilvistä Burnham park,
kiinnostaaks sua juosta ~ shakki lauta, nappulat
puisto
juokseminen
puoli kahdelta
mulla on nilkka venähtä-
zumba Burnham Park musiikkii
nyt
vettä ja aurinko.lasit
3. aurinko paistaa ~ on aurin-
koista Exercise 3 Exercise 5
kiinnostaaks sua uida – Hey, what is pole dancing – Do you like basketball?
puoli kuudelta in Finnish? – How so?
mulla on flunssa – It's tankotanssi. – Nah, I was just thinking.
aurinko.tasvaa ja uima. – Okay. And the place ~ – Well, it [basketball] is
puku venue? okay... You like it?
4. sataa lunta – What place? – I don't like it that much...
kiinnostaaks sua pelata – The place where it is ~ – When was the last time
sulkapalloo where it takes place? you played basketball?
yhdeksältä – Ummm, a dancing hall? Or – I played maybe two weeks
mulla on oikea kyynärpää at home. ago.
kipee – Okay. What [equipment] – Oh. I played at school.
maila(t) do you need for it?
– A dancing pole. And light Exercise 6
clothes. – On Friday, I did Nordic
– Have you tried? walking.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 6 399
6. Ei palella. 11. ...if you give birth. – Tapani lähetti Juulille
7. Ei ärsytä. 12. when you have the A2 raportit.
8. Ei satu. exam. – Tapanilla oli ruokatunti.
Se söi kebabii (shawarma)
Exercise 20 Exercise 22 Antin kanssa.
For items with a subject, you – Does people chewing – Tapani meni kauppaan.
can switch the word order. moma annoy you? – Tapani katso(i) leffaa.
E.g. #2 could also be Tule- – Yeah. It really annoys me. – Tapani soitti mummolle
vaisuus pelottaa mua. If the Does it annoy you? Kanadaan.
subject goes first, the clause – Yeah. It annoys me a little.
is grammatically not a feeling Exercise 28
verb clause anymore. 1. slow and expensive inter- 1. How's Veikko's meds?
1. Mua paleltaa. / Mulla on net Mä annoin ne jo.
kylmä. 2. pessimists 2. How's cleaning the lobby?
2. Mua pelottaa tulevaisuus. 3. hangover Mä siivosin sen jo.
3. Mua sattuu polveen. / 4. people whose [romantic] 3. How's washing Auli's
Mun polveen sattuu. relationship is too good walker?
4. Mua kiinnostaa hoitotyö. 5. China Mä pesin sen jo.
5. Mua ahdistaa / jännittää 6. a friend who is late 4. How's the report? ~ How's
A1-koe. 7. Monday mornings charting?
6. Mua ärsyttää astevaihtelu 8. cockroaches Mä tein / kirjo(i)tin sen jo.
joskus. 9. neighbors 5. How's Pentti's sauna?
7. Mä olin Jollibeessä eilen, ja 10. people who stink Mä saunotin sen jo. / Mä
nyt mua oksettaa. / ja nyt 11. currpt cops avustin sitä jo. / Se meni
mulla on huono olo. 12. people who walk slowly saunaan jo. / Se kävi sau-
8. Potilasta ahdistaa neulat. 13. public display of affection nassa jo.
9. Mua sattuu selkään. / Mun 14. crying kids 6. How's Silja's blood pres-
selkään sattuu. 15. exhaust gas of jeepneys sure?
10. Asukasta huimaa, koska se 16. smoking Mä mittasin sen jo.
ei juo vettä. 17. wrong toilet paper orien- 7. How about lunch break?
tation Mä pidin sen jo. / Mä söin
Exercise 21 18. Korean students jo.
1. How do you (think you 19. queuing
will) feel when it is your 20. dog poo on the street Exercise 29
day at work in Finland? 21. rainy season (tag-ulan) 1. Where were you last
2. ...when you're waiting for 22. cars of tourists in Baguio Christmas?
a tram in the winter in 23. panhandling 2. What did you do last
Finland. 24. slim people who complain night?
3. ...when your friend tells about their weight 3. Did you eat something in
you that your boyfriend the morning? What?
/ girlfriend is cheating on Exercise 23 4. Which sports did you like
you. There are several alternatives as a child?
4. ...when you watch anime that can work. Double check 5. Did you have a favorite
with your friend. with the instructor. team [ as a child] (or did
5. when your niece doesn't 1. väsyttää you play in a team)?
do what you want. 2. itkettää 6. Which sports do you like
6. when you ran 5 km in 3. janottaa now?
Camp John Hay. 4. pelottaa 7. How many hours a week
7. ...when you're waiting for 5. ahdistaa did you exercise last
a bus and someone [near- 6. ärsyttää week?
by] is smoking. 7. jännittää 8. When did you go to school
8. ...when you drank gin all 8. huimaa (as a child)?
night. 9. oksettaa 9. Where did you study
9. ...when you finally see / 10. ahdistaa nursing (lit. to become a
meet your boyfriend / nurse)?
girlfriend in the Philippines Exercise 27 10. When did you graduate?
when you are on a vaca- – Tapani kävi aamulenkillä.
tion from Finland. – Tapani meni töihin. Exercise 30
10. ...when you were lifting an – Tapani antoi ohjeet asiak- 1. I did homework...
elderly person and they kaalle. 2. I was at the gym for two
were really heavy. hours...
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 6 401
– Moi. 2. Their friend, Tiina, is late 9. Se halus(i) mennä kunto-
– Moi. and the speaker is an- salille.
– No miten yö.vuoro meni? noyed. 10. Mä halusin mennä baariin.
– Ihan jees. – Siis missä se Tiinaname nyt 11. Mä päätin jättää mun poi-
– Kiva. on? kaystävän / tyttöystävän.
– Tai no mua nukutti aika – No ehkä sen ratikka on 12. Se jakso(i) nousta.
paljon kyllä. myöhässä. 13. Sunnuntai sopi ~ kävi niille.
– Ärsyttää, ku se on aina 14. Me pelattiin Menolippua
– Hi. myöhässä. bileissä.
– Hi. – No kyl se tulee kohta.
– How did the night shift – Toivottavasti. unit 7
go?
– The usual. – Where is Tiina?! Exercise 1
– Nice. – Maybe her tram is late. 1. Do you know how to
– Or, actually, I was pretty – It's annoying when she's change a light bulb?
sleepy. always late. 2. Do you know how to
– She'll be here soon. change a SIM card on a
4. He was at work and did – Hopefully. phone?
not go to an ice hockey 3. Do you know how to de-
game. 3. Headache. frost a refrigerator?
– Moi. Hei olit sä eilen siel – Terve. 4. Do you know how to hang
jää.kiekko.pelissä? – Moi. Mites menee? a clock on a wall?
– En. – No emmä tiiä. Päätä 5. Do you know how to clean
– Aijaa? Ku mä a(j)attelin, särkee viel enemmän ku an oven?
ku sä puhuit siitä… töissä aamulla. 6. Do you know how to
– Joo, mut mä olin töissä – Aijaa? change the filter of a vac-
illan. Ku meil on yks iso – Joo. uum cleaner?
projekti nyt. – Ei sit varmaan lähetä 7. Do you know how to cook
– Aijaa. lenkille? rice without a rice cooker?
– Joo ei tänään. 8. Do you know how to find
– Hey. Were you at the – No... Katotaan myöhem- a manual of a washing
hockey match yesterday? min. machine online?
– No. – Jep. 9. Do you know how to
– Oh? I was just thinking cos – Hyvä, moi. sharpen a knife?
you talked about it... 10. Do you know how to use a
– Yeah, but I was at work all – Hello. cheese slicer?
night. Because we have a – Hi. How's it going?
marjot project right now. – I don't know. My head – Do you know how...?
– Oh. hurts even more than – Yes, I know how to...
[it did] at work in the – I'm not entirely sure.
Exercise 37 morning. – It depends
1. A burn in the finger due to – Oh? – I don't know how...
hot tea water. – Yeah.
– Moi. – We probably won't be Exercise 2
– Moi. Oot sä ok? going for a run then? 1. This door doesn't open.
– Joo. Sormeen sattuu – Yeah, not today. Ehkä se lukko on rikki.
vähän. – Well... later then. (Maybe the lock is bro-
– No mites? – Yup. ken.)
– Poltin sormen tee.veden – Okay, bye. 2. TV doesn't work.
kanssa. Joo. Sähköt on poikki.
– Oho. Exercise 39 (There's no electricity.)
1. Muistit(ko) sä ottaa (ne) 3. The bathroom drain is
– Hi. pillerit? clogged.
– Hi. Are you okay? 2. Voi ei, mä unohdin! No kai nyt, ku siellä on
– Yes. My finger hurts a 3. Tykkäsit(kö) sä juosta? nii paljon hiuksia. (Duh,
little. 4. Lupas(i)ko se tulla? [that's] obviously because
– How come? 5. Mä sain lähteä aikaisin. there's so much hair
– I burned my finger with 6. Yritit(kö) sä soittaa? there.)
tea water. 7. Mä aioin pelata League of
– Oh. Legendsiä.
8. Mä osasin vaihtaa katetrin.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 7 403
– I was thinking if you want 4. What a terrible hangover! 2. What do you have to do
to do overtime. I'm gonna throw up. on the weekend?
– Sorry, but I need to see my Maybe you shouldn't drink 3. What did you have to do
friend. salted licorice vodka... yesterday?
– Okay. I'll ask Chris. We'll see. But it's so 4. What do you not need to
good... do today?
Exercise 14 5. I'm so pissed! 5. What do you need to do in
1. Kailangan kong gumawa – Huh? Finland?
ng takdang-aralin. – I was supposed to be at 6. What do you not have to
2. Anong oras kailangan work at 2pm! deal with in Finland?
nating umalis? – Oh.
3. Kailangan ba natin bumili? Gotta call the boss [and Exercise 20
4. Kailangan mong magta- say] that I'm late. What do you need to do if...
nong sa amo. 1. you see a lifeless person
5. Kailangan mo siguro ting- Exercise 17 on ground on a bike lane?
nan yung skedule. 1. You are hungry and want E.g. Mun pitää soittaa
6. Kinailangan kong magpa- Korean food. ambulanssi.
tingin sa doktor. E.g. Mun pitää ostaa rame- 2. your friend has a birthday
7. Kailangan mo ang matulog nia tai mennä korealaiseen but you cannot go the the
ngayon. ravintolaan. party because you have
8. Di ninyo kailangan mag- 2. Your head hurts. work?
hugas ng plato. Ako na 3. Your roommate fainted ~ 3. you miss the bus?
mamaya ang gagawa. passed out in the kitchen. 4. the resident needs to pee?
4. Your coworker always 5. you want a healthy life-
Exercise 15 speaks English to you and style?
1. Meidän pitää syödä. you want to speak Finnish. 6. you want to travel to
2. Mun pitää mennä. 5. A resident can't make it Sweden?
3. Sun ei tarvi(tse) tulla. to the bathroom on their 7. you want to eat salted
4. Sun pitää tehdä tää. own. licorice?
5. Pitääks mun mennä kaup- 6. A resident is pale and 8. you want to work in
paan? ~ Pitääks mun käydä distressed. Finland?
kaupassa? 7. You went for a walk and
6. Sun pitää laittaa lisää suo- are now really sweaty. Exercise 21
laa. ~ Sun pitää lisätä (to 8. A coworker thinks that 1. Mun pitää nukkua nyt.
add) suolaa. she is pregnant. 2. Sun pitää tulla kotiin.
7. Sun pitää käydä suihkussa. 9. You woke up at night 3. Sun pitää soittaa sille.
8. Sun ei tarvi(tse) auttaa. when your tooth was 4. Sun kannattaa kysyä.
9. Meidän piti odottaa Annia. aching really badly. 5. Mun kannattaa ostaa
10. Sen pitää siivota (to clean) 10. It is Saturday. uudet kengät.
~ puhdistaa (to cleanse, to 6. Teidän pitää opiskella
clear) pöytä. Exercise 18 sanat.
1. I went to the store yester- 7. Leenan pitää herätä
Exercise 16 day. Nyt mun ei tarvi(tse) aikaisin.
1. Where is the bus? Annoy- käydä kaupassa. 8. Pitääks meidän mennä
ing. 2. I made a lot of food yes- nyt?
Yeah, maybe we need to terday. 9. Mun pitää odottaa Eve-
take a cab. Nyt mun ei tarvi(tse) lynniä.
Aawww crap... A taxi is so tehdä ruokaa. 10. Meidän ei tarvi(tse) syödä
expensive. 3. I called my mom yester- vielä. Odotetaan.
2. Are you interested in go- day. 11. Kenen pitää mitata Laurin
ing for a run? Nyt mun ei tarvi(tse) verensokeri?
Sorry but I can't. I need to soittaa äidille. 12. Meidän pitää soittaa 112.
rest. My ankle hurts. 4. I studied a lot in the morn-
Well, so other time then. ing. Exercise 22
3. Are you tired? Nyt mun ei tarvi(tse) 1. Gotta do homework.
Yeah, but I have to do this opiskella. 2. The stain must be cleaned.
homework tasks. 3. Tables need to be moved.
No, let's go to SM. Exercise 19 4. The floor must be cleaned.
1. What do you have to do 5. Gotta buy food.
tonight?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 7 405
10. käteen Exercise 38 – Gotta get another one
11. henkilökunnalla 1. Printer does not work. then.
12. raporttia Add paper. – I'll put a note that this one
– Äääh!! is broken.
Exercise 37 – No? – Good.
1. kenkä – Tää printteri ei toimi.
– Hei missä mun toinen työ. – Ai ei? Exercise 39
kenkä on? – Pitää laittaa lisää paperii. 1. Take a towel to room 404.
– Eiks se oo toi? – Moi. Yks pyyhe pitää
– No ei... – Aaaa! viedä… ööö… huoneeseen
– What? 404. Nii… onks sulla aikaa?
– Hey, where's my other – This printer doesn't work. 2. Put the laundry in the
workshoe? – It doesn't? cabinet.
– Isn't it that one? – Gotta add more paper. – Hei, voit sä auttaa mua
– No... vähän? Nää pyykit pitää
2. Lock is jammed. Call main- laittaa kaappiin.
2. peitto tenance. 3. Have a break. Eat some
– Mä vaihdoin sen rouva – Hei toi oven lukko on pulla (Finnish sweet
Metsälän peiton. jumissa. bread).
– Hyvä, kiitti. – Mikä ovi? – Hei sun pitää pitää tauko
– Toi siivous.komero. nyt. Ja toimistossa on pul-
– I changed the blanket of – Aijaa? Mun pitää soittaa laa, ni se pitää syödä. Mä
Mrs. Metsälä. korjaajalle sit. voin hoitaa tän loppuun.
– Good, thanks. 4. The bathroom upstairs
– Hey, the lock on that door needs to be cleaned. More
3. tarjotin is jammed. paper needed there also.
– Tarvit sä vielä tätä tar- – Which door? – Oho, hei, toi yläkerran
jotinta? – That cleaning storage. vessa pitää siivota. Joku
– En tarvi. – Oh? I have to call the oksens(i) siellä tai jotai. Ja
– Entäs nää lääke.kupit? maintenance then. ei oo paperii siellä ves-
– Sä voit laittaa ne roskiin. sassa, ni pitää viedä lisää
– Okei. 3. Phone was at home so paperii kanssa (also, too).
the person could not be
– Do you still need this tray? reached. No solution right Exercise 40
– No. now. 1. He must study vocabulary.
– How about these medi- – Hey, does your phone – Moi.
cine cups? work? – Moiiiiiiiii...
– You can put them in the – Yes. But it is at home. – Väsyttääks sua tai jotai?
trash. – Okay, cos I was trying to – No arvaa! [Olin] kaheksan
– Okay. call you... tuntii töissä ja nyt mun
– Yeah. Sorry. pitää vielä opiskella nää
4. reppu sanat.
– Hei. – Hei toimiiks sun puhelin? – Oho.
– No? – Joo. Mut se on kotona. – Ja en oo syöny mitään!
– Voinks mä lainata sun – Okei ku mä yritin soittaa
reppuu viikonloppuna? sulle... – Hi.
– Miten ni? – Joo. Sori. – Hi...
– Me mennään kaverin kaa 4. Wheelchair is broken. Find – Are you tired or some-
vaeltaa. a replacement. thing?
– No mut et riko sitä sitte. – Oho, tää pyörä.tuoli on – Well, guess. Eight hours at
– No en en. rikki. work, and now I still have
– Ai on? Oho. Joo. to study these words.
– Hey. – Pitää hakea toinen sitte. – Wow.
– Huh? – Mä laitan lapun, että tää – And I haven't eaten any-
– Can I borrow your back- on rikki. thing!
pack on the weekend? – Hyvä.
– Why so? 2. He needs to ask Anni
– I'm going hiking with my – Oh, this wheelchair is about her report entry.
friend. broken. – Onks sulla Annin puhelin.
– [Okay] but don't break it. – It is? Oh. Yeah. numeroo?
– Yeah yeah, I won't. – Kenen?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 7 407
7. I see... 6. Isä Dámason (tai kapteeni – Do you have any credits
8. Yup. Tiyagon) on your travel card?
9. Okay. Do you have a day 7. mun! – I have a monthly pass.
off tomorrow? 8. Whose shirt is blue? – Okay.
10. Yes.
11. [wanna go] To a bar in the Exercise 50 7.
evening? 1. Helsingin – Hi. An ABC ticket (= a
12. No, gotta save money if a 2. Pertin public transit ticket that
new phone costs a lot. 3. hoivakodin is valid within zones A,
13. No, I can treat you. 4. Matin B, and C in the Helsinki
14. Let's go then. 5. Veikon metropolitan area).
15. Alright. 6. pääkaupungin – 6.50 [euros].
7. oudon tyypin
Exercise 46 8. Englannin 8.
1. Suomen lippu 9. paikan – What track do K trains
2. Esmen työpaikka 10. avantouinnin depart from?
3. Filippiinien pääkaupunki – Let's check on that dis-
4. Ruotsin kuningas Exercise 51 play.
5. Baguion paras baari ~ 1. asukkaan
paras baari Baguiossa 2. potilaan Exercise 2
6. mun poikaystävä / mun 3. meidän – Hi.
tyttöystävä 4. annoksen – Hi. What time is your train
7. Manilan lentokenttä 5. Niemisen going to be in Lappeen-
8. sun kysymys 6. huoneen ranta?
9. sen vastaus 7. tytön – Umm... around 4:15pm.
(formal with a possessive 8. kahvinkeittimen But this is maybe a little
suffix: hänen vastauksen- 9. filippiiniläisen late.
sa) 10. kalliin lääkityksen – Okay. How long does the
10. firman ~ yhtiön säännöt trip take?
unit 8 – Around two hours.
Exercise 47 – Do you have a return tick-
1. Sen auto on punainen. Exercise 1 et already?
2. Mun jalka on kipeä. ~ Mun 1. – Yeah, I have a two-way
jalkaa(n) sattuu. – Is the stop far? ticket.
3. Meidän asunto on iso. – No. It's pretty close. – Where are you now?
4. Onks sen nimi Risto? – Somewhere east of Kou-
5. Sun paita on kiva. 2. vola.
6. Onks sairaanhoitajan työ – How do we get to Tikku- – Okay.
rankkaa (rough) / vaikeaa rila?
~ vaikeeta (difficult)? – Gotta take a commuter Exercise 3
train. 1. Do you like to travel by
Exercise 48 bus, taxi, jeepney or train
1. Suomen 3. (MRT)?
2. Indonesian – Where are we getting off 2. How many hours was your
3. Ranskan [the vehicle]? longest bus ride? From
4. Etelä-Korean – At Itäkeskus. where to where?
5. Vietnamin 3. Do you think buses are ex-
6. Saksan 4. pensive in the Philippines?
7. Venäjän – Excuse me, this would be 4. How do you want to com-
8. Ruotsin my seat. mute in Finland?
9. Italian – Oh. Okay. Sorry. 5. If you travel by bus in the
10. Viron – It's okay. Philippines, do you usually
reserve a ticket before-
Exercise 49 5. hand?
1. Annan – Does this bus go to Hä- 6. What annoys you about
2. Luke Skywalkerin ja Leian. meentie [street]? traveling ~ commuting in
3. kaikkien (everyone's) – It doesn't. You have to the Philippines?
4. Hettyn, Yumin, Twirlien ja take the 43. 7. Which jeepney route do
Popon you use regularly?
5. mun äidin 6.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 8 409
2. Me lennetään Suomeen Exercise 14 – Oh?
Hongkongin kautta. 1. When did you graduate as – And Anni just messaged
3. La Trinidad on Baguion a nurse? me that she didn't get up
lähellä. 2. When is Easter? [on time] in the morning,
4. Onks sulla ikkunapaikka? 3. When is Panagbenga? so she's going to be late
5. Haluut(ko) sä mennä mun 4. When did you start study- too.
kanssa ~ kans ~ kaa? ing Finnish? – Oh.
6. Sun paikka on mun vie- 5. When will (or did) you – Yeah. We probably need
ressä. start studying for the A1 to wait?
7. Mä tuun junalla – jos se exam? – Yeah. Did you eat already?
käy ~ sopii. 6. What are you going to do – I didn't. I didn't have time
8. Haluut(ko) sä mennä rati- next week? in the morning.
kalla ~ raitiovaunulla? 7. Where are you going to be – Wanna go for a coffee?
9. Mä haluun mennä Vati- three years from now? – Okay. I'll message Anni.
kaaniin mun äidin kanssa ~ 8. Where might you be 10
kans ~ kaa. years from now? Exercise 18
10. Poika istuu puun alla. – Hi!
11. Laituri 4 on aseman oi- Exercise 15 – Hi.
kealla puolella. 1. You're always late! – Did you travel ~ commute
12. Mä oon L-junassa. Me 2. Mom, let's not go yet... by jeepney last week?
ollaan Leppävaaran lähellä. 3. No, the party is (not until) – Yeah, I did. / No, I didn't.
13. Meneeks tää bussi Savon- tomorrow.
linnan kautta? 4. Why do I always have to Exercise 19
14. Metrossa oli ongelma. be the one who makes 1. en ollut
food? 2. en ehtiny(t)
Exercise 12 5. Oh no, the next train 3. ei lukenut
1. How do I get from Baguio won't leave until an hour 4. eivät tulleet
to Sagada? from now. (colloquial: ne ei tullu)
2. If I want [to go] by bus 6. My A1 exam will probably 5. etteks te juonu ~ ettekö te
from Baguio to Manila, do go well... juoneet
I have to buy the ticket 6. et(kö) sä pessy(t)
beforehand? Exercise 16 7. ei halunnu(t)
3. Oh? Do you know how I 1. meidän vasemmalla puo- 8. et valinnu(t)
could buy the ticket be- lella 9. etteks te ymmärtäny ~
forehand? 2. läpi ettekö te ymmärtäneet
4. Hey, what do I have to do 3. keskellä ei mitään 10. en tiennyt
if I want to get off of a 4. kahden päivän sisällä 11. ei menty ~ emme men-
jeepney? 5. keskustan lähellä ~ lähellä neet
keskustaa 12. eivät nähneet
Exercise 13 6. Joannalla ~ Joannan luona (colloquial: ne ei nähny)
1. Voit(ko) sä ostaa junali- 7. mun kurssin jälkeen 13. et(kö) sie ostanu(t)
put? 8. Venäjän ja Ruotsin välissä 14. ei tehty ~ emme tehneet
2. Mille bussipysäkille meidän 9. sun auton vieressä 15. et menny(t)
pitää mennä? 10. joskus kolmelta 16. en vieny(t)
3. Juna saapuu ~ tulee Lap- 11. kaapin päältä 17. ei nukkunu(t)
peenrantaan kello 15:40. 12. ennen yhdeksää ~ 18. ette pelannu ~ ette pelan-
4. Onks sulla paluulippu? yhdeksää ennen neet
5. Is rautatieasema ~ ju- 13. ilman sua ~ 19. ei ajanu(t)
na-asema ostoskeskuksen sua ilman 20. ei maksanu(t)
lähellä? 14. Viganin lähellä ~
6. Laituri 4 on kioskia vasta- lähellä Vigania Exercise 20
päätä. ~ Laituri 4 on vasta- 15. kaks päivää sitten 1. En puhunu(t).
päätä kioskia. (vastapäätä 16. kahden päivän sisällä 2. En lukenu(t).
is an adposition, page 3. En tykänny(t).
335) Exercise 17 4. En käyny(t).
7. Pysäkki on mun talon (~ – Hi! 5. En lainannu(t).
kodin) vieressä. – Hi! Sorry I'm late. My bus 6. En skipannu(t).
8. Asema on mun työpaikan didn't come.
lähellä. – I also had to come by tram Exercise 21
cos there was some prob- 1. En annostellu(t) vielä.
lem in the subway. 2. En pessy(t) vielä.
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 8 411
6. – Hey, did you buy the bus
3. – No moi. tickets?
– Missä me ollaan? – Moi. Väsyttääks sua? – I didn't because I was so
– Emmä tiiä. – No joo. Vähän on jetläg- busy all day.
– Me ei olla ikinä Kuusamos- gii... – Okay.
sa. – Okei. Missä sä oot nyt? – I'll try to remember to-
– Joo... – Bussissa. Tää menee Caba- morrow.
– No mitä se navigaattori natuaniin. – Yeah, no rush.
sanoo? – Cab- Caba- mihin?
– 90 kilometrii vielä. – Ca-ba-na-tu-a-niin. Se on 3.
– Vittu, tää on keskellä ei- kaupunki. – Hei näit sä Lauraa tänään?
mitään. – Okei. – En nähny. Miten ni?
– Nii on. – Joo. Jotain kaks tuntii Ma- – No ku se kysy(i), että
nilasta pohjoseen. voiks joku jäädä huomen-
– Where are we? – Aha. No hyvää matkaa. na yli.töihin.
– I don't know. – Kiitti. – Okei. No mun pitää soittaa
– We'll never make it to sille.
Kuusamo. – Oh hi. – Jees.
– Yeah... – Hi. Are you tired?
– What is the navigator – Yeah. Got some jet lag... – Hey, did you see Laura
[app/device] saying? – Okay. Where are you now? today?
– 90 km still. – On a bus. This goes to – I didn't. Why?
– Fuck, this is in the middle Cabanatuan. – Because she was asking if
of nowhere. – Cab- Caba- where? someone could do over-
– Yeah it is. – To Ca-ba-na-tu-an. It's a time tomorrow?
city. – Okay. I gotta call her then.
4. – Okay. – Right.
– Moi. – Yeah. Around two hours
– Moi. Missä sä oot? north of Manila. 4.
– Mä oon ihan kohta kotona. – Ooh. Well, have a nice trip. – Söit sä jo?
– Okei. – Thanks. – En.
– Ehkä jotai 5 minuuttii. – No tossa lähellä on yks uus
– Joo. No nähään. Exercise 28 kebab-paikka, ni mä ajat-
– Joo. 1. telin mennä. Tuu mukaan?
– Hei... – No joo, voin mä tulla.
– Hi. – No? – No hyvä.
– Hi. Where are you? – Laitoit sä ne vuode.vaat-
– I'm almost home. teet jo kaappiin? – Did you eat already?
– Okay. – En laittanu vielä. – No.
– Maybe like 5 minutes. – Okei. Mulla on aikaa, ni mä – Nearby, there's a new
– Okay. See you. voin hoitaa ne. shawarma place, so I was
– Yeah. – Kiva. Kiitti. thinking of going. Come
with me.
5. – Hey... – Yeah, I can come.
– Terve. – Huh? – Nice.
– Moi. Hei sori, mä oon – Did you put the bedlinen
myöhässä. Metro oli in the cabinet already? Exercise 29
jumissa. – I didn't yet. 1.
– Okei... – Okay. I have time, so I can – Mihin nää tyyny.liinat?
– Joo. Mä oon ehkä 15 mi- take care of them. – Ööö… laita siihen tyynyjen
nuutin sisällä töissä. – Nice. Thanks. ylä.puolelle. Ylä.hyllylle.
– Joo. Hyvä.
2. – Where do these pillow
– Hello. – Hei ostit sä ne bussi.liput? cases go?
– Hi. Hey, sorry, I'm late. – En ostanu, ku oli niin kiire – Umm... put them there
The subway got stuck. koko päivän. above the pillow. On the
– Okay... – Okei. top shelf.
– Yeah. I'll be at work in 15 – Mä yritän muistaa huo-
minutes. menna. 2.
– Okay. Good. – Joo, ei mitään kiirettä. – Mihin sä haluut nää peitot?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Answers, unit 8 413
2. Mulla oli kahdeksan tunnin 9. Did you do dishes yester-
työpäivä. day?
3. Työt alkoivat kello 12 10. Did you clean your room
päivällä. yesterday?
4. Mä pääsin töistä kello 8 11. Did you talk with your
illalla. neighbor last night?
5. Aamupäivällä minulla oli 12. Did you go to the market
aikaa käydä lenkillä. last week?
6. Juoksin ja kävelin kolme 13. Did you watch too much
kilometriä. stuff online last week?
7. Mä hölkkäsin. 14. Did you play too much on
8. Lenkin jälkeen kävin suih- a computer/phone this
kussa ja söin lounasta. week?
9. Lämmitin makaronilaatik- 15. Did you buy new clothes
koa mikrossa. last week?
10. Sitten mä pyöräilin töihin. 16. Did you travel by bus this
11. Ajoin hiljaa, koska ulkona week?
oli liukasta. 17. Did you go to a restaurant
12. Täytyi ajaa varovasti. yesterday?
13. Töissä vaihdoin ensin työ- 18. Did you exercise two days
vaatteet päälle ja moikka- ago?
sin (basic form: moikata, 19. Did someone say some-
to say hi) työkavereita. thing nice to you today?
14. Sitten mä saunotin pari 20. Did you maintain a pos-
asukasta. itive attitude today? Lit.
15. Sen jälkeen mä autoin Did you think positively
ruokasalissa. today?
16. Oli päiväkahvien aika.
Veikkoa harmitti, että
kahvin kanssa ei ollu(t)
pullaa.
17. Sitten työkaveri tarvitsi
apua: meidän piti nostaa
Kaija ylös sängystä.
18. Kaijalla oli huono olo,
mutta yleensä hän nousee
(~ nousi) itse.
19. Hän valitti, että jalkaan
sattu(i).
20. Kaikki meni kuitenkin
hyvin.
Exercise 32
1. Did you succeed in this
week's quiz?
2. Did you forget to do
homework yesterday?
3. Did you drink alcohol
yesterday?
4. Did you go to church on
Sunday?
5. Did you eat dog yester-
day?
6. Were you active this week
in class?
7. Were you a lazy student
this week?
8. Did you sit next to a dif-
ferent classmate every day
this week?
Joo mä hoidan – A1.3 Finnish Language for Filipino Nurses Index 415
exercises 305, 307, 308, pitää. See tykätä; See necessi- tehdä 78, 259
309, 310, 311, 312, ty clause temperature 11
313 to play 171 transportation. See public
need. See necessity clause exercises 200 transit
negative 125–127 point. See pilkku (,) -ttA. See partitive: forming
exercises possessive clause 17, 26–27, tulla , 23
present tense 150, 151 84, 164, 165, 169, 213, exercises 50, 88
olla 21 214, 291, 375, 393, two-verb sequences 172–
past tense 340. See past 411 177
tense: negative exercises 51, 62, 63, 64, tykätä 122–125, 128, 176,
possessive clause 27 204, 239, 241 265, 292
noun types 29–30 negative 27 exercises 133, 134, 135,
possessive yes-no question 136, 140, 265
O 84