Caringbah High School

2019 Year 12 Trial HSC Examination

Mathematics Extension 1

General Instructions Total marks – 70

• Reading time – 5 minutes Section I (Pages 3–5)

• Working time – 2 hours 10 marks
• Write using black pen. • Attempt Questions 1–10
• Board-approved calculators may • Allow about 15 minutes for this
be used. section
• A reference sheet with standard Section II (Pages 6–11)
formulae and integrals is
60 marks
provided.
• In Questions 11–14, show • Attempt Questions 11–14
relevant mathematical reasoning • Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes
and/or calculations. for this section.

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Section I

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1. The polynomial 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) = 𝑥𝑥 4 – 𝑘𝑘𝑥𝑥 3 – 2𝑥𝑥 + 33 has (𝑥𝑥 – 3) as a factor.

What is the value of 𝑘𝑘 ?

4
(A) −4 (B) –4
9
4
(C) 4 (D) 4
9

2. Which is the correct condition for y = mx + b to be a tangent to x2 = 4ay ?

(A) am2 + b = 0 (B) am2 – b = 0

(C) am + b = 0 (D) am – b = 0

3. The roots of 3𝑥𝑥 3 – 2𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑥 – 1 = 0 are 𝛼𝛼, 𝛽𝛽 and 𝛾𝛾.

What is the value of 𝛼𝛼 2 𝛽𝛽𝛽𝛽 + 𝛼𝛼𝛽𝛽 2 𝛾𝛾 + 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛾𝛾 2 ?

1 2
(A) − (B) −
9 9
2
(C) 1 (D)
9

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 1 + 𝑥𝑥
4. Evaluate lim � �.
𝑥𝑥→∞ 2 − 𝑥𝑥

(A) −2 (B) –1

(C) 1 (D) 2

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
5. What is the correct expression for � ?
9 + 4𝑥𝑥 2
1 2𝑥𝑥 1 2𝑥𝑥
(A) tan−1 � � (B) tan−1 � �
4 3 3 3
1 2𝑥𝑥 2 2𝑥𝑥
(C) tan−1 � � (D) tan−1 � �
6 3 3 3

6. A particle moves in simple harmonic motion so that its velocity, v, is given by

v2 = 6 – x – x2.
Between which two points does it oscillate?

(A) x = 2 and x = –3 (B) x = –2 and x = 3

(C) x = 1 and x = 2 (D) x = 6 and x = 3

7. tan−1(−1) =

−3𝜋𝜋 −𝜋𝜋
(A) (B)
4 4
𝜋𝜋 3𝜋𝜋
(C) (D)
4 64

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 8. Segment AD lies on a tangent to the
circle centre, O, radius 5 cm.
BC is 6 cm and CD is 9 cm.

Find the exact length of AD.

(A) √15 (B) 3√6

(C) 3√10 (D) 3√15

1
9. The general solution for cos 2𝑥𝑥 = − , where , 𝑛𝑛 = 0, ±1, ±2, … is
2
𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋
(A) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 + (−1)𝑛𝑛 (B) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 + (−1)𝑛𝑛
3 6
𝜋𝜋 𝜋𝜋
(C) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ± (D) 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 ±
6 3

10. A flat semi-circular disc is being heated so that the rate of increase of the area (A m2),

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 1
after 𝑡𝑡 hours, is given by = 𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 4

Initially the disc has a radius of 4 metres.

Which of the following is the correct expression for the area after t hours?

1 1
(A) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑡𝑡 2 + 8𝜋𝜋 (B) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑡𝑡 2 + 8𝜋𝜋
4 8
1 1
(C) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑡𝑡 2 + 16𝜋𝜋 (D) 𝐴𝐴 = 𝜋𝜋𝑡𝑡 2 + 16𝜋𝜋
4 8

End of Section I

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Section II
60 marks
Attempt Questions 11–14
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this section .
Answer each question in the appropriate writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.
In Questions 11–14, your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations.

Question 11 (15 Marks) Use the Question 11 Writing Booklet. Marks

a) Calculate the acute angle between the lines x – 5y – 2 = 0 2

and x – 2y = 0 to the nearest degree.

3𝑥𝑥 − 2
b) Solve the inequality ≥ 5. 2
𝑥𝑥 + 1

c) i) Express cos 2x in terms of sin2x. 1

cos 2𝑥𝑥 − 1
ii) Hence evaluate lim . 1
𝑥𝑥→0 𝑥𝑥 sin 𝑥𝑥

3
d) ⌠ 2
Evaluate  x 9 – x dx using the substitution u = 9 − x 2 . 3
⌡0

e) If A is the point (–2, –1) and B is the point (1, 5), find the coordinates of the 2
point P which divides the interval AB externally in the ratio 2:5.

f) Ms Namvar bought a slurpy in Port Douglas which had a temperature

of 5° C. The temperature in Port Douglas was 35° C. The slurpy warms
at a rate proportional to the difference between the air temperature
and the temperature (T) of the slurpy.

𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
That is, 𝑇𝑇 satisfies the equation = 𝑘𝑘(𝑇𝑇 − 35).
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
i) Show that 𝑇𝑇 = 35 + 𝐴𝐴𝑒𝑒 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 satisfies this equation. 1

ii) If the temperature of the slurpy after ten minutes is 10° C, find its 3
temperature, to the nearest whole degree, after 20 minutes.

End of Question 11
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Question 12 (15 Marks) Use the Question 12 Writing Booklet. Marks

a) The polynomial P(x) is given by P(x) = x3 + bx2 + cx – 10 where b and c

are constants. The three zeroes of P(x) are –1, 2 and α.

i) Find the values of b and c . 2

ii) Hence or otherwise find the value of α. 1

b) The equation 2𝑥𝑥3 − 6𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 0 has roots α, β and γ. 2

1 1 1
Evaluate + + .
𝛼𝛼 𝛽𝛽 𝛾𝛾

c) By considering the expansion for tan (α – β), find x so that 3

1 1
tan−1 𝑥𝑥 = tan−1 � � − tan−1 � � .
2 3

d) Consider the function 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥) = 𝑒𝑒 2𝑥𝑥 + 6𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 + 9.

i) Explain why 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥) has an inverse function 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥) for all 𝑥𝑥. 1

ii) Draw a neat sketch of 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) and 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑓𝑓 −1 (𝑥𝑥), 2

showing all intercepts and asymptotes.

iii) Find the equation of the inverse function in terms of x. 3

iv) Hence or otherwise solve 𝑒𝑒 2𝑥𝑥 + 𝑒𝑒 𝑥𝑥 = 6 . 1

End of Question 12

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Question 13 (15 Marks) Use the Question 13 Writing Booklet. Marks

𝜋𝜋
2
a) Evaluate � cos2 2𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑. 3
𝜋𝜋
3

b) Given the parametric equations in terms of θ, 1

𝑥𝑥 = 3 sin 𝜃𝜃 and 𝑦𝑦 = 4 cos 𝜃𝜃,
find the Cartesian equation.

c) i) Express 3 sin 𝑥𝑥 − 2 cos 𝑥𝑥 in the form 𝑅𝑅 sin(𝑥𝑥 − 𝛼𝛼). 2

𝜋𝜋
ii) Hence solve 3 sin 𝑥𝑥 − 2 cos 𝑥𝑥 = 1, 0 ≤ 𝑥𝑥 ≤ . 1
2
Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

Question 13 continued on next page

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Question 13 (continued)

d) Two points P(2ap, ap2) and Q(2aq, aq2) lie on the parabola x2 = 4ay. The
chords OP and OQ meet at right angles at the origin. M is the midpoint of
the chord PQ. R is a point (not on the parabola) such that OPRQ is a
rectangle, as shown in the diagram below.

i) Show that pq = –4. 1

ii) Explain why R has the coordinates (2a(p + q), a(p2 + q2)). 1

iii) Find the equation of the locus of R. 2

e) A particle oscillates in a straight line under simple harmonic motion. At

time, t, it has displacement of x metres from a fixed point O on the line.
It’s velocity, v ms–1, is given by v2 = 32 + 8x – 4x2.

i) Find and expression for the particle’s acceleration in terms of x. 1

ii) Find the period and amplitude of the motion. 2

iii) Find the maximum speed of the particle. 1

End of Question 13

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 Question 14 (15 Marks) Use the Question 14 Writing Booklet. Marks

a) Prove by mathematical induction that (32n – 1) is divisible by 8, for all 3

integers n = 1, 2, 3, …

b) A point P (x, y) moves so that its distance from A (8, –2) is equal to 3
twice its distance from B (–1, 4). Find its locus in algebraic form and
describe the locus geometrically.

1
3 3
c) The curve f(x) = (x – 12x) is shown below.

y = f(x)

i) It can be seen that y = f (x) crosses the x-axis near x = –3⋅3. Use 2
one application of Newton’s method to obtain another
approximation to the root of f (x) = 0.

ii) Explain why using x = –3⋅3 as a first approximation does not 1

produce a better approximation to the root than the original
approximation.

Question 14 continued on next page

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 Question 14 (continued)

d) Mr Laurendet has taken some time off work to organize a ski-jump training
session for the upcoming snow excursion. He has calculated that if he skis down a
slope at Perisher at 54 km/h and launches of a jump he can land on a target 37√2
metres down the slope. It is known that the slope below the jump falls away at an
average rate of 45°.

Not to Scale
Yeehaa!!!

θº

37√2 m

45º

Let acceleration due to gravity to be g = −10 ms–2 and Mr Laurendet’s angle of

projection above the horizontal to be θ,

i) Show that his trajectory path is given by the equation 3

𝑥𝑥 2 sec 2 𝜃𝜃
𝑦𝑦 = − + 𝑥𝑥 tan 𝜃𝜃.
45
ii) Hence, find the smallest positive angle of projection, θ, to the nearest 3
whole degree, that enables him to land on his target 37√2 m away.

End of Question 14

End of Examination

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