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    Assignment Two Ashish

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    api-3710084
    The document provides assignments for operating systems and web technologies courses. Assignment 1 involves questions on paging and page replacement algorithms including calculating page sizes, maximum segment sizes, and simulating page replacement policies. Assignment 2 covers process scheduling including implementing round robin scheduling and calculating average waiting times. Assignment 3 discusses client-server concepts and middleware applications. Assignment 4 involves networking concepts like IP addressing and subnetting. Assignment 5 contains questions on web technologies including analyzing URLs, comparing HTTP GET and POST methods, and explaining differences between static and dynamic web content response times.

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    Assignment Two Ashish

    Uploaded by

    api-3710084
    375 views12 pages
    The document provides assignments for operating systems and web technologies courses. Assignment 1 involves questions on paging and page replacement algorithms including calculating page sizes, maximum segment sizes, and simulating page replacement policies. Assignment 2 covers process scheduling including implementing round robin scheduling and calculating average waiting times. Assignment 3 discusses client-server concepts and middleware applications. Assignment 4 involves networking concepts like IP addressing and subnetting. Assignment 5 contains questions on web technologies including analyzing URLs, comparing HTTP GET and POST methods, and explaining differences between static and dynamic web content response times.

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    The document provides assignments for operating systems and web technologies courses. Assignment 1 involves questions on paging and page replacement algorithms including calculating page sizes, maximum segment sizes, and simulating page replacement policies. Assignment 2 covers process scheduling including implementing round robin scheduling and calculating average waiting times. Assignment 3 discusses client-server concepts and middleware applications. Assignment 4 involves networking concepts like IP addressing and subnetting. Assignment 5 contains questions on web technologies including analyzing URLs, comparing HTTP GET and POST methods, and explaining differences between static and dynamic web content response times.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    375 views12 pages

    Assignment Two Ashish

    Uploaded by

    api-3710084
    The document provides assignments for operating systems and web technologies courses. Assignment 1 involves questions on paging and page replacement algorithms including calculating page sizes, maximum segment sizes, and simulating page replacement policies. Assignment 2 covers process scheduling including implementing round robin scheduling and calculating average waiting times. Assignment 3 discusses client-server concepts and middleware applications. Assignment 4 involves networking concepts like IP addressing and subnetting. Assignment 5 contains questions on web technologies including analyzing URLs, comparing HTTP GET and POST methods, and explaining differences between static and dynamic web content response times.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Assignments for

    Operating Systems and Web Technologies

    Assignment 1: Paging and Page Replacement algorithms

    Problem:

    a) A computer uses an 18-bit address system, with 6 bits used as a page address and
    12 bits used as a displacement. Calculate the total number of pages and express the
    following addresses as a paging address:
    001111000000111000

    Ans:
    Number of pages = 26 = 64.

    b) In a paged segmented system, a virtual address consists of 32 bits of which 12 bits


    are for displacement, 11 bits are for sequence number and 9 bits are for page
    number. Calculate:
    I. Page Size
    II. Maximum Segment Size
    III. Maximum Number of Pages
    IV. Maximum number of segments

    Ans:
    I. Page Size = 212 = 4096
    II. Maximum Segment Size = 29 = 512
    III. Maximum Number of Pages = 211(29-1)
    IV. Maximum Number of Segments = 211 = 2048

    c) Assume a virtual paging system has three real page frames. Simulate the effect of
    LRU, FIFO and optimal policies for page replacement for the following sequence of
    virtual page references, indicating the position of page faults.
    Sequence: 1 3 3 2 5 4 5 4 1 4 2 2 5

    Ans:

    LRU
    1 3 3 2 5 4 1 4 2 2 5
    1 1 1 5 5 5 2 2
    3 3 3 4 4 4 4
    2 2 2 1 1 5

    Total Number of Page Faults = 8


    FIFO
    1 3 3 2 5 4 1 4 2 2 5
    1 1 1 5 5 5 2 2
    3 3 3 4 4 4 5
    2 2 2 1 1 1

    Total Number of Page Faults = 8

    Optimal Algorithm
    1 3 3 2 5 4 1 4 2 2 5
    1 1 1 1 1 2
    3 3 5 5 5
    2 2 4 4

    Total Number of Page Faults = 6

    d) A computer has four page frames. The time of loading, time of last access, and the
    R (Read) and M (Modified) bits for each page are as shown below:
    Page Loaded Last Ref R M
    0 26 280 1 0
    1 230 265 0 01
    2 140 270 0 0
    3 110 285 1 1
    I. Which page will NRU replace?
    II. Which page will FIFO replace?
    III. Which page will LRU replace?

    Ans:

    I. NRU algorithm will replace page = Page 2


    II. FIFO algorithm will replace page = Page 3
    III. LRU algorithm will replace page = Page 1
    Assignment 2: Process Scheduling

    Problem:

    a) What kind of data structure is required to implement the round robin scheduling
    policy?
    Ans:

    Round-Robin scheduling algorithm uses FIFO policy, which is nothing but the queue data
    structure.

    b) List the advantages and disadvantages of round robin scheduling if the time slice
    is too large.
    Ans:

    Advantages:
    I. Not too Context -Switches required
    II. Turnaround time will be less.

    Disadvantage:
    I. If quantum is too large Round-Robin Policy will become FIFO.
    II.

    c) Find the average waiting time in the round robin scheduling for the following.
    Assume a time slice of 5ms.
    Process CPU time (in ms)
    P1 4
    P2 3
    P3 3

    Ans:

    Following diagram shows the Gantt chart for the Round Robin Algorithm with time slice
    of 5ms:

    P1 P2 P3
    0 4. 7 10

    Waiting time (p1) = Completion time (P1) – CPU time (P1) = 4 – 4 = 0


    Waiting time (p2) = Completion time (P2) – CPU time (P2) = 7 – 3 = 4
    Waiting time (p2) = Completion time (P3) – CPU time (P3) = 10 – 3 = 7

    Hence the average waiting time = (0 + 4 + 7)/3


    = 11/3
    =3.67 ms
    Assignment 3: Client server concepts

    Problem:

    a) How does the system’s performance change with respect to response time when
    more (user) terminals are added to
    a) Host-centric computing (for example Mainframes)
    b) Network of computers.
    Which is better and why?
    Ans:

    1.Performance of Host-Centric computing (Mainframes) degrades as more and more


    terminals get attached while in Network OS due to abstraction terminals are attached
    with ease.

    2. There is one smart server present in mainframe systems but in netwok of computers
    each terminal is thick and smart.

    3. When crash occurs mainframe has no other option but in network of computers server
    can be switched from one terminal to another or replica can be maintained.

    b) List out the applications which are based on RPC & P2P,
    ODBC middleware.
    Ans:

    Middleware Application

    RPC Distributed Applications


    P2P Instant Massenger,Grid Computing
    ODBC Databases
    Assignment 4: Networking, IP addressing and Subnetting

    Problem:

    a) Complete the following table given below:

    Use of Repeaters Connects two segments of a network cable.


    It retimes and regenerates the signals to proper
    amplitudes and sends them to the other segments.

    Repeaters operate at which Physical Layer


    layer of OSI
    Bridges are used for Traffic Filter, Checks the address of
    source/destination and relays the
    packets
    Bridges operate at which Data Link Layer
    layer of OSI
    Routers are used for Route data packets between two networks,
    Optimal Path Selection
    Routers operate at which Network Layer
    layer of OSI

    b) Complete the following table given below.


    Function OSI Layer TCP/IP Layer
    Routing of Network Layer Internet Layer
    messages from
    source to
    destination
    Transmission of Physical Layer Network Access Layer
    bits
    Node to Node Data Link Layer Network Access Layer
    delivery of
    messages
    End to End Transport Layer Transport Layer
    delivery of
    messages
    Error and Flow Data Link Layer Network Access Layer
    Control
    Dialogue control Session Layer Application Layer
    c) Complete the table given below.
    IP Address IP Default Network Host
    Class subnet mask address address
    215.26.50. C 255.255.255.0 215.26.50.0 12
    12
    122.12.25. A 255.0.0.0 122.0.0.0 12.25.11
    11
    150.5.5.22 B 255.255.0.0 150.5.0.0 5.22
    192.168.20 C 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.0 2
    .2
    172.12.45. B 255.255.0.0 172.12.0.0 45.3
    3

    d) Global Inc Company obtains a class C address of


    190.150.20.0. The company
    requirements of dividing the physical network into 4 subnets
    interconnected by routers. Each subnet requires at least 30
    Hosts.
    I. Determine the number of bits to be borrowed from the host
    portion of the IP
    address.
    II. Determine the number of bits left for the host addresses

    Ans:

    Class C address 190.150.20.0 into 4 subnets :


    I. Borrow 3 bits from the Host part of the IP address
    (N.N.N.H 10111110.10010110.00010100.00000000)

    • 23 – 2 = 6
    • There are in fact 8 subnet address, but only 6 of them are usable
    • BINARY to DECIMAL
    – 000 Cannot use
    – 001 32
    – 010 64
    – 011 96
    – 100 128
    – 101 160
    – 110 192
    – 111 Cannot use

    190.150.20.32, 190.150.20.64, 190.150.20.96, 190.150.20.128, 190.150.20.160,


    190.150.20.192
    II. Number of bits left for the host address = 5
    Assignment 5: WWW

    Problem:

    a) Consider the URLs:

    http://www.eip.hexaware.com/schdule.html
    ftp://www.unisys.hexaware.com:8091/books/java.doc

    Identify the following:


    I. Host Name
    II. Port Number
    III. Resource name
    IV. Protocol name

    Ans:

    http://www.eip.hexaware.com/schdule.html

    I. Host Name = eip.hexaware.com


    II. Port Number = 80
    III. Resource Name = schedule.html
    IV. Protocol Name = http

    ftp://www.unisys.hexaware.com: 8091/books/java.doc

    I. Host Name = unisys.hexaware.com


    II. Port Number = 8091
    III. Resource Name = java.doc
    IV. Protocol Name = ftp
    b) List the difference between HTTP GET and HTTP POST methods.

    HTTP GET method


     Parameters are encoded and passed along with the URL
     URL encoding
     In web usually, parameters are passed as name-value pairs
     Example:
    http://shopping/purchase?ItemName=CD&Quantity=10
    HTTP POST method
     The parameters from the browser are passed as part of the Message
    body
     Typically the CGI program receives the message body through STDIN
    and decodes it
     Example:
    POST /shopping/purchase HTTP/1.0
    User_Agent: Mozilla/3.0 Gold
    Accept: text/plain
    Accept: text/html
    ItemName=CD+Quantity=10

    c) Why is dynamic web content response time slower than static web
    content?
    Ans:

    In Static web content


     Content created as collection of web documents (HTML files)
     Author determines the content at the time of creation
     Each request will return exactly the same data (Content doesn’t change)
     Example: HTML files, gif/jpeg files – Home page of yahoo

    But in Dynamic web content


     Created on the fly by a web server upon a request to reflect the current info
     Content may vary for each request
     Example: A typical web application (Banking etc) – online ticket status page

    Thus since dynamic web content is not fixed like static web content,
    lots of processing is done to take current data from web server
    hence dynamic web content is slower.

    d) An entrepreneur starts a small software company with a


    network infrastructure
    consisting of 20 hosts with a cable modem internet access. The
    entrepreneur wants to implement security policy for the
    network and the network should be protected from the
    security attacks from the outside world. If you have been a
    security consultant, what security solution you would provide
    at first hand?

    Ans:

    When a computer is connected to a public network, all the data transmitted through the
    Internet are exposed to the outside world

    Firewall is the best mechanism to use


    Firewall is a system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private
    network.

     It can be implemented in both hardware and software.

    Firewall is Frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing


    private networks connected to the Internet, especially Intranets

     All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall
    Messages are examined and those that do not meet the specified security criteria are
    blocked

    ----------------

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