TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES

FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE

Read these sentences carefully:
1. (a) The young people watch the IPL series in the stadium.
(b) The IPL series is watched by the young people in the stadium.
2. (a) the policeman has arrested the thief.
(b) The thief has been arrested by the policeman.
3. (a) My mother purchased a new car.
(b) A new car was purchased by my mother.
4. (a) The engineers will complete the project soon.
(b) The project will be completed by the engineers soon.
In the examples given above 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a, are ACTIVE VOICE and 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b are
passive voice.

How to Change ACTIVE VOICE into PASSIVE VOICE

We can change a sentence from Active into Passive only if the sentence has a TRANSITIVE
verb that is, a verb that takes an OBJECT after it.
Step 1 – The object of the verb becomes Subject.
Step 2 – The Subject becomes Object (Agent)
Step 3 – The main verb is changed into PAST PARTICIPLE. (The third form of the
verb) and an appropriate form of the helping verb according to Tense in the Active
Voice.
Step 5 – The Modals also change as Modals +Be + third form of the Verb.
Active Voice:
My mother purchased a new car.
Subject Verb Object
Passive Voice:
a new car by My mother
Subject was purchased Object (Agent)

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 Step 4 – The Pronoun in the SUBJECT changes its form in OBJECT form. For
example:
SUBJECT Position OBJECT Position
I Me
He Him
She Her
They Them
We Us

TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES

Transformation is a process of changing the form of a sentence without changing its

basic meaning. It enables a person to express the same thing in a different way without
affecting the meaning.

From Simple to Complex

1. By removing too and to
The man is too poor to pay his bills. (Simple sentence)
The man is so poor that he can not pay his bills. (complex sentence)
Shyam is too honest to cheat. (simple)
Shyam is so honest that he can not cheat. (complex sentence)
Points to remember:
1. too is replaced by so/such
2. Infinitive is changed into ‘that + Negative adverb clause of result.
Shyam is too honest to cheat

So + that + he cannot

Shyam is so honest that he cannot cheat.

By removing ENOUGH and TO
Look at the example given below:
He is tall enough to touch the fan.

So that he can
He is so tall that he can touch the fan.

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(iii) Transformation from comparative to superlative degree:
1. Babu is faster than any other boy in the class.
Babu is the fastest boy in the class.
2. Gold is more expensive than any other metal.
Gold is the most expensive metal.
Points to remember:
(a) Any other/no other is left out.
(b) The comparative form is changed into superlative form.
(c) ‘Than’ is removed, ‘the’ is added before superlative degree.
(iii) Transformation from Positive to Superlative.
1. No other poet is as great as Kalidas.
Kalidas is the greatest poet.
2. No other metal is as costly as gold.
Gold is the costliest metal.
• No other/any other is left out
• As ........................ as/ So ........................ as is changed into superlative degree of
adjectives.
(iv) Transformation of different types of statements.
(a) Interrogative to Assertive—
Does man live by water alone?
Man does not live by water alone.

Who can deny the fact?

No one can deny the fact.
• An affirmative question becomes a negative statement.

• A negative question becomes a positive statement.

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(ii) Affirmative to Negative (–)
As soon as the students saw the teacher, they rushed to their class.
No sooner did the students see the teacher, than they rushed to their class.
He is a fast runner.
He is not a slow runner.
• Affirmative word is removed.
• Opposite of the key word is used.
• Change in key words—
Affirmative Negative
A few Not many
As soon as No sooner – than
Always never
All none
Everybody nobody
Everyone none

(iii) Transformation of Statement to Exclamatory sentence :

It is a very pleasant weather. (statement)
What a pleasant weather it is ! (exclamatory)
It is nice of you to help me. (statement)
How nice of you to help me ! (exclamatory)
• ‘Very’ is left out in exclamatory sentences.
• ‘Full stop’ is replaced by mark of exclamation.
• ‘What/how’ is placed in the beginning of sentence. (What is used with a Noun, where
as ‘How’ is used with an Adjective.)
• The words of exclamation like ‘oh’, ‘Ah’, ‘Alas’, ‘hurry’, etc. are used to express the
emotions.
Transformation from simple to complex:
(ii) By expanding a word or a phase into a noun clause—
I heard the news of his arrival.
I heard that he had arrived.
The news of his death made everyone sad.

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 The news that he had died made everyone sad.
(iii) By expanding a word or phrase into an Adjective clause.
An honest man needs no evidence.
A man who is honest needs no evidence.
The lady in the red dress was very smart.
The lady who was in the red dress was very smart.

TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES

Direction: Transform the following sentences into Passive Voice.

Question 1.
We should not encourage indiscipline.
Answer: Indiscipline should not be encouraged by us.
Question 2.
We will not admit children under ten.
Answer: Children under ten will not be admitted by us.
Question 3.
We must listen to our teachers.
Answer: Our teachers must be listened to by us.
Question 4.
The Mother looked after the boy
Answer: The boy was looked after by the mother.
Question 5.
He taught me how to read Persian.
Answer: I was taught how to read Persian by him.

Direction: Transform the following sentences in Active voice.

Question 6.
She was sent an invitation by them.
Answer : They sent her an invitation.

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Question 7.
You will be served lunch on the plane by the cabin crew.
Answer: The cabin crew will serve lunch to you on the plane.
Question 8.
He was fined Rs. 1000 by the police, for reckless driving.
Answer: The police fined him Rs. 1000 for reckless driving.
Question 9.
You will be told your results next week by the school.
Answer: The school will tell you your result next week.
Question 10.
Rashi was scolded by the teacher for not completing her assignment
Answer: The teacher scolded Rashi for not completing her assignment.

Direction: Transform the following into Interrogative sentences.

Question 11.
He has been living in Meerut since 2006
Answer: Has he been living in Meerut since 2006?
Question 12.
Everyone knows Tendulkar.
Answer: Who does not know Tendulkar?

Directions: Convert the following into Complex sentences

Question 13
With your permission, I will go away.
Answer: If you permit me, I will go away.
Question 14.
The guilt of your brother is now clear.
Answer: That your brother is guilty is now clear.

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 Exercise for Practice (Unsolved)
Direction: Change the sentence into a Simple sentence.
Q1. If you work hard, you will succeed.
Answer : You will succeed if you work hard.
Q2. Everyone knows that the earth is round.
Answer: It is known to everyone that the Earth is round.
Q3. Correctly change into positive sentence?
Rajdhani Express is the fastest train.
Answer: There is no other train as fast as Rajdhani Express.
Or
No other train is as fast as Rajdhani Express.
Q4. Transform the given sentence by removing too.
This tea is too hot for me.
Answer: This tea is so hot that I cannot take it.
Q5. Transform the given sentence into compound:
Coming to me, Anita delivered the letter.
Answer : Anita came to me and delivered the Letter.
Q6. Transform the given sentence into complex.
Buy one shirt and get one free.
Answer : If you buy one shirt, you get one free

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 SOLVED EXERCISE REORDERING
Reorder the words or phrases given below to make meaningful sentences:
A1. is/fragrance/sandalwood/and/for/medicinal/properties/volued/its
(a) for its fragrance and medicinal properties sandalwood is valued.
(b) Sandalwood is valued for its fragrance and medicinal properties.
(c) Sandalwood is valued for its medicinal and fragrance properties.
(d) Its medicinal properties and fragrance for sandalwood is valued.

2. Sandalwood/world/most/cited/one/woods/the/as/often/is/of/expensive/in/the
(a) Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world.
(b) As in the world often one of the most cited expensive woods is sandalwood.
(c) As one of the most cited expensive woods in the world often is sandalwood.
(d) Sandalwood in the world is often cited as most one of the expensive wood.

B1. Hunting/one/boy/for/a/winter/went/morning
(a) One boy went for hunting a winter morning
(b) one winter morning a boy went for hunting.
(c) for hunting, one boy went a winter morning.
(d) A winter morning one boy for hunting went.
2. Snow/way/he/home/back/the/made/his/through
(a) He made his way back home through the snow.
(b) His way back home through the snow he made.
(c) Through the snow his way back home he made.
(d) Back home he made his way through the snow.
C1. Enthusiasm/celebrated/great/with/the/school/sports day/our.
(a) Our school celebrated with the great enthusiasm sports day.
(b) Our school celebrated the sports day with great enthusiasm.

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 (c) The sports day with great enthusiasm our school celebrated.
(d) The school celebrated with great enthusiasm our sport day.
2. Function/arrangement/the/for/advance/made/in/many/were/days.
(a) Arrangements for the function many days in advance were made.
(b) For the function arrangements were made many days in advance.
(c) Arrangement for the function were made many days in advance.
(d) Many days in advance arrangements for the function were made.
D1. Value/television/a/educative/in/to/addition/has/great/entertainment.
(a) In addition to entertainment television has a great educative value.
(b) A great educative value television has in addition to entertainment.
(c) Entertainment television has a great educative value in addition to.
(d) Television has a great entertainment value in addition to educative.
2. Effective/lessons/the/taught/prove/through/television/very.
(a) Very effective lessons prove very effective through the television.
(b) The lessons taught through television prove very effective.
(c) The lessons prove very effective taught through television.
(d) Through television the lessons taught prove very effective.
E1. The/on/forests/the/industry/oil/depends
(a) The forests industry depends on the oil.
(b) The oil depends on the forests industry.
(c) The forests depends on the oil industry
(d) The oil industry depends on the forests.
2. Do/get/the/forests/from/what/we/products?
(a) Do we get products what from the foests?
(b) What products do we get from the forests?
(c) Do the forests products what we get from?
(d) What do we products get from the forest?

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F1. Waste/incorrectly/consists/of/have been/litter/that/discarded/products.
(a) Litter consists of waste products that have been discarded incorrectly.

(b) Litter waste products that have been consists of discarded incorrectly.
(c) Waste products that have been consists of litter discarded incorrectly.
(d) Litter have been discarded incorrectly that consists of waste products.

2. Place/around/don't littering/filthy/by/make/the
(a) By littering around don't make the filthy place.
(b) The palace make filthy by don't littering around.

(c) The place don't' make filthy by littering around.

(d) Don't make the place filthy by littering around.
G1. the/sparrow/from/city/it/disappeared/house/has/seems/common/the/that.

(a) It seems that the sparrow has disappeared from the common city house.
(b) That the sparrow has disappeared from the city house it seems common.
(c) It seems that the common house sparrow has disappeared from the city

(d) It seems common that the city sparrow has disappeared from the house.
2. Factors/and/pollution/herbs/native/important/the/responsible/are/loss/shows/of/and
(a) The important factors responsible are pollution and loss of native herbs and shrubs.

(b) The important factors responsible are loss of pollution and native herbs and shrubs.
(c) Loss of pollution and native herbs and shrubs are the important factors responsible.
(d) The factors responsible are important pollution and loss of native herbs and shrubs.

H1. Has a/range/Hyde park/wide/of/facilities

(a) Wide facilities has a range of Hyde part.
(b) Hyde park has a range of wide facilities.

(c) Hyde park has a wide range of facilities.

(d) Wide Hyde park has a range of facilities.

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2. Lake/is/for/the/popular/boating/and swimming.
(a) The lake is popular for boating and swimming.
(b) Swimming and boating is popular for the lake.
(c) Boating is popular and swimming for the lake.
(d) Boating and swimming is popular for the lake.

ANSWERS

A. 1.(b) Sandalwood is valued for its fragrance and medicinal properties.

2. (a) Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world.
B. 1. (b) One winter morning, a boy went for hunting.
2. (a) He made his way back home through the snow.
C. 1. (b) Our school celebrated the sports day with great enthusiasm.
2. (c) Arrangements for the function were made many days in advance.
D. 1. (a) In addition to entertainment, television has a great educative value.
2. (b) The lessons taught through television prove very effective.
E. 1. (d) The oil industry depends on the forest.
2. (b) What products do we get from the forests?
F. 1. (a) Litter consist of waste products that have been discarded incorrectly.
2. (b) Don't make the place fiflthy by littering around.
G. 1. (c) It seems that the common house sparrow has disappeared from the city
2. (a) The important factors responsible are pollution and loss of native herbs and
shrubs.
H. 1. (c) Hyde park has a wide range of facilities.
2. (a) The lake is popular for boating and swimming.

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