12 - Cbs - Aldehydes Ketones Carboxylic Acids

QUESTION BANK
CLASS XII (CHEMISTRY)

UNIT 12: Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic acid
CASE/SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS:
Sl.No.
1. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions
The addition reaction of enol or enolate to the carbonyl functional group of aldehyde or ketone is known as
aldol addition. The β-hydroxyaldehyde
hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone
hydroxyketone so obtained undergo dehydration in second step to
produce a conjugated enone. The first part of reaction is an addition reaction and the second part is an
elimination
ination reaction. Carbonyl compound having α-hydrogen
hydrogen undergoes aldol condensation reaction.
1. Which of the following compounds would be the main product of an aldol condensation of
acetaldehyde and acetone?
A. CH3CH=CHCHO
B. CH3CH=CHCOCH3
C. (CH3)2C=CHCHO
D. (CH3)2C=CHCOCH3
2. Condensation reaction is the reverse of which of the following reaction?
A. Lock and key hypothesis
B. Oxidation
C. Hydrolysis
D. Glycogen formation
3. Which of the following will undergo aldol condensation?
A. HCHO
B. CH3CH2OH
C. C6H5CHO
D. CH3CH2CHO
2 Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Carboxylic acids dissociate in water to give carboxylate ion and hydronium ion.
RCOOH + H2O ⟶⟶ RCOO- + H3O+
The acidity of carboxyl group is due to the presence of positive charge on oxygen which liberates proton. The
carboxylate ion formed is resonance stabilised.
Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols. Electron withdrawing groups (EWG) increase the acidity of
carboxylic acids by stabilising the conjugate base through delocalisation of negative charge by inductive and/
or resonance effects. Electron donati
donating
ng group (EDG) decrease the acidity by destabilising the conjugate base.
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer :
1. 1 Which of the following reactions is showing the acidic property of carboxylic acid?
1.2 Which one of the following is the correct order of acidic strength
strength?
(A) CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > HCOOH > C6H5CH2COOH > CH3COOH
(B) CH3COOH > HCOOH > CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > C6H5CH2COOH
(C) HCOOH > C6H5CH2COOH > CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > CH3COOH
(D) CF3COOH > CH3COOH > HCOOH > CHCl2COOH > C6H5CH2COOH
1.3 Which of the following acids has the smallest dissociation constant?
(A) CH3CHFCOOH
(B) FCH2CH2COOH
(C) BrCH2CH2COOH
(D) CH3CHBrCOOH
3 Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
the addition reaction of enol or enolate to the carbonyl functional group of aldehyde or ketone is known as
aldol addition. The ββ-hydroxyaldehyde or ββ-hydroxyketone so obtained undergo dehydration in second step
to produce a conjugated enone. The first part of reaction is an addition reaction and the second part is an
elimination reaction. Carbonyl compound having αα-hydrogen undergoes aldol condensation reaction.
the following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
1. Condensation reaction is the reverse of which of the following reaction?
(a) lock and key hypothesis (b) oxidation
(c) hydrolysis (d) glycogen formation
2. Which of the following compounds would be the main product of an aldol condensation of acetaldehyde
and acetone?
(a) CH3CH=CHCHO (b) CH3CH=CHCOCH3
(c) (CH3)2C=CHCHO (d) (CH3)2C=CHCOCH3
3. Which combination of carbonyl compounds gives phenyl vinyl ketone by an aldol condensation?
(a) acetophenone and formaldehyde (b) acetophenone and acetaldehyde

(c) benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde (d) benzaldehyde and acetone
4. Which of the following will undergo aldol condensation?
(a) HCHO (b) CH3CH2OH
(c) C6H5CHO (d) CH3CH2CHO
4 1. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes is partial oxidation; aldehydes are further oxidized to carboxylic acids.
Conditions required for making aldehydes are heat and distillation. In aldehyde formation, the temperature of
the reaction should be kept above the boiling point of the aldehyde and below the boiling point of the alcohol.
Reagents useful for the transformation of primary alcohols to aldehydes are normally also suitable for the
oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones.
The following questions are multiple-choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
(i) Which of the following alcohols can be obtained from HCHO?
a) Methanol
b) Ethanol
c) Propanol
d) All of these
(ii) Ethanol can be converted into ethanal by:

a) Catalytic hydrogenation
b) Treatment with LiAlH4
c) Treatment with pyridiniumchlorochromate
d) Treatment with KMnO4
Or,
(ii) The compound that gives a tribromo derivative on treatment with bromine water is:
a) m-Cresol
b) Benzyl alcohol
c) o-Cresol
d) p-Cresol
(iii) Which of the following species can act as the strongest base?
a) Hydroxide
b) Alkoxide
c) Phenoxide
d) m-Nitro phenoxide
(iv) Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of boiling point: Propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-
ol, pentan-1-ol.
a) Propan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol
b) Propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, pentan-1-ol
c) Pentan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, propan-1-ol
d) Pentan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, propan-1-ol
5 The carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is reduced to -CH2- group on treatment with zinc amalgam and
concentrated hydrochloric acid [Clemmensen reduction] or with hydrazine followed by heating with sodium
or potassium hydroxide in high boiling solvent such as ethylene glycol (Wolff-Kishner reduction).
Aldehydes differ from ketones in their oxidation reactions. Aldehydes are easily oxidised to carboxylic acids
on treatment with common oxidising agents like nitric acid, potassium permanganate, potassium dichromate,
etc. Even mild oxidising agents, mainly Tollens’ reagent and Fehlings’ reagent also oxidise aldehydes.
Ketones are generally oxidised under vigorous conditions, i.e., strong oxidising agents and at elevated
temperatures. Their oxidation involves carbon-carbon bond cleavage to afford a mixture of carboxylic acids
having lesser number of carbon atoms than the parent ketone.
1. Which of the following cannot be made by reduction of ketone or aldehyde with NaBH4 in methanol?
(a) 1-Butanol
(b) 2-Butanol
(c) 2-Methyl-1-propanol
(d) 2-Methyl-2-propanol
2 The carbonyl compound producing an optically active product by reaction with LiAlH4 is:
(a) Propanone
(b) Butanone
(c) 3-Pentanone
(d) Benzophenone.
3A substance C4H10O (X) yields on oxidation a compound C4H8O which gives an oxime and a positive
Iodoform test. The substance X on treatment with cons. H2SO4 gives C4H8. The structure of the compound
(X) is:
(a) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
(b) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
(c) (CH3)3 COH
(d) CH3CH2-O-CH2CH3
4 An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C8H8O forms an
orange-red precipitate with 2,4-DNP reagent and gives yellow precipitate on heating with iodine in the
presence of sodium hydroxide. It neither reduces Tollens’ or Fehlings’ reagent, nor does it decolourise
bromine water or Baeyer’s reagent. On drastic oxidation with chromic acid, it gives a carboxylic acid (B)
having molecular formula C7H6O2. compounds (A) and (B) are respectively :
(a) Acetophenone and Benzoic acid

(b) Benzophenone and Benzoic acid
(c) Benzaldehyde and Benzophenone
(d) Benzyalaldehyde and 1-phenylethanoic acid
6 Most organic chlorides, bromides and iodides react with certain
metals to give compounds containing carbon-metal bonds. Such
compounds are known as organo-metallic compounds. An
important class of organo-metallic compounds discovered by Victor
Grignard in 1900 is alkyl magnesium halide, RMgX, referred as
Grignard Reagents. These reagents are obtained by the reaction of
haloalkanes with magnesium metal in dry ether.Grignard reagents are highly reactive and react with any
source ofproton to give hydrocarbons. Even water, alcohols, amines are sufficiently
acidic to convert them to corresponding hydrocarbons.
(i) The reaction of CH3MgBr on dry ice followed by acid hydrolysis give-
(A) Acetic acid
(B) Formic acid
(C) Acetone
(D) Acetaldehyde
(ii) In which case reaction of CH3MgBr is faster-
(A) Water
(B) Alcohol
(C) Carboxylic Acid
(D) Phenol
(iii) The reaction of CH3MgBr with acetic acid gives-
(A) Methane
(B) Ethane
(C) Propane
(D) Hydrocarbon
7 Read the passage given below and answer the following questions :
Carboxylic acids dissociate in water to give carboxylate ion and hydronium ion.
RCOOH + H2O ⟶ RCOO- + H3O+
The acidity of carboxyl group is due to the presence of positive charge on oxygen which liberates proton. The
carboxylate ion formed is resonance stabilised.
Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than phenols. Electron withdrawing groups (EWG) increase the acidity of
carboxylic acids by stabilising the conjugate base through delocalisation of negative charge by inductive and/
or resonance effects. Electron donating group (EDG) decrease the acidity by destabilising the conjugate base.
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer :
1.Which of the following reactions is showing the acidic property of carboxylic acid?
2.Which one of the following is the correct order of acidic strength?

(a) CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > HCOOH > C6H5CH2COOH > CH3COOH
(b) CH3COOH > HCOOH > CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > C6H5CH2COOH
(c) HCOOH > C6H5CH2COOH > CF3COOH > CHCl2COOH > CH3COOH
(d) CF3COOH > CH3COOH > HCOOH > CHCl2COOH > C6H5CH2COOH
3.Which of the following acids has the smallest dissociation constant?
(a) CH3CHFCOOH
(b) FCH2CH2COOH
(c) BrCH2CH2COOH
(d) CH3CHBrCOOH
4.The correct order of acidity for the following compounds is
(a) I > II > III > IV
(b) III > I > II > IV
(c) III> IV > II> I
(d) I > III > IV > II
8 Aldehydes and ketones are amphoteric. Thus, they can react both as acids and bases. Under acidic conditions,
the carbon of the protonated carbonyl group is much more electrophilic, reacting even with weak nucleophile.
Carbonyl compounds give nucleophilic addition reaction. In this reaction the nucleophilic attack precedes the
electrophilic attack.
1. Which of these statements is correct?
(a) Carbonyl compound is amphoteric in character.
(b) Acid catalyst makes the carbonyl carbon more electrophilic.
(c) Basic catalyst makes the nucleophile more nucleophilic.
(d) All of these
2. Which one of the carbonyl compounds is more reactive towards NaCN/H+?
(a) H3CCHO
(b) H3C- O-C6H4-CHO
(c) H3C-C6H4-CHO
(d) NC-C6H4-CHO
3. Carbonyl compounds gives nucleophilic addition with
(a) Carbon nucleophile
(b) Oxygen nucleophile
(c) Nitrogen nucleophile
(d) All of these
4. The rate determining step of addition reaction is:
(a) Addition of nucleophile
(b) Addition of electrophile
(c) By formation of alkoxide
(d) Both (a) and (b)
ANSWER CASE BASED
1 1.C 2.C 3.D

2 Q.NO1.1, Q.NO1.2, Q.NO1.3 A
3 1.C 2.B 3.A 3.D B
4 Ans (i). d) All of these C
Ans(ii). C)
Or,
Ans (ii). a) m-Cresol
Ans (iii). b) Alkoxide
Ans (iv). a) Propan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, pentan-1-ol
5 1.D 2.B 3.B 4. A

6 (I)—(A)
(II)—(C)
(III)—(A)
7 1. D
2. A
3. C
4. A
8 1. D
2. D
3. D
4. A
Qestions submitted by PGTs (Chemistry) of KVs of Bhubaneswar, Guwahati, Kolkata, Ranchi, Silchar &
Tinsukia Regions.
Vetting done by Silchar Region

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QUESTION BANK

CLASS XII (CHEMISTRY)

(a) acetophenone and formaldehyde (b) acetophenone and acetaldehyde

(ii) Ethanol can be converted into ethanal by:

(a) Acetophenone and Benzoic acid

2.Which one of the following is the correct order of acidic strength?

1 1.C 2.C 3.D

5 1.D 2.B 3.B 4. A

Vetting done by Silchar Region

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