CS-801 Iot Lab - Manual

Internet of Things Lab (CS-801) 2023
DEPARTMENT
OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
LAB MANUAL (CS-801)
“Internet of Things LAB”
Name:
Semester: ___________________________________
Branch: _____________________________________
Enrollment No. _______________________________
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (BTech.) COURSE

SEMESTER –VIII
1
Laboratory Manual
ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,

BHOPAL
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
IoT LAB MANUAL
Lab Course Outcomes
Upon the completion of IOT Laboratory, the student will be able to:
CO No. Course Outcomes
Have understanding of Arduino/Raspberry Pi

1
2 Apply the skills learned by designing, building, and testing a microcontroller-based

embedded system
3
Publishing/Subscribing to connect, collect data, monitor and manage assets
4 Remotely monitor data and control devices
Perform experiments and mini projects on IoT

5
2
Laboratory Manual
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
S. No Name of Experiment Page No. Course
Outcome
Familiarization With Arduino/Raspberry Pi And Perform
1 Necessary Software Installation.
1
To Interface Led/Buzzer With Arduino/Raspberry Pi And Write

2 1
A Program To Turn On Led For 1 Sec After Every 2 Seconds.
3 Write Program Using Arduino Ide For Blink Led 2
Write Program For RGB Led Using Arduino.

4 2
5 Study the Temperature sensor and Write Program for monitor 1,5
temperature using Arduino.
6 To interface DHT11 sensor with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write 1,2

a program to print temperature and humidity readings.
7 To interface motor using relay with Arduino/Raspberry Pi 1,2

and write a program to turn ON motor when push button is
pressed.
8 To interface OLED with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a 1,2,5
program to print temperature and humidity readings on it.
9 Study and Implement MQTT Protocol using Arduino. 3,4
Study and Configure Raspberry Pi.

10 1
3
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.1
AIM: Familiarization with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and perform necessary software

installation.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of Arduino ide and different
types of Arduino board
OUTCOMES: Student will be get knowledge of Arduino ide and different

types of Arduino board hardware
Arduino:
Arduino is a prototype platform (open-source) based on an easy-to-use hardware
and software. It consists of a circuit board, which can be programed (referred to as
a microcontroller) and a ready-made software called Arduino IDE (Integrated
Development Environment), which is used to write and upload the computer code
to the physical board.
Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks the functions of the micro-
controller into a more accessible package.
Arduino is a prototype platform (open-source) based on an easy-to-use hardware
and software. It consists of a circuit board, which can be programed (referred to as
a microcontroller) and a ready-made software called Arduino IDE (Integrated
4
Laboratory Manual
Development Environment), which is used to write and upload the computer code
to the physical board.
The key features are −
• Arduino boards are able to read analog or digital input signals from different
sensors and turn it into an output such as activating a motor, turning LED on/off,
connect to the cloud and many other actions.
• You can control your board functions by sending a set of instructions to the
microcontroller on the board via Arduino IDE (referred to as uploading software).
• Unlike most previous programmable circuit boards, Arduino does not need
an extra piece of hardware (called a programmer) in order to load a new code onto
the board. You can simply use a USB cable.
• Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it
easier to learn to program.
• Finally, Arduino provides a standard form factor that breaks the functions of
the micro-controller into a more accessible package.
Download the Arduino Software (IDE)
• Get the latest version from the arduino.cc web site. You can choose between
the Installer (.exe) and the Zip packages. We suggest you use the first one that
5
Laboratory Manual
installs directly everything you need to use the Arduino Software (IDE), including
the drivers. With the Zip package you need to install the drivers manually. The Zip
file is also useful if you want to create a portable installation.
• When the download finishes, proceed with the installation and please allow
the driver installation process when you get a warning from the operating system.
• Choose the components to install
6
Laboratory Manual
• Choose the installation directory (we suggest to keep the default one)
7
Laboratory Manual
• The process will extract and install all the required files to execute properly
the Arduino Software (IDE)
• Proceed with board specific instructions
• When the Arduino Software (IDE) is properly installed you can go back to
the IDE.
Different Arduino Boards:
Arduino USB
1. Arduino Uno
This is the latest revision of the basic Arduino USB board. It connects to the
computer with a standard USB cable and contains everything else you need to
program and use the board.
2. Arduino NG REV-C
Revision C of the Arduino NG does not have a built-in LED on pin 13 - instead
you'll see two small unused solder pads near the labels "GND" and "13".
Arduino Bluetooth
8
Laboratory Manual
The Arduino BT is a microcontroller board originally was based on the
ATmega168, but now is supplied with the 328, and the Bluegiga WT11 bluetooth
module. It supports wireless serial communication over bluetooth.
Arduino Mega
The original Arduino Mega has an ATmega1280 and an FTDI USB-to- serial chip.
Arduino NANO
The Arduino Nano 3.0 has an ATmega328 and a two-layer PCB. The power LED
moved to the top of the board.
9
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.2
AIM: To interface LED/Buzzer with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a program to

turn ON LED for 1 sec after every 2 seconds.
OBJECTIVES: Student should get the knowledge of Arduino board and different
types of LED.
OUTCOMES: Student will be write program using Arduino ide for blink LED
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
• 1X BREADBOARD
• 1X ARDUINO UNO R3
• 1X RGB LED
• 1X 330Ω RESISTOR
• 2X JUMPER WIRES BLINKING THE RGB LED
With a simple modification of the breadboard, we could attach the led to an output
pin of the Arduino. Move the red jumper wire from the ARDUINO 5v connector to
10
Laboratory Manual
13, as shown below
now load the 'blink' example sketch from lesson 1. you will notice that both the
built-in 'l' LED and the external LED should now blink.
/*
2. blink
3. turns on an led on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly. 4.
5. this example code is in the public domain. 6. */
7.
8. // pin 13 has an led connected on most arduino boards.
9. // give it a name:
10. int led = 13;
11.
12. // the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
11
Laboratory Manual
13. void setup() {

14. // initialize the digital pin as an output.
15. pinmode(led, output);
16.}
17.
18. // the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
19. void loop() {
20. digitalwrite(led, high); // turn the led on (high is the voltage level)
21. delay(1000); // wait for a second
22. digitalwrite(led, low); // turn the led off by making the voltage low
24.}
lets try using a different pin of the Arduino – say D7. Move the red jumper lead
from pin d13 to pin d7 and modify the following line near the top of the sketch:
1. int led = 13;
so that it reads:
1. int led = 7;
Upload the modified sketch to your Arduino board and the led should still be
blinking, but this time using pin D7.
12
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.3
AIM: Write program using Arduino IDE for Blink LED
OBJECTIVES: Student should get the knowledge of Arduino Board and

different types of LED
OUTCOMES: Student will be Write program using Arduino IDE for Blink LED
 1x Breadboard
 1x Arduino Uno R3
 1x RGB LED
 1x 330Ω Resistor
 2x Jumper Wires
Blinking the RGB LED

With a simple modification of the breadboard, we could attach the LED to an
output pin of the Arduino. Move the red jumper wire from the Arduino 5V
connector to D13, as shown below:
13
Laboratory Manual
/*
2. Blink
3. Turns on an LED on for one second, then off for one second,
repeatedly. 4.
5. This example code is in the public
domain. 6. */
7.
8. // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards.
9. // give it a name:
10. int
led = 13;
11.
12. // the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
13. void setup() {
14. // initialize the digital pin as an output.
15. pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
1
6
.
}
1
7
.
18. // the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
19. void loop() {
20. digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
22. digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
14
Laboratory Manual
24.}
Lets try using a different pin of the Arduino – say D7. Move the red jumper lead
from pin D13 to pin D7 and modify the following line near the top of the sketch:
1. int led = 13;
so that it reads:
1. int led = 7;
Upload the modified sketch to your Arduino board and the LED should still be
blinking, but this time using pin D7.
15
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.4
AIM: WRITE PROGRAM FOR RGB LED USING ARDUINO.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of Arduino ide and RGB led
OUTCOMES: student will be developed programs using Arduino IDE and

Arduino board for RGB LED
• 1X BREADBOARD
• 1X ARDUINO UNO R3
• 1X LED
• 1X 330Ω RESISTOR
• 2X JUMPER WIRES
BLINKING THE LED
With a simple modification of the breadboard, we could attach the led to an output
pin of the Arduino. Move the red jumper wire from the Arduino 5v connector to
D13, as shown below:
16
Laboratory Manual
now load the 'blink' example sketch from lesson 1. You will notice that both the
built-in 'l' led and the external led should now blink.
The following test sketch will cycle through the colors red, green, blue, yellow,
purple, and aqua. These colors being some of the standard internet colors.
1. /*
2. adafruit arduino - lesson 3. rgb led
3. */
4.
5. int redPin = 11;
6. int greenPin = 10;
7. int bluePin = 9;
8.
9. //uncomment this line if using a common anode led
10.//#define common_anode
11.
12. void setup()
17
Laboratory Manual
13.{
14. pinmode(redPin, output);
15. pinmode(greenPin, output);
16. pinmode(bluePin, output);
17.}
18.
19. void loop()
20.{
21. setcolor(255, 0, 0); // red
22. delay(1000);
23. setcolor(0, 255, 0); // green
24. delay(1000);
25. setcolor(0, 0, 255); // blue
26. delay(1000);
27. setcolor(255, 255, 0); // yellow
28. delay(1000);
29. setcolor(80, 0, 80); // purple
30. delay(1000);
31. setcolor(0, 255, 255); // aqua
32. delay(1000);
33.}
34.
35. void setcolor(int red, int green, int blue)
36.{
37. #ifdef common_anode
18
Laboratory Manual
38. red = 255 - red;

39. green = 255 - green;
40. blue = 255 - blue;
41. #endif
42. analogwrite(redpin, red);
43. analogwrite(greenpin, green);
44. analogwrite(bluepin, blue);
45.}
1. int redPin = 11;
2. int greenPin = 10;
3. int bluePin = 9;
The next step is to write the 'setup' function. As we have learnt in earlier lessons,
the setup function runs just once after the Arduino has reset. In this case, all it has
to do is define the three pins we are using as being outputs.
1. VOID SETUP()
2. {
3. PINMODE(REDPIN, OUTPUT);
4. PINMODE(GREENPIN, OUTPUT);
5. PINMODE(BLUEPIN, OUTPUT);
6. }
void setcolor(int red, int green, int blue) 2. {
3. analogwrite(redPin, red);
4. analogwrite(greenPin, green);
5. analogwrite(bluePin, blue); 6. }
19
Laboratory Manual
This function takes three arguments, one for the brightness of the red, green and
blue LEDS. In each case the number will be in the range 0 to 255, where 0 means
off and 255 means maximum brightness. The function then calls 'analogwrite' to
set the brightness of each led.
if you look at the 'loop' function you can see that we are setting the amount of red,
green and blue light that we want to display and then pausing for a second before
moving on to the next color.
1. void loop()
2. {
3. setcolor(255, 0, 0); // red
4. delay(1000);
5. setcolor(0, 255, 0); // green
6. delay(1000);
7. setcolor(0, 0, 255); // blue
8. delay(1000);
9. setcolor(255, 255, 0);// yellow
10. delay(1000);
11. setcolor(80, 0, 80); // purple
12. delay(1000);
13. setcolor(0, 255, 255);// aqua
14. delay(1000);
15.}
Try adding a few colors of your own to the sketch and watch the effect on
your
20
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.5
AIM: Study the temperature sensor and write program foe monitor
temperature using Arduino.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of temperature sensor
OUTCOMES: student will be developed programs using Arduino ide and

Arduino board for temperature sensor
CONNECTING TO A TEMPERATURE SENSOR
These sensors have little chips in them and while they're not that delicate, they do
need to be handled properly. Be careful of static electricity when handling them
and make sure the power supply is connected up correctly and is between 2.7 and
5.5v dc - so don't try to use a 9v battery!
They come in a "to-92" package which means the chip is housed in a plastic hemi-
cylinder with three legs. The legs can be bent easily to allow the sensor to be
plugged into a breadboard. You can also solder to the pins to connect long wires. If
you need to waterproof the sensor, you can see below for an instructable for how
to make an excellent case.
READING THE ANALOG TEMPERATURE DATA
Unlike the FSR or photocell sensors we have looked at, the TMP36 and friends
doesn't act like a resistor. Because of that, there is really only one way to read the
temperature value from the sensor, and that is plugging the output pin directly into
an analog (ADC) input.
21
Laboratory Manual
Remember that you can use anywhere between 2.7v and 5.5v as the power supply.
for this example i'm showing it with a 5v supply but note that you can use this with
a 3.3v supply just as easily. no matter what supply you use, the analog voltage
reading will range from about 0v (ground) to about 1.75v.
if you're using a 5v arduino, and connecting the sensor directly into an analog pin,
you can use these formulas to turn the 10-bit analog reading into a temperature:
VOLTAGE AT PIN IN MILLIVOLTS = (reading from adc) * (5000/1024)
this formula converts the number 0-1023 from the adc into 0-5000mv (= 5v) if
you're using a 3.3v arduino, you'll want to use this:
VOLTAGE AT PIN IN MILLIVOLTS = (reading from adc) * (3300/1024)
this formula converts the number 0-1023 from the adc into 0-3300mv (= 3.3v)
then, to convert millivolts into temperature, use this formula:
CENTIGRADE TEMPERATURE = [(analog voltage in mv) - 500] / 10
simple thermometer
22
Laboratory Manual
This example code for Arduino shows a quick way to create a temperature sensor,
it simply prints to the serial port what the current temperature is in both Celsius
and Fahrenheit.
1. //TMP36 Pin Variables
2. int sensorPin = 0; //the analog pin the TMP36's Vout (sense) pin is
connected to
3. //the resolution is 10 mV / degree centigrade with a
4. //500 mV offset to allow for negative temperatures 5.
6. /*
7. * setup() - this function runs once when you turn your Arduino on
8. * We initialize the serial connection with the computer 9. */
10. void setup()
11.{
12. Serial.begin(9600); //Start the serial connection with the computer
13. //to view the result open the serial monitor
14.}
15.
16. void loop() // run over and over again
17.{
18. //getting the voltage reading from the temperature sensor
19. int reading = analogRead(sensorPin); 20.
21. // converting that reading to voltage, for 3.3v arduino use 3.3
22. float voltage = reading * 5.0; 23. voltage /= 1024.0;
24.
25. // print out the voltage
23
Laboratory Manual
26. Serial.print(voltage); Serial.println(" volts"); 27.

28. // now print out the temperature
29. float temperatureC = (voltage - 0.5) * 100 ; //converting from 10 mv per
degree wit 500 mV offset
30. //to degrees ((voltage - 500mV)
times 100)
31. Serial.print(temperatureC); Serial.println(" degrees C"); 32.
33. // now convert to Fahrenheit
34. float temperatureF = (temperatureC * 9.0 / 5.0) + 32.0;
35. Serial.print(temperatureF); Serial.println(" degrees F"); 36.
37. delay(1000);
38.}
24
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.6
AIM: To interface DHT11 sensor with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a program

to print temperature and humidity readings.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of DHT11 temperature sensor
OUTCOMES: student will be developed programs using Arduino ide and

Arduino board for temperature sensor
SCHEMATIC:
Follow the next schematic diagram to wire the DHT11 (or DHT22) temperature
a nd humidity sensor to the Arduino.
DHT Pin Arduino
Pin 1 5V
25
Laboratory Manual
Pin 2 D2 or any other digital pin
Pin 3 don’t connect
Pin 4 GND
Installing Libraries
To read from the DHT sensor, we’ll use the DHT library from Adafruit. To use this
library you also need to install the Adafruit Unified Sensor library. Follow the next
steps to install those libraries.
Open your Arduino IDE and go to Sketch > Include Library > Manage Libraries.
The Library Manager should open.
Search for “DHT” on the Search box and install the DHT library from Adafruit.
26
Laboratory Manual
Code
After installing the necessary libraries, you can upload an example code from the
library.
In your Arduino IDE, go to File > Examples > DHT Sensor library > DHTtester
The following code should load. It reads temperature and humidity, and displays
the results in the Serial Monitor.
// Example testing sketch for various DHT humidity/temperature sensors

// Written by ladyada, public domain
#include "DHT.h"
#define DHTPIN 2 // what pin we're connected to
// Uncomment whatever type you're using!

#define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11
//#define DHTTYPE DHT22 // DHT 22 (AM2302)
27
Laboratory Manual
//#define DHTTYPE DHT21 // DHT 21 (AM2301)
// Initialize DHT sensor for normal 16mhz Arduino

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("DHTxx test!");
dht.begin();
}
void loop() {
// Wait a few seconds between measurements.
delay(2000);
// Reading temperature or humidity takes about 250 milliseconds!

// Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
float h = dht.readHumidity();
// Read temperature as Celsius
float t = dht.readTemperature();
// Read temperature as Fahrenheit
float f = dht.readTemperature(true);
// Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
if (isnan(h) || isnan(t) || isnan(f)) {
Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
return;
}
// Compute heat index

// Must send in temp in Fahrenheit!
float hi = dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);
Serial.print("Humidity: ");
Serial.print(h);
Serial.print(" %\t");
28
Laboratory Manual
Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(t);
Serial.print(" *C ");
Serial.print(f);
Serial.print(" *F\t");
Serial.print("Heat index: ");
Serial.print(hi);
Serial.println(" *F");
Demonstration
After uploading the code to the Arduino, open the Serial Monitor at a baud rate of
9600. You should get sensor readings every two seconds. Here’s what you should
see in your Arduino IDE Serial Monitor.
29
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.7
AIM: To interface motor using relay with arduino/raspberry pi and write a

program to turn on motor when push button is pressed.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of Relay & motor.

Arduino board Relay and Motor.
Hardware Required
1 × Arduino UNO
1 × USB 2.0 cable type A/B
1 × Button
1 × Relay
1 × 12V Power Adapter
1 × Breadboard
1 × Jumper Wires
/*
* Code for Relay & Motor
*/
const int BUTTON_PIN = 7; // Arduino pin connected to button's pin

const int RELAY_PIN = 3; // Arduino pin connected to relay's pin
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // initialize serial
pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // set arduino pin to input pull-up
mode
pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT); // set arduino pin to output mode
30
Laboratory Manual
void loop() {
int buttonState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN); // read new state
if (buttonState == LOW) {
Serial.println("The button is being pressed");
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH); // turn on
}
else
if (buttonState == HIGH) {
Serial.println("The button is unpressed");
digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW); // turn off
}
}
31
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.8
AIM: To interface OLED with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a program to print
temperature and humidity readings on it.
OBJECTIVES: student should get the knowledge of Relay & motor.
Arduino board Relay and Motor.
Hardware Required
Introduction
The DHT22 is a basic, low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor. It uses a
capacitive humidity sensor and a thermistor to measure the surrounding air, and
spits out a digital signal on the data pin (no analog input pins needed). It’s easy to
use, but requires careful timing to grab data. The only real downside of this sensor
is you can only get new data from it once every 2 seconds, so when using our
library, sensor readings can be up to 2 second
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Wire.h>
32
Laboratory Manual
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include "DHT.h"
#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128 // OLED display width, in pixels
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64 // OLED display height, in pixels
// Declaration for an SSD1306 display connected to I2C (SDA, SCL pins)
#define OLED_RESET 4 // Reset pin # (or -1 if sharing Arduino reset pin)
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire,

OLED_RESET);
#define DHTPIN 2
#define DHTTYPE DHT22 // DHT 22 (AM2302), AM2321
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
#define PIEZO 8
#define ALARM 1000
int Sound[] = {ALARM, ALARM};
33
Laboratory Manual
int SoundNoteDurations[] = {4, 4};
#define playSound() playMelody(Sound, SoundNoteDurations, 2)
char inChar;
String inString;
void setup() {
if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C)) {
Serial.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));
for (;;); // Don't proceed, loop forever
display.clearDisplay();
dht.begin();
void loop() {
// Wait a few seconds between measurements.

34
Laboratory Manual
delay(2000);
// Reading temperature or humidity takes about 250 milliseconds!
// Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
// Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
// Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
// Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
if (isnan(h) || isnan(t) || isnan(f)) {
Serial.println(F("Failed to read from DHT sensor!"));
return;
// Compute heat index in Fahrenheit (the default)
float hif = dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);
// Compute heat index in Celsius (isFahreheit = false)
float hic = dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);
35
Laboratory Manual
if (hic >= 41) {
displayOled();
playSound();
else {
displayOled();
noTone(PIEZO);
void displayOled() {
// Read humidity
// Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
// Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
36
Laboratory Manual
// Compute heat index in Fahrenheit (the default)
float hif = dht.computeHeatIndex(f, h);
// Compute heat index in Celsius (isFahreheit = false)
float hic = dht.computeHeatIndex(t, h, false);
display.clearDisplay();
display.setTextColor(WHITE);
display.setTextSize(1);
display.setCursor(5, 15);
display.print("Humidity:");
display.print(h);
display.print("%");
display.print("Temperature:");
display.print(t);
display.print((char)247); // degree symbol
display.print("C");
display.print("Heat Index:");
37
Laboratory Manual
display.print(hic);
display.print((char)247); // degree symbol
display.print("C");
display.display();
void playMelody(int *melody, int *noteDurations, int notesLength)
pinMode(PIEZO, OUTPUT);
for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < notesLength; thisNote++) {
int noteDuration = 1000 / noteDurations[thisNote];
tone(PIEZO, melody[thisNote], noteDuration);
int pauseBetweenNotes = noteDuration * 1.30;
delay(pauseBetweenNotes);
noTone(PIEZO);
38
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.9
AIM: Study and Implement MQTT Protocol using Arduino.
OBJECTIVES: Student should get the knowledge of MQTT Protocol using

Arduino.
OUTCOMES: Student will be developed programs using Arduino IDE and

Arduino Board for MQTT Protocol
MQTT:
MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is an open source protocol for constrained

devices and low-bandwidth, high-latency networks. It is a publish/subscribe
messaging transport that is extremely lightweight and ideal for connecting small
devices to constrained networks.
MQTT is bandwidth efficient, data agnostic, and has continuous session

awareness. It helps minimize the resource requirements for your IoT device, while
also attempting to ensure reliability and some degree of assurance of delivery with
grades of service. MQTT targets large networks of small devices that need to be
monitored or controlled from a back-end server on the Internet. It is not designed
for device-to-device transfer. Nor is it designed to “multicast” data to many
receivers. MQTT is extremely simple, offering few control options.
39
Laboratory Manual
MQTT METHODS
MQTT defines methods (sometimes referred to as verbs) to indicate the desired

action to be performed on the identified resource. What this resource represents,
whether pre-existing data or data that is generated dynamically, depends on the
implementation of the server. Often, the resource corresponds to a file or the output
of an executable residing on the server.
CONNECT
Waits for a connection to be established with the server.
DISCONNECT
Waits for the MQTT client to finish any work it must do, and for the TCP/IP
session to disconnect.
SUBSCRIBE
Waits for completion of the Subscribe or Unsubscribe method.
UNSUBSCRIBE
Requests the server unsubscribe the client from one or more topics.
PUBLISH
Returns immediately to the application thread after passing the request to the
MQTT client.
40
Laboratory Manual
EXPERIMENT NO.10
AIM: Study and Configure Raspberry Pi.
OBJECTIVES: Student should get the knowledge of Raspberry Pi.
OUTCOMES: Student will be get knowledge of Raspberry Pi
RASPBERRY PI
The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the

United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundationto promote the teaching of basic
computer science in schools and in developing countries.[4][5][6] The original
model became far more popular than anticipated, selling outside of its target
market for uses such as robotics. Peripherals (including keyboards, mice and
cases) are not included with the Raspberry Pi. Some accessories however have
been included in several official and unofficial bundles.
According to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, over 5 million Raspberry Pis have been
sold before February 2015, making it the best-selling British computer.[8] By
November 2016 they had sold 11 million units[9][10], reaching 12.5m in March
2017, making it the third best-selling "general purpose computer" ever.
To get started with Raspberry Pi, you need an operating system. NOOBS (New
Out Of Box Software) is an easy operating system install manager for the
Raspberry Pi.
41
Laboratory Manual
HOW TO GET AND INSTALL NOOBS
DOWNLOAD NOOBS OS FROM
We recommend using an SD card with a minimum capacity of 8GB.
1. GO to the https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/
2. Click on NOOBS, then click on the Download ZIP button under ‘NOOBS
(offline and network install)’, and select a folder to save it to.
3. Extract the files from the zip.
FORMAT YOUR SD CARD
It is best to format your SD card before copying the NOOBS files onto it. To do
this:
1. Download SD Formatter 4.0 for either Windows or Mac.
2. Follow the instructions to install the software.
3. Insert your SD card into the computer or laptop’s SD card reader and make a
note of the drive letter allocated to it, e.g. G:/
42
Laboratory Manual
4. In SD Formatter, select the drive letter for your SD card and format it.
DRAG AND DROP NOOBS FILES
1. Once your SD card has been formatted, drag all the files in the extracted
NOOBS folder and drop them onto the SD card drive.
2. The necessary files will then be transferred to your SD card.
3. When this process has finished, safely remove the SD card and insert it into
your Raspberry Pi.
FIRST BOOT
1. Plug in your keyboard, mouse, and monitor cables.
2. Now plug the USB power cable into your Pi.
3. Your Raspberry Pi will boot, and a window will appear with a list of
different operating systems that you can install. We recommend that you use
Raspbian – tick the box next to Raspbian and click on Install.
4. Raspbian will then run through its installation process. Note that this can
take a while.
5. When the install process has completed, the Raspberry Pi configuration

menu (raspi- config) will load. Here you are able to set the time and date for your
region, enable a Raspberry Pi camera board, or even create users. You can exit this
menu by using Tab on your keyboard to move to Finish.
LOGGING IN AND ACCESSING THE GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

43
Laboratory Manual
The default login for Raspbian is username pi with the password raspberry. Note
that you will not see any writing appear when you type the password. This is a
security feature in Linux.
To load the graphical user interface, type startx and press Enter.
44
Laboratory Manual

CS-801 Iot Lab - Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CS-801 Iot Lab - Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CS-801 Iot Lab - Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Internet of Things Lab (CS-801) 2023

“Internet of Things LAB”

Enrollment No. _______________________________

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (BTech.) COURSE

ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,

IoT LAB MANUAL

Lab Course Outcomes

CO No. Course Outcomes

Have understanding of Arduino/Raspberry Pi

2 Apply the skills learned by designing, building, and testing a microcontroller-based

4 Remotely monitor data and control devices

Perform experiments and mini projects on IoT

To Interface Led/Buzzer With Arduino/Raspberry Pi And Write

3 Write Program Using Arduino Ide For Blink Led 2

Write Program For RGB Led Using Arduino.

6 To interface DHT11 sensor with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write 1,2

7 To interface motor using relay with Arduino/Raspberry Pi 1,2

9 Study and Implement MQTT Protocol using Arduino. 3,4

Study and Configure Raspberry Pi.

AIM: Familiarization with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and perform necessary software

OUTCOMES: Student will be get knowledge of Arduino ide and different

Arduino is a prototype platform (open-source) based on an easy-to-use hardware

and software. It consists of a circuit board, which can be programed (referred to as

a microcontroller) and a ready-made software called Arduino IDE (Integrated

to the physical board.

controller into a more accessible package.

Arduino is a prototype platform (open-source) based on an easy-to-use hardware

and software. It consists of a circuit board, which can be programed (referred to as

a microcontroller) and a ready-made software called Arduino IDE (Integrated

to the physical board.

The key features are −

connect to the cloud and many other actions.

microcontroller on the board via Arduino IDE (referred to as uploading software).

the board. You can simply use a USB cable.

• Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified version of C++, making it

easier to learn to program.

the micro-controller into a more accessible package.

Download the Arduino Software (IDE)

file is also useful if you want to create a portable installation.

• Choose the components to install

the Arduino Software (IDE)

• Proceed with board specific instructions

Different Arduino Boards:

program and use the board.

The Arduino BT is a microcontroller board originally was based on the

module. It supports wireless serial communication over bluetooth.

moved to the top of the board.

AIM: To interface LED/Buzzer with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a program to

13, as shown below

13. void setup() {

AIM: Write program using Arduino IDE for Blink LED

OBJECTIVES: Student should get the knowledge of Arduino Board and

Blinking the RGB LED

AIM: WRITE PROGRAM FOR RGB LED USING ARDUINO.

OUTCOMES: student will be developed programs using Arduino IDE and

38. red = 255 - red;

OUTCOMES: student will be developed programs using Arduino ide and

26. Serial.print(voltage); Serial.println(" volts"); 27.

AIM: To interface DHT11 sensor with Arduino/Raspberry Pi and write a program

void playMelody(int melody, int noteDurations, int notesLength)