Test 04 Answer

IELTS Fighter – IELTS as easy as pie
Cơ sở 1 : 254 Hoàng Văn Thái, Thanh Xuân, HN SĐT: 0462 956 422
Cơ sở 2: 44 Trần Quốc Hoàn, Cầu Giấy, HN SĐT: 0466 862 804
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LISTENING
SECTION 1 Questions 1-10
Questions 1-3
Choose the correct letter, A. B or C
Example:
Martin wants to
A. sell a flat.
B. rent a flat.
C. buy a flat.
1 What is Martin’s occupation?

A He works in a car factory.
B He works in a bank.
C He is a college student.
2 The friends would prefer somewhere with
A four bedrooms.
B three bedrooms.
C two bathrooms.
3 Phil would rather live in
A the east suburbs.
B the city centre.
C the west suburbs.
Questions 4-10
Complete the table below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Details of flats available
Location Features Good (+) and bad (-) points
Bridge Street, near the 4 bus • 3 bedrooms (+) 5…450……….. (£) a month
station • very big living room (+) transport links
(-) no shower
(-) could be 6…busy……….
7. Hills Avenue • 4 bedrooms (+) 9……stylish………….. and

• living room well equipped
• 8…dining room…………. (+) shower
(+) will be 10…quiet………
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(-) £800 a month

Questions 11-15
Complete the sentences below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
The British Library
11 The reading rooms are only open for group visits on…Sundays……….
12 The library was officially opened in…1998………..
13 All the library rooms together cover…100000..……….m2.
14 The library is financed by the…state…………….
15 The main function of the library is to provide resources for people doing…research……………
Questions 16-20
Label the plan below.
Plan of the British Library
16. Center
17. Information sheet
18. Book store
19. Library
20.

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Questions 21-25
Choose the correct answer A. B or C
Project on work placement
21 The main aim of Dave's project is to
A describe a policy.
B investigate an assumption.
C identify a problem.
22 Dave’s project is based on schemes in
A schools.
B colleges.
C universities.
23 How many academic organisations returned Dave's questionnaire?
A 15
B 50
C 150
24 Dave wanted his questionnaires to be completed by company
A Human Resources Managers.
B Line Managers.
C owners.
25 Dr Green wants Dave to provide a full list of
A respondents.
B appendices. Notes on project
C companies.
Introduction
Questions 26-30
 improve the 26…organization………….of ideas
Complete the notes below.
 include a 27…defintion……….. of “Work Placement”
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each
 have separate sections for literature survey and research 28…purpose…………
and methods
Findings
Preparation stage - add summary
29……Key skills……………. development – good
Constraints on learning - 3provide better links to the 30…evidence……… from research

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Questions 31-35
Complete the sentences below
31 Bilingualism can be defined as having an equal level of communicative …at least……………. in two or more
languages.
32 Early research suggested that bilingualism caused problems with…learning……….. and mental development.
33 Early research into bilingualism is now rejected because it did not consider the…social and economic……….
backgrounds of the children.
34 It is now thought that there is a…positive………….. bilingualism and cognitive skills in children.
35 Research done by Ellen Bialystok in Canada now suggests that the effects of bilingualism also apply to……
aldults……….
Questions 36-40
Choose the correct letter A, B or C.
36 In Dr Bialystok's experiment, the subjects had to react according to
A the colour of the square on the screen.
B the location of the square on the screen.
C the location of the shift key on the keyboard.
37 The experiment demonstrated the 'Simon effect’ because it involved a conflict between
A seeing something and reacting to it.
B producing fast and slow reactions.
C demonstrating awareness of shape and colour.
38 The experiment shows that, compared with the monolingual subjects, the bilingual subjects
A were more intelligent.
B had faster reaction times overall.
C had more problems with the 'Simon effect'.
39 The results of the experiment indicate that bilingual people may be better at
A doing different types of tasks at the same time.
B thinking about several things at once.
C focusing only on what is needed to do a task.
40 Dr Bialystok's first and second experiments both suggest that bilingualism may
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A slow down the effects of old age on the brain.

B lead to mental confusion among old people.
C help old people to stay in better physical condition.
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READING
READING PASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
Snow-makers
Skiing is big business nowadays. But what can ski resort owners do if the snow doesn't come?
A In the early to mid-twentieth century, with the growing popularity of skiing, ski slopes
became extremely profitable businesses. But ski resort owners were completely dependent on the weather: if it
didn't snow, or didn’t snow enough, they had to close everything down. Fortunately, a device called the snow gun
can now provide snow whenever it is needed. These days such machines are standard equipment in the
vast majority of ski resorts around the world, making it possible for many resorts to stay open for months or more a
year.
B Snow formed by natural weather systems comes from water vapour in the atmosphere. The water vapour
condenses into droplets, forming clouds. If the temperature is sufficiently low, the water droplets freeze into tiny ice
crystals. More water particles then condense onto the crystal and join with it to form a snowflake. As the snow flake
grows heavier, it falls towards the Earth.
C The snow gun works very differently from a natural weather system, but it accomplishes exactly the same
thing. The device basically works by combining water and air. Two different hoses are attached to the gun, one
leading from a water pumping station which pumps water up from a lake or reservoir, and the other leading from an
air compressor. When the compressed air passes through the hose into the gun, it atomises the water - that is, it
disrupts the stream so that the water splits up into tiny droplets. The droplets are then blown out of the gun and if
the outside temperature is below 0°C, ice crystals will form, and will then make snowflakes in the same way as
natural snow.
D Snow-makers often talk about dry snow and wet snow. Dry snow has a relatively low amount of water, so it
is very light and powdery. This type of snow is excellent for skiing because skis glide over it easily without getting
stuck in wet slush. One of the advantages of using a snow-maker is that this powdery snow can be produced to give
the ski slopes a level surface. However, on slopes which receive heavy use, resort owners also use denser, wet
snow underneath the dry snow. Many resorts build up the snow depth this way once or twice a year, and
then regularly coat the trails with a layer of dry snow throughout the winter.
E The wetness of snow is dependent on the temperature and humidity outside, as well as the size of the water
droplets launched by the gun. Snow-makers have to adjust the proportions of water and air in their snow guns to get
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the perfect snow consistency for the outdoor weather conditions. Many ski slopes now do this with a central
computer system that is connected to weather-reading stations all over the slope.
F But man-made snow makes heavy demands on the environment. It takes about 275,000 litres of water
to create a blanket of snow covering a 60x60 meter area. Most resorts pump water from one or more reservoirs
located in low-lying areas. The run-off water from the slopes feeds back into these reservoirs, so the resort can
actually use the same water over and over again. However, considerable amounts of energy are needed to run the
large air-compressing pumps, and the diesel engines which run them also cause air pollution.
G Because of the expense of making snow, ski resorts have to balance the cost of running the machines with
the benefits of extending the ski season, making sure they only make snow when it is really needed and when it will
bring the maximum amount of profit in return for the investment. But man-made snow has a number of other uses
as well. A layer of snow keeps a lot of the Earth’s heat from escaping into the atmosphere, so farmers often use
man-made snow to provide insulation for winter crops. Snow-making machines have played a big part in many
movie productions. Movie producers often take several months to shoot scenes that cover just a few days. If the
movie takes place in a snowy setting, the set decorators have to get the right amount of snow for each day of
shooting either by adding man-made snow or melting natural snow. And another important application of man-
made snow is its use in the tests that aircraft must undergo in order to ensure that they can function safely in
extreme conditions.
Questions 1-5
Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs A-G.
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number (i-x) in boxes 1-5 on your answer
sheet. 1 Paragraph C ix
2 Paragraph D iii
Example Answer 3 Paragraph E viii
Paragraph 4 Paragraph F i
v
A
5 Paragraph G vi
Paragraph B x
List of headings
i Considering ecological costs
ii Modifications to the design of the snow gun
iii The need for different varieties of snow
iv Local concern over environmental issues
v A problem and a solution
vi Applications beyond the ski slopes
vii Converting wet snow to dry snow
viii New method for calculating modifications
ix Artificial process, natural product
x Snow formation in nature 7
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Questions 6-8
Label the diagram below.
6.compressed 7. tiny droplets 8.ice

crystals
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your answer sheet.
Questions 9-13
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.
9 Dry snow is used to give slopes a level surface, while wet snow is used to increase the …depth……..on busy
slopes.
10 To calculate the required snow consistency, the……temperature and humidity…….of the atmosphere must
first be measured.
11 The machinery used in the process of making the snow consumes a lot of……energy…….which is damaging
to the environment.
12 Artificial snow is used in agriculture as a type of…covering………..for plants in cold conditions.
13 Artificial snow may also be used in carrying out safety checks on…aircraft……….
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READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below:
Why are so few tigers man-eaters?

A. As you leave the Bandhavgarh National Park in central India, there is a notice which shows a
huge, placid tiger. The notice says, ‘You may not have seen me, but I have seen you.’ There are more than a billion
people In India and Indian tigers probably see humans every single day of their lives. Tigers can and do kill almost
everything they meet in the jungle, they will kill even attack elephants and rhino. Surely, then, it is a little strange
that attacks o humans are not more frequent.
B. Some people might argue that these attacks were in fact common in the past. British writers of adventure
stories, such as Jim Corbett, gave the impression that village life in India in the early years of the twentieth century
involved a stage of constant siege by man-eating tigers. But they may have overstated the terror spread by tigers.
There were also far more tigers around in those days (probably 60.000 in the subcontinent compared to just 3000
today). So in proportion, attacks appear to have been as rare then as they are today.
C. It is widely assumed that the constraint is fear; but what exactly are tigers afraid of? Can they really know
that we may be even better armed that they are? Surely not. Has the species programmed the experiences of all
tigers with humans its genes to be inherited as instinct? Perhaps. But I think the explanation may be more simple
and, in a way, more intriguing.
D. Since the growth of ethology in the 1950s, we have tried to understand animal behaviour from the animal’s
point of view. Until the first elegant experiments by pioneers in the field such as Konrad Lorenz, naturalists wrote
about animals as if they were slightly less intelligent humans. Jim Corbett’s breathless accounts of his duels with a
an-eaters in truth tell us more about Jim Corbett than they do about the animals. The principle of ethology, on the
other hand, requires us to attempt to think in the same way as the animal we are studying thinks, and to observe
every tiny detail of its behaviour without imposing our own human significances on its actions.
E. I suspect that a tiger’s afraid of humans lies not in some preprogramed ancestral logic but in the way he actually
perceives us visually. If you think like a tiger, a human in a car might appear just to be a part of the car, and because
tigers don’t eat cars the human is safe-unless the car is menacing the tiger or its cubs, in which case a brave or
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enraged tiger may charge. A human on foot is a different sort of puzzle. Imagine a tiger sees a man who is 1.8m tall.
A tigeris less than 1m tall but they may be up to 3m long from head to tail. So when a tiger sees the man face on, it
might not be unreasonable for him to assume that the man is 6m long. If he meets a deer of this size, he might attack
the animal by leaping on its back, but when he looks behind the mind he can’t see a back. From the front the man is
huge, but looked at from the side he all but disappears. This must be very disconcerting. A hunter has to be
confident that it can tackle its prey, and no one is confident when they are disconcerted. This is especially true of a
solitary hunter such as the tiger and may explain why lions-particularly young lionesses who tend to encourage one
another to take risks are more dangerous than tigers.
F. If the theory that a tiger is disconcerted to find that a standing human is both very big and yet somehow invisible
is correct, the opposite should be true of a squatting human. A squatting human is half the size and presents twice
the spread of back, and more closely resembles a medium-sized deer. If tigers were simply frightened of all humans,
then a squatting person would be no more attractive as a target than a standing one. This, however appears not to be
the case. Many incidents of attacks on people involving villagers squatting or bending over to cut grass for fodder or
building material.
G. The fact that humans stand upright may therefore not just be something that distinguishes them from nearly all
other species, but also a factor that helped them to survive in a dangerous and unpredictable environment.
Note:
Ethology = the branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of animals in their natural habitats
Questions 14-18
Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs labelled A-G
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.
14 a rejected explanation of why tiger attacks on humans are rare C
15 a reason why tiger attacks on humans might be expected to happen more often than they do A
16 examples of situations in which humans are more likely to be attacked by tigers F
17 a claim about the relative frequency of tiger attacks on humans B
18 an explanation of tiger behaviour based on the principles of ethology E
Questions 19-23
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 19-23 on your answer sheet write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
19 Tigers in the Bandhavgarh National Park are a protected species. NG
20 Some writers of fiction have exaggerated the danger of tigers to man. T
21 The fear of humans may be passed down in a tiger's genes. T
22 Konrad Lorenz claimed that some animals are more intelligent than humans. F
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23 Ethology involves applying principles of human behaviour to animals. NG
Questions 24-26
Choose the correct answer, A. B C or D
24. Why do tigers rarely attack people in cars?
A They have learned that cars are not dangerous.
B They realise that people in cars cannot be harmed.
C They do not think people in cars are living creatures.
D They do not want to put their cubs at risk.
25. The writer says that tigers rarely attack a man who is standing up because
A they are afraid of the man s height.
B they are confused by the man's shape.
C they are puzzled by the man s lack of movement.
D they are unable to look at the man directly.
26. A human is more vulnerable to tiger attack when squatting because
A he may be unaware of the tiger's approach.
B he cannot easily move his head to see behind him.
C his head becomes a better target for the tiger.
D his back appears longer in relation to his height.
READING PASSAGE 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
Keep taking the tablets

The history of aspirin is a product of a rollercoaster ride through time, of accidental discoveries, intuitive
reasoning and intense corporate rivalry.
In the opening pages of Aspirin: The Remarkable Story of a Wonder Drug , Diarmuid Jeffreys describes this little
white pill as ‘one of the most amazing creations in medical history, a drug so astonishingly versatile that it can
relieve headache, ease your aching limbs, lower your temperature and treat some of the deadliest human diseases’.
Its properties have been known for thousands of years. Ancient Egyptian physicians used extracts from the willow
tree as an analgesic, or pain killer. Centuries later the Greek physician Hippocrates recommended the bark of the
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willow tree as a remedy for the pains of childbirth and as a fever reducer. But it wasn't until the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries that salicylates the chemical found in the willow tree became the subject of serious scientific
investigation. The race was on to identify the active ingredient and to replicate it synthetically. At the end of the
nineteenth century a German company, Friedrich Bayer & Co. succeeded in creating a relatively safe and very
effective chemical compound, acetylsalicylic acid, which was renamed aspirin.
The late nineteenth century was a fertile period for experimentation, partly because of the hunger among scientists
to answer some of the great scientific questions, but also because those questions were within their means to
answer. One scientist in a laboratory with some chemicals and a test tube could
make significant breakthroughs whereas today, in order to map the human genome for instance, one needs ‘an army
of researchers, a bank of computers and millions and millions of dollars’.
But an understanding of the nature of science and scientific inquiry is not enough on its own to explain how society
innovates. In the nineteenth century, scientific advance was closely linked to the industrial revolution. This was
a period when people frequently had the means, motive and determination to take an idea and turn it into reality. In
the case of aspirin that happened piecemeal - a series of minor, often unrelated advances, fertilised by the century’s
broader economic, medical and scientific developments that led to one big final breakthrough.
The link between big money and pharmaceutical innovation is also a significant one. Aspirin s continued shelf life
was ensured because for the first 70 years of its life, huge amounts of money were put into promoting it as an
ordinary everyday analgesic. In the 1070s other analgesics, such as ibuprofen and paracetamol, were entering the
market, and the pharmaceutical companies then focused on publicising these new drugs. But just at the same time,
discoveries were made regarding the beneficial role of aspirin in preventing heart attacks, strokes and other
afflictions. Had it not been for these findings, this pharmaceutical marvel may well have disappeared.
So the relationship between big money and drugs is an odd one. Commercial markets are necessary for developing
new products and ensuring that they remain around long enough for scientists to carry out research on them. Rut the
commercial markets are just as likely to kill off' certain products when something more attractive comes along. In
the case of aspirin, a potential ‘wonder drug* was around for over 70 years without anybody investigating the way
in which it achieved its effects, because they were making more than enough money out of it as it was. If ibuprofen
or paracetamol had entered the market just a decade earlier, aspirin might then not be here today. It would be just
another forgotten drug that people hadn't bothered to explore.
None of the recent discoveries of aspirin's benefits were made by the big pharmaceutical companies; they were
made by scientists working in the public sector. 'The reason for that is very simple and straightforward,'Jeffreys says
in his book. 'Drug companies will only pursue research that is going to deliver financial benefits. There's no profit in
aspirin any more. It is incredibly inexpensive with tiny profit margins and it has no patent anymore, so anyone can
produce it.' In fact, there's almost a disincentive for drug companies to further boost the drug, he argues, as it could
possibly put them out of business by stopping them from selling their more expensive brands.
So what is the solution to a lack of commercial interest in further exploring the therapeutic benefits of aspirin? More
public money going into clinical trials, says Jeffreys. ‘If I were the Department of Health. I would say “this is a very
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inexpensive drug. There may be a lot of other things we could do with it." We should put a lot more money into
trying to find out.'
Jeffreys' book which not only tells the tale of a 'wonder drug' but also explores the nature of innovation and
the role of big business, public money and regulation reminds us why such research is so important.
Questions 27-32
Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-H from the box below.
Write the correct letter A-H in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
27 Ancient Egyptian and Greek doctors were aware of E
28 Frederick Bayer & Co were able to reproduce G
29 The development of aspirin was partly due to the effects of D
30 The creation of a market for aspirin as a painkiller was achieved through H
31 Aspirin might have become unavailable without A
32 The way in which aspirin actually worked was not investigated by C
A the discovery of new medical applications.

B the negative effects of publicity.
C the large pharmaceutical companies.
D the industrial revolution.
E the medical uses of a particular tree
F the limited availability of new drugs.
G the chemical found in the willow tree.
H commercial advertising campaigns.
Questions 33-37
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet write
YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
33 For nineteenth-century scientists, small-scale research was enough to make important discoveries. T
34 The nineteenth-century industrial revolution caused a change in the focus of scientific research. NG
35 The development of aspirin in the nineteenth century followed a structured pattern of development. F
36 In the 1970s sales of new analgesic drugs overtook sales of aspirin. NG
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37 Commercial companies may have both good and bad effects on the availability of pharmaceutical products.
T
Questions 38-40
Complete the summary below using the list of words A-l below.
Write the correct letter A-l in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.
Research into aspirin
Jeffreys argues that the reason why 38……E…… did not find out about new uses of aspirin is that aspirin is no
longer a 39…F……. drug. He therefore suggests that there should be 40…C……… support for further research
into the possible applications of the drug.
A useful
B cheap
C state
D international
E major drug companies
F profitable
G commercial
H public sector scientists
I health officials
WRITING TASK 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. Write at least 150 words.
The table below shows the results of a survey to find out what members of a city sports
club think about the club’s activities, facilities andopening hours.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make any
comparisons where relevant.
Range of activities Very satisfied Satisfied Not satisfied
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Female members 35% 35% 30%
Male members 55% 40% 5%
Club facilities
Opening hours
WRITING TASK 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
Modern societies need specialists in certain fields, but not in others.
Some people therefore think that governments should pay university fees for students
who study subjects that are needed by society.
Those who choose to study less relevant subjects should not receive government funding.
Would the advantages of such an educational policy outweigh the disadvantages?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
The more recent ages, the more students want to help the country where they were born and raised so the
students are now trying to learn every day to help their country develop more. They do it by constantly
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learning and gaining knowledge, learning life skills. University is where they end their 12-year journey of
study and are ready to enter the place where they complete their training. It is not necessary to pay tuition
fees for occupations that society needs to develop the country because it would be unfair to other subjects
or occupations of the student. For example, if there is a couple of close friends who each study a different
profession like surgeon and land management, if the state only pays for the surgeon's tuition, the other
person will be unfair. To solve this problem, the government can pay a part of the tuition fees for the
students who are study subjects related to careers that the country needs. The government needs to strictly
manage the education part to produce talented people for the country because the current economic
situation is in recession due to war and fierce competition between countries.Teaching university students
is also an important part of the country's development. If college students are not properly educated they
will not be useful latterly. The state needs to set aside an amount of money to invest in facilities as well as
help students with tuition fees. Finally, be fair in funding tuition or scholarships for students
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IELTS Fighter – IELTS as easy as pie

1 What is Martin’s occupation?

7. Hills Avenue • 4 bedrooms (+) 9……stylish………….. and

(-) £800 a month

SECTION 2 Questions 11-20

SECTION 3 Questions 21-30

Preparation stage - add summary

29……Key skills……………. development – good

Constraints on learning - 3provide better links to the 30…evidence……… from research

SECTION 4 Questions 31-40

A slow down the effects of old age on the brain.

6.compressed 7. tiny droplets 8.ice

Why are so few tigers man-eaters?

23 Ethology involves applying principles of human behaviour to animals. NG

Keep taking the tablets

A the discovery of new medical applications.

E major drug companies

H public sector scientists

Range of activities Very satisfied Satisfied Not satisfied

Female members 35% 35% 30%

Male members 55% 40% 5%

Female members 64% 22% 14%

Male members 63% 27% 10%

Female members 72% 25% 3%

Male members 44% 19% 37%

Those who choose to study less relevant subjects should not receive government funding.

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