ANGUS Application Bulletin

CORRGUARD™ 95 Amino Alcohol

CORRGUARD 95 CORRGUARD™ 95
CORRGUARD 95 Amino Alcohol for Metalworking Fluids:
A Cost Effective Replacement for Ethanolamines
CORRGUARD™ 95 is an excellent choice for cost-effective replacement of monoethanolamine (MEA)/triethanolamine (TEA) combinations.
While CORRGUARD 95 is more expensive on a per lb/per kg basis, the lower use level and higher performance allows formulation cost to
be managed. The likelihood of longer fluid life also means that maintenance and fluid replacement costs may be reduced.

The following advantages are realized when CORRGUARD 95 Amino Alcohol replaces MEA/TEA:
• Lower use level
• Greater resistance to microbial degradation
• Better pH stability
• Less leaching of cobalt and lead
• Less aluminum staining
• Reduced chance of ammonia release

Key Benefits
Optimized formulation costs vs. MEA/TEA
It is commonly believed that replacement of ethanolamines with CORRGUARD 95 Amino Alcohol will result in higher formulation cost. This
is not always the case, especially where high levels of TEA are used to buffer fluid pH. For example, in a case where neutralization of 3%
neodecanoic acid and 5% CORFREE M1 in a semi synthetic fluid formulation is desired, a strong base like MEA or CORRGUARD 95 is
used to neutralize the acids and develop pH. Here 3.8% MEA or 5.9% CORRGUARD 95 is required. However, as fluids with ethanolamines
often experience greater pH loss over time, TEA is added for buffering. Fig. 1 shows relative costs for ethanolamine systems vs.
CORRGUARD 95; the prices of MEA/TEA are assumed to be equal and CORRGUARD 95 is ~2.5 times this price.

The system with CORRGUARD 95 is similar in cost to 3.8% MEA/10% TEA, and is significantly less expensive than 3.8%MEA/15% TEA.
Less buffering is needed with CORRGUARD 95 because the fluids are more resistant to microbial degradation.

Figure 2
Figure 1
Relative Cost Comparison Bacterial Resistance of Amine/
CORRGUARD™ 95 vs. MEA/TEA Acid Salt Solutions3
6.0
(after 10 weeks)
1.00E+08
Relative Amine Cost

4.9
5.0
1.00E+07
Bacteria (CFU/mL)

4.0 3.9 1.00E+06

3.6
1.00E+05
3.0
2.3 1.00E+04
2.0
1.00E+03
1.0
1.0 1.00E+02

1.00E+01
0.0
3.8% MEA 3.8% MEA/5% TEA 3.8% MEA/10% TEA 3.8% MEA/15% TEA 5.9% CORR. 95
1.00E+00
Tall Oil Fatty Acid CORFREE M1 Phosphate Ester
CORRGUARD™ 95 MEA/TEA
CORRGUARD™ 95 TEA MEA

Figure 3
Fungal Resistance of Amine/ Figure 4
Acid Salt Solutions3 pH Loss of Amine/Acid Salt Solutions3
(after 10 weeks) (after 10 weeks)
1.00E+03
0

-0.2
Fungi (CFU/mL)

1.00E+2 -0.4
Loss of pH

-0.6

-0.8
1.00E+1
-1
Tall Oil Fatty Acid Salts Phosphate Ester Salts
-1.2

-1.4
1.00E+00
Tall Oil Fatty Acid CORFREE M1 Phosphate Ester -1.6
CORFREE M1 Salts

CORRGUARD™ 95 TEA MEA CORRGUARD™ 95 TEA MEA

MoreChemical
ANGUS than chemistry.
Company
A Subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company
®
 Greater Resistance to Microbial Degradation and Better pH Stability
A series of typical amine-acid salts (0.5% acid neutralized to pH 9.5) was prepared to evaluate microbial resistance and
pH stability. These systems were inoculated with mixed bacterial/fungal inoculum isolated from spoiled fluids. Microbial
resistance (Figs. 2,3) and pH stability (Fig. 4) are excellent with CORRGUARD™ 95 overall, supporting the idea that fluids
with CORRGUARD 95 do not require the level of buffering needed with ethanolamines.

Significantly Less Cobalt and Lead Leaching than Ethanolamines

Cobalt leaching during the production of carbide tools is a health and safety concern. CORRGUARD 95 Amino Alcohol
leaches much less cobalt than MEA and TEA and is a excellent choice for low cobalt leaching fluids as its use leads
to greater safety and possibly reduced use of expensive leaching inhibitors. The same is true for leaded-brass alloys
where CORRGUARD 95 leaches significantly less lead. Test results are shown in Fig. 5. Here, 1% active amine solutions
neutralized to pH 9.0 (acetic acid) were mixed with carbide or leaded-brass swarf for 5 days; the filtrates were analyzed
for dissolved metal.

Figure 5
Cobalt & Lead Leaching Results
Amine Solutions3
300

Dissolved Metal (ppm)

250

200

150

For further information, 100

visit our website 50

www.ANGUS.com, or call:
0
nited States 1-800-447-4369 (phone)
U Cobalt Lead

and Canada: 1-989-832-1560 (phone)

CORRGUARD™ 95 TEA MEA
1-989-832-1465 (fax)
Europe: 800-3-694-6367 (phone)
32-3-450-2240 (phone)
32-3-450-2815 (fax) Less Staining of Aluminum Alloys
Aluminum alloys are prone to staining in contact with water-dilutable metalworking fluids, especially when amine levels
Pacific: 603-7958-3392 (phone)
and pH are high. Since less CORRGUARD 95 is required vs. MEA/TEA, aluminum staining is normally reduced. Work
603-7958-5598 (fax)
conducted by Huntsman concluded that “Solutions of TEA showed much more significant staining/corrosion than any
India: 91-22-2760-2504 (phone) of the other amines tested.”1 These “amines” included MEA and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, the active ingredient in
91-22-2760-6899 (fax) CORRGUARD 95.
Latin America: 55-11-5188-9555 (phone)
55-11-5188-9937 (fax) Reduced Ammonia Release
Biodegradation of ethanolamines accompanied by pH drop results in the accumulation of dissolved ammonia in
Other Global 1-989-832-1560 (phone) metalworking fluids; subsequent upward pH adjustment results in a sudden release of ammonia which is a potential safety
Areas: 1-989-832-1465 (fax) hazard. This problem is virtually eliminated when CORRGUARD 95 Amino Alcohol is used in place of MEA/TEA,
†except Indonesia and Vietnam as demonstrated in work conducted by the former Olin Chemicals.2
NOTICE: No freedom from any patent owned by Seller
or others is to be inferred. Because use conditions and
applicable laws may differ from one location to another
Formulating Guidance
and may change with time, Customer is responsible for ANGUS is ready to help you formulate fluids with CORRGUARD 95 and appropriate biocides based on your cost and
determining whether products and the information in
this document are appropriate for Customer’s use and
performance requirements. Please call us at 1-800-447-4369 for technical assistance.
for ensuring that Customer’s workplace and disposal
practices are in compliance with applicable laws and 1 Koch J., Amine Selection Criteria for Metalworking Fluids, STLE Annual Meeting, Commercial Marketing Forum IV (2002)
other governmental enactments. Seller assumes no 2 Delaney K. et al, Ammonia Gassing in Metalworking Fluids: Amine Effect, STLE Annual Meeting, Metalworking Fluids Technical Session (2003)
obligation or liability for the information in this
3 Tests performed at ANGUS Chemical Company.
document. NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN; ALL
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED. Product Stewardship
Please note that not all products are registered in all ANGUS encourages its customers to review their applications of ANGUS products from the standpoint of human health
regions for all applications. Please contact your local
and environmental quality. To help ensure that ANGUS products are not used in ways for which they are not intended,
Dow representative for detailed technical information
applicable to your individual situation. ANGUS personnel will assist customers in dealing with environmental and product safety considerations. For assistance,
Safety Data Sheets, or other information, please contact your ANGUS representative at the numbers provided in this
document. When considering the use of any ANGUS product in a particular application, review the latest Safety Data
Sheet to ensure that the intended use is within the scope of approved uses and can be accomplished safely. Before
handling any of the products, obtain available product safety information including the Safety Data Sheet(s) and take the
More than chemistry. necessary steps to ensure safety of use.
ANGUS Chemical Company
®™ Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company (“Dow”) or an affiliated company of Dow
A Subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company
® Form Number: 319-00884-09/15/07 TCG

ANGUS Application Bulletin CORRGUARD™ 95 Amino Alcohol