processor formats for your particular conference.

When you open ieeeconf_letter.doc or ieeeconf_A4.doc,

Template for Preparation of Papers select “Page Layout” from the “View” menu in the menu bar
(View | Page Layout), which allows you to see the footnotes.
for IEEE Sponsored Conferences & Then type over sections of the sample file, either
Symposia ieeeconf_letter.doc or ieeeconf_A4.doc or simply cut and
Frank Anderson, Sam B. Niles, Jr., and Theodore C. paste from another document and then use markup styles.
Donald, Member, IEEE The pull-down style menu is at the left of the Formatting
Toolbar at the top of your Word window (for example, the
style at this point in the document is “Text”). Highlight a
Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for
preparing papers for IEEE conferences. Use this document as a section that you want to designate with a certain style, then
template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or later. select the appropriate name on the style menu. The style will
Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. Instructions adjust your fonts and line spacing. Do not change the font
about final paper and figure submissions in this document are sizes or line spacing to squeeze more text into a limited
for IEEE journals; please use this document as a “template” to number of pages. Use italics for emphasis; do not underline.
prepare your manuscript. For submission guidelines, follow
To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the
instructions on paper submission system as well as the
Conference website. Do not delete the blank line immediately insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or
above the abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit |
column. Paste Special | Picture (with “Float over text” unchecked).
IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your
I. INTRODUCTION paper is intended for a conference, please observe the
conference page limits.
T II. PROCEDURE FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions 6.0 A. Review Stage
or later. If you are reading a paper version of this document,
please download the electronic file, ieeeconf_letter.dot (for Instructions about final paper and figure submissions in
letter sized paper: 8.5” x 11”) or ieeeconf_A4.dot (for A4 this document are for IEEE journals; please use this
sized paper: 210mm x 297mm) and save to MS Word document as a “template” to prepare your manuscript. For
templates directory. The template to produce your submission guidelines, follow instructions on paper
conference paper is available at submission system as well as the Conference website.
www.paperplaza.net/support/support.html. To create your Please check with your editor on whether to submit your
own document, from within MS Word, open a new manuscript by hard copy or electronically for review. If hard
document using File | New then select ieeeconf_letter.dot copy, submit photocopies such that only one column appears
(for letter sized paper) or ieeeconf_A4.dot (for A4 sized per page. This will give your referees plenty of room to
paper). All instructions beyond this point are from IEEE. write comments. Send the number of copies specified by
Instructions about final paper and figure submissions in your editor (typically four). If submitted electronically, find
this document are for IEEE journals; please use this out if your editor prefers submissions on disk or as e-mail
document as a “template” to prepare your manuscript. For attachments.
submission guidelines, follow instructions on paper If you want to submit your file with one column
submission system as well as the Conference website. electronically, please do the following:
If your paper is intended for a conference, please contact --First, click on the View menu and choose Print
your conference editor concerning acceptable word Layout.
--Second, place your cursor in the first paragraph.
1This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce Go to the Format menu, choose Columns, choose one
under Grant BS123456 (sponsor and financial support acknowledgment column Layout, and choose “apply to whole document”
goes here). Paper titles should be written in uppercase and lowercase letters, from the dropdown menu.
not all uppercase. Avoid writing long formulas with subscripts in the title;
--Third, click and drag the right margin bar to just
short formulas that identify the elements are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do not
write "(Invited)" in the title. Full names of authors are preferred in the over 4 inches in width.
author field, but are not required. Put a space between authors' initials. The graphics will stay in the “second” column, but you can
F. Anderson is with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, drag them to the first column. Make the graphic wider to
Boulder, CO 80305 USA (corresponding author to provide phone: 303-555-
5555; fax: 303-555-5555; e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov). push out any text that may try to fill in next to the graphic.
S. B. Niles, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He
is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort B. Final Stage
Collins, CO 80523 USA (e-mail: author@lamar. colostate.edu). Instructions about final paper and figure submissions in
T. C. Donald is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University
of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research this document are for IEEE journals; please use this
Institute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]). document as a “template” to prepare your manuscript. For
submission guidelines, follow instructions on paper 2) Slightly Harder Way: Using a scanner as above, save
submission system as well as the Conference website. When the images in TIFF format. High-contrast line figures and
you submit your final version, after your paper has been tables should be prepared with 600 dpi resolution and saved
accepted, print it in two-column format, including figures with no compression, 1 bit per pixel (monochrome), with file
and tables. Send three prints of the paper; two will go to names of the form “fig3.tif” or “table1.tif.” To obtain a 3.45-
IEEE and one will be retained by the Editor-in-Chief or in figure (one-column width) at 600 dpi, the figure requires a
conference publications chair. horizontal size of 2070 pixels. Typical file sizes will be on
You must also send your final manuscript on a disk, the order of 0.5 MB.
which IEEE will use to prepare your paper for publication. Photographs and grayscale figures should be prepared
Write the authors’ names on the disk label. If you are using a with 220 dpi resolution and saved with no compression, 8
Macintosh, please save your file on a PC formatted disk, if bits per pixel (grayscale). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one-
possible. You may use Zip or CD-ROM disks for large files, column width) at 220 dpi, the figure should have a
or compress files using Compress, Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip. horizontal size of 759 pixels.
Also send a sheet of paper with complete contact Color figures should be prepared with 400 dpi resolution
information for all authors. Include full mailing addresses, and saved with no compression, 8 bits per pixel (palette or
telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses. This 256 color). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one column width) at
information will be used to send each author a 400 dpi, the figure should have a horizontal size of 1380
complimentary copy of the journal in which the paper pixels.
appears. In addition, designate one author as the
“corresponding author.” This is the author to whom proofs For more information on TIFF files, please go to
of the paper will be sent.
Proofs are sent to the
Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that
corresponding author only.
“Fig.” is abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number,
C. Figures followed by two spaces. It is good practice to explain the
All tables and figures will significance of the figure in the caption.
be processed as images.
However, IEEE cannot
extract the tables and
figures embedded in your
document. (The figures and
tables you insert in your
document are only to help you
gauge the size of your paper,
for the convenience of the
referees, and to make it easy
for you to distribute
preprints.) Therefore, submit,
on separate sheets of paper,
enlarged versions of the tables and figures that appear in http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informa
your document. These are the images IEEE will scan and tion.htm and click on the link “Guidelines for Author
publish with your paper. Supplied Electronic Text and Graphics.”
3) Somewhat Harder Way: If you do not have a scanner,
you may create non-color PostScript figures by “printing”
D. Electronic Image Files (Optional) them to files. First, download a PostScript printer driver
You will have the greatest control over the appearance of from
your figures if you are able to prepare electronic image files. http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvwin.htm
If you do not have the required computer skills, just submit (for Windows) or from
paper prints as described above and skip this section. http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvmac.htm
1) Easiest Way: If you have a scanner, the best and (for Macintosh) and install the “Generic PostScript Printer”
quickest way to prepare non-color figure files is to print your definition. In Word, paste your figure into a new document.
tables and figures on paper exactly as you want them to Print to a file using the PostScript printer driver. File names
appear, scan them, and then save them to a file in PostScript should be of the form “fig5.ps.” Use Adobe Type 1 fonts
(PS) or Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) formats. Use a when creating your figures, if possible.
separate file for each image. File names should be of the 4) Other Ways: Experienced computer users can convert
form “fig1.ps” or “fig2.eps.” figures and tables from their original format to TIFF. Some
useful image converters are Adobe Photoshop, Corel Draw,
 TABLE I
UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
No vertical lines in table. Statements that serve as
captions for the entire table do not need footnote letters.
a
Gaussian units are the same as cgs emu for
and Microsoft Photo Editor, an application that is submission.
magnetostatics; Mx = maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted;
part of Microsoft Office 97 and Office 2000 (look These will
Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T = tesla, m = meter, A =
for C:\Program Files\Common Files \Microsoft be custom
ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry.
Shared\ PhotoEd\ PHOTOED.EXE. (You may generated
have to custom-install Photo Editor from your for you at
original Office disk.) the
Here is a way to make TIFF image files of submission
tables. First, create your table in Word. Use time.
horizontal lines but no vertical lines. Hide gridlines Authors are
(Table | Hide Gridlines). Spell check the table to responsible
remove any red underlines that indicate spelling for
errors. Adjust magnification (View | Zoom) such obtaining
that you can view the entire table at maximum area any security
when you select View | Full Screen. Move the clearances.
cursor so that it is out of the way. Press “Print
Screen” on your keyboard; this copies the screen
image to the Windows clipboard. Open Microsoft
Photo Editor and click Edit | Paste as New Image. III. MATH
Crop the table image (click Select button; select the If you are
part you want, then Image | Crop). Adjust the using
properties of the image (File | Properties) to Word, use
monochrome (1 bit) and 600 pixels per inch. either the
Resize the image (Image | Resize) to a width of 3.45 inches. Microsoft Equation Editor or the MathType add-on
Save the file (File | Save As) in TIFF with no compression (http://www.mathtype.com) for equations in your paper
(click “More” button). (Insert | Object | Create New | Microsoft Equation or
Most graphing programs allow you to save graphs in MathType Equation). “Float over text” should not be
TIFF; however, you often have no control over compression selected.
or number of bits per pixel. You should open these image
files in a program such as Microsoft Photo Editor and re- IV. UNITS
save them using no compression, either 1 or 8 bits, and
Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units
either 600 or 220 dpi resolution (File | Properties; Image |
are strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as
Resize). See Section II-D2 for an explanation of number of
secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in
bits and resolution. If your graphing program cannot export
data storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100 Gb/in2).”
to TIFF, you can use the same technique described for tables
An exception is when English units are used as identifiers in
in the previous paragraph.
trade, such as “3½ in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and
A way to convert a figure from Windows Metafile
CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in
(WMF) to TIFF is to paste it into Microsoft PowerPoint,
oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do
save it in JPG format, open it with Microsoft Photo Editor or
not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units,
similar converter, and re-save it as TIFF.
clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation.
Microsoft Excel allows you to save spreadsheet charts in
The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m.
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF). To get good resolution,
However, if you wish to use units of T, either refer to
make the Excel charts very large. Then use the “Save as
magnetic flux density B or magnetic field strength
symbolized as µ0H. Use the center dot to separate compound
HTML” feature (see http://support.microsoft.com/support/
units, e.g., “A·m2.”
kb/articles/q158/0/79.asp). You can then convert from GIF
to TIFF using Microsoft Photo Editor, for example.
V. HELPFUL HINTS
No matter how you convert your images, it is a good idea
to print the TIFF files to make sure nothing was lost in the A. Figures and Tables
conversion. Instructions about final paper and figure submissions in
If you modify this document for use with other IEEE this document are for IEEE journals; please use this
journals or conferences, you should save it as type “Word document as a “template” to prepare your manuscript. For
97-2000 & 6.0/95 - RTF (*.doc)” so that it can be opened by submission guidelines, follow instructions on paper
any version of Word. submission system as well as the Conference website.
E. Copyright Form Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper, you
do not need to position figures and tables at the top and
An IEEE copyright form should accompany your final
bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions,
and tables can be at the end of the paper. Large figures and are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’
tables may span both columns. Place figure captions below names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or
the figures; place table titles above the tables. If your figure more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers that have not
has two parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” as part of the been published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers
artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you that have been submitted for publication should be cited as
mention in the text actually exist. Please do not include “submitted for publication” [5]. Papers that have been
captions as part of the figures. Do not put captions in accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue
“text boxes” linked to the figures. Do not put borders should be cited as “to be published” [6]. Please give
around the outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation affiliations and addresses for private communications [7].
“Fig.” even at the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for
“Table.” Tables are numbered with Roman numerals. proper nouns and element symbols. If you are short of space,
Color printing of figures is available, but is billed to the you may omit paper titles. However, paper titles are helpful
authors (approximately $1300, depending on the number of to your readers and are strongly recommended. For papers
figures and number of pages containing color). Include a published in translation journals, please give the English
note with your final paper indicating that you request color citation first, followed by the original foreign-language
printing. Do not use color unless it is necessary for the citation [8].
proper interpretation of your figures. If you want reprints
C. Abbreviations and Acronyms
of your color article, the reprint order should be submitted
promptly. There is an additional charge of $81 per 100 for Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are
color reprints. used in the text, even after they have already been defined in
Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do
words rather than symbols. As an example, write the not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate
quantity “Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N.
“M.” Put units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
units. As in Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article).
(A/m)” or “Magnetization (A m−1),” not just “A/m.” Do not D. Equations
label axes with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, Number equations consecutively with equation numbers
write “Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” in parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the
not write “Magnetization (A/m) × 1000” because the reader equation number in parentheses. To make your equations
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp
16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid
approximately 8 to 12 point type. ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they
B. References are part of a sentence, as in
Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1].
The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets
[1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the
(1)
relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the
reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or
Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been
“reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence:
defined before the equation appears or immediately
“Reference [3] shows ... .” Unfortunately the IEEE
following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature,
document translator cannot handle automatic endnotes in
but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or
Word; therefore, type the reference list at the end of the
“equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence:
paper using the “References” style.
“Equation (1) is ... .”
Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert |
Footnote).2 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the E. Other Recommendations
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.”
Table I). Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential
Please note that the references at the end of this document was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write
instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or
2It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the “Using (1), we calculated the potential.”
unnumbered footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
integrate the footnote information into the text.
“cm3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm × 0.2 tion.htm
cm,” not “0.1 × 0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” is
“s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings and VII. EDITORIAL POLICY
abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m2” or “webers per square Submission of a manuscript is not required for
meter,” not “webers/m 2.” When expressing a range of participation in a conference. Do not submit a reworked
values, write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.” version of a paper you have submitted or published
A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is elsewhere. Do not publish “preliminary” data or results. The
punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of
parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) all coauthors and any consent required from sponsors before
In American English, periods and commas are within submitting a paper. IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS
quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is strongly discourage courtesy authorship. It is the obligation
“outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not” of the authors to cite relevant prior work.
instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and The Transactions and Journals Department does not
C” instead of “A, B and C.” publish conference records or proceedings. The
If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or TRANSACTIONS does publish papers related to conferences
plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We that have been recommended for publication on the basis of
observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”). peer review. As a matter of convenience and service to the
Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not technical community, these topical papers are collected and
English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to published in one issue of the TRANSACTIONS.
proofread your paper. At least two reviews are required for every paper
submitted. For conference-related papers, the decision to
VI. SOME COMMON MISTAKES accept or reject a paper is made by the conference editors
The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for and publications committee; the recommendations of the
the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter referees are advisory only. Undecipherable English is a valid
“o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the reason for rejection. Authors of rejected papers may revise
adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or and resubmit them to the TRANSACTIONS as regular papers,
“remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.” whereupon they will be reviewed by two new referees.
A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The
word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” VIII. PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
(unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the The contents of IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS are
word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring peer-reviewed and archival. The TRANSACTIONS publishes
to simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial
mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and
“issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions topics of current interest.
are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; Authors should consider the following points:
for example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must
Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some advance the state of knowledge and must cite relevant
composition NixMn1-x. prior work.
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones 2) The length of a submitted paper should be
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), commensurate with the importance, or appropriate to
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” the complexity, of the work. For example, an obvious
“principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” extension of previously published work might not be
(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” appropriate for publication or might be adequately
and “infer.” treated in just a few pages.
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
“"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper;
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
no period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it unexpected results are reported.
is also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” 4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,
and the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient
abbreviations are not italicized). information to allow readers to perform similar
An excellent style manual and source of information for experiments or calculations and use the reported results.
science writers is [9]. A general IEEE style guide, Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper
Information for Authors, is available at must contain new, useable, and fully described
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informa information. For example, a specimen's chemical
 composition need not be reported if the main purpose of [12] R. W. Lucky, “Automatic equalization for digital communication,”
Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 547–588, Apr. 1965.
a paper is to introduce a new measurement technique. [13] S. P. Bingulac, “On the compatibility of adaptive controllers
Authors should expect to be challenged by reviewers if (Published Conference Proceedings style),” in Proc. 4th Annu.
the results are not supported by adequate data and Allerton Conf. Circuits and Systems Theory, New York, 1994, pp. 8–
16.
critical details. [14] G. R. Faulhaber, “Design of service systems with priority
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the reservation,” in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp.
latest technical achievement, which are suitable for 3–8.
presentation at a professional conference, may not be [15] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial
anisotropy,” in 1987 Proc. INTERMAG Conf., pp. 2.2-1–2.2-6.
appropriate for publication in a T RANSACTIONS or [16] G. W. Juette and L. E. Zeffanella, “Radio noise currents n short
JOURNAL. sections on bundle conductors (Presented Conference Paper style),”
presented at the IEEE Summer power Meeting, Dallas, TX, June 22–
IX. CONCLUSION 27, 1990, Paper 90 SM 690-0 PWRS.
[17] J. G. Kreifeldt, “An analysis of surface-detected EMG as an
A conclusion section is not required. Although a amplitude-modulated noise,” presented at the 1989 Int. Conf.
conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not Medicine and Biological Engineering, Chicago, IL.
[18] J. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer (Thesis or Dissertation style),”
replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA,
elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest 1993.
applications and extensions. [19] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical
nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka
Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.
APPENDIX [20] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices (Patent style),”
U.S. Patent 3 624 12, July 16, 1990.
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledg- [21] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems (Standards style), IEEE
ment. Standard 308, 1969.
[22] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.
[23] R. E. Haskell and C. T. Case, “Transient signal propagation in lossless
ACKNOWLEDGMENT isotropic plasmas (Report style),” USAF Cambridge Res. Lab.,
The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in Cambridge, MA Rep. ARCRL-66-234 (II), 1994, vol. 2.
[24] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the
American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the Earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep.
singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments. TR-0200 (420-46)-3, Nov. 1988.
Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to [25] (Handbook style) Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,
Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.
thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” Sponsor Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola
and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the Semiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
unnumbered footnote on the first page. [26] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,
day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue).
Available: http://www.(URL)
REFERENCES [27] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style http://www.atm.com
with paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. [28] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title.
Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. Journal [Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given.
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Available: http://www.(URL)
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135. [29] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3).
New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. pp. 876—880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/
[4] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work 21ps03-vidmar
style),” unpublished.
[5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted
for publication),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published.
[6] J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays
(Periodical style—Submitted for publication),” IEEE J. Quantum
Electron., submitted for publication.
[7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private
communication, May 1995.
[8] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron
spectroscopy studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate
interfaces(Translation Journals style),” IEEE Transl. J. Magn.Jpn.,
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