Rizal College of Taal

COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

COMMISION ON HIGHER EDUCATION

Region IV-A
RIZAL COLLEGE OF TAAL
COLLEGE OF GRADUTE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

EDUC 104
(SCHOOL PLANT ADMINISTRATION)

By: Sherina M. Manalo

D. School Building

4. School Building Plan

a. Design, Guidelines, Types of Building

1. A master plan should be drawn up for the site as a whole. For this purpose services
of a good architect should always be taken for the planning of the building. However
teachers and head of the institution should also try to equip themselves for giving
suggestions to architect or planner in order to make the school plant more useful and
serviceable.

2. The level of the school should be high so that water-logging does not take place in
the monsoon season. There should be a good drainage system.

3. Always it is advisable to have the buildings of one storey. The second storey can be
constructed in future when future expansion is needed. So any type or design must
therefore take note of this possibility of future expansion. So it is desirable that the
school plant should be planned.

4. The building should be south-facing, so that sunlight can enter into the room in the
winter and cannot enter directly in the summer. Provision should be made for the free
circulation of air, proper light and a minimum area to accommodate a certain number
of school children. The building must be planned with hygienic laws.

5. The school building must provide for certain amenities for the students such
common room, sanitary conveniences, provision for mid-day meals, refreshments and
in case of girl students retiring rooms with necessary facilities, accommodation for
teachers with a common room available for them where they can meet one another, a
reading room and a library; a visitors’ room, a room for the headmaster, an office room
and a well-planned and equipped science laboratory to stimulate greater interest in
science. But the planning and designing should be scientific and modem. The
construction of all types of rooms in the building must be determined not by fancy but
by utility.
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

6. Adequate space must be provided with classrooms, special rooms, school halls,
staff room, office room, pupils’ common room, library and reading room in every
secondary school. Classroom should have 600 Sq.ft floor area (30′ x 20′). The height
of each room must be more than 15 feet.

7. Efforts should be made to have school buildings with a graceful look. The
surroundings of the school building should be attractive and must provide a stimulating
environment for children to study and conduct co-curricular activities more effectively.

8. As regards the type of the design, no single type can be recommended. However,
the school building can be of several types.
These are:
(i) The I Type – Consisting of a row of classrooms.
(ii) The L Type – L type with an extension on one side.
(iii) The T Type – T type with an extension on one side both ways.
(iv) The U Type – Two I type joined on one side.
(v) The E type.
(vi) The H Type.

Usually T.E.L.H and U types of buildings are preferred as they are convenient and
beautiful to look at. There should be windows on opposite sides of the room opening
to outside and giving cross ventilation. So ventilation, light and heating should be in
accordance with the best practices. The building should be daily cleaned and annually
washed and other repairs should be timely attended to.

Sketch Map of School Buildings:

The ‘U’, ‘E’ and ‘H’ types are illustrated below:

The “U” Type:
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

b. Plans (Standard, Special)

Class sizes shall range from a minimum of 15 pupils/students to a maximum of 65
pupils/students per class. The average class size shall be 50. 5. With the adoption of
double shift session for classes and an increase in the average class size to 50, the
classroom shortage is expected to be reduced to 17,873 classrooms.

1. The Department of Education (DepEd) issues this DepEd Order on

Establishing the Minimum Performance Standards and Specifications (MPSS)
for DepEd School Buildings to guide the Department and other stakeholders in
the preparation of plans— architectural, structural, electrical, fire protection and
sanitary— to ensure the comfort and safety of the would-be occupants of the
school buildings.

2. A well-designed school building, that considers ergonomics, anthropometries,

thermal comfort, illumination, ventilation, acoustics, color, and compliance with
the law, contributes to improved student performance, and makes a lasting
impression on the community with regard to importance of education.

3. All DepEd Orders and other related issuances, rules and regulations that are
inconsistent with these minimum performance standards and specifications are
hereby repealed, rescinded, or modified accordingly.

c. Building Plan Requirements- Design Requirements (Window, Ceiling Height),

Floor Construction, Roof Construction, Exit Doors

Doors & Windows:

-security grilles at front, casement window at rear side
-Concrete jamb

Stair width from 4.5M to 5.0M

Fire Exit Stair width from 0.90M to 1.20M (clear width)
Provision of Wet Standpipe System for 4 storey school building
Provision of Dry Standpipe System for 2 storey & 3 storey school building
Color Scheme

WINDOWS
14 Glass Jalousie Blades on a Shutter Type window holder (Jaloplus) w/ fixed clear
glass transoms on 50x150mm concrete jambs
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

DOORS
2 Panel Type Door
(swing-out) with lever type lockset and Fixed Glass
Transom on 50x150mm concrete jambs/frames.

CEILING
4.5mm thick Fiber Cement Board on metal furring @400mm OC with aluminum for
insulation

ROOFING
0.4mm thick base metal (0.43m with metal coating)
Pre-Painted Long Span Corrugated GI Sheet

d. Miscellaneous requirements - Monitor construction and maintenance activities to

check for safety violations and to ensure that certificate of occupancy requirements.

5. Acquisition of New School Building

a. Allocation Procedure, Administration, Construction by Government Agencies,

Donations, Voluntary contributions

The school budgeting, accounting and auditing attempt to determine the effective and efficient
uses of resources and to provide the roadmap by which the stakeholders in education can
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

evaluate school financial status to support the operation and improvement of education among
other control techniques.

Acquisition of school sites. In acquiring new school sites, DECS would of course prefer that
the donation of land to DECS be absolute in character. On the other hand, DECS encourages
the use of the Contract of Usufruct of school sites from either local governments or private
parties. A Contract of Usufruct is here defined as one in which DECS will have lull use of the
property for free without any payment for as long as the property is used for educational
purposes. The contract of Usufruct shall be registered with the Register of Deeds and
annotated in the title of the owner of the property. In addition, it is possible for the donated
school site to be named after the deceased forebears of the donor, if that is so desired.

Henceforth, absolute donations and Contract of Usufruct will be encouraged as a means of

acquiring needed school sites. A sample absolute donation form is attached as Annex “A”,
and a Contract of Usufruct, as Annex “B”.B. CONSTRUCTION

6. Construction of School Building

a. Methods of Construction - are the building practices professionals use when creating
houses, offices and other buildings. The construction method a team of professionals decides
to use often depends on factors such as costs, the materials available, the expertise of the
construction team and the building's location.

1. Contract - means any construction contract for a school building. The contract should
include a warranty that the work will be performed with good workmanship and
compliant materials.

2. Negotiated Contract – A negotiated contract is one where a specific firm is targeted,

for a variety of reasons, to perform the contract, even though there is more than one
firm that can perform the contract. Under usual circumstances, a competitive tender or
proposal would be issued.
The concept of negotiation generally allows more flexibility for the client to select a
contractor on a basis other than the lowest bid. Negotiated contracts are generally
agreed between a contractor and client that have experience of working together and
have a relationship built on trust.

3. Local Administration - Clarify with local authorities the building permits.

b. Acceptance of Completed Building - means the date upon which the District’s Board,
based on its consultation with District staff, the Architect and the Inspector, formally
accepts Substantial Completion or Final Completion of the Project, whichever occurs first,
and authorizes the execution and recordation of a Notice of Completion for the Project.
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

F. Educational Facilities/ School Plant Management

d. Property Responsibilities - Educational facilities in the school shall be utilized

appropriately. The use of the ground and facilities of the school other than for the
school activities must be subject to the approval of the Schools Division/City Schools
Superintendent. Among other public activities and utilization of the school grounds and
facilities which may be permitted by the Schools Division Superintendent thru the
principal/head teacher.

All educational facilities procured/purchased by the Department or donated by

LGUs/NGOs and private individuals shall be considered property of the recipient
school. School Heads/Principals are responsible to the Schools Division/City Schools
Superintendent for the educational facilities issued to them. In same manner, the
Schools Division/City Schools Superintendents are likewise responsible to the
Regional Director.

Care/Preservation and Safeguarding of Educational Facilities

1. It is the duty of the school head/principal to enforce the rules on proper care of
educational facilities such as:

2. Provision of perimeter fence along boundaries of the school site with secured
entrance and exit gates.
3. Proper utilization of school buildings, including undertaking of minor repair and
maintenance work.
4. Cleanliness and orderliness of classrooms shall be maintained at all times.
5. Proper use of desks/armchairs and other classroom furniture shall be strictly
enforced by the teacher. Instructional tools/equipment and supplies such as
computers, books, magazines, periodicals, journals, bulletins and other
publications issued by the Department or procured from various sources shall
be displayed and kept in safe shelves/storage areas.

e. Property Accounting - It classifies and defines the specific items of information

about land, buildings, and equipment that need to be comparable among local school
systems and among States, and presents additional terminology essential to their
effective use. As such, it is concerned primarily with the elementary, secondary, and
community college levels of education. The items of information are called property
accounts. They have been developed for use on records forms to be kept by local
school districts or other units operating schools. Together with their standard
definitions, these property accounts form the basis for accurate recording, reporting
and interpreting of property information. Designed for use by all concerned with school
property, they provide the basis for maintaining essential information about school
property, and for making reports to agencies concerned and to the public. The
recommended accounts are adaptable to any school system regardless of size or
program. They are comprehensive in order to cover the great variety of conditions to
be found throughout the country. Yet, they are arranged so that any school system can
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COLLEGE OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH

easily select those that are applicable to the kinds and amount of property under its
jurisdiction and control. An index is included. Individual chapters contain footnotes.

1. Property Account Card (Form 100) – Detailed information on the Ownership

of an Asset/property. This card shall be used by the Supply and Property Unit
(SPU) to record the description, acquisition, transfer, disposal, and other
information about the PPE.

2. Property Vouchers - legal document upon which an authorized claimant

presents for payment itemized charges against the state. It is unlawful for the
state to issue a warrant except upon a voucher.

3. Property Inventories and Transfer - Report used whenever there is a

Transfer of Property from one (1) Accountable Officer to Another, or from one
(1) Agency to Another Agency