Faculty of Music, Social Sciences and Design

MASS COMMUNICATIONS DEPARTMENT

SUBJECT : SM 207 POPULAR CULTURE

LECTURER: Dr. Abdul Hadi Bin Che Hassan

TASK / TITLE: GROUP PROJECT PRESENTION

STUDENT ID
1. Leong Chee Yang 1001954726
2.Qin Sihan 1002265406
3.Tang Hui Xuan 1002268825
4.Meng Dezhuang 1002266386
5.Wu Yanhong 1002164899
6.Zhou Jingyi 1002267100

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 DECLARATION OF ORIGINAL WORK

I certify that this assignment is my own original work. It adheres to the University &
School guidelines on plagiarism and published material.

INFORMED CONSENT

1. Late submission will be penalized by a ONE-mark deduction per day.

2. Any request for extension needs to be in WRITTEN form, with a valid
reason AND dependent on approval of the subject lecturer.
3. Plagiarism of any kind will result in a ZERO mark and failing of this
assignment.
4. Incomprehensible language/writing can be penalized.
5. I shall adhere to the APA (American Psychological Association) Manual, 5 th
Edition guidelines on format, in-text citations & references.

I acknowledge that I have read and understood the statements above and am subject to the
terms as stated above.

Name: Meng Dezhuang Name: Qin Sihan Name: Tang Hui Xuan

…………………… …………………… ……………………

Student’s signature Student’s signature Student’s signature

Date:12/06/2023 Date:12/06/2023 Date:12/06/2023

Name: Wu Yanhong Name: Zhou Jingyi Name: Leong Chee Yang

……………………… …………………… …………………

Student’s signature Student’s signature Student’s signature

Date:12/06/2023 Date:12/06/2023 Date:12/06/2023

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 Table of Contents

1. Introduction ------------------------------------------------------ 4

2. Origin of culture ------------------------------------------------- 5

⚫ Background

⚫ Hip-Hop pioneers

3. Impact of culture on society and industry ----------------- 7

4. Issues/obstacles/challenges ----------------------------------- 11

5. The future -------------------------------------------------------- 13

6. Conclusion ------------------------------------------------------- 16

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 1.Introduce of Hip-hop

Hip-hop music is characterized by its distinctive rhythmic and popular rap style. It

usually includes drumbeats, bass lines, sampled music and repetitive melodic fragments.

The lyrics of hip-hop songs often express social issues, personal experiences and street

culture. Rap (rap) is the predominant form of expression in hip-hop music, conveying the

thoughts and emotions of the singer through smooth rhymes and rhymes. Hip-hop is global,

sweeping across every coast and landing in every airport. But what does hip-hop mean? Is

it rhythmic music? Or is it improvised rap with a microphone? Or anti-gravity dance moves?

The answer is all the above and more. Since its inception, Hip-Hop has grown to the point

where it controls the culture to some extent. The power of media, music and pop culture

has never been stronger, and its influence continues to grow through market expansion and

a growing consumer base.

Hip-hop culture also encompasses aspects of street dance (Breakdance), graffiti and

fashion. Street dance is a dynamic form of dance commonly seen in hip-hop music backing

dances or competitions. Graffiti is an art form created on walls, streets, and other public

places, often demonstrating individual creativity and uniqueness. Hip-hop fashion often

includes elements such as baggy clothing, sneakers and hats, and these outfits have become

one of the hallmarks of hip-hop culture.

Hip-hop has become a mainstream culture on a global scale over the past few decades.

Hip-hop music can be described as the voice of an entire generation. The hip-hop nation

has evolved from a mere form of advertising and consciousness-raising to a powerful

cultural force that plays an important role in the construction of individual and community

identity. Many well-known hip-hop musicians and artists have expressed their voices and

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opinions through hip-hop, and their music and artwork have had a wide impact on society.

Hip-Hop has also become a cultural representation of young people, inspiring them to

pursue freedom, express their individuality and focus on social issues.

Hip-Hop originated from the grassroots, and the soil in which this culture grew was a

black American society that was rife with violence and injustice. The oppressed black class

used street culture to defend their turf, confront the police, fight social injustice, and speak

out about their rejected underground culture and their thirst for freedom. Hip-hop culture

carries a set of social concepts and values. It emphasizes individual freedom, autonomous

innovation, and social justice. The lyrics of many hip-hop songs explore social issues such

as racism, poverty, injustice, and violence. Hip-hop culture draws attention to these issues

through music, art, and expression, and encourages them to take positive action. Hip-hop

is the culture of the street and an attitude towards life. The spirit of hip-hop is nothing less

than: authenticity, freedom, respect, and the courage to think and speak out.

In short, Hip-hop culture has had a profound impact on music, fashion, art, and social

perceptions around the world. It has become not only a mainstream culture, but also a way

of identity and self-expression for the younger generation. Through music, dance and art,

hip-hop culture provides a space for creativity and freedom, promoting cross-cultural

communication and understanding.

2.Origin of Hip-Hop culture

Background

In New York in the 1970s, the manufacturing recession led to economic collapse,

rising unemployment and the displacement of many people. Crime rates rose, gang

violence, and people faced severe poverty. Business failures also increased rapidly, and the

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entertainment industry almost disappeared. Against this backdrop, young people,

especially African Americans, took to the streets to express themselves, and abandoned

buildings and parking lots provided the stage for block parties. These block parties set the

stage for everything associated with early hip-hop culture.

Hip-Hop pioneers

The Hip-Hop culture started with Hip-Hop music in the earliest days. Three of the

most recognized pioneers in Hip-Hop music are DJ Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa and

Grandmaster Flash.

DJ KOOL HERC, known as the godfather of music. DJ Kool Herc introduced the

"breakbeat" DJ technique, a remix practice he adapted from Jamaican dub music. These

remixes and rhythmic techniques had a major impact on the rise of Hip-Hop, rap and break

dancing.

Afrika Bambaataa is also a very influential figure in the Hip-Hop culture. He was also

a visionary who helped steer the city's youth away from gang life, drugs, and violence. He

founded Universal Zulu Nation, a music-oriented organization that encourages peace and

unity through the expression of Hip-Hop culture.

Grandmaster Flash is an innovative DJ. His influence on Hip-Hop music technology

is huge. He also collaborated with pop music, bringing Hip-Hop from the streets to the

masses and cementing the status of rap music.

Hip-hop or hip-hop is a cultural and artistic movement pioneered by African

Americans from Black American street culture, also known as hip-hop African American

culture. Its development reflected the negative effects of post-industrial decline, political

discourse, and a rapidly changing economy. Hip-hop culture is also a diverse culture and

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its main key elements are rapping, DJing and turntablism, breakdancing, and graffiti. Hip-

hop fashion is now also known as the “fifth element”.

3.Impact of culture on society

Hip-hop, which embodies youth culture in a fresh way, reflects for young people their

perspectives on society and reality with a dash of rebellion and the desire for individuality.

such as hip-hop music, DJs, Rap, and so forth. Although most people still view hip-hop as

an alternative tribe, its primary principles emphasize the freedom and self-assurance of

individual expression. Hip-hop has a long history of influencing society by influencing

people's attitudes, ways of thinking, how they interact with others, and how they live their

lives. Hip-hop is a self-indulgent culture that sprang from the streets of America during a

time of tyranny and uprising. The defiance that permeates this culture's entire way of life

is its most significant characteristic. This resistance can be seen in numerous facets of life,

such as the apathy with which it approaches the oppression of the mainstream and how it

interprets and combats it. This uprising is a result of both resistance to oppression and the

fragility of life. Keeping oneself awake when change cannot be forced is a form of self-

awakening. Young people are constantly under a great deal of pressure from their families

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and society. The young should be having a good time, but due to the realities they must

deal with, they are in a sub-health condition.

Negative effects include the alienation of some cultural values, such as a strong

rebellious mentality, high-profile fanaticism, and self-satisfied expressions, which can

easily lead young people to extreme emotions and behaviors like irritability and violence,

creating negative role models for the education of young people's cultural and moral values.

Additionally, "gentrification" frequently imitates hip-hop culture, which results in an

unbalanced aesthetic due to extravagance or aesthetic deviation. Because of this, it is

crucial to approach and develop hip-hop culture correctly.

Take rap as an example. Rap is the term for a specific style of rhythmic singing. It

was created in the poor black community of New York. Rap music can be used to describe

various sub-genres that use the sound of rap. Young people don't find the ideas of the older

generation helpful. They don't even have to wait to step into society to feel the pressure of

life, and this is where Hip-Hop, with its rebellious and provocative nature, helps them find

a place to survive. This is where hip-hop, with its rebellious and provocative nature, finds

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its place. Rap gave them the strength to fight against the oppression of life and gave them

energy.

Street dance is a new dance style that can be interpreted with various types of music,

such as hip-hop and jazz and combined with various dances, hence the name hip-hop dance.

The introduction of hip-hop music, which initially appeared in the United States in the

1970s and 1980s, altered the black dance in New York.

First, Street dance has a significant impact on young people's physiology. Street

dancing can enhance the physical health of the heart and lungs, and regular exercise can

increase ligament flexibility and muscular endurance. Street dancers must have elasticity

and variability in their movement, as well as forcefulness and coordination in all their body

parts, to demonstrate the charm of their own dance.

Street dance has a significant impact on society. Because there are no set restrictions

and street dancers are allowed to express their comprehension of music and outlook on life,

it can be simpler for them to communicate their feelings and relieve or release various life

moods. Street dancing is informal, therefore, there is a low entry barrier, which makes it

simpler for the general people to participate and to execute daring, enthusiastic motions at

whim, allowing both participants and admirers to get involved in a casual and joyful

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environment. The idea of lifelong physical education is developed, and the physical fitness

of the country is raised.

Hip-hop's origins can be traced to a sense of black community in America. Hip-hop

culture can also be understood as an immediate reaction to the socio-economic problems

that resulted from this past. The black community, along with other historically excluded

groups, has used musical expression to transform their discontent with the injustices they

experience into constructive demonstrations that have assisted in reshaping social attitudes

and opportunities. Hip-hop culture is essentially a voice, a voice of the poor, an ignored or

unheard voice. This is the basis for the existence and appeal of hip-hop culture. Oppressed

groups might utilize hip-hop to express their suffering and plight. And in doing so, they

openly or covertly struggle against repressive social norms.

Hip-hop can also contribute to socio-economic development. First, platforms that

primarily make money from membership fees and advertising are used to broadcast hip-

hop shows. Hip-hop musicians steadily gain fame after the show airs, and their individual

fan bases expand. Some well-known musicians progressively take part in paid

performances, while those with greater ability host their own concerts. This encourages

their fans to attend the paid performances that their loved ones attend, which results in a

certain degree of economic consumption. Second, encouraging travel. Following the

popularity of the show, the more prominent competitors host an increasing number of

commercial events, and the more fans who attend to express their support, the better for

the local economy the commercial events are.

Hip-hop culture's existence can help the economy in some ways, and this could lead

to mutually beneficial outcomes for both parties. Hip-hop is also evidence to some extent

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that there is a relationship between culture and economy that cannot be ignored and that

allowing this relationship to play out fully has a significant impact on the growth of the

economy as both a form of artistic culture and a manifestation of spiritual needs.

4. issues about hip-hop culture

Hip-hop culture is an art form full of individuality and creativity that encompasses

many aspects of music, fashion, dance, and language. It was originally an art form against

racism and a life of poverty, with a strong socially critical and defiant spirit. But with the

development of the times, the flashy gold chains, and cool looks, the flame-filled diss

sessions, and the clash of 'underground' and commercialism, 'hip-hop' has become a new

coordinate point on the map of music, culture, and capital. Hip-hop culture has become

increasingly commercialized, with some companies and individuals putting the

profitability of their work above the quality of their work, which has led to the

proliferation of poor-quality work in the market. Some artists have even used their

influence to discriminate against other genders, sexual orientations, and even racism

through their work. These problems, big or small, make hip-hop culture a huge challenge

today.

Misogyny has always been the most prevalent issue in hip-hop culture. Some

underground rap competitions are filled with rappers' hopes for freedom, resistance, and

rebellion, but also captive to the thirst for money and power of people on the margins of

society: MONEY, sports cars, homie and women, and some music creators hang these

hostile lyrics on their bodies as armor to try and fight the world as they see it.

We might be a little cruder in our wording about the rappers' overwhelming desire to

be heard in their songs: money, cars, and women - one of the ‘triumvirates’ of rap lyrics,

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'women' are never absent from the imagination of their creators. Sadly, their role is often

just to support the rapper: when he's down, women turn away from him and laugh at him;

when he's up, they approach him and praise him. In such logically simple lyrics, women

are reduced to objectified symbols of some kind of wealth and power, losing their will.

There is no way of knowing whether the 'she' mentioned so often in rap songs is a real

person or a symbol that the rappers subconsciously loathe and desire.

The misogyny of rap music is most visually evident in the song titles or lyrics.

Whether the lyrics are metaphorical or blatantly white, the voyeurism of women's vaginas

is clear and unmistakable in the words. In the words of the male rapper, women are both

dangerous playthings full of desire, so much so that the male gaze is involuntarily drawn

towards them, and bottomless gold-digging women than men will suffer if they look at

them for even a second.

According to the scholar Chizuko Ueno in Misogyny, misogyny and brotherhood

culture are the two sides of the same coin. Chizuko Ueno says that one of the reasons

why men are misogynistic is that they need to establish so-called male boundaries by

demeaning and objectifying women. The lower the "she" is, the higher the "I" will

appear. This is why 'misogyny' and 'hegemonic masculinity' (the cultural notion that

strong, powerful men are the real deal) go hand in hand in rap culture. From this point of

view, it is easy to see why material elements such as luxury cars, luxury goods, money,

etc. appear frequently in rap songs or music videos, because in traditional gender culture,

these things operate in line with the logic of 'misogyny', as a testimony to 'men being

successful'.

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 Taking it a step further, when the rap culture underground or above ground is

dominated by a misogynistic vibe, the creative space for female rappers will inevitably

shrink. In the underground, you must be well-versed in the art of swearing with the

female members of the family in mind. And above ground, you are faced with a

monolithic system of evaluation that uses men as a template of reference and orientation.

All of this is a huge hindrance to the development of female rappers.

In fact, with hip-hop, it's not necessarily only through profanity and deliberately

rebellious behavior that one can manifest one's attitude, following the trend of belittling

others is not the original intention of hip-hop culture. If you ask what the dream of hip-

hop is, it has been expressed in many lyrics, and that is to fill the world with love and

bring peace to the world with the spirit of hip-hop as a guideline. Love and peace!

5.Future of Hip-Hop culture

Hip-Hop culture has been an outstanding force in the music industry and popular

culture for decades. It entrenches in deprecated communities and its importance on self-

expression and social commentary have given it a unique and undergoing appeal. Hip-

Hop has already gone global, with artists from different countries putting their distinctive

spin on the genre. In the future, we can expect more notably cross-cultural collaborations

and the blending of varied musical styles. From African beats and Latin rhythms to Asian

instrumentation, the fusion of international sounds will come up with the growth of hip-

hop as a truly global genre. However, as with any cultural occurrence, the question arises:

will hip-hop culture develop to adapt to changing times, or will it be replaced by a new

dominant cultural force in time? This report explores the potential future of hip-hop

culture and considers numerous factors that could impact its fate.

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 Hip-Hop culture became known in the Bronx, New York, during the 1970s, to begin

with as a form of creative expression for African American and Latinx communities.

Over the years, it has grown into a global movement surrounding music, dance, art,

fashion, and social activism. As it continues to progress, it faces numerous challenges and

opportunities that will shape its future. Hip-Hop has historically been known for its

bluster and tough exterior, but recent years have seen a shift towards more sensitivity in

lyrics and discussions around mental health. We can expect this trend to continue, with

artists sharing their personal struggles and promoting self-care and mental well-being

within the hip-hop community.

Hip-Hop culture has shown amazing adaptability throughout its history. It has taken

up influences from numerous genres, and its artists continually experiment with new

sounds and styles. While some may argue that lyricism has taken a backseat to catchy

hooks and beats in recent years, there is a growing command for artists who classify

storytelling and wordplay. We can anticipate a revived focus on lyricism as Hip-Hop

enthusiasts crave meaningful and thought-provoking content. The future of Hip-Hop may

mean further fusion with other music genres, such as electronic dance music (EDM),

rock, and pop, leading to innovative sub-genres and enlarging its reach to diverse

audiences.

Moreover, technological advancements will likely play a crucial role in forming the

evolution of Hip-Hop. The rise of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) could

create hypnotic experiences for fans, while artificial intelligence (AI) might be used to

enhance the creative process, leading to groundbreaking new forms of Hip-Hop music

and art. As technology continues to advance, it’s only natural that Hip-Hop will cuddle

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new ways of creating and distributing music. From virtual reality concerts to AI-

generated beats, we can look for Hip-Hop artists and producers to push the boundaries of

what’s possible and redefine how we experience music.

Historically, Hip-Hop has been a powerful medium for social and political activism,

resolving issues such as racial inequality, police brutality, poverty, and systemic injustice.

As societal challenges persist, hip-hop is likely to continue serving as a platform for

marginalized voices and a catalyst for change. Its potential to mobilize and inspire

grassroots movements could make it an enduring cultural force. In recent years, Hip-Hop

artists have increasingly used their policy to address social and political issues, giving a

voice to the silent and advocating change. As the world continues to struggle with

pressing issues like climate change, racial inequality, and social justice, we can expect

that Hip-Hop will become even more interthread with involvement and social awareness.

Hip-hop has exceeded cultural and national boundaries, becoming a global

phenomenon. Women have been making waves in Hip-Hop as well, but their existence

and impact have grown aggressively in recent years. We can expect the future of Hip-

Hop to include even more talented female artists, producers, and executives who will

challenge gender means and redefine the genre. While its core elements remain

consonant, Hip-Hop in different regions takes on unique characteristics influenced by

local cultures and languages. The future of Hip-Hop culture may involve increased

localization, where artists from various countries infuse their own cultural elements,

languages, and experiences into the music, leading to a rich curtain of global Hip-Hop

expressions.

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 As Hip-Hop grows, it faces competition from emerging music genres and cultural

movements. While some genres may challenge its supremacy temporarily, Hip-Hop has

signified resilience by incorporating elements from these genres and creating new hybrid

styles that echo with modern audiences. This process of hybridization could be essential

in ensuring Hip-Hop's survival and relevance in the face of new cultural trends. The

mainstream success of Hip-Hop has led to increased commercialization, with corporate

interests sometimes overshadowing its original ethos. Maintaining authenticity will be

crucial in securing the future of hip-hop culture. Artists and fans alike will need to

navigate the delicate balance between commercial feasibility and preserving the culture's

essence. The future of Hip-Hop culture will be influenced by socioeconomic factors such

as access to resources, education, and opportunities for artists. Supporting artists from

deprived backgrounds will be essential in nurturing the creativity and diversity that have

made Hip-Hop culture thrive.

Hip-Hop culture's future is dynamic and multifaceted. While it faces challenges

from shifting cultural trends and emerging genres, its ability to adapt, hybridize, and stay

connected to its roots will likely ensure its continued relevance and impact on society. As

long as Hip-Hop remains a platform for the artistic. The future of Hip-Hop is

undoubtedly bright and full of innovation. As the genre continues to evolve and adapt to

societal changes and global influences, we can expect a rich and diverse landscape of

sounds and styles. While it’s impossible to predict the exact direction Hip-Hop will take,

one thing is certain: the genre will remain a powerful force in the music industry and a

vital means of expression for generations to come.

6.Conclusions

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 The above is the understanding and generalization of hip-hop culture in this article.

Hip-hop, just two words, represents a generation of great inheritance, a beautiful melody,

a solemn culture, an unfettered freedom, challenging and unconstrained imagination.

Maybe they came to the streets to claim to emphasize self-salvation, and hip-hop, which

emphasized a high degree of freedom, was not favored by the public at the beginning, but

you have to admit and admire that the history of this culture has unconsciously surpassed

50 years of development. You can express your inner world and criticize and judge the

rotten society through hip-hop. Although the hip-hop culture that has been passed down

to this day has gradually evolved into a product that is blindly worshiped, followed, and

pursued by young people, I dare not say that modern young people have been blinded by

these blind trends and have gradually forgotten the original spirit of hip-hop. Of course,

among this group of young people, there are also people who have the original intention

of hip-hop culture, although they are only a minority, but when they choose hip-hop as a

career, they can remember every night looking at the ceiling to open their horizons, just

for tomorrow’s self. For food and clothing, for family, for dreams, for hip-hop, for hope.

When you are annoyed that you didn't buy new replica shoes, you never thought that

someone was born with confiscated eyesight and hearing. Children are starving to death.

In the smoky society in the name of hip-hop, I really live in hip-hop and love it. Those

who regard hip-hop as the purest talent are the only light in hip-hop culture and that trace

of justice. If this righteousness has not fallen, the purest hip-hop will be passed on

forever. That's what hip-hop is all about. The hip-hop is not only affects a person from

the depths of his heart, but also not only represents a social phenomenon of chaos and

disorder, but an attitude. This is the glamor that is exclusive to hip-hop. Hip-hop is not

17
 the most popular style in the world, but it is the power that will be passed on to the next

generation. Even the little ones who are not well known but also can be deeply influenced

by the Hip-Hop culture. Once they find out that they can use social media and publicity

to their advantage for more wealth and opportunities in life they will use it a lot, make the

most of it. Hip-hop was originally an art form that was "raw" and open at its core. With

the rapid development of the times, hip-hop culture is not only imprisoned in its own hip-

hop group, but also begins to be discovered and loved by the public. This phenomenon is

not only the inheritance of many true and false hip-hops, but also evolves various new

styles of hip-hops. Finally, a lifetime of hip-hop, the rise of hip-hop, its success as a

phenomenon and culture, has even planted seeds and roots across the globe. This, is the

reason why hip-hop, called hip-hop.

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