UNODC Promoting The Rule of Law English

UNODC
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
Promoting
the Rule of Law
and Human Security
in Eastern Africa
Regional Programme
2016-2021
Promoting
the Rule of Law
and Human Security
in Eastern Africa
Regional Programme
2016-2021
Table of Contents
List of Abbreviation........................................................................................................................................iv
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................................v
1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Situational Assessment........................................................................................................................1
1.2. UNODC’s Presence and Accomplishments in the Region.......................................................................3
2 Purpose of the Regional Programme ......................................................................................................6
3 Strategic Approach: holistic, evidence-based, integrated, flexible, and cooperative..........................8
4 Scope and Structure of the Regional Programme ................................................................................11

4.1 Pillar I: Countering Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking.....................................................11
4.2 Pillar II: Countering Corruption..........................................................................................................12
4.3 Pillar III: Terrorism Prevention..............................................................................................................13
4.4 Pillar IV: Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice...................................................................................13
4.5. Pillar V: Prevention of Drug Use, Treatment and Care of Drug Use Disorders and HIV and
AIDS Prevention and Care..................................................................................................................14
5 Programme Governance, Management, M&E, and Outreach..............................................................16

5.1 Stakeholder Coordination and Governance .......................................................................................16
5.2 UNODC Regional Programme Management ......................................................................................16
5.3 Monitoring & Evaluation, and Reporting............................................................................................17
5.4 Risk Management..............................................................................................................................17
5.5. Communications, Advocacy and Visibility...........................................................................................18
Annexes .........................................................................................................................................................19
Annex 1: Indicative Budget.........................................................................................................................19
Annex 2: Results and Monitoring Framework.............................................................................................22
Annex 3: Regional Programme Management Structure...............................................................................31
Annex 4: Regional and Global Programmes in Eastern Africa......................................................................32
Annex 5: Ongoing Initiatives with which the RP will align ..........................................................................34
Annex 6: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)........................................................................................36
Annex 7: The Nairobi Declaration...............................................................................................................37
iii
List of Abbreviation
CTITF Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force

EU European Union
FIU Financial Intelligence Unit
GCTF Global Counter-Terrorism Forum
GMCP Global Maritime Crime Programme
HQ Headquarters
IFF Illicit Financial Flows
IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Development
IOFMC Indian Ocean Forum on Maritime Crime
IOM International Organization for Migration
IRM Implementation Review Mechanism (UNCAC)
ISF Integrated Strategic Framework (Somalia)
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
PWID People Who Inject Drugs
PWUD People Who Use Drugs
ROEA Regional Office for Eastern Africa (UNODC)
RP Regional Programme
SDG Sustainable Development Goal
SOM Smuggling of Migrants
TIP Trafficking in Persons
TOC Transnational Organized Crime
UN United Nations
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
UNCAC United Nations Convention Against Corruption
UNCCT UN Counter-Terrorism Centre
UNCTED United Nations Counter-Terrorism Executive Directorate
UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework
UNDAP United Nations Development Assistance Plan
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
UNTOC United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
WHO World Health Organization
iv
Executive Summary
Succeeding UNODC’s Regional Programme for Eastern Africa 2009 – 2015, the main objective of this new Regional
Programme (RP) (2016-2021) is to continue to enhance the rule of law and human security across the Eastern Africa
region, through activities specifically tailored to combat existing challenges and address emerging threats. UNODC
continues to support interventions to achieve security, justice and health priorities in the region by delivering legal
and technical assistance to address transnational organized crime (TOC), corruption, terrorism, criminal justice and
police reform, access to justice, and HIV and drug use prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. This RP will further
serve as a framework for action to support Member States in achieving the new Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) as they pertain to UNODC’s mandate.
On 25 September 2015, Member States formally adopted “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development,” with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The Agenda is intended as “a plan of
action for people, planet and prosperity that seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom.” In particular,
the 2030 Agenda affirms explicitly that “there can be no sustainable development without peace and no peace
without sustainable development.” The Agenda draws together the strands of peace, rule of law, human rights,
development and equality into a comprehensive and forward-looking framework. Reducing conflict, crime, violence,
discrimination, and ensuring inclusion and good governance, are key elements of people’s well-being and essential
for securing sustainable development. This is a universal agenda that requires profound transformations and a new
global partnership. It is worthwhile to note that the SDGs also align with the Aspirations/Pillars developed by the
African Union in its Agenda 2063. The connection between Aspiration/Pillar 3 and SDG16 is a clear example of
these two Agendas sharing a similar objective.
The Eastern Africa region encompasses both developing and fragile states, a combination that provides fertile
ground for criminal networks to exploit these differing contexts. These networks engage in trafficking in persons,
drugs, firearms, and natural resources, and profit and launder the proceeds of such crimes throughout the region.
While piracy has been on the decline, trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants (TIP/SOM), as well as
terrorism, have been increasingly detected in recent months, and pose significant threats to human security both
in and beyond the region. TIP/SOM activities in and through the region currently result in high numbers of fatalities
and great suffering among refugees and migrants, while posing considerable political and humanitarian challenges
to transit and destination countries. The initial security threat posed by Somalia-based Al-Shabaab has transcended
into a web of regionally located terror cells, with partial alliances to terror groups beyond the region. Heroin
trafficking to and through the Eastern African coastal region from South Asia, as well as regional opiate use,
have risen in volume with more sizeable maritime cargo seizures. Also, a significant increase in the smuggling of
natural resources – such as ivory and charcoal – poses alarming risk not only to the environment but to sustainable
livelihoods within the region.
v
P R O M OT I N G T H E R U L E O F L AW A N D H U MA N S E C U R I T Y I N E A S T E R N A F R I C A
Corruption and a weak rule of law facilitate criminal networks and the markets they serve. Many countries suffer
systematic corruption, partly made possible because formal justice institutions typically have inadequate financial,
physical and human resources to execute their mandates efficiently and effectively. Lack of coordination between
law enforcement, prosecution services, courts and corrections institutions further contribute to inefficiencies and
formal institutions may be undermined by local socio-political structures that may be outside the remit of the state.
Under the auspices of the previous RP (2009 – 2015), UNODC supported Member States in the region in their fight
against maritime crime, especially piracy; trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants; corruption; terrorism;
drug use prevention, drug treatment and HIV/AIDS, through a variety of programmes that aimed at bolstering
the countries’ rule of law and justice systems. Following the recommendations of an in-depth evaluation of the
previous regional programme in 2015, the main objective of this RP (2016-2021) is to continue such programming,
with adjustments to account for new trends and to respond to changes in government priorities, as well as to
expand this programming to additional beneficiaries. This RP is designed to act as an umbrella for programming,
with sufficient flexibility to respond to emerging threats. Furthermore, given the links between different criminal
networks in the region, the interconnectedness of crimes, and their relation to corruption and a weak rule of
law, this RP encourages increased synergies and cooperation between its thematic pillars in order to better serve
Member States.
The five thematic pillars of the RP and their respective objectives are:
Objective
Member States have an enhanced rule of law and improved human

UNODC Regional Programme for security, particularly through cross-sectoral responses based upon
Eastern Africa 2016-2021 multi-stakeholder partnerships, and an enhanced capacity to meet
their security, justice and health priorities under the Sustainable
Development Goals
Thematic Pillar Objectives
Countering Transnational Promote and support effective responses to transnational organized

Pillar I Organized Crime and crime, illicit trafficking, and illicit drug trafficking at the legal, technical
Trafficking and policy level
Prevent and combat corruption through effective implementation of

Pillar II Countering Corruption
the United Nations Convention against Corruption
Promote and strengthen a functional criminal justice regime against

Pillar III Terrorism Prevention terrorism that is effective and is implemented by States in accordance
with the rule of law
Strengthen the rule of law through the prevention of crime and the
promotion of effective, fair, humane and accountable criminal justice
Crime Prevention and
Pillar IV systems in line with the United Nations standards and norms in
Criminal Justice crime prevention and criminal justice and other relevant international
instruments
Prevention of Drug Use, Promote and support the adoption and implementation of
Treatment and Care of comprehensive, evidence-based, gender and youth responsive national
Pillar V Drug Use Disorders and and regional responses addressing drug use and HIV prevention,
HIV and AIDS Prevention treatment, care and support
and Care
vi
1 Introduction
1.1 Situational Assessment compound in Mogadishu (in June 2014). Further, Al-
Shabaab has started to export violence from Somalia
The Eastern Africa region comprises three culturally by assuming a new regional strategy: Kenya, for
and geographically diverse areas, namely the East example, suffered from a series of home-grown
African region (Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania1, and attacks, which quickly broadened with help of outside
Uganda), the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, elements. Other countries of the region – mainly troop
and Somalia) and the Indian Ocean islands off the East contributors4 to the African Union Mission in Somalia
African coast (Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius and (AMISOM) - have also suffered attacks. In addition to
Seychelles). Some of the region’s countries are struck by attacks by Al-Shabaab, internal conflicts in Somalia
severe poverty,2 while the region also contains economic over the creation of regional states, competing claims
‘powerhouses’ such as Kenya.3 The region encompasses over oil-rich territory, and political infighting have aided
both developing and fragile states, a combination that further militarization, and have put heavy constraints
has been providing fertile ground for criminal networks on human security.5
to exploit the different contexts. These networks engage
in trafficking in persons, drugs, firearms, and natural Eastern Africa faces additional threats to its peace and
resources, and profit and launder the proceeds of such security. Transnational organized crime in the region
crimes throughout the region. In addition, the region is has many faces, and as aforementioned, prevalent
home to various terrorism cells and experiences acts of criminal activities include trafficking in persons and
piracy. Furthermore, together with the Southern African smuggling of migrants (TIP/SOM), wildlife trafficking,
region, Eastern Africa is home to half of the world’s piracy and drug trafficking. TIP/SOM along the Eastern
population infected with and affected by HIV and AIDS, Route (from the Horn of Africa to Yemen and the
including vulnerable populations such as people who Gulf) and Southern Route (from the Horn of Africa to
use drugs and those in prison. Southern Africa and onwards) has increased in recent
years, with more incidents of abuse, and impunity for
Renewed hostilities and outbreaks of violence have perpetrators.6 Furthermore, the Northern Route, into
continued to undermine human security in already Sudan and Egypt, on to Libya and then to Europe across
fragile contexts. Somalia, as the most fragile state the Mediterranean, continues to be a major route plied
in the region, has become an epicentre for criminal by traffickers and smugglers alike.
networks and terrorism, and Eastern Africa has
continued to be affected by threats from the Somalia-
based organization Al-Shabaab. Attacks by Al-Shabaab 4 Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda.
5 Somalia Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and
have included international targets, such as the UN Eritrea submitted in accordance with resolution 2111 (2013),
Somalia. S/2014/726, p.8.
6 UNODC Maritime and Transnational Organized Crime
Programme, Eastern Route from the Horn & East Africa.
1 Reference to “Tanzania” includes Zanzibar. Prevalence of Human Trafficking and Smuggling of Migrants,
2 The World Bank, GDP Ranking, April 2015, accessed at: http:// Main Migration Routes and Analysis, Conference Paper,
data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/GDP-ranking-table unpublished; UNODC Maritime and Transnational Organized
3 See for example, Africa Business, Kenya strengthening regional Crime Programme, Southern Route. From the Horn & East
economic powerhouse status – IMF, 6 October 2014, accessed Africa. Prevalence of Human Trafficking and Smuggling of
at: http://africabusiness.com/2014/10/06/kenya-strengthening- Migrants, Main Migration Routes and Analysis, Conference
regional-economic-powerhouse-status-imf/ Paper, unpublished.
1
The smuggling of natural resources has increased in Route.”14 It is estimated that the majority of heroin is
several ways during the last decade. For example, while shipped further; for example, to supply markets in the
a ban on the Somali charcoal trade was introduced United Kingdom, Nigeria or South Africa.15
in 2012,7 it continues to be violated. It is estimated
that upwards of one million bags of charcoal are The increase in heroin trafficking has contributed to
exported monthly from Kismayo and other ports.8 A the increase in heroin use along the Kenyan coast,
2013 UNODC report, “Transnational Organized Crime in Nairobi, and possibly in Western Kenya. Drug use
in Eastern Africa: A Threat Assessment” indicated continues to exact a significant toll on the populations
that consumer demand for ivory in Eastern Asia has in the region.16 While drug use, including heroin,
spurred a new wave of poaching in Africa, including is documented in the region, evidence-based drug
in the Eastern region.9 In 2011 alone, between 4% prevention, science-based drug treatment, and HIV
and 11% of Eastern Africa’s elephant population was prevention and treatment services for this population
killed for its tusks. As some countries in the region are remains inadequate. In addition, the countries of
transportation hubs on the continent, the region has Eastern Africa continue to face challenges in addressing
become a major gateway for raw tusks being shipped the health needs of specific groups among most-at-risk
to East Asia. Widespread corruption in the region populations, such as women, children, adolescents
facilitates large-scale smuggling, and this is particularly and people in prison. Finally, access to pain medication
noticeable at ports, from which large amounts of ivory continues to be a significant challenge in the region.
are smuggled.10
Eastern Africa is a place where some of the
During the period of the last Regional Programme aforementioned ‘markets’ meet – people are smuggled
(2009-2015), piracy in the region spiked and then through (and from), trafficked heroin transits, ivory
declined.11 Piracy off the Horn of Africa has remained is smuggled out – and all serve different overseas
relatively stable at a low level, but may resume if markets. Most of these markets tie together the
conditions are favourable. While many pirates have developing and fragile states of the region, and allow
been arrested and prosecuted, many financiers and networks to exploit the comparative advantages of the
facilitators have gone unpunished. These actors are sub-regions. Networks also overlap with each other:
currently laundering their proceeds and investing in criminal networks overlap with terrorist cells, pirate
new forms of business, which may be undermining the groups and/or drug trafficking networks. Most of these
legitimate economy.12 criminal networks originate in fragile states, but cross
over into the others. The international community
Heroin trafficking to and through the Eastern Africa has underscored such links, noting that terrorism
coastal region from South Asia, as well as regional profits from illicit activities, including trafficking of
opiate use, has risen in volume, corresponding with arms, persons, drugs, natural resources, as well as
more sizeable maritime cargo seizures;13 Eastern Africa kidnapping and extortion, and the UN Security Council
is an important transit hub on the so-called “Southern urged Member States to address illicit financial flows,
corruption, the drug problem and related crimes.17
There is, however, a serious shortage of available
data and understanding of how criminal and terrorist
networks interrelate at the regional and country levels.
7 United Nations Security Council Resolution 2038 (2012).
8 Somalia Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea
submitted in accordance with resolution 2111 (2013), Somalia.
S/2014/726, p.11.
9 UNODC (2013) Transnational Organized Crime in Eastern 14 For more information on the Southern Route, see UNODC
Africa: A Threat Assessment. (2015) Afghan Opiate Trafficking through the Southern Route,
10 UNODC, The Illegal Ivory Trade in East Africa, Draft Paper, accessed at: http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-
unpublished, p.14. analysis/Studies/Afghan_opiate_trafficking_southern_route_
11 UNODC (2013) Transnational Organized Crime in Eastern web.pdf
Africa: A Threat Assessment. 15 However, there is a lack of data on the destination markets.
12 Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea UNODC, Maritime Drug Trafficking in the Indian Ocean,
pursuant to Security Council resolution 2111 (2013). Somalia. Conference Paper, unpublished.
S/2014/726, p.8. 16 Harm Reduction International (2014) The Global State of Harm
13 UNODC, Maritime Drug Trafficking in the Indian Ocean, Reduction 2014, p.122.
Conference Paper, unpublished. 17 UNSCR 2195 (2014)
2
REGIONAL PROGRAMME 2016-2021
Another cross-cutting issue, illicit financial flows (IFFs) In addition, the inaccessibility of the formal justice
have been recognized by governments, civil society systems leaves some groups particularly vulnerable,
organizations, and the international community as including women,22 whose access to justice is often
a priority policy issue for economic development, denied.23 In the absence of formal justice institutions,
governance and security. The recognition that IFFs are a various informal mechanisms often fill the gap with
fundamental determinant for the abilities of all African varying levels of acceptance by the population. Such
countries to ensure sustainable domestic resources informal mechanisms may include forms of violent
has created a hard link between crime prevention retribution, such as vigilantism and mob justice, to
and sustainable development. From a public policy deep-rooted traditional justice mechanisms that are
point of view, preventing and mitigating the risk of respected and adhered to by local communities. Some
IFFs demands a rigorous approach to policy coherence countries in the region encourage the use of traditional
across institutions and ministries, both to harness justice mechanisms in their constitutions; however,
synergies and to avoid conflicting policies. the exact legal status of informal agreements and
cooperation with the formal legal systems remains
Corruption and weak rule of law facilitate, and vague.
sometimes foster, criminal networks and the markets
they serve. Even though most countries of the region
have ratified the UN Convention against Corruption 1.2. UNODC’s Presence and
(UNCAC),18 many government systems lack sufficient Accomplishments in the
integrity and accountability frameworks. For example,
Region
the region has been wracked by some high-level
corruption scandals,19 reports of misappropriation of UNODC has had a presence in Nairobi since 1988,
funds,20 and procurement-related scandals. through its Regional Office for Eastern Africa (ROEA).
It is mandated to assist Member States in their struggle
The weakness of the rule of law in the region varies; against illicit drugs, crime and terrorism. UNODC work
results from the World Justice Project’s Rule of Law to date has led to an expansion of its geographical
Index for 2014 highlight that Sub-Saharan Africa presence, with the establishment of a dedicated
generally suffers from crime and vigilante justice, and country programme and programme office in Ethiopia,
that the legal systems are not accessible to ordinary presence across Somalia (including Somaliland and
citizens.21 In the Eastern Africa region, formal justice Puntland), as well as presence in Tanzania and the
institutions typically have inadequate financial, physical Seychelles.
and human resources to perform their mandates
efficiently and effectively. Lack of coordination between The overall objective of the first RP (2009-2015) was
law enforcement, prosecution services, courts and ‘to support the efforts of Member States in the region
corrections institutions also leads to inefficiencies. While to respond to evolving human security threats, with a
several countries do have regulatory frameworks for focus on achieving a tangible impact’. ROEA supported
alternative sentencing (e.g. Probation and Community governments in the region in their fight against maritime
Service Orders), capacity for implementation is largely crime, especially piracy; trafficking in persons and
insufficient to relieve the pressure on the prison system. smuggling of migrants; corruption; terrorism; and HIV/
AIDS through a variety of programmes that aimed at
18 Somalia is not a State Party to UNCAC.

19 See, for example, The Guardian, “The UK and International
Donors suspend Tanzania aid after corruption claims,” 22 See, for example, Penal Reform International
October 2014, accessed at http://www.theguardian.com/ (2015), “Who are Women Prisoners. Survey
global-development/2014/oct/13/uk-and-international-donors-
suspend-tanzania-aid-after-corruption-claims
Results from Uganda,” accessed at: http://www.
20 Somalia Report of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea penalreform.org/resource/who-are-women-prisoners-
submitted in accordance with resolution 2111 (2013). Somalia. survey-results-from-uganda/.
S/2014/726, p.9. 23 See, for example Alejandro Bendana and Tanja Chopra (2013)
21 World Justice Project (2014). Rule of Law Index, p. 41, accessed Women’s Rights, State-Centric Rule of Law, and Legal Pluralism
at http://worldjusticeproject.org/publication/rule-law-index- in Somaliland. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law, 5.1, pp. 44-
reports/rule-law-index-2014-report 73.
3
bolstering the countries’ rule of law and justice systems. implementation of evidence-based school and family-
Activities under the RP focused mainly on Kenya, based skills development programmes. Regarding drug
Ethiopia and Somalia with minor interventions in the treatment, major efforts continue to build capacity to
other countries.24 The regional and global programmes implement evidence-based drug dependence treatment
that are currently implemented in the region (see and care in the region. There is a range of Treatnet25
annex 4) are all predicated on a variety of project- trainers in the region who are actively working on
based agreements with the respective governments or drug demand reduction, and also available to support
other partners. The Nairobi Declaration (2009) laid the other countries in their improvement of services for
groundwork for continued programming on rule of law the treatment of drug use disorders. UNODC actively
and human security in the region (see annex 7). The supports the African Union in its efforts to develop
Declaration was informed through technical working technical guidelines for the treatment of drug use
groups, and signed by delegates from 12 countries. disorders, to train policy makers and for overall technical
assistance in the area of health and drug demand
UNODC programming responded to an increased reduction. Rapid assessments have been conducted on
acknowledgement that strengthening governance in drug use, drug use prevention and drug dependence
the region will make Eastern Africa less vulnerable to treatment services. Target countries included Comoros,
domestic and transnational crime and will serve the Seychelles, Tanzania, and Uganda. In the field of HIV
population with justice. While some interventions had in prison settings, UNODC has been actively working
a regional focus, such as combating maritime crime, with prison services in Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania, to
UNODC’s work on criminal justice reform supported increase the access of prisoners and prison staff to the
reforms of national justice systems. For example, in comprehensive package of recommended interventions
Kenya, election-related violence in 2007 opened the to prevent and treat HIV in prison settings. In the
door to undertake major reforms of the National Police context of HIV, prison and drug use, UNODC has also
Service, coupled with the adoption of a new constitution been supporting countries with the introduction of
and a change of leadership in the Judiciary. UNODC has sustainable livelihood initiatives to support the recovery
been supporting this development, and has become a of people who use and inject drugs.
major stakeholder in the police reform process in Kenya.
Ethiopia has also launched a process of criminal justice UNODC has also focused on support to the ratification
reform, with UNODC as a trusted key partner, and of the UN Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) and
Somalia has opened to international support through the UN Convention against Transnational Organized
the New Deal / Compact, with UNODC as integral part Crime (UNTOC), and to date, of the 13 countries in the
of the UN integrated mission. Furthermore, UNODC region, 11 have signed and ratified UNCAC,26 while 12
has already been actively involved in criminal justice have signed and ratified the UNTOC and its protocols.27
reform in Somaliland. States Parties to UNCAC agreed to an Implementation
Review Mechanism (IRM), the first cycle of which
In the health sector, related to drug prevention and focused on Chapters III (Criminalization) and IV
drug use disorder treatment, including issues of HIV/ (International Cooperation). With UNODC assistance,
AIDS, UNODC supported increased access to medically the first round of reviews in Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya,
assisted drug treatment, resulting in significantly Madagascar, Mauritius, Rwanda, Seychelles, Tanzania,
increased safety for people who inject drugs and and Uganda are complete, and that of Djibouti is
their families. UNODC supported ongoing efforts to nearing completion.28 The second cycle of the IRM
disseminate drug use prevention activities in line with focusing on Chapters II (Preventive measures) and
international standards. For example, UNODC has V (Asset Recovery) will commence in 2016. The IRM
been supporting both Kenya and Ethiopia with the provides a platform for identifying technical assistance
24 UNODC (2015) In-Depth Final Evaluation of the Regional 25 For more information on Treatment, see https://www.unodc.
Programme for Eastern Africa “Promoting the Rule of Law and org/treatment/en/index.html
Human Security” 2009-2015, Independent Evaluation Unit, 26 Somalia and Eritrea are not States Parties to the UNCAC.
p.3, accessed at https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/evaluation/ 27 Somalia is not a State Party to the UNTOC.
indepth-evaluations-2015.html 28 As of 20 July 2016.
4
needs and validating them based on collected evidence

and peer reviews. This provides a good foundation for
needs-based programming in the area of corruption.
As the second cycle gets underway, it is predicted that
technical assistance will increasingly be identified by
the IRM and less through ad hoc requests.
UNODC has supported Member States in the region,

in particular Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia,
to strengthen their criminal justice responses against
terrorism. Activities included technical assistance for
the ratification of the international legal instruments
against terrorism, the incorporation of their provisions
into national legislation, and capacity building
for criminal justice officials, with special focus on
international cooperation in criminal matters pertaining
to terrorism and human rights in countering terrorism.
5
2 Purpose of the Regional Programme
The main objective of this Regional Programme (RP) Goal 3: ‘Ensure healthy lives and promote well-
is to continue to enhance the rule of law and human being for all, at all ages’
security across the region. The RP guides UNODC’s UNODC’s mandate specifically encompasses targets
work in the region, to provide a framework for action 3.3, to end the epidemic of AIDS and other diseases,
that addresses current needs and is flexible enough and 3.5, to ‘Strengthen the prevention and treatment
to respond to emerging threats and changes in of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and
Member State priorities. The RP provides an umbrella harmful use of alcohol’. Science and evidence-based
to meaningfully combine ongoing and future global, health interventions specific to drug use prevention,
regional and country-specific programming, to ensure drug treatment and rehabilitation and HIV will
overarching responses to transnational issues, and to contribute to this goal;
increase synergies and cooperation between various
areas of UNODC’s mandates. Goal 5: ‘Achieve gender equality and empower all
women and girls’
Under this RP, UNODC proposes to continue to support Under this Goal, UNODC supports Member States to
interventions to achieve security, justice and health achieve target 5.2, ‘Eliminating all forms of violence
priorities in the region by delivering legal and technical against all women and girls in the public and private
assistance to address transnational organized crime spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other
(TOC), corruption, terrorism, criminal justice and police types of exploitation’. Criminal justice activities will
reform, access to justice, and health initiatives related aim to respond to sexual and gender based violence in
to drug use prevention, treatment and rehabilitation as national systems, and work under the RP’s transnational
well as HIV prevention and care among persons who organized crime pillar will aim to prevent trafficking in
inject drugs and those in prison. persons in and through the region, in alignment with
this goal;
Further, the RP is set out to ensure that Member States
receive the required assistance to be able to achieve the Goal 15: ‘Protect, restore and promote sustainable
goals they signed up to as defined in the new global use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage
agenda for development, the Sustainable Development forests, combat desertification, and halt and
Goals (SDGs). The SDGs require a holistic approach to reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity
address the root causes of the challenges to security, loss’
rule of law and health. All of UNODC’s mandates reflect Through its work on wildlife and forest crime,
universal aspirations embedded within the SDGs, and UNODC will help Member States reach target 15.7,
UNODC has the technical expertise and experience ‘Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking
in capacity building in the region to support Member of protected species of flora and fauna and address
States in reaching those goals, including: both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products’.
Activities against transnational organized crime will,
among others, tackle the wildlife trade, notably ivory,
in contribution towards this goal;
6
Goal 16: ‘Promote peaceful and inclusive societies The connection between Aspiration/Pillar 3 and
for sustainable development, provide access to Sustainable Development Goal 16 is a clear example
justice for all and build effective, accountable and of the two Agendas sharing a similar objective. For
inclusive institutions at all levels’ example:
This goal covers a wide array of UNODC’s mandates
and will be central to the activities of this RP; • Regarding Pillar 3: “An Africa of good
governance, democracy, respect for human
Goal 17: ‘Strengthen the means of implementation rights, justice and the rule of law”, UNODC
and revitalize the global partnership for supports African countries in the areas of
sustainable development’ crime prevention and criminal justice reform,
Systemic issues under goal 17 underlie the ability addressing gender-based violence, international
of Member States to achieve the other 16 goals. cooperation in criminal matters, and anti-
UNODC is well-placed to convene multi-stakeholder corruption.
partnerships at the international level, and to assist • Regarding Pillar 4: “A peaceful and secure
Member States in convening them at the local level, Africa”, UNODC assists African countries in
to improve policy coherence, as well as enhance data the area of terrorism prevention, counter drug
availability, monitoring and accountability through trafficking, combating organized crime, firearms
capacity building and technical assistance. control, preventing and countering trafficking
in persons and smuggling of migrants, and
The SDGs also align with the Aspirations/Pillars maritime crime.
developed by the African Union (AU) in its Agenda
2063. Agenda 2063 is an aspirational document, The AU has already developed several strategies related
highlighting key areas to be addressed that neatly fit to these Aspirations/Pillars, as well as several Agenda
within UNODC’s mandate. The AU has recognized the 2063 ‘flagship projects’ that may provide key entry
detrimental impact that drugs, crime and corruption points for UNODC to support Member States to combat
have on development efforts. In Agenda 2063, the TOC; for example, the creation of an African passport,
AU outlines its approach to learning lessons from the the development of continental financial institutions,
past, building on progress and strategically exploiting the ‘silencing the guns’ initiative and the concept of a
all opportunities available to ensure positive socio- single African air transport market.
economic transformation within the next 50 years.
Agenda 2063 recognizes the threat and risks posed to In the context of the SDGs and the AU 2063 Agenda,
its vision by TOC, the drug trade, illicit financial flows the RP will mainstream crime & drug control in the
and corruption, setting the foundation for strategic development agenda, strengthen the policy dialogue
response. with regional and national stakeholders in promoting
the rule of law, improve the dialogue/cooperation with
civil society, and support “knowledge networks” across
the region. (See Annex 6 for a list of SDGs and related
targets that will be the focus of the RP.)
7
Strategic Approach: holistic,
3 evidence-based, integrated, flexible,
and cooperative
The international community’s response to the A variety of synergies exist between the pillars (sub-
aforementioned threats in the region has not been as programmes) of the RP; for example, between
effective as possible, often due to the silo-ed treatment terrorism and transnational organized crime; the work
of drug trafficking, human trafficking, terrorism, undertaken against maritime crimes and wildlife crime
drug use prevention and drug treatment, and HIV/ (including fisheries); between corruption and law
AIDS as distinct topics that are not related. There are enforcement training; between illicit financial flows
cross-cutting issues that underpin these issues, such and terrorism prevention. One of the main objectives
as a weak rule of law, corruption, and illicit financial of the RP is to mainstream key cross-cutting issues into
flows. UNODC’s capacity to combat corruption and to the relevant sub-programmes, including strengthening
strengthen countries’ justice systems are key features anti-corruption frameworks and capacities in other
in the fight against transnational crime, the prevention UNODC mandate areas.
of terrorism, and addressing the health risks and needs
of people who use drugs and people in prison. UNODC The RP will also work to ensure that UNODC’s technical
is in a prime position to address such issues holistically, assistance and capacity building in the region is
identifying links between such threats, to create evidence-based. UNODC aims to position itself as
increased understanding of their relatedness, and to a thought leader and knowledge partner on issues
develop programme responses emphasizing synergies. where its mandates intersect in the region. In order
to allow for increased understanding of how criminal
The strategic approach of the RP is an integrated one, networks overlap (e.g. the role of drug trafficking or
designed to minimize silo-ing of programming in the wildlife crime in financing terrorism), ROEA requires
region, by providing a flexible framework under which capacity to provide analytical support to all thematic
synergies can be distinctly captured and addressed. pillars. Such capacity would allow UNODC to monitor
Specific RP indicators capture cross-cutting issues and trends as organized crime, terrorism and corruption
programmatic synergies, and how the RP germinates evolve in the region. Having dedicated resources to
additional initiatives: this endeavour would allow UNODC to collect data
Regional Programme Level Outcome

Member States have an enhanced rule of law and improved human security, particularly through cross-sectoral responses
based upon multi-stakeholder partnerships, and an enhanced capacity to meet their security, justice and health priorities
under the Sustainable Development Goals
Regional Programme Level Indicators

1. Number of cross-cutting elements of projects that have been identified, developed and implemented
2. Number of new initiatives with partners and donors germinated by the RP
8
on crime networks, and generate analysis that will be Human Rights are at the core of all work of the United
able to distil programmatic implications with a view Nations system. With its expertise, in the areas of the
to providing tailored assistance to Member States. rule of law, crime prevention, criminal justice and
Further, as Member States seek assistance to provide security sector reform, as well as drug prevention,
data and reporting on targets for the SDGs, having treatment and care, UNODC has the potential to
in-house analytical capacity would be a resource for significantly contribute to promoting human rights in
Member States, to assist in the improvement of the criminal justice systems. Consequently, the projects
availability and quality of their data collection, analysis under this RP will be developed in line with human
and reporting on drugs and crime in line with their rights standards and the activities will be planned with
international obligations. the view to maximize their positive impact on human
rights. UNODC’s assistance is based on the United
The RP for Eastern Africa reflects UNODC’s Integrated Nations standards and norms in crime prevention and
Programming Approach, which aims to improve criminal justice, which provide a collective vision of how
effectiveness of interventions and incorporate the criminal justice systems should be structured and help
principles of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness to significantly promote more effective and fair criminal
(2005) and the Accra Agenda for Action (2008) into justice structures. In line with its 2012 position paper
UNODC programming (e.g. programme ownership by on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights,31
Member States, synchronization of action with national/ UNODC requires that its partners in implementing
regional policies and priorities, and better coordination the RP, including in particular national counterparts
with donors and partners). Objectives in the region and civil society organizations, also promote human
will be achieved through synergy between UNODC rights principles. This is reflected in the RP’s logframe,
programmes that are implemented in the region or in particular in outcomes related to capacity building
relevant programmes in other regions,29 regional of national authorities. Particular attention will also be
and country-level activities. The RP will build on the given to the United Nations system-wide policy, “Human
strength of global programmes and complement this rights due diligence policy on United Nations support
work regionally. to non-United Nations security forces.”32 In addition,
the focus on supporting the implementation of SDGs
Where appropriate, new programme initiatives will and measuring progress through specific indicators will
be developed following the guidance of UNODC’s demonstrate the impact of UNODC’s interventions on
Thematic Programmes, and will feed into their the promotion of human rights already mainstreamed
objectives. Initiatives under the RP will build upon in the relevant SDGs (and in particular SDG 16).
UNODC core competencies and areas of expertise,
and a conscious effort will be made to link up with Gender will be mainstreamed in the formulation,
other UN partners, international organizations, NGOs development, implementation, monitoring and
and civil society organizations to complement work evaluation of the activities under the RP. All the
and divide tasks, aiming at efficient funds utilization.30 activities of the RP will be designed in a gender
The RP will continue UNODC’s contribution towards sensitive, manner taking into account the separate
ensuring that global standards and norms (i.e. UNCAC, needs of women and men. UNODC’s assistance will
UNTOC, drug conventions, UN standards and norms on be based on relevant international standards and
criminal justice and crime prevention, UN International norms, including the Convention on the Elimination
Standards on Drug Use Prevention, legal instruments of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the
against terrorism, etc.) are effectively inserted in updated Model Strategies and Practical Measures on
regional and national agendas. the Elimination of Violence against Women in the
Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, the UN
Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-
29 For example, the Afghan Opiate Trade Project (GLOV20)

30 Further details on how the RP aligns itself with various initiatives 31 See https://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-
(UNDAFs and UNDAPs, the Khartoum Process, the Indian reform/UNODC_Human_rights_position_paper_2012.pdf
Ocean Forum on Maritime Crime, Somali Compact and the UN 32 Human Rights Due Diligence Policy on UN Support to Non-UN
Integrated Strategic Framework) can be found in Annex 5. Security Forces (2013.) A/67/775-S/2013/110
9
custodial Measures for Women Offenders (Bangkok

Rules) and relevant Crime Commission resolutions,
and the Guidance Note for UNODC Staff on Gender
mainstreaming in the work of UNODC.
UNODC projects and activities under all pillars will apply

a gender-sensitive and gender-responsive approach.
In addition, data collection and proposed activities
will look at gender differences in relevant areas of
work. UNODC will strive to not only consider gender
mainstreaming in the context of obtaining equal
participation of men and women in training activities,
but to also counter persisting stereotypes and to
ensure the application of international best practices by
national institutions. Further consideration will be given
to the removal of obstacles to secure equal access of
men and women to UNODC activities and encouraging
national authorities to take active measures to
increase the number of women professionals among
national agencies. Partnerships with civil society will be
developed and strengthened (in line with UNODC and
national rules and regulations) so as to raise awareness
of these issues
10
4 Scope and Structure of the Regional
Programme
The RP is structured in 5 pillars to support the overall The main objective of this pillar is to promote and
objective of enhancing the rule of law and human support effective responses to transnational organized
security in the region: crime, illicit trafficking, and illicit drug trafficking at
the legal, technical and policy level. There is a need to
Pillar I Countering Transnational Organized Crime capture the inter-regional nature of TOC, and the RP will
and Trafficking
provide the basis for developing or extending targeted
Pillar II Countering Corruption initiatives, including “networking the networks” of law
Pillar III Terrorism Prevention enforcement and judicial personnel.
Pillar IV Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Expected Outcomes Pillar I: Countering
Pillar V Prevention of Drug Use, Treatment and Care Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking
of Drug Use Disorders and HIV and AIDS
1.1. Member States have increased law enforcement,
Prevention and Care
prosecutorial, judicial and analytical capacity
to combat drug trafficking, money laundering,
trafficking in persons, smuggling of migrants,
The outcomes, outputs and activities under each cybercrime (including online child exploitation
pillar are informed by the initiatives started under the and abuse), wildlife and forest crimes, and other
previous RP, but also include the development and forms of transnational organized crime
implementation of new initiatives. New programming 1.2. Member States have enforcement structures
will be based on Members States’ priorities, strategic in selected sea/dry ports to minimize the risk
of maritime containers being exploited for
information and analysis, as well as existing projects, trafficking of various illicit goods, and other forms
experience, and partnerships. The activities will continue of organized crime
to focus at three levels: inter-regionally (through global
1.3. Member States have improved capabilities and
and inter-Field Office programming), regionally, and capacities of their criminal justice systems to
at national level. Efforts will be made to support all carry out effective prevention and prosecution of
countries in the region; in some, this may take the maritime crimes
shape of influencing policy, or providing advocacy

and advice, while for others it may include technical Amongst the priority areas under Pillar I will be TIP/
cooperation, provision of services and initiatives on the SOM, the use of transport networks (air and sea) for
ground. trafficking, tackling illicit financial flows and money
laundering (where these pertain to UNODC mandate
areas), as well as emerging threats that require urgent
4.1 Pillar I: Countering response. Many of these issues are cross-cutting,
Transnational Organized Crime with linkages to corruption and justice; for example,
proceeds of corruption are illicit financial flows.
and Trafficking
Inasmuch as TOC weakens the rule of law and Through its regional programming and the six specialist
state structures while bolstering the nexus between global programmes that are active in the region,
corruption and insecurity, it is clearly a ‘spoiler’ when it the RP brings together a range of UNODC expertise
comes to achieving sustainable and equitable growth. and experience to tackle organized crime in Eastern
11
Africa. UNODC will continue to work against TIP/ 4.2 Pillar II: Countering Corruption
SOM by strengthening the criminal justice response
of governments of the region, in particular Djibouti, Corruption is one of the major issues that inter alia
Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania, through diverts funds away from sustainable and equitable
technical assistance and capacity building. This will growth, undermines governments’ ability to
be in line with the ‘Khartoum Process’, in an inter- provide basic services, feeds inequality and injustice,
regional effort with the UNODC Middle East and North contributes to marginalization and radicalization, and
Africa region. Cybercrime programming will support discourages foreign investment. The main objective of
Member States’ law enforcement, prosecutorial and this pillar is to support Member States to prevent and
judicial authorities addressing cybercrime and handling combat corruption through effective implementation
electronic evidence, including raising public awareness of the United Nations Convention against Corruption
on threats about cybercrime and countering online (UNCAC).
child sexual exploitation. Programming to counter
money laundering will provide support to regional Expected Outcomes Pillar II: Countering
states’ Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) and other law Corruption
enforcement agencies addressing money laundering. 2.1. Member States actively and effectively participate
Activities against drug trafficking in the region will in and follow up on the Implementation Review
Mechanism of UNCAC
focus on the importation of Afghan heroin to Tanzania
and Kenya, and will be implemented through the Indian 2.2. Member States, assisted by UNODC, have
Ocean Forum on Maritime Crime. The Container Control increased capacity for implementation of all
chapters of the UNCAC
Programme (CCP) in Eastern Africa is implemented in
partnership with the Global Programme to combat
Wildlife and Forest Crime, focusing initially on Kenya, The UNCAC Implementation Review Mechanism (IRM)
Tanzania and Uganda. Extension of the geographical will continue, primarily supported by UNODC global
focus is foreseen to one or two additional countries in programming. A second cycle of reviews will commence
the region during 2016-2021. in June 2016 and will focus on Chapters II (Preventive
Measures) and V (Asset Recovery). Complementing
Taking into account the changing nature of piracy and the normative work of supporting peer reviews under
maritime crime in Eastern Africa, and the trickle-down the IRM, the RP will support the implementation of
effects that efforts in countering piracy have had in relevant recommendations stemming from the review
the region, UNODC will continue to support Member process in countries of the region. Several countries
State responses to such crimes in the maritime context. including Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius and
The Global Maritime Crime Programme (GMCP) will Tanzania have expressed a strong interest in following
continue to focus on training of coastguard, police and up on the recommendations emanating from the first
legal personnel in tackling all forms of maritime crime review cycle.
in Kenya, Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia and Tanzania,
and providing suitable trial and prison facilities for these The anti-corruption pillar will retain its focus on
and other serious crimes in the same states. Under this Somalia, where anti-corruption activities under the
RP, GMCP will provide support to effective maritime New Deal will be expanded. Also, in cooperation with
law enforcement capacity, including secure courts UNDP under the One UN Tanzania framework, existing
and prison accommodation in the regions of Somalia; ad hoc anti-corruption support will be developed into
support to secure and humane imprisonment in the a more comprehensive programme. This support will
prisons of Puntland and Somaliland holding transferred be extended into other countries as the opportunity
piracy prisoners; and support to authorities addressing arises. Depending on the availability of funding, the
piracy and other maritime crime. placement of specialized anti-corruption expertise in
ROEA and Member States will be undertaken.
12
Corruption impacts virtually every sphere of activity fighters and other major terrorism-related challenges;
in both the public and private sectors in the region. and facilitate the development of a regional strategy on
The RP will aim to address corruption concerns across counter terrorism in partnership with the African Union.
all thematic pillars and will continue to support anti-
corruption initiatives as part of judicial or police reform In addition, work under this pillar will aim to respond to
programmes, in prisons and in the natural resource emerging trends that cut across pillars of the RP, such as
sector. The extension of anti-corruption support to the nexus between TOC and terrorism; and supporting
other UNODC thematic areas will contribute to the crime and violence prevention, including radicalization.
overall programme outcome of achieving increased
synergies between pillars. Global level policy and programme coordination
pertaining to terrorism prevention (such as concerning
CTITF, UNCCT, UNCTED, GCTF) as well as partnerships
4.3 Pillar III: Terrorism Prevention with relevant regional organizations (e.g. with IGAD
and in coordination with the AU) will be ensured, under
The challenge posed by terrorism to security, stability the lead of and in synergy with UNODC HQ.
and development in Eastern Africa was highlighted by
recent attacks across the region, which further recalled
the need to mount a comprehensive response ranging 4.4 Pillar IV: Crime Prevention and
from legal assistance to building the capacity of law Criminal Justice
enforcement, public prosecutors and the judiciary to
prevent and counter this threat. The main objective of The main objective of this pillar is to strengthen the
this pillar is to promote and strengthen a functional rule of law through the prevention of crime and the
criminal justice regime against terrorism that is effective promotion of effective, fair, humane and accountable
and is implemented by Member States in accordance criminal justice systems in line with the United Nations
with the rule of law. standards and norms in crime prevention and criminal
justice and other relevant international instruments.
Expected Outcomes Pillar III: Terrorism Several Member States of the region are currently
Prevention undergoing major justice reform processes, some of
3.1. Member States have an enhanced capacity to which have already benefited from UNODC’s expertise.
undertake effective investigation, prosecution These ongoing processes provide a solid platform
and adjudication of terrorism-related offences in
for replication and networking both intra- and inter-
conformity with the rule of law and human rights
regionally.
3.2. Member States have enhanced national counter-
terrorism legal frameworks in conformity with
Expected Outcomes Pillar IV: Crime Prevention
international requirements
and Criminal Justice
3.3 Member States have an enhanced capacity to
4.1. Member States conduct effective, efficient
undertake rule of law-based criminal justice
and sustainable reforms of justice and law
measures to prevent and counter violent
enforcement institutions, thereby increasing
extremism, foreign terrorist fighters and other
access to justice
major terrorism-related challenges
4.2. Member States have an improved quality,
efficiency and fairness of the criminal justice
UNODC’s work under this pillar will include: assisting process, including catering to the needs of
Member States with capacity building initiatives vulnerable groups
aiming at improving investigation, prosecution and 4.3. Member States put in place comprehensive
adjudication for terrorism-related offences; support crime prevention, rehabilitation and reintegration
programmes
to the ratification of the 19 international legal
instruments against terrorism, with the adoption of
legal frameworks to fulfil the obligations associated Under this pillar, UNODC will continue to provide
therein; capacity building for rule of law-based criminal technical assistance and advisory services to Member
justice responses to terrorism and related measures to States to establish and/or strengthen criminal justice
prevent and counter violent extremism, foreign terrorist systems in accordance with international human rights
13
standards and norms. A key operational principle will Expected Outcomes Pillar V: Prevention of
be to support Member States in addressing crime Drug Use, Treatment and Care of Drug Use
prevention and criminal justice reform from a broad Disorders and HIV and AIDS Prevention and
Care
perspective – including oversight, accountability and
integrity. This approach recognizes the links between 5.1. Member States have increased access to state-of-
the-art information to guide national planning,
different institutions and actors in the criminal programming and implementation activities in the
justice system, from those involved in prevention, fields of drug use prevention, drug dependence,
investigation, prosecution, adjudication, prisons, and treatment and rehabilitation, access to controlled
narcotic drugs and psychoactive substances
reintegration. It will include particular attention to
for medical and scientific purposes, and
vulnerable groups through a focus on access to justice comprehensive HIV harm reduction services.
and legal empowerment initiatives, prison reform and
5.2. Member States implement and scale-up evidence-
activities promoting crime prevention (specifically in based drug prevention
regards to women and children). It will also work to
5.3. Member States implement and scale-up evidence
enhance international cooperation and mutual legal and science-based drug dependence treatment
assistance to improve intra- and inter-regional capacity. programmes
5.4. Member States implement and scale-up

Work under this pillar will continue to build upon evidence-based youth and gender-responsive
the various initiatives and best practices developed HIV prevention, treatment and care programmes
in fragile and development contexts. In particular, among people who use drugs and among people
in prison settings
UNODC will expand the current police reform
programme in Kenya, and engage in similar initiatives
in Ethiopia and Tanzania. It will work to strengthen of treatment, from outreach to recovery services that
the professionalism of the staff of justice institutions support the individual, family and community. HIV
and their capacities to administer justice in Burundi, prevention, treatment and reintegration activities will
Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and Uganda. In this respect, be implemented within the community, in criminal
UNODC will implement a series of integrated initiatives justice systems, and specifically with injecting drug
aimed at improving the quality and efficiency of the users, to implement comprehensive HIV harm
criminal justice process and support the establishment reduction services that are evidence-informed, gender
of alternatives to imprisonment programmes in support and youth responsive, and that are in accordance with
of prison de-congestion, offenders’ rehabilitation, and international human rights standards and norms.
prevention of recidivism. Further, UNODC will support
the development and/or implementation of national UNODC will provide technical support to Member
crime prevention policies and strategies. States and strengthen their capacity to plan, manage
and implement drug use prevention, drug dependence
treatment and rehabilitation programmes that are
4.5. Pillar V: Prevention of Drug evidence-based and that take into consideration the
Use, Treatment and Care of nature and extent of drug use and drug use disorders.
On prevention, UNODC will continue to support the
Drug Use Disorders and HIV
countries in the region to adapt, pilot and scale up
and AIDS Prevention and Care evidence-based prevention programmes implemented
The main objective of this pillar is to promote and support in families, schools and communities. Also, UNODC
the adoption and implementation of comprehensive, will continue to work with national policy makers and
evidence-based, gender and youth responsive national civil servants in charge of prevention programming, to
and regional responses addressing drug use and HIV build their capacities via regional and national training
prevention, treatment, care and support. seminars, specifically on planning prevention systems
that are based on the evidence of what is safe, effective
Drug prevention activities reflecting evidence provided and cost-beneficial in terms of preventing drug use
in international standards will focus on school- and other unhealthy behaviours. This work builds
based and family-based interventions. Science-based on the UNODC International Standards on Drug Use
treatment interventions will support the full spectrum Prevention.
14
Effective science-based drug treatment programmes In order to help Member States end the AIDS epidemic
will be encouraged in the region. UNODC will by 2030, UNODC will continue to provide tailored and
continue to utilize the training capacity within the comprehensive technical support in order to introduce
region to maximize the cascading of Treatnet training and/or strengthen national multi-sector evidence-
between countries and within the local healthcare based HIV prevention, treatment and care programmes
systems. Additionally, there will be a strategic focus on targeting both the general community and people
collecting data related to drug treatment as well as a living and working in prisons. The RP will build on the
focus on building the capacity to meet drug treatment current UNAIDS fast track strategy33 to advocate for
standards. Another area of focus will be on building strategic investment and scaling up of HIV services for
the knowledge base of policy makers and developing both people who use drugs and people in prisons.
professional standards for drug treatment programmes.
UNODC’s technical assistance in the region will
Also, in the context of UNODC’s mandate to support continue to extend to national stakeholders involved
Member States in their efforts to address the in national responses to drugs and HIV, including civil
availability of internationally controlled narcotic drugs society organizations. It will also continue to support
and psychotropic substances for medical and scientific and engage with regional and economic bodies, such
purposes, sustained advocacy and technical support as the African Union, Indian Ocean Commission,
will be provided to ensure national policies are in place East African Community, and others, in the matters
and ensure greater understanding of the importance pertaining to UNODC’s HIV and drug use prevention
of significantly reducing barriers and increasing access and treatment mandate.34
accordingly.
In regard to alternatives to imprisonment and within the

context of its health mandate, UNODC will continue to
support a comprehensive approach that is inclusive of
considerations and the need to address the livelihoods
of people who use drugs and people released from
prisons. Activities in prisons will be implemented in close
cooperation with activities under Pillar IV, and where
relevant, under Pillar I of this Regional Programme.
33 The UNAIDS 2015-2020 strategy includes a focus on Opioid

Substitution Therapy in prisons (p.10) and for other vulnerable
groups. UNAIDS, Fast-Track. Ending the AIDS Epidemic by
2030, accessed at www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_
asset/JC2686_WAD2014report_en.pdf
34 It should be noted that the UNODC work in the field of HIV
and AIDS is implemented according to the UNAIDS division
of labour and informed by the UNAIDS Strategy and Unified
Results and Accountability Framework (UBRAF). Both the
strategy and UBRAF have been developed for 2016-2021,
endorsed by the UNAIDS Programme Coordinating Board
in June 2016. The RP, although tailored to the reality of the
region, will mirror the UBRAF, which is what UNODC commits
to implement. Pillar V will realign accordingly along the process.
15
5 Programme Governance,
Management, M&E, and Outreach
5.1 Stakeholder Coordination and determine the constitution of technical working groups
Governance for their respective pillars; some of these working
groups will be project-based.35
The RP will continue to draw on the spirit of the Nairobi
Declaration, which was initially signed by 12 of 13 Key to the implementation of the RP will be partnerships
regional Member States (see annex 7). It will also be within the UN and beyond, including UN Development
based on all existing agreements, declarations, and Group Regional Teams, UN Resident Coordinators,
technical consultations which have been undertaken UN Country Teams/UNDAFs, UN Joint Teams on AIDS,
and entered into within the frame of existing projects and Delivering as One, with a view to expand joint
and programmes in the region. programming. Further, UNODC will endeavour to
create and participate in multi-stakeholder partnerships
The implementation of the RP will be monitored and aimed at helping Member States achieve the SDGs,
overseen at two levels: including through inter-regional initiatives.
Programme Level: A Steering Committee will

comprise the Nairobi-based Ambassadors of the 13 5.2 UNODC Regional Programme
countries of the region, who are accredited to the UN Management
programmes and offices based at the United Nations
Office in Nairobi. The Terms of Reference of the Steering Under the overall guidance of the Regional
Committee include bi-annual meetings to discuss the Representative, the RP will be implemented by a ROEA-
prioritization of UNODC’s work. These meetings will based team of experts for each of the pillars’ thematic
be linked to the semi- and annual reporting cycles to areas, drawing on the guidance and expertise of thematic
ensure that issues of joint concern can be flagged and programmes. Also key to the successful implementation
mitigated in a timely fashion. of the RP are the UNODC programme offices in Ethiopia
and Tanzania, as well as its presence in Somalia.
Updates will be provided to UNODC FINGOV as an
internal steering body, which includes donor and Each of the five pillars will have a programme vehicle
beneficiary countries. Annual progress reports will (pillar project) to establish the specifics of activities and
further be shared with donors (including potential implementation arrangements, as well as to absorb
donors) in order to receive guidance as well as conduct funding for implementation, including funds for project
outreach on programming. development and information gathering and strategic
analysis (contributing to an RP level research capacity).
Technical Level: Guidance on implementation will be In addition, new projects will include detailed results
provided through existing or newly formed technical- frameworks, incorporating the standard indicators
level relations at project and sub-programme level. developed by UNODC and monitoring and evaluation
Projects will be anchored in existing processes, such as aspects, as well as note their relationship to the SDGs.
the relevant UNDAFs, the Tanzania UNDAP, the IOFMC,
the Khartoum Process, and the Somalia Integrated
Strategic Framework (ISF). Programme managers will 35 For example, a technical working group exists for the Kenyan
police reform activities, of which UNODC is part.
16
5.3 Monitoring & Evaluation, and The evaluation of the RP will focus on its ability to
Reporting generate detailed programming under each pillar
and to foster synergies between pillars. More detailed
An annual progress report will be provided for the RP. results-based evaluations will be conducted at the
It will be presented to the Steering Committee, the project level in accordance with UN Evaluation Group
UNODC Programme Review Committee, FINGOV, norms and standards and UNODC evaluation policy.
national counterparts where relevant, and funding
partners (including potential donors) in order to inform
on progress. The annual progress report will be prepared 5.4 Risk Management
by the ROEA Front Office, and will contain updates on
emerging trends, and on project and programme activities, Since the RP will partly be implemented in fragile
with an emphasis on synthesized activities between contexts, UNODC is cognizant of the operating
pillars. It will also report on global programming activities environment as well as the sensitive nature of the
implemented in the region and their achievements. mandates being handled. It will develop a detailed
RISK MITIGATION
Identification Likelihood Impact Risk Mitigation Strategy
Risk 1: Adverse political events medium medium Programme managers are in contact with project
jeopardize reform willingness of partners and government partners; RP provides
governments flexibility to redirect programming.
Risk 2: Increasing security high high Programme managers are prepared to face delays or
risks jeopardize programme possible project closures and include contingency plans
implementation in some countries and flexibility in work plans to accommodate risks.
(mainly Somalia) In the case of Somalia, programme managers should
seek support from UNDP Risk Management Unit
Risk 3: Security risk to staff and medium medium Programme managers undertake relevant training
consultants due to work on criminal and keep abreast of developments in their areas of
and terrorist networks, anti- operations, liaising closely with the UN Department of
corruption activities Safety and Security to be aware of threats.
Risk 4: Funding is insufficient to medium medium ROEA Front Office and UNODC HQ develop fund
fund outcomes of the RP and its five raising strategies for the RP and pillars with insufficient
pillars funding.
Risk 5: Limited coordination medium medium Programme managers are fully engaged with partners
between partners and promote coordination and communication.
Risk 6: Changes in government low low The RP is designed with great flexibility in order to be
priorities able to adjust to changes in government priorities.
Risk 7: High turnover in Member medium high UNODC aims to secure agreements with concerned
States’ institutions institutions to ensure that the staff trained under
the auspices of the RP stay in place for an adequate
amount of time and perform the tasks they were
trained for.
Risk 7: Newly emerging crime trends medium low The RP is designed with utmost flexibility in order to be
are not captured in programming able to address emerging trends.
Risk 8: Human rights violations by medium high Human rights elements are mainstreamed in all
UNODC counterparts programming.
Risk 9: Corruption among project medium high Close attention and site visits by project management.
partners / with project funds In the case of Somalia, programme managers to seek
support from the UNDP Risk Management Unit and
involve third party monitoring strategies.
Risk 10: High staff turnover and medium medium Ensure deployment of high quality staff and aim to
short funding periods negotiate longer funding periods with donors.
Risk 11: Confusion arising from the medium medium Advance consultations with Member States through
transfer to a new funding model corporate engagement; the RP is designed to absorb
based on the principles of full cost costs associated with the new funding model.
recovery
17
strategy to mitigate security risks, including those 5.6 Resource Mobilization

as outlined in the ROEA Risk Register, to ensure the
safety and well-being of staff. While the Risk Register Resource mobilization will take place at the level of the
is updated on an annual basis and takes into account RP. It will be spearheaded by the Regional Representative,
operational and programmatic risks, risks and mitigation in close coordination and cooperation with the Co-
strategies for individual projects will be detailed within Financing and Partnership Section at UNODC HQ, the
project documents themselves. thematic sections and the Regional Section for Africa
and the Middle East. Funding opportunities at central
/ capital level will be coordinated from the onset with
5.5. Communications, Advocacy ROEA, while at local level, fundraising will also be the
and Visibility responsibility of all programme managers through local
interactions with development partners, as well as the
Advocacy and outreach initiatives are vital to the participation in calls for proposals from relevant donors.
success and visibility of UNODC’s mandates and work
in the region. Outreach initiatives, to provide visibility
for current and planned work in the region, and
consequently mobilize resources, will be undertaken.36
A detailed communications strategy for this RP and

its pillars and projects will be developed, to ensure
that information on project initiatives, successes,
or outcomes of analysis are shared with all relevant
partners. It will include monthly updates on the RP
on ROEA’s section of the UNODC website, including
related news and activities. The main objective of the
communications strategy will be to provide updates
and demonstrate successes, and to ensure that ROEA
is increasingly known for providing information on
trends and in-depth knowledge on UNODC’s thematic
areas in the region. Such efforts will also contribute to
fundraising through increased advocacy and visibility.
36 For example, through political events aligned with various

regional bodies and bilateral consultations.
18
Annexes
Annex 1: Indicative Budget
Pillar I - Countering Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking

Proposed total Secured
Outcome
budget USD Funding
Outcome 1.1: Member States have increased law enforcement, prosecutorial, 9,500,000 1,710,000
judicial and analytical capacity to combat drug trafficking, money laundering,
TIP and SOM, cybercrime (including online child sexual exploitation and abuse),
wildlife and forest crimes, and other forms of TOC
Support to Member States’ law enforcement, prosecutorial and judicial 3,000,000 560,000
authorities addressing illicit drug trafficking
authorities addressing smuggling of migrants
authorities addressing trafficking in persons
Support to Member States’ FIUs and other law enforcement agencies addressing 1,000,000 0
money laundering
Support to Member States’ law enforcement, prosecutorial and judicial and 1,500,000 550,000
wildlife authorities addressing wildlife and forest crime
Outcome 1.2: Member States have enforcement structures in selected sea/dry 2,000,000 870,000
ports to minimize the risk of maritime containers being exploited for trafficking
of various illicit goods, and other forms of organized crime
Outcome 1.3: Member States have improved capabilities and capacities of their 12,860,000 11,229,400
criminal justice systems to carry out effective prevention and prosecution of
maritime crimes
Effective maritime law enforcement capacity, including secure courts and prison 6,000,000 5,457,100
accommodation, delivered in the regions of Somalia
Secure and humane imprisonment delivered in the prisons of Puntland and 3,000,000 1,908,300
Somaliland holding transferred piracy prisoners
Authorities addressing piracy and other maritime crime in ROEA region are 3,860,000 3,864,000
supported
Total 24,360,000 13,809,400
19
Pillar II - Countering Corruption

Outcome
budget USD Funding
Outcome 2.1: Member States actively and effectively participate in and follow 3,100,000 205,000
up on the Implementation Review Mechanism of UNCAC
Outcome 2.2: Member States, assisted by UNODC, have increased capacity for 3,000,000 571,320
implementation of all chapters of the UNCAC (Somalia)
Total 6,100,000 776,320
Pillar III - Terrorism Prevention

Outcome
budget USD Funding
Outcome 3.1: Member States have an enhanced capacity to undertake effective 4,000,000 0
investigation, prosecution and adjudication of terrorism-related offences in
conformity with the rule of law and human rights
Outcome 3.2: Member States have enhanced national counter-terrorism legal 500,000 0
frameworks in conformity with international requirements
Outcome 3.3: Member States have an enhanced capacity to undertake criminal 3,000,000 0
justice measures to prevent and counter violent extremism, foreign terrorist
fighters and other major terrorism-related challenges
Total 7,500,000 0
Pillar IV - Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Outcome
budget USD Funding
Outcome 4.1: Member States conduct effective, efficient and sustainable 15,800,000 5,193,280
reforms of justice and law enforcement institutions, thereby increasing access to
justice
Outcome 4.2: Member States have an improved quality, efficiency and fairness 9,500,000 3,121,382
of the criminal justice process, including catering to the needs of vulnerable
groups
Outcome 4.3: Member States put in place comprehensive crime prevention, 7,400,000 0
rehabilitation and reintegration programmes
Total 32,700,000 8,314,662
20
Pillar V - Prevention of Drug Use, Treatment and Care of Drug Use Disorders and HIV and AIDS
Prevention and Care
Outcome
budget USD Funding
Outcome 5.1: Member States have increased access to state-of-the-art 300,000 200,000
information to guide national planning, programming and implementation
activities in the fields of drug use prevention, drug dependence, treatment and
rehabilitation, access to controlled narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances
for medical and scientific purposes and comprehensive HIV harm reduction
services
Outcome 5.2: Member States implement and scale-up evidence-based drug 3,900,000 350,000
prevention
Outcome 5.3: Member States implement and scale-up evidence and science- 1,900,000 1,300,000
based drug dependence treatment programmes
Outcome 5.4: Member States implement and scale-up evidence-based youth 5,900,000 5,200,000
and gender-responsive HIV prevention, treatment and care programmes among
people who use drugs and among people in prison settings
Total 12,000,000 7,050,000
Total Budget for Regional Programme 2016-2021

82,660,000 Million
21
Annex 2: Results and Monitoring Framework
Logical Framework
Region/Country: Eastern Project
Programme Title: Africa Number/Code:
Regional Programme for Eastern
Africa Duration: 6
Date: 2016-2021
years
Sustainable Development
Objectives/Outcomes Indicators
Goals (SDGs)
RP Objective: Member States have an 0.1.1. Number of cross-cutting SDG 3
enhanced rule of law and improved human elements of projects that have SDG 16
security, particularly through cross-sectoral been identified, developed and
responses based upon multi- stakeholder implemented
partnerships, and an enhanced capacity
Baseline: 1 (wildlife crime and
to meet their security, justice and health
corruption)
priorities under the Sustainable Development
Goals Target: 5 by 2021
0.2.1. Number of new initiatives with

partners and donors germinated by
the RP
Baseline: 0
Target: 12 initiatives (2) per year
Pillar I Objective: Promote and support effective responses to transnational SDG target 15.7
organized crime, illicit trafficking, and illicit drug trafficking at the legal, technical and SDG target 16.2
policy level SDG target 16.4
Outcome 1.1. Member States have increased Number of officials citing usefulness
law enforcement, prosecutorial, judicial and of training provided by UNODC
analytical capacity to combat drug trafficking, in preventing, investigating and
money laundering, trafficking in persons, prosecuting drug trafficking,
smuggling of migrants, cybercrime (including trafficking in persons, smuggling of
online child sexual exploitation and abuse), migrants, wildlife and forest crimes,
wildlife and forest crimes, and other forms of cybercrime, money laundering,
transnational organized crime and other forms of transnational
organized crime
Baseline: 0 (measurement of
usefulness will start 2016)
Target: At least 300 Officials per
year (total 1800 Officials by 2021)
undertake training by UNODC and
cite usefulness
1.1.2. Number of Member States
in receipt of integrated UNODC
assistance that have developed
coherent policies to tackle illicit
financial flows - linked to UNODC
mandate areas - and predicate crimes
Baseline: Preliminary training
undertaken in 3 Member States
(Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania) as of
2015
Target: 3 additional Member States
(total 6 Member States by 2021)
22
1.1.3. Number of Member

States that have developed and
operationalized action plans, policies
and comprehensive strategies against
TOC with support from UNODC
Baseline: Ethiopia and Tanzania
(partially) as of December 2015
by 2021 (total 5 Member States by
2021)
1.1.4. Number of networks
supporting prosecutors,
investigations, mutual legal
assistance and countering and
handling cases of TOC
Baseline: 0 as of 2015
Target: 3 networks by 2021
Outcome 1.2. Member States have 1.2.1. Number of cases of illicit

enforcement structures in selected sea/ goods detected from close examined
dry ports to minimize the risk of maritime containers, based on profiling and
containers being exploited for trafficking risk assessment
of various illicit goods, and other forms of
Baseline: 0 cases as of 2015
organized crime
Target: 50 cases per year (total 300
cases by 2021)
Outcome 1.3. Member States have 1.3.1. Number of Member

improved capabilities and capacities of their States that have adopted a legal
criminal justice systems to carry out effective framework, strategies and policies on
prevention and prosecution of maritime maritime crime
crimes
Baseline: 2 Member States - Kenya
and Seychelles
(including Somalia and Tanzania) by
2021 (6 Member States by 2021)
1.3.2. Number of facilities
refurbished or new facilities
constructed and equipment provided
by UNODC in use by Member States
Target: 4 Member States provided
with equipment to operate a
maritime law enforcement agency
(including boats, spares, radio
equipment) as well as construction
by 2021
23
Pillar II Objective: Prevent and combat corruption through effective implementation SDG 16, particularly target
of the United Nations Convention against Corruption 16.5
Outcome 2.1. Member States actively and 2.1.1 Number of Member

effectively participate in and follow up on the States following up on the
Implementation Review Mechanism (IRM) of recommendations of the IRM
UNCAC
Baseline: 10 Member States
supported to participate in the first
cycle of the review mechanism
(Burundi, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Madagascar, Mauritius, Rwanda,
Seychelles, Tanzania and Uganda); 4
Member States supported to follow-
up on the findings of the first cycle
of the review mechanism (Ethiopia,
Mauritius, Tanzania and Uganda)
Target: 11 Member States supported
to participate in the second round
of the Review Mechanism (Burundi,
Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya,
Madagascar, Mauritius, Rwanda,
Seychelles, Tanzania and Uganda) by
2021; 7 Member States supported to
follow-up on first and second cycles
of the Review Mechanism (Ethiopia,
Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius,
Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda) by
2021
Outcome 2.2. Member States, assisted 2.2.1 Number of Member States that
by UNODC, have increased capacity for have received UNODC support for
implementation of the UNCAC anti-corruption work outside of the
cycles of the UNCAC review process
Baseline: Ad hoc support provided to
9 Member States (Burundi, Ethiopia,
Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius,
Rwanda, Somalia, Tanzania and
Uganda) as of 2015
Target: Ad hoc support provided to
11 Member States (Burundi, Djibouti,
Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar,
Mauritius, Rwanda, Seychelles,
Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda)
by 2021; Country Programmes on
corruption and or mainstreaming
corruption developed and
implemented in 4 Member States
(Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and
Tanzania) by 2021
24
Pillar III Objective: Promote and strengthen a functional criminal justice regime SDG target 16.a
against terrorism that is effective and is implemented by States in accordance with the
rule of law
Outcome 3.1. Member States have an 3.1.1. Number of criminal justice

enhanced capacity to undertake effective officials provided with enhanced
investigation, prosecution and adjudication of capacity building for rule of law
terrorism-related offences in conformity with based investigation, prosecution,
the rule of law and human rights adjudication of terrorism offences /
training who indicate usefulness of
training
Baseline: 50 Officials as of 2015
Target: 300 Officials by 2021
Outcome 3.2. Member States have 3.2.1. Number of Member States

enhanced national counter-terrorism legal assisted by UNODC that draft/revise
frameworks in conformity with international legislation to incorporate provisions
requirements of the international legal instruments
against terrorism
Baseline: Initial assistance provided
to 2 Member States (Djibouti and
Somalia) as of 2015
Target: Consolidate assistance to
Djibouti and Somalia and initiate
assistance to at least 1 other country
(total 3 Member States by 2021)
3.2.2. Number of ratifications of
the international legal instruments
to prevent and combat terrorism by
countries that have received technical
assistance from UNODC
Baseline: 6 ratifications between
2009-2015
Target: 5 new ratifications by 2021
(total 11 ratifications by 2021)
Outcome 3.3. Member States have an 3.3.1. Number of criminal justice

enhanced capacity to undertake rule of law- officials provided with enhanced
based criminal justice measures to prevent capacity building / training on CVE
and counter violent extremism (CVE), foreign and FTF who indicate usefulness of
terrorist fighters (FTF) and other major training
terrorism-related challenges
Target: 200 Officials as of 2021
25
Pillar IV Objective: Strengthen the rule of law through the prevention of crime and SDG target 5.2
the promotion of effective, fair, humane and accountable criminal justice systems in SDG target 16.3
line with the United Nations standards and norms in crime prevention and criminal SDG target 16.5
justice and other relevant international instruments SDG target 16.6
SDG target 16.a
SDG target 16.b
Outcome 4.1. Member States conduct 4.1.1. Number of Member States in

effective, efficient and sustainable reforms receipt of UNODC assistance that
of justice and law enforcement institutions, have an increase in public confidence
thereby increasing access to justice in the criminal Justice System37
Baseline: UNODC has provided
support to police reform programmes
with the aim of increasing confidence
in police in 3 Member States
(Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia) as of
2015
Target: 1 additional Member State
per year (total 9 Member States by
2021)
in receipt of UNODC assistance
whose prison overcrowding rates are
reduced38, 39
Baseline: 2 Member States (Ethiopia
and Kenya) in receipt of UNODC
intervention
2021)
Outcome 4.2. Member States have an 4.2.1. Number of Member States

improved quality, efficiency and fairness of that have increased accountability,
the criminal justice process, including catering integrity and oversight mechanisms
to the needs of vulnerable groups in their criminal justice systems
Baseline: 3 Member States (Ethiopia,
Kenya and Somalia) as of 2015
per year (in addition to ongoing
assistance to Ethiopia, Kenya and
Somalia (total 9 Member States by
2021)
4.2.2. The share of pre-trial detainees
is reduced in countries in receipt of
UNODC assistance40
Baseline: 1 Member State (Ethiopia)
assisted by UNODC as of 2015
37 UNODC recognizes that collecting data on this indicator will require an investment that is currently not built into the programme
framework. It is hoped, however, that as part of its effort to assist Member States in implementing the 2030 Agenda, UNODC will
conduct, and will build the capacity of Member States to conduct, data collection and analysis on the indicators corresponding to
relevant SDG targets.
38 UNODC recognizes that collecting data on this indicator will require an investment that is currently not built into the programme
framework. It is hoped, however, that as part of its effort to assist Member States in implementing the 2030 Agenda, UNODC will
conduct, and will build the capacity of Member States to conduct, data collection and analysis on the indicators corresponding to
relevant SDG targets.
39 Data available from World Prison Brief, www.prisonstudies.org/world-prison-brief
40 Data available from World Prison Brief, www.prisonstudies.org/world-prison-brief
26

2021)
4.2.3. Legal aid systems are in place
in countries in receipt of UNODC
assistance
Baseline: 2 Member States (Ethiopia
and Somalia) have legal aid systems
in place as of 2015
2021)
Outcome 4.3. Member States put in 4.3.1. Number of Member States

place comprehensive crime prevention, that have put in place crime
rehabilitation and reintegration programmes. prevention strategies with UNODC
assistance
as of 2015
2021)
implementing alternatives to
imprisonment coupled with
rehabilitation and reintegration
programmes with UNODC assistance
as of 2015
2021)
27
Pillar V Objective: Promote and support the adoption and implementation of SDG target 3.3
comprehensive, evidence-based, gender and youth responsive national and regional SDG target 3.5
responses addressing drug use and HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.
Outcome 5.1. Member States have increased 5.1.1. Number of studies,

access to state-of-the-art information to assessments, surveys and other
guide national planning, policy, programming sources of information, supported/
and implementation activities in the fields undertaken by UNODC
of drug use prevention, drug dependence,
Baseline: 3 (Kenya - PWID, Ethiopia -
treatment and rehabilitation, access to
PWID, Tanzania - Prison) as of 2015
controlled narcotic drugs and psychotropic
substances for medical and scientific Target: 8 new reports/studies/papers
purposes and comprehensive HIV harm inform national response by 2021
reduction services (total 11 reports/studies/papers by
2021)
5.1.2 Number of activities
undertaken by UNODC to
disseminate state-of-the-art
information in the fields of drug
use prevention, drug dependence,
treatment and rehabilitation,
access to controlled narcotic drugs
and psychotropic substances for
medical and scientific purposes, and
comprehensive HIV harm reduction
services
Baseline: Unknown – Estimated at 25
under the RP 2009-2015
Target: 4 new activities per year (total
24 new activities by 2021)

in receipt of UNODC technical
assistance that have reviewed/
adapted national drug and HIV
programmes, plans, strategies and
policies in line with and informed
by state-of-the-art information
generated by RP activities
Baseline: Estimated at 5-7 under the
RP 2009-2015
Target: 8 Member States receive
ongoing technical assistance to
review national strategic documents
through 2021
5.1.4. Number of people trained,
indicating usefulness of the training,
on evidence-based practices in the
field of drug use prevention, drug
dependence treatment and HIV and
AIDS prevention and care for policy
makers and key stakeholders
Baseline: Estimated at 400 under the
RP 2009-2015
Target: 50 per year (total additional
300 people by 2021)
28
Outcome 5.2. Member States implement 5.2.1. Number and type of

and scale-up evidence-based drug prevention evidence based prevention activities
successfully implemented in Member
States in receipt of UNODC technical
assistance
Baseline: Unknown as of 2015
Target: Average of 2 workshops
per year (subject to availability
of funding) by 2021 (total 12
workshops by 2021)
5.2.2. Number of beneficiaries
reached by evidence-based
prevention activities in countries
in receipt of UNODC assistance
(disaggregated by country, gender
and age)
Baseline: 200 (best estimate) as of
2015
Target: 400 additional beneficiaries
by 2021 (total 600 beneficiaries by
2021)
Outcome 5.3. Member States implement 5.3.1. Number (and type) of

and scale-up evidence and science-based evidence-based treatment activities
drug dependence treatment programmes and type successfully implemented in
Member States in receipt of UNODC
technical assistance
Baseline: Unknown as of 2015
Target: 50 activities by 2021
5.3.2 Number of Member States
supported by UNODC where the
availability of evidence-based youth
and gender-responsive treatment has
increased
Baseline: 1 Member State (Kenya) as
of 2015
Target: 2 Member States per year
receive technical assistance (subject
to availability of funding)
5.3.3. Number (and type) of
professionals trained on evidence-
based drug dependence treatment
and care with increased knowledge
Baseline: 200 (best estimate) as of
2015
Target: 50 per year (total 300
professionals trained by 2021)
29
Outcome 5.4. Member States implement 5.4.1 Number of Member States,

and scale-up evidence-based youth and in receipt of UNODC technical
gender-responsive HIV prevention, treatment assistance, having increased the
and care programmes among people who availability of key HIV interventions
use drugs and among people in prison for PWID, PWUD and in prison
settings settings (disaggregated by country,
by target population and by
intervention)
Baseline: 3 Member States (Ethiopia,
Kenya, Tanzania) as of 2015
per year (in addition to ongoing
support to Ethiopia, Kenya and
Tanzania) is in receipt of technical
assistance (total of 9 Member States
in receipt of assistance by 2021)
5.4.2. Number (and type) of
stakeholders engaged meaningfully
in activities/processes aiming at
scaling up of evidence-based HIV
services for PWUD41, PWID42 and
people in prison settings.
Baseline: 500 stakeholders (best
estimate) as of 2015
Target: Additional 1500 stakeholders
by 2021 (total 2000 stakeholders by
2021)
41 WHO, UNODC, UNAIDS Technical Guide for countries to set targets for universal access to HIV prevention, treatment and care for
injecting drug users (2012), accessed at https://www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids/publications/People_who_use_drugs/Target_setting_
guide2012_eng.pdf
42 UNODC, ILO, UNDP, WHO, UNAIDs (June 2013) Policy Brief – HIV Prevention, Treatment and Care in Prisons and other Closed settings:
A comprehensive package of interventions, accessed at https://www.unodc.org/documents/hiv-aids/HIV_comprehensive_package_
prison_2013_eBook.pdf
30
Annex 3: Regional Programme Management Structure

Annex 3: Regional Programme Management Structure
31
Annex 4: Regional and Global Programmes in Eastern Africa
Details of Ongoing Projects

# Project Title Duration Beneficiary States
Pillar I: Countering Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking
1 SOMZ15 - Project to support Mogadishu Prison 4 Oct 2013 – 30 Sep 2016 Somalia
SOMZ16 - Building the capacity of Somalia to

2 1 Jan 2014 – 31 Dec 2016 Somalia/Somaliland
address maritime crime
XAMX74 - Supporting regional States in 29 IOFMC Member

3 25 March – 31 Dec 2016
prosecuting piracy States
XEAU75 - Organized Crime and Illicit Trafficking –

4 1 April 2010 – 31 Dec 2016 Regional
Regional Programme for Eastern Africa
XEAX94 - UNODC - EU Programme to Promote Kenya, Mauritius,

5 1 Nov 2013 – 31 May 2018
Regional Maritime Security (MASE) Seychelles, Tanzania
ETHX88 - Illicit trafficking, organized crime

6 and border management - National Integrated 12 Feb 2014 – 31 Dec 2016 Ethiopia
Programme for Ethiopia (sub-programme 1)
GLOZ31 Global Programme for Combating

7 28 May 2014 – 27 May 2018 Global
Wildlife and Forest Crime (WLFC)
8 GLOG80 - Container Control Programme 1 Jan 2004 – 31 Dec 2017 Global
9 GLOX76 - Global Programme on Cybercrime 22 April 2013 – 31 Dec 2016 Global
10 GLOX99 - Global Maritime Crime Programme 1 Aug 2013 – 31 Dec 2016 Global
Pillar II: Countering Corruption
XEAU77 – Countering-Corruption – Regional 8 April 2010 – 31 Dec 2016

11 Regional
Programme for Eastern Africa
GLOX69 - Joint Action towards a Global Regime 20 Sep 2012 – 19 Sep 2016
12 Global
against Corruption
GLOT58 - Towards and Effective Global Regime 1 Jan 20008 - 31 Dec. 2016
13 Global
against Corruption
Pillar III: Terrorism Prevention
GLO35 – Strengthening the Legal Regime against 1 January 2003 – 31 December 2017 Global
14
Terrorism
Pillar IV: Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice
ETHX97 - Criminal Justice - National Integrated 4 April 2013 – 31 Dec 2016

15 Ethiopia
Programme for Ethiopia (sub-programme 2)
16 KENZ04 - The Police Reform Programme in Kenya 14 Oct 2013 – 31 Dec 2017 Kenya
XEAU78 - Justice - Regional Programme for East 8 April 2010 – 31 Dec 2016
17 Regional
Africa
32
Details of Ongoing Projects

# Project Title Duration Beneficiary States
Pillar V: Prevention of Drug Use, Treatment and Care of Drug Use Disorders and HIV and AIDS Prevention and
Care
KENY16 -HIV Prevention, treatment and care for 8 July 2014 – 7 July 2018
17 Kenya
people who use drugs in Kenya
XSSV02 - HIV and AIDS Prevention, Treatment, 1 March 2011 – 31 December 2016
Regional (Ethiopia,
18 Care and Support in Prison Settings in Sub-
Tanzania)
Saharan Africa
1 April 2010 – 31 July 2017

XEAU79 - Health and Livelihood - Regional
19 Regional
Programme for East Africa
GLOK32 – UNODC/WHO Programme on Drug 6 May 2010-31 Dec 2018

20 Global
Dependence, Treatment and Care
GLOG32 - HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, 23 April 2002 – 31 Dec 2017

21 care and support for people who use drugs and Global
people in prison settings
GLOK01 - Prevention of drug use, HIV/AIDS and 1 January 2010 - 31 December 2017
crime among young people through family skills
22 Global
training programmes in low- and middle-income
countries
33
Annex 5: Ongoing Initiatives with which the RP will align
UN Development Assistance Frameworks (UNDAFs) and UN Development Assistance Plans (UNDAPs).

The RP will facilitate effective cooperation with the UNDAFs, which have been agreed on by a number of countries
in the region, including Kenya and Ethiopia. For example, UNODC has committed, in the UNDAF for Kenya (2014
– 2018), to act as a partner to the Strategic Results Area 1: Transformational Governance, in regards to supporting
the National Police Service, and law enforcement, and to Strategic Results Area 4: Environmental Sustainability,
Land Management and Human Security.43 UNODC has further committed to deliver on anti-corruption and health
programming within the framework of One UN in Tanzania, and its respective UNDAP.
The Khartoum Process. UNODC is taking part in the ‘Khartoum Process’, the EU-Horn of Africa Migration Route
Initiative. The Process is anchored in the EU-Africa Action Plan on Migration and Mobility 2014-2017. UNODC
participated in a preparatory meeting in Khartoum in May 2014, and in October 2014 the ‘Khartoum Declaration’
was signed, defining further steps to combat human trafficking across the Mediterranean Sea. This political
process is geared to foster dialogue to enhance and strengthen cooperation and create initiatives to address
trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants, share knowledge and experiences and strengthen cooperation
with international organizations such as International Organization for Migration, the UN Refugee Agency and
UNODC. The process includes Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan and South Sudan, as well as the
transit countries, Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. EU Member States are involved as destination countries.
The Indian Ocean Forum on Maritime Crime (IOFMC). UNODC spearheaded and coordinates the Indian Ocean
Forum on Maritime Crime, which was set up as a mechanism for regional states to coordinate their work to combat
maritime crime. It focuses on heroin trafficking, wildlife and forest crime, and trafficking in persons and smuggling
of migrants. It is a global initiative, with 29 Member States spanning five regional UNODC offices, including ROEA.
Somali Compact and the UN Integrated Strategic Framework (ISF). In September 2013 the Federal
Government of Somalia and the international community endorsed the Somalia Compact. The Compact defines
Somalia’s peacebuilding and state building priorities for 2014 – 2016, and includes the renewed principles for
engagement between the Somali Government and the international community, as defined in the Busan ‘New
Deal for Engagement in Fragile States’. The Somali Compact defines 5 goals (inclusive politics, security, justice,
economic foundations, revenues and services), the implementation of which is coordinated through working
groups that include members of the international community and different levels of the Somali administration.
The Integrated Strategic Framework sets out the UN’s role in implementing the Compact and serves as the basis for
programmatic development by the UN, and presents the UN’s programme pipeline for the UN Multi Partner Trust
Fund. UNODC, as an integral partner in the UN Country Team, played a key role in formulating the Somali Compact
and the ISF. The ISF defines UNODC’s role in the Criminal Justice Programme, involvement in police reform, the Rule
of Law programme, the National Security Architecture, in the National Maritime Strategy, maritime coordination
mechanism, and in anti-corruption and accountability work.44
43 UNDAF Kenya, p.47

44 United Nations Somalia Integrated Strategic Framework 2014 – 2016.
34
UNAIDS. In the field of HIV and AIDS, in order to enhance efficiency and effectiveness among the 11 cosponsors
of UNAIDS, and while aiming at improving the delivery of results, strengthening joint working and maximizing
partnerships towards collective implementation, UNAIDS established a unique division of labour that is all-
encompassing to cover policy, advocacy, standards, guidance and tool development and the management,
brokering and delivery of high-quality technical support with roles and responsibilities at the global, regional and
country levels. As a cosponsor of UNAIDS, UNODC is the convening organization for HIV prevention, treatment,
care and support among people who use drugs and those living and working in prisons. It collaborates with
national and international partners, including civil society and other UNAIDS cosponsors, to assist countries in
developing and implementing interventions designed to guarantee that these vulnerable and often very diverse
populations can access optimum HIV services.
UNODC-WHO Programme on Drug Dependence Treatment and Care. A collaborative effort between
UNODC, WHO and participating countries, the Programme aims to promote and support evidence-based and
ethical treatment policies, strategies and interventions in order to reduce the health and social burden caused
by drug use and dependence. The programme builds on UNODC’s Treatnet project, which has produced among
other outputs the UNODC Treatnet training package which is being widely used in East Africa. UNODC and WHO
have constitutional mandates to address the issues of drug use and dependence, as articulated in the international
treaties. Taking into account the health, socio-economic and security implications of drug use and drug use disorders,
the two intergovernmental organizations are uniquely positioned to lead a joint programme aiming to promote
and support worldwide evidence-based and ethical treatment policies, strategies and interventions to reduce drug
use and dependence, including the related health, social and economic consequences. Key publications such as
the “International Standards on the Treatment of Drug Use Disorders” have been produced in the framework of
the UNODC-WHO programme in support of all UN Member States. Currently, more than 20 countries around the
globe, including in Africa, participate in the programme through the implementation of activities at national level,
which are organized around four generic lines of action:
• supporting drug dependence treatment related assessments, data collection, monitoring and evaluation as
well as research and the development of technical tools;
• supporting capacity building on evidence-based drug dependence treatment and care;
• supporting drug dependence treatment service development and evidence-based service delivery; and
• supporting advocacy related activities on the issue of drug dependence as a health disorder and the
coordination and development of evidence-based policies on drug dependence treatment and care.
35
Annex 6: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
The SDGs provide an excellent reflection of UNODC’s mandates in the global development agenda, as they require
a holistic approach to address the root causes of security, rule of law and health challenges. UNODC’s mandates
reflect universal aspirations embedded within the SDGs, including:
• Goal 3 - Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all, at all ages
› Target 3.3: By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and
combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases
› Target 3.5: Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and
harmful use of alcohol.
• Goal 5 – Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.
› Target 5.2: Eliminate all forms of violence against all women and girls in the public and private spheres,
including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation.
• Goal 15 – Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests,
combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.
› Target 15.7: Take urgent action to end poaching and trafficking of protected species of flora and fauna and
address both demand and supply of illegal wildlife products.
• Goal 16 – Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for
all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
› Target 16.1: Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere.
› Target 16.2: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children.
› Target 16.3: Promote the rule of law at the national and international levels and ensure equal access to
justice for all.
› Target 16.4: By 2030, significantly reduce illicit financial and arms flows, strengthen the recovery and return
of stolen assets and combat all forms of organized crime.
› Target 16.5: Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms.
› Target 16.6: Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions at all levels.
› Target 16.7: Ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels.
› Target 16.8: Broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the institutions of global
governance.
› (Target 16.9: By 2030, provide legal identity for all, including birth registration).
› Target 16.10: Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with
national legislation and international agreements.
› Target 16.a: Strengthen relevant national institutions, including through international cooperation, for
building capacity at all levels, in particular in developing countries, to prevent violence and combat terrorism
and crime.
› Target 16.b: Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws and policies for sustainable development.
• Goal 17 - Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable
development.
Goal 16 is of particular importance to UNODC as it ensures that the rule of law, peace and security are included
in the new global development agenda. UNODC will contribute to ensure that all global norms and standards (i.e.
UNTOC, UNCAC, drug conventions, UN standards and norms on criminal justice and crime prevention, as well as
the legal instruments against terrorism) are effectively inserted in national and regional agendas, as this is a key
post-2015 challenge.
36
Annex 7: The Nairobi Declaration

Annex 7: The Nairobi Declaration
53
37
54
38
55
39
40 56

UNODC Promoting The Rule of Law English

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNODC Promoting The Rule of Law English

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNODC Promoting The Rule of Law English

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNODC

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime

2 Purpose of the Regional Programme ......................................................................................................6

3 Strategic Approach: holistic, evidence-based, integrated, flexible, and cooperative..........................8

4 Scope and Structure of the Regional Programme ................................................................................11

5 Programme Governance, Management, M&E, and Outreach..............................................................16

CTITF Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force

Member States have an enhanced rule of law and improved human

Thematic Pillar Objectives

Countering Transnational Promote and support effective responses to transnational organized

Prevent and combat corruption through effective implementation of

Promote and strengthen a functional criminal justice regime against

18 Somalia is not a State Party to UNCAC.

needs and validating them based on collected evidence

UNODC has supported Member States in the region,

Regional Programme Level Outcome

Regional Programme Level Indicators

2. Number of new initiatives with partners and donors germinated by the RP

29 For example, the Afghan Opiate Trade Project (GLOV20)

custodial Measures for Women Offenders (Bangkok

UNODC projects and activities under all pillars will apply

shape of influencing policy, or providing advocacy

5.4. Member States implement and scale-up

In regard to alternatives to imprisonment and within the

33 The UNAIDS 2015-2020 strategy includes a focus on Opioid

Programme Level: A Steering Committee will

strategy to mitigate security risks, including those 5.6 Resource Mobilization

A detailed communications strategy for this RP and

36 For example, through political events aligned with various

Annex 1: Indicative Budget

Pillar I - Countering Transnational Organized Crime and Trafficking

Total 24,360,000 13,809,400

Pillar II - Countering Corruption

Total 6,100,000 776,320

Pillar III - Terrorism Prevention

Pillar IV - Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

Total 32,700,000 8,314,662

Total 12,000,000 7,050,000

Total Budget for Regional Programme 2016-2021

Annex 2: Results and Monitoring Framework

0.2.1. Number of new initiatives with

1.1.3. Number of Member

Outcome 1.2. Member States have 1.2.1. Number of cases of illicit

Outcome 1.3. Member States have 1.3.1. Number of Member

Outcome 2.1. Member States actively and 2.1.1 Number of Member

Outcome 3.1. Member States have an 3.1.1. Number of criminal justice

Outcome 3.2. Member States have 3.2.1. Number of Member States

Outcome 3.3. Member States have an 3.3.1. Number of criminal justice

Outcome 4.1. Member States conduct 4.1.1. Number of Member States in

Outcome 4.2. Member States have an 4.2.1. Number of Member States

Target: 1 additional Member State

Outcome 4.3. Member States put in 4.3.1. Number of Member States

Outcome 5.1. Member States have increased 5.1.1. Number of studies,

5.1.3. Number of Member States

Outcome 5.2. Member States implement 5.2.1. Number and type of

Outcome 5.3. Member States implement 5.3.1. Number (and type) of

Outcome 5.4. Member States implement 5.4.1 Number of Member States,

Annex 3: Regional Programme Management Structure