Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 80 views

    C Tokens

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Sharma
    Tokens are the basic building blocks of a C program and include keywords, identifiers, constants, string literals, operators, and punctuators. Keywords are pre-defined words that have special meaning, identifiers name variables and functions, constants represent fixed values, string literals are sequences of characters in double quotes, operators trigger actions on operands, and punctuators have special meanings like brackets and braces. Variables represent memory locations that can store different data types like integers or characters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    C Tokens

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Sharma
    80 views14 pages
    Tokens are the basic building blocks of a C program and include keywords, identifiers, constants, string literals, operators, and punctuators. Keywords are pre-defined words that have special meaning, identifiers name variables and functions, constants represent fixed values, string literals are sequences of characters in double quotes, operators trigger actions on operands, and punctuators have special meanings like brackets and braces. Variables represent memory locations that can store different data types like integers or characters.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Tokens are the basic building blocks of a C program and include keywords, identifiers, constants, string literals, operators, and punctuators. Keywords are pre-defined words that have special meaning, identifiers name variables and functions, constants represent fixed values, string literals are sequences of characters in double quotes, operators trigger actions on operands, and punctuators have special meanings like brackets and braces. Variables represent memory locations that can store different data types like integers or characters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    80 views14 pages

    C Tokens

    Uploaded by

    Saurabh Sharma
    Tokens are the basic building blocks of a C program and include keywords, identifiers, constants, string literals, operators, and punctuators. Keywords are pre-defined words that have special meaning, identifiers name variables and functions, constants represent fixed values, string literals are sequences of characters in double quotes, operators trigger actions on operands, and punctuators have special meanings like brackets and braces. Variables represent memory locations that can store different data types like integers or characters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    C Tokens(Keywords,

    Identifiers, Constants,
    Variables)
    Tokens in C

    In a paragraph of text document, individual words and punctuation


    marks are called tokens.

    Similarly, the smallest individual unit in a C program is known as a


    token or a lexical unit.

    Different tokens in C can be classified as below:


    • Keyword (e.g. int, for, if)
    • Identifier (e.g. main, a, sum)
    • Constant (e.g. 10, 3.14)
    • String-literal (e.g. “hello”, “Ahmad”)
    • Operator (e.g. +, /, *)
    • Punctuator (e.g. (), {}, ;)
    Keywords

    • Keywords are pre-defined words in a C compiler.

    • Each keyword convey special meaning and perform a specific


    function in a C program.

    • Since keywords are referred names for compiler, they can’t be used
    as variable name.
    There are following 32 keywords in C:

    auto double int struct


    break else long switch
    case enum register typedef
    char extern return union
    const float short unsigned
    continue for signed void
    default goto sizeof volaile
    do if static while
    Identifiers

    • General terminology used for the names of variables, functions


    and arrays.

    • These are user defined names consisting of arbitrarily long


    sequence of letters and digits.

    • Identifiers may either a letter or the underscore(_) as a first


    character.

    • For example, x is a name given to integer variable.


    Constants

    • Data items that remains same i.e. their value during do not
    changes during the program execution.

    • Several types of C constants that are allowed are; integer constant,


    real constant, character constant, string constant and others

    • For example,
    3
    -6.4
    String Literals

    • Sequence of characters enclosed within double quotes. For example,


    “hello” , “abc”.

    • Every sting constant is automatically terminated with a special


    character '\0' called the null character which represents the end of
    the string.

    • For example, “hello” will represent “hello\0” in the memory.

    • Thus, the size of the string is the total number of characters plus one for
    the null character.
    Operators

    • C operators are symbols that trigger an action and perform operation


    when applied to C variables and other objects.
    • The data items on which operators act upon are called operands.

    • Operators can be classified as follows:


    – Unary Operators: Those operators that require only single operand to
    act upon are known as unary operators.
    – Binary Operators: Those operators that require two operands to act
    upon are called binary operators.
    – Ternary Operators: These operators requires three operands to act
    upon.
    Punctuators

    • It has some special meaning . Thus, cannot be used for some other
    purpose [] () {} , ; : * … = # are examples of punctuators

    • Braces{}: These opening and ending curly braces marks the start and
    end of a block of code containing more than one executable statement.

    • Parentheses(): These special symbols are used to indicate function


    calls and function parameters.

    • Brackets[]: Opening and closing brackets are used as array element


    reference. These indicate single and multidimensional subscripts.
    Variables

    • An entity that may vary during program execution is called a


    variable

    • Variable names are names given to locations in memory

    • These locations can contain integer, real or character constants

    • For example, an integer variable can hold only an integer constant,


    a real variable can hold only a real constant and a character
    variable can hold only a character constant
    Rules for Constructing Variable Names
    • A variable name is any combination of alphabets, digits or underscores.

    • The first character in the variable name must be an alphabet or underscore.

    • No commas or blanks are allowed within a variable name.

    • No special symbol other than an underscore (as in gross_sal) can be used in a


    variable name.
    • Example:
    • si_int
    • m_hra
    • Valid identifiers
    • _abc
    • Rectangle_length
    • Delhi_24
    • A55

    • Invalid identifiers
    • 4_abc
    • 55Delhi
    • Thanks

    You might also like