Java while and do...

while Loop
In this tutorial, we will learn how to use while and do while loop in Java with
the help of examples.

In computer programming, loops are used to repeat a block of code. For

example, if you want to show a message 100 times, then you can use a loop.
It's just a simple example; you can achieve much more with loops.

Java while loop

Java  while  loop is used to run a specific code until a certain condition is met.
The syntax of the  while  loop is:

while (testExpression) {
// body of loop
}

Here,

1. A  while  loop evaluates the textExpression inside the parenthesis  () .

2. If the textExpression evaluates to  true , the code inside the  while  loop is
executed.
3. The textExpression is evaluated again.
4. This process continues until the textExpression is  false .
5. When the textExpression evaluates to  false , the loop stops.
Flowchart of while loop

Flowchart of Java while loop

Example 1: Display Numbers from 1 to 5

// Program to display numbers from 1 to 5

class Main {
 public static void main(String[] args) {

// declare variables
int i = 1, n = 5;

// while loop from 1 to 5

while(i <= n) {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
}
}
}

Output

1
2
3
4
5

Example 2: Sum of Positive Numbers Only

// Java program to find the sum of positive numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int sum = 0;

// create an object of Scanner class

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
 // take integer input from the user
System.out.println("Enter a number");
int number = input.nextInt();

// while loop continues

// until entered number is positive
while (number >= 0) {
// add only positive numbers
sum += number;

System.out.println("Enter a number");
number = input.nextInt();
}

System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

input.close();
}
}

Output

Enter a number
25
Enter a number
9
Enter a number
5
Enter a number
-3
Sum = 39

In the above program, we have used the Scanner class to take input from the
user. Here,  nextInt()  takes integer input from the user.
The  while  loop continues until the user enters a negative number. During each
iteration, the number entered by the user is added to the  sum  variable.
When the user enters a negative number, the loop terminates. Finally, the
total sum is displayed.
 Java do...while loop
The  do...while  loop is similar to while loop. However, the body
of  do...while  loop is executed once before the test expression is checked. For
example,

do {
// body of loop
} while(textExpression)

Here,

1. The body of the loop is executed at first. Then the textExpression is

evaluated.
2. If the textExpression evaluates to  true , the body of the loop inside
the  do  statement is executed again.
3. The textExpression is evaluated once again.
4. If the textExpression evaluates to  true , the body of the loop inside
the  do  statement is executed again.
5. This process continues until the textExpression evaluates to  false . Then the
loop stops.

Flowchart of do...while loop

 Flowchart of Java do while loop

Let's see the working of  do...while  loop.

Example 3: Display Numbers from 1 to 5

// Java Program to display numbers from 1 to 5

import java.util.Scanner;

// Program to find the sum of natural numbers from 1 to 100.

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int i = 1, n = 5;

// do...while loop from 1 to 5

 do {
System.out.println(i);
i++;
} while(i <= n);
}
}

Output

1
2
3
4
5

Example 4: Sum of Positive Numbers

// Java program to find the sum of positive numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int sum = 0;
int number = 0;

// create an object of Scanner class

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

// do...while loop continues

// until entered number is positive
 do {
// add only positive numbers
sum += number;
System.out.println("Enter a number");
number = input.nextInt();
} while(number >= 0);

System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

input.close();
}
}

Output 1

Enter a number
25
Enter a number
9
Enter a number
5
Enter a number
-3
Sum = 39

Here, the user enters a positive number, that number is added to

the  sum  variable. And this process continues until the number is negative.
When the number is negative, the loop terminates and displays the sum
without adding the negative number.
Output 2

Enter a number
-8
Sum is 0

Here, the user enters a negative number. The test condition will be  false  but
the code inside of the loop executes once.
Infinite while loop

If the condition of a loop is always  true , the loop runs for infinite times (until
the memory is full). For example,

// infinite while loop

while(true){
// body of loop
}

Here is an example of an infinite  do...while  loop.

// infinite do...while loop

int count = 1;
do {
// body of loop
} while(count == 1)

In the above programs, the textExpression is always  true . Hence, the loop

body will run for infinite times.

for and while loops

The  for  loop is used when the number of iterations is known. For example,

for (let i = 1; i <=5; ++i) {

// body of loop
}
 And  while  and  do...while  loops are generally used when the number of
iterations is unknown. For example,

while (condition) {
// body of loop
}

Java for Loop

In this tutorial, we will learn how to use for loop in Java with the help of
examples and we will also learn about the working of Loop in computer
programming.

In computer programming, loops are used to repeat a block of code. For

example, if you want to show a message 100 times, then rather than typing
the same code 100 times, you can use a loop.

In Java, there are three types of loops.

 for loop

 while loop
 do...while loop
This tutorial focuses on the for loop. You will learn about the other type of
loops in the upcoming tutorials.

Java for Loop

 Java  for  loop is used to run a block of code for a certain number of times. The
syntax of  for  loop is:

for (initialExpression; testExpression; updateExpression) {

// body of the loop
}

Here,

1. The initialExpression initializes and/or declares variables and executes only

once.
2. The condition is evaluated. If the condition is  true , the body of the  for  loop
is executed.
3. The updateExpression updates the value of initialExpression.
4. The condition is evaluated again. The process continues until
the condition is  false .
To learn more about the conditions, visit Java relational and logical operators.
 Flowchart of Java for loop

Example 1: Display a Text Five Times

// Program to print a text 5 times

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int n = 5;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
 System.out.println("Java is fun");
}
}
}

Output

Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun
Java is fun

Example 2: Display numbers from 1 to 5

// Program to print numbers from 1 to 5

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int n = 5;
// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}

Output

1
2
3
4
5

Example 3: Display Sum of n Natural Numbers

// Program to find the sum of natural numbers from 1 to 1000.

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int sum = 0;
int n = 1000;

// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
// body inside for loop
sum += i; // sum = sum + i
}

System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

}
}

Output:

Sum = 500500

Here, the value of  sum  is 0 initially. Then, the for loop is iterated from  i = 1 to

1000 . In each iteration,  i is added to  sum  and its value is increased by 1.
When  i  becomes 1001, the test condition is  false  and  sum  will be equal to  0 +

1 + 2 + .... + 1000 .
The above program to add the sum of natural numbers can also be written as

// Program to find the sum of natural numbers from 1 to 1000.

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int sum = 0;
int n = 1000;

// for loop
for (int i = n; i >= 1; --i) {
// body inside for loop
sum += i; // sum = sum + i
}

System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

}
}

The output of this program is the same as the Example 3.

Java for-each Loop

The Java for loop has an alternative syntax that makes it easy to iterate
through arrays and collections. For example,

// print array elements

class Main {
 public static void main(String[] args) {

// create an array
int[] numbers = {3, 7, 5, -5};

// iterating through the array

for (int number: numbers) {
System.out.println(number);
}
}
}

Output

3
4
5
-5

Here, we have used the for-each loop to print each element of

the  numbers  array one by one.
In the first iteration of the loop,  number  will be 3,  number  will be 7 in second
iteration and so on.
To learn more, visit Java for-each Loop.

Java Infinite for Loop

If we set the test expression in such a way that it never evaluates to  false ,
the  for  loop will run forever. This is called infinite for loop. For example,

// Infinite for Loop

 class Infinite {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int sum = 0;

for (int i = 1; i <= 10; --i) {

System.out.println("Hello");
}
}
}

Here, the test expression , i <= 10 , is never  false  and  Hello  is printed
repeatedly until the memory runs out.

Java if...else Statement

In this tutorial, you will learn about control flow statements using Java if and
if...else statements with the help of examples.

In computer programming, we use the if statement to control the flow of the

program. For example, if a certain condition is met, then run a specific block of
code. Otherwise, run another code.

For example assigning grades (A, B, C) based on marks obtained by a

student.

 if the percentage is above 90, assign grade A

 if the percentage is above 75, assign grade B
 if the percentage is above 65, assign grade C
There are three forms of  if...else  statements in Java.
1. if statement

2. if...else statement

3. if...else if...else statement

4. Nested if...else statement

1. Java if (if-then) Statement

The syntax of a if-then statement:

if (condition) {
// statements
}

Here,  condition  is a boolean expression. It returns either  true  or  false .
 if  condition  evaluates to  true , statements inside the body of  if  are executed
 if  condition  evaluates to  false , statements inside the body of  if  are skipped

How if statement works?

 Working of
Java if statement

Example 1: Java if Statement

class IfStatement {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int number = 10;

// checks if number is greater than 0

if (number > 0) {
System.out.println("The number is positive.");
}

System.out.println("Statement outside if block");

}
}

Output

The number is positive.

Statement outside if block
In the above example, we have created a variable named  number . Notice the
test condition,

number > 0

Here, the condition is checking if  number  is greater than 0. Since  number  is
greater than 0, the condition evaluates  true .
If we change the variable to a negative integer. Let's say -5.

int number = -5;

Now, when we run the program, the output will be:

Statement outside if block

This is because the value of  number  is less than 0. Hence, the condition
evaluates to  false . And, the body of  if  block is skipped.
Note: To learn about condition expression, make sure to visit Java Relational
Operators and Java Logical Operators.

We can also use Java Strings as the test condition.

Example 2: Java if with String

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create a string variable
String language = "Java";

// if statement
if (language == "Java") {
 System.out.println("Best Programming Language");
}
}
}

Output

Best Programming Language

In the above example, we are comparing two strings in the  if  block.

2. Java if...else (if-then-else) Statement

The  if  statement executes a certain section of code if the test expression is
evaluated to  true . However, if the test expression is evaluated to  false , it does
nothing.
In this case, we can use an optional  else  block. Statements inside the body
of  else  block are executed if the test expression is evaluated to  false . This is
known as the if-...else statement in Java.
The syntax of the if...else statement is:

if (condition) {
// codes in if block
}
else {
// codes in else block
}

Here, the program will do one task (codes inside  if  block) if the condition
is  true  and another task (codes inside  else  block) if the condition is  false .
How the if...else statement works?

Worki
ng of Java if-else statements

Example 3: Java if...else Statement

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int number = 10;

// checks if number is greater than 0

if (number > 0) {
System.out.println("The number is positive.");
}

// execute this block

// if number is not greater than 0
else {
 System.out.println("The number is not positive.");
}

System.out.println("Statement outside if...else block");

}
}

Output

The number is positive.

Statement outside if...else block

In the above example, we have a variable named  number . Here, the test
expression  number > 0  checks if  number  is greater than 0.
Since the value of the  number  is  10 , the test expression evaluates to  true .
Hence code inside the body of  if  is executed.
Now, change the value of the  number  to a negative integer. Let's say  -5 .

int number = -5;

If we run the program with the new value of  number , the output will be:

The number is not positive.

Statement outside if...else block

Here, the value of  number  is  -5 . So the test expression evaluates to  false .
Hence code inside the body of  else  is executed.

3. Java if...else...if Statement

In Java, we have an if...else...if ladder, that can be used to execute one block
of code among multiple other blocks.
if (condition1) {
// codes
}
else if(condition2) {
// codes
}
else if (condition3) {
// codes
}
.
.
else {
// codes
}

Here,  if  statements are executed from the top towards the bottom. When the
test condition is  true , codes inside the body of that  if  block is executed. And,
program control jumps outside the if...else...if ladder.
If all test expressions are  false , codes inside the body of  else  are executed.

How the if...else...if ladder works?

Working of if...else...if ladder

Example 4: Java if...else...if Statement

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int number = 0;

// checks if number is greater than 0

if (number > 0) {
System.out.println("The number is positive.");
}

// checks if number is less than 0

else if (number < 0) {
System.out.println("The number is negative.");
}

// if both condition is false

 else {
System.out.println("The number is 0.");
}
}
}

Output

The number is 0.

In the above example, we are checking whether  number  is positive, negative,

or zero. Here, we have two condition expressions:
 number > 0  - checks if  number  is greater than  0
 number < 0  - checks if  number  is less than  0
Here, the value of  number  is  0 . So both the conditions evaluate to  false . Hence
the statement inside the body of  else  is executed.
Note: Java provides a special operator called ternary operator, which is a
kind of shorthand notation of if...else...if statement. To learn about the ternary
operator, visit Java Ternary Operator.

4. Java Nested if..else Statement

In Java, it is also possible to use  if..else  statements inside
an  if...else  statement. It's called the nested  if...else  statement.
Here's a program to find the largest of 3 numbers using the
nested  if...else  statement.
Example 5: Nested if...else Statement
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// declaring double type variables

Double n1 = -1.0, n2 = 4.5, n3 = -5.3, largest;

// checks if n1 is greater than or equal to n2

if (n1 >= n2) {

// if...else statement inside the if block

// checks if n1 is greater than or equal to n3
if (n1 >= n3) {
largest = n1;
}

else {
largest = n3;
}
} else {

// if..else statement inside else block

// checks if n2 is greater than or equal to n3
if (n2 >= n3) {
largest = n2;
}

else {
largest = n3;
}
}

System.out.println("Largest Number: " + largest);

}
}

Output:

Largest Number: 4.5

In the above programs, we have assigned the value of variables ourselves to

make this easier.
However, in real-world applications, these values may come from user input
data, log files, form submission, etc.

Java switch Statement

In this tutorial, you will learn to use the switch statement in Java to control the
flow of your program’s execution with the help of examples.

The  switch  statement allows us to execute a block of code among many

alternatives.
The syntax of the  switch  statement in Java is:

switch (expression) {
case value1:
// code to be executed if
// expression is equal to value1
break;

case value2:
// code to be executed if
// expression is equal to value2
break;

...
...

default:
// default statements
}

How does the switch statement work?

 The  expression  is evaluated once and compared with the values of each case
label.
 If there is a match, the corresponding code after the matching case label is
executed.

For example, if the value of the  expression  is equal to  value2 , the code
after  case value2:  is executed.
 If there is no match, the code after  default:  is executed.
Note: We can do the same functionality using the Java if...else...if ladder.
However, the syntax of the switch statement is cleaner and much easier to
read and write.

Flowchart of switch Statement

 Flow chart of the Java
switch statement

Example 1: Java switch statement

// Java Program to check the size
// using the switch...case statement

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int number = 44;

String size;

// switch statement to check size

switch (number) {

case 29:
size = "Small";
break;

case 42:
size = "Medium";
break;

// match the value of week

case 44:
size = "Large";
break;

case 48:
size = "Extra Large";
break;

default:
size = "Unknown";
break;

}
System.out.println("Size: " + size);
}
}

Output:

Size: Large
In the above example, we have used the switch statement to find the size.
Here, we have a variable  number . The variable is compared with the value of
each case statement.
Since the value matches with case 44, the  size  variable is assigned with
value  Large .

break statement in Java switch...case

Notice that we have used the  break  statement in each case block. This is
helpful to terminate the statement.
If the  break  statement is not used, all the cases after the matching case are
executed. For example,

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int expression = 2;

// switch statement to check size

switch (expression) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Case 1");

// matching case
case 2:
System.out.println("Case 2");

case 3:
System.out.println("Case 3");

default:
System.out.println("Default case");
 }
}
}

Output

Case 2
Case 3
Default case

In the above example, we haven't used the  break  statement. Here,

the  expression  matches with  case 2 .
You can see that along with  case 2 , all the following cases are also executed.
This is not the desired output. Hence, it is necessary to use
the  break  statement with each case block.

Example 2: Making Calculator using the switch

statement
The program below takes three inputs from the user: one operator and 2
numbers. Based on the operator provided by the user, it performs the
calculation on the numbers. Then the result is displayed on the screen.
Before you go through the program, make sure you know about Java
Scanner to take input from the user.

import java.util.Scanner;

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char operator;
Double number1, number2, result;

// create an object of Scanner class

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

// ask users to enter operator

System.out.print("Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: ");
operator = input.next().charAt(0);

// ask users to enter numbers

System.out.print("Enter first number: ");
number1 = input.nextDouble();

System.out.println("Enter second number: ");

number2 = input.nextDouble();

switch (operator) {

// performs addition between numbers

case '+':
result = number1 + number2;
System.out.print(number1 + "+" + number2 + " = " + result);
break;

// performs subtraction between numbers

case '-':
result = number1 - number2;
System.out.print(number1 + "-" + number2 + " = " + result);
break;

// performs multiplication between numbers

case '*':
result = number1 * number2;
System.out.print(number1 + "*" + number2 + " = " + result);
break;

// performs division between numbers

case '/':
result = number1 / number2;
System.out.print(number1 + "/" + number2 + " = " + result);
 break;

default:
System.out.println("Invalid operator!");
break;
}

input.close();
}
}

Output 1

Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: +
Enter first number: 23
Enter second number:
21
23.0+21.0 = 44.0

Output 2

Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: -
Enter first number: 24
Enter second number:
13
24.0-13.0 = 11.0

Output 3

Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: *
Enter first number: 12
Enter second number:
6
12.0*6.0 = 72.0

Output 4

Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: /
Enter first number: 36
Enter second number:
 6
36.0/6.0 = 6.0

Output 5

Choose an operator: +, -, *, or /: ?
Enter first number: 12
Enter second number:
23
Invalid operator!

In the above example, we are using the  switch...case  statement to perform

addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Note: The Java switch statement only works with:
 Java Primitive data types: byte, short, char, and int
 Java Enumerated types
 Java String Class
 Java Wrapper Classes: Character, Byte, Short, and Integer.

Java break Statement

In this tutorial, you will learn about the break statement, labeled break
statement in Java with the help of examples.

While working with loops, it is sometimes desirable to skip some statements

inside the loop or terminate the loop immediately without checking the test
expression.
In such cases,  break  and  continue  statements are used. You will learn about
the Java continue statement in the next tutorial.

The  break  statement in Java terminates the loop immediately, and the control
of the program moves to the next statement following the loop.
It is almost always used with decision-making statements (Java if...else
Statement).
Here is the syntax of the break statement in Java:

break;

How break statement works?

 Working
of Java break Statement

Example 1: Java break statement

class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {

// if the value of i is 5 the loop terminates

if (i == 5) {
break;
}
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}
Output:

1
2
3
4

In the above program, we are using the  for  loop to print the value of  i  in each
iteration. To know how  for  loop works, visit the Java for loop. Here, notice the
statement,

if (i == 5) {
break;
}

This means when the value of  i  is equal to 5, the loop terminates. Hence we
get the output with values less than 5 only.

Example 2: Java break statement

The program below calculates the sum of numbers entered by the user until
user enters a negative number.

To take input from the user, we have used the  Scanner  object. To learn more
about  Scanner , visit Java Scanner.

import java.util.Scanner;

class UserInputSum {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Double number, sum = 0.0;

 // create an object of Scanner
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

while (true) {
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");

// takes double input from user

number = input.nextDouble();

// if number is negative the loop terminates

if (number < 0.0) {
break;
}

sum += number;
}
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
}
}

Output:

Enter a number: 3.2

Enter a number: 5
Enter a number: 2.3
Enter a number: 0
Enter a number: -4.5
Sum = 10.5

In the above program, the test expression of the  while  loop is always  true .
Here, notice the line,

if (number < 0.0) {

break;
}

This means when the user input negative numbers, the while loop is
terminated.
Java break and Nested Loop
In the case of nested loops, the  break  statement terminates the innermost
loop.

Working of break Statement with Nested Loops

Here, the break statement terminates the innermost  while  loop, and control
jumps to the outer loop.

Labeled break Statement

Till now, we have used the unlabeled break statement. It terminates the
innermost loop and switch statement. However, there is another form of break
statement in Java known as the labeled break.

We can use the labeled break statement to terminate the outermost loop as
well.
 Working of the labeled break statement in
Java

As you can see in the above image, we have used the  label  identifier to
specify the outer loop. Now, notice how the  break  statement is used ( break
label; ).

Here, the  break  statement is terminating the labeled statement (i.e. outer loop).
Then, the control of the program jumps to the statement after the labeled
statement.
Here's another example:

while (testExpression) {
// codes
second:
while (testExpression) {
// codes
while(testExpression) {
// codes
break second;
}
}
// control jumps here
}
In the above example, when the statement  break second;  is executed,
the  while  loop labeled as  second  is terminated. And, the control of the program
moves to the statement after the second  while  loop.

Example 3: labeled break Statement

class LabeledBreak {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// the for loop is labeled as first

first:
for( int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {

// the for loop is labeled as second

second:
for(int j = 1; j < 3; j ++ ) {
System.out.println("i = " + i + "; j = " +j);

// the break statement breaks the first for loop

if ( i == 2)
break first;
}
}
}
}

Output:

i = 1; j = 1
i = 1; j = 2
i = 2; j = 1

In the above example, the  labeled break  statement is used to terminate the
loop labeled as first. That is,
first:
for(int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {...}

Here, if we change the statement  break first;  to  break second;  the program will
behave differently. In this case,  for  loop labeled as second will be terminated.
For example,

class LabeledBreak {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// the for loop is labeled as first

first:
for( int i = 1; i < 5; i++) {

// the for loop is labeled as second

second:
for(int j = 1; j < 3; j ++ ) {

System.out.println("i = " + i + "; j = " +j);

// the break statement terminates the loop labeled as second

if ( i == 2)
break second;
}
}
}
}

Output:

i = 1; j = 1
i = 1; j = 2
i = 2; j = 1
i = 3; j = 1
i = 3; j = 2
i = 4; j = 1
i = 4; j = 2

Note: The  break  statement is also used to terminate cases inside

the  switch  statement. To learn more, visit the Java switch statement.
Java continue Statement
In this tutorial, you will learn about the continue statement and labeled
continue statement in Java with the help of examples.

While working with loops, sometimes you might want to skip some statements
or terminate the loop. In such cases,  break  and  continue  statements are used.
To learn about the  break  statement, visit Java break. Here, we will learn about
the  continue  statement.

Java continue
The  continue  statement skips the current iteration of a loop
( for ,  while ,  do...while , etc).
After the  continue  statement, the program moves to the end of the loop. And,
test expression is evaluated (update statement is evaluated in case of the for
loop).
Here's the syntax of the continue statement.
continue;

Note: The continue statement is almost always used in decision-making

statements (if...else Statement).

Working of Java continue statement

Working
of Java continue Statement
Example 1: Java continue statement

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// for loop
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {

// if value of i is between 4 and 9

// continue is executed
if (i > 4 && i < 9) {
continue;
}
System.out.println(i);
}
}
}

Output:

1
2
3
4
9
10

In the above program, we are using the  for  loop to print the value of  i  in each
iteration. To know how  for  loop works, visit Java for loop. Notice the
statement,

if (i > 5 && i < 9) {

continue;
}
Here, the  continue  statement is executed when the value of  i  becomes more
than 4 and less than 9.
It then skips the print statement inside the loop. Hence we get the output with
values 5, 6, 7, and 8 skipped.

Example 2: Compute the sum of 5 positive numbers

import java.util.Scanner;

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

Double number, sum = 0.0;

// create an object of Scanner
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

for (int i = 1; i < 6; ++i) {

System.out.print("Enter number " + i + " : ");
// takes input from the user
number = input.nextDouble();

// if number is negative
// continue statement is executed
if (number <= 0.0) {
continue;
}

sum += number;
}
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
input.close();
}
}
Output:

Enter number 1: 2.2

Enter number 2: 5.6
Enter number 3: 0
Enter number 4: -2.4
Enter number 5: -3
Sum = 7.8

In the above example, we have used the for loop to print the sum of 5 positive
numbers. Notice the line,

if (number < 0.0) {

continue;
}

Here, when the user enters a negative number, the  continue  statement is
executed. This skips the current iteration of the loop and takes the program
control to the update expression of the loop.
Note: To take input from the user, we have used the  Scanner  object. To learn
more, visit Java Scanner.

Java continue with Nested Loop

In the case of nested loops in Java, the  continue  statement skips the current
iteration of the innermost loop.
 Working of Java continue statement with
Nested Loops

Example 3: continue with Nested Loop

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

int i = 1, j = 1;

// outer loop
while (i <= 3) {

System.out.println("Outer Loop: " + i);

// inner loop
while(j <= 3) {
 if(j == 2) {
j++;
continue;
}

System.out.println("Inner Loop: " + j);

j++;
}
i++;
}
}
}

Output

Outer Loop: 1
Inner Loop: 1
Inner Loop: 3
Outer Loop: 2
Outer Loop: 3

In the above example, we have used the nested while loop. Note that we have
used the  continue  statement inside the inner loop.

if(j == 2) {
j++;
continue:
}

Here, when the value of  j  is 2, the value of  j  is increased and
the  continue  statement is executed.
This skips the iteration of the inner loop. Hence, the text  Inner Loop: 2  is

skipped from the output.

Labeled continue Statement
Till now, we have used the unlabeled  continue  statement. However, there is
another form of  continue  statement in Java known as labeled continue.
It includes the label of the loop along with the  continue  keyword. For example,

continue label;

Here, the  continue  statement skips the current iteration of the loop specified
by  label .

Working of the Java labeled continue

Statement

We can see that the label identifier specifies the outer loop. Notice the use of
the continue inside the inner loop.
Here, the  continue  statement is skipping the current iteration of the labeled
statement (i.e. outer loop). Then, the program control goes to the next
iteration of the labeled statement.

Example 4: labeled continue Statement

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {

// outer loop is labeled as first

first:
for (int i = 1; i < 6; ++i) {

// inner loop
for (int j = 1; j < 5; ++j) {
if (i == 3 || j == 2)

// skips the current iteration of outer loop

continue first;
System.out.println("i = " + i + "; j = " + j);
}
}
}
}

Output:

i = 1; j = 1
i = 2; j = 1
i = 4; j = 1
i = 5; j = 1

In the above example, the  labeled continue  statement is used to skip the
current iteration of the loop labeled as  first .
if (i==3 || j==2)
continue first;

Here, we can see the outermost  for  loop is labeled as  first ,

first:
for (int i = 1; i < 6; ++i) {..}

Hence, the iteration of the outer  for  loop is skipped if the value of  i  is 3 or the
value of  j  is 2.
Note: The use of labeled  continue  is often discouraged as it makes your code
hard to understand. If you are in a situation where you have to use
labeled  continue , refactor your code and try to solve it in a different way to
make it more readable.