Table of Contents

IELTS READING 2

Unit 1. Table Completion 2

Unit 2. Short-answer question 5

Unit 3. Multiple choice question 8

Unit 4. Matching headings 13

Unit 5. T/F/NG, Y/N/NG 15

IELTS WRITING 18

Unit 1. Writing task 1 (part 1) 18

Unit 2. Writing task 1 (part 2) 21

Unit 3. Writing task 1 (Part 3) 25

Unit 4. Writing task 2 (part 1) 29

Unit 5. Writing task 2 (part 2) 31

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 PRE FOUNDATION – KEY FOR TEXTBOOK
IELTS READING
Unit 1. Table Completion
II. Các bước làm bài

Bước 4: Điền từ đồng nghĩa và cách diễn giải khác cho những câu dưới đây

Câu Synonyms Paraphrase

1. expenses for books vary B. Prices B. Books are sold at different

greatly prices

2. Some courses require A. Facilities A. Some courses must be taught

specialized equipment with particular teaching
facilities

3. The risk of having a heart- B. Possibility A. The chance that heart-attack

attack might occur

4. to operate the drier, close A. Run A. Users need to close the door
the door and turn the timer and adjust the timer control
control to required time. in order to get the drier
started
5. Nuclear power plants require B. A great amount of A. Building nuclear power
a great deal of money to build. plants costs a great deal of
money

Bước 5: Chữa lỗi trong câu trả lời

Câu Đáp án

2 B => spent

3 C => extinction

4 A => were

5 A => advertisements

2
III. Mẹo làm bài

Check up 1:

1. 12-20 km;

2. 17 – 18 km;

3. 83%;

4. 93%

Check up 2:

1. Britain

2. Human Geography

3. Teacher

4. 1400 kilometers

5. Remote

6. Research trip

IV. Luyện tập

Exercise 1

1C 2C 3A 4C 5B 6B

Exercise 2

1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B

Exercise 3

1. cholesterol 2. stress 3. sugar 4. blood sugar 5. cocoa 6. caffeine

Exercise 4

1. finite resource

2. Methane

3. Rosy

4. Commercial outlets

3
5. new dawn

6. readily available

7. bright

V. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

B A B A B A A

Exercise 2

1. relaxed (câu đầu, đoạn 4)

2. money (câu 2, đoạn 1)
3. crime (câu 3, đoạn 1)
4. time (câu cuối, đoạn cuối)
5. strangers (câu cuối, đoạn cuối)
Exercise 3

1. words 5. Often

2. eyes 6. tired

3. information 7. concentrate

4. slow reader

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 Unit 2. Short-answer question
II. Các bước làm bài
Phân tích
Bước 2: Xác định key word
1. At what age can the child stop eating peanuts if it has consumed peanut snacks within the first 11
months of life?
2. Which is not one of the factor affecting a baby’s ability to speak?
3. What's the illness that 20,000 babies in the UK and US combined are diagnosed with each year?
4. When is the perfect time to get the baby exposed to language learning?

Bước 4: Tìm synonym/ paraphrase

Từ Đồng nghĩa Cách diễn đạt khác

1 Appreciate Venerate Express appreciation towards

2 Cold Frosty/Chilly Low temperature

Bước 5:
Câu hỏi Câu trả lời (1) (2)

1 Answer the question below using ONE word

only.
Psychological theories ✘ ✔
Which group of theories about humour
describe it as being good for us?

2 Answer each question below with just ONE

word.
Two ✔ ✔
How many different rules for the use of
hyphens did the study identify?

3 Answer each question below with NO MORE

THAN TWO words. French inventor Léon
✘ ✔
Bouly
Who invented the cinematograph?

4 Answer each question below using the words

from the text February 12, 1982 ✔ ✘
How the cinematograph was invented?

5
Check up 1 (Suggested answer)
1. They are older
2. Health definitions
3. Ability to cope

III. Mẹo làm bài

Áp dụng mẹo 1
1. His possible health problem
2. During the mother’s pregnancy
3. He needs medication
4. Nobody knows
Check up 2 (Suggested answer)
1. heroes 3. a map
2. World War I 4. the Assassins

IV. Luyện tập

Exercise 1.
Synonyms/ Paraphrasing

a. The summit/ The top (paragraph 1) Peak

b. To begin to disappear (2) To die out

c. The essentials/ the fundamentals (2) The basics

d. Consists of (3) Is made up of

e. Some evidence of (4) Traces of

f. Came from (5) Originated in

g. Was changed to suit different situation (5) Was adapted to

h. Depends on (5) Relies on

i. Not well-connected (5) disjointed

Exercise 2.
1 A Đầu đoạn 1

2 C Câu đầu Đoạn 2

Poorer people are more likely to eat 'unhealthy' foods, to smoke cigarettes and to be

6
 employed in repetitive, physically difficult work or the opposite: boring, inactive
employment

3 A Đoạn 2

4 B Đoạn 3

The culture - and media - of different societies promote very different valuations of
body shapes

5 A Câu gần cuối đoạn 3

In most societies the ideal body shape for a woman was a 'full figure' with a noticeable
belly, while in middle-aged men, a large stomach indicated that they were financially
successful in life

6 B Câu đầu đoạn 5

Sociologists, then, are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in
biological terms, but also in social terms

7 B Câu gần cuối đoạn 5

This has important implications for medicine and ideas of health. Thus, the idea of
people being 'obese' is physically related to large amounts of processed food, together
with lack of exercise

Exercise 3.
1. Parts of animals
2. (Their) Ivory tusks
3. Seal pups
4. The tuna fishermen

V. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1.
Suggested answers:
1. on 31 December
2. Parades, music and entertainment
3. Sydney and Melbourne
4. 1.5 million
5. largest and most impressive

Exercise 2.

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1 B. Home from Câu đầu đoạn 2
home
The building itself is easy to recognise and designed to be a 'home from
home', on the motorway or in the city.

2 C. Theme of Đoạn cuối đoạn 2

cleanliness
and the theme of cleanliness is repeated endlessly.

3 A. warmth and Dòng 3 đoạn 3

cosiness
it often has cottagey-style buildings for warmth and cosiness

4 A. Salad Câu gần cuối đoạn 3

Fast-food chains only responded by putting salad on the menu when there
was pressure in various countries from doctors and health ministers

5 C. Spread Câu 3 đoạn 4

commercials
Even those comparatively rare holiday times are turned to a profit because
the companies know that their favourite customers - families - are at home
together then, watching television, where carefully placed commercials will
spread the word

6 A. Research and Dòng 2 đoạn 5

money
The technology involved has meant spending huge sums on both research
and money

Exercise 3.
1. Apply pressure 5. The next day
2. Germs 6. Lying in bed
3. Apply a dressing 7. On the head
4. Children

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 Unit 3. Multiple choice question
II. Các bước làm bài

Phân tích bước 1 (Suggested Answer)

1. How do schools deal with students who experience difficulties?

2. What were the findings of the research in Scotland?
3. Which of the following would Godfrey probably agree?
4. According to the author, the attraction of reading for young people is:
Phân tích bước 3

C. is a less expensive answer to flooding than building river defences.

Check-up 1.

1 B. your location Dòng 2

Their order of importance will depend upon where you

happen to be

2 A. water Dòng 3

in polar regions shelter and fire will be the main concerns

3 B. People may Dòng 6-7

die quickly in
but exposure to wind, rain and cold can be fatal even in mild
the water of
climates and death comes in only minutes in the icy waters of
polar regions
the poles

4 D. closely Dòng 11

linked with The need for fire is closely linked.

shelter

III. Mẹo làm bài

Check-up 2.
1 B, C Dòng 3-5 đoạn A

Because the continent was separate from the rest of the world for a
very long time, many species evolved and developed that do not
exist in other countries or which are uncommon. Examples include

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 the kangaroo and the platypus

2 B Dòng 3 đoạn B

However, when Europeans came to Australia in the eighteenth

century

3 A, B Dòng 5 đoạn C

These include foxes and cats which have become a danger to small
native mammals and birds

4 B, C Đoạn C

These include foxes and cats which have become a danger to small
native mammals and birds. Rabbits… (trong các đáp án chỉ có 2 cái
này đúng)

5 A. develops slowly over a long period of time.

6 A. care about it

7 A. it is dangerous

8 B. it may not exist in future.

IV. Luyện tập

Exercise 1.
1 D. Entry to one in every 14 Câu gần cuối
British citizens genetic
By next year, the state will have access to the genetic data of
information
4.25m people: one British-based person in 14

2 C. In cool, dry places Câu gần cuối

Most types of evidence are kept in cool, dry rooms.

Câu hỏi hỏi về “condition” nên C là phù hợp nhất

3 C. It was symmetrically Câu 2

designed
It was built by King Edward I and is considered one of the most
beautiful Edwardian castles in Wales, probably because of its
symmetrical shapes

4 B. In the late Bronze Age Câu 2

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 The history of Castle Rock goes back all the way to the late Bronze
Age (900 BC)

5 D. Over 20 million people Câu 3

London receives around 20 million visitors each year, a large

proportion from overseas, who mingle with further millions of
people who travel into the city from a wide area to work in the
central area

Exercise 2.

1 2 3 4

campuses Western overseas global

5 A. a lot of Câu 1 đoạn A

Students today have many educational choices and some students are
leaving their country to study

6 B. with an interesting Câu cuối đoạn B

social life
They are looking for good universities with an interesting social life.

7 B. think Western- Câu cuối đoạn C

style education is bad
Some people think this is a bad thing because the students often leave
their home countries and go overseas to work

8 B. up-to-date ideas Câu 2 đoạn D

International students leave universities with up-to-date ideas and take

this knowledge back to their countries

9 A. of international Câu đầu đoạn E

education
International education is changing universities too.

Exercise 3.

1 D. solve problems in a Câu 1 đoạn B

factory
At a Brooklyn printing plant, fluctuations in heat and moisture
were causing the size of the printing paper to keep changing

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 slightly, making it hard to align different colours

2 A. too big and expensive. Câu 2 đoạn C

However, its size, similar to that of an early computer, meant it

took up too much space to come into widespread use, and later
models, such as the Weathermaker, which Carrier brought out in
the 1920s, cost too much for most people

3 C. did not want to spend Câu 2 đoạn D

money improving working
They considered that if they were paying people to work, they
conditions.
should not be paying for them to be comfortable as well

4 C. to persuade businesses to Câu 3 đoạn D

buy air conditioners
So in the 1940s and ’50s, the industry started putting out a
different message about its product: according to their research,
installing air conditioning increased productivity amongst
employees

5 D. It is good for people, but Câu 2 đoạn E

bad for the environment.
Jed Brown, an environmentalist, complains that air conditioning
is a factor in global warming

Exercise 4.

1 C. the highest mountain in Dòng 3-4 đoạn A

the Alps
to the south-east are the permanently white peaks of Mont
Blanc, which at 4,810 metres is the highest mountain in the Alps

2 D. in 1786 Dòng 2-3 đoạn B

Over 40 years later, in 1786, Mont Blanc’s summit was finally

reached by a French doctor and his guide,

3 B. 60,000 to 90,000 people Dòng 2-4 đoạn C

It receives up to 60,000 visitors at a time during the ski season,

and climbers, hikers and extreme-sports enthusiasts swarm
there in the summer in even greater numbers, swelling the
town’s population to 100,000… with fewer than 10,000
permanent inhabitants

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4 A. giving instructions about Dòng 3 + câu cuối đoạn D
litter
5 Tourists are warned not to drop rubbish
D. operating a web-based
An internet blog reports environmental news in the town, and
information service
the ‘green’ message is delivered

6 D. providing places for Câu cuối đoạn E

rubbish
7 Some are using low-energy lighting, restricting water use and
E. harnessing energy from making recycling bins available for guests; others have invested
the sun in huge projects such as furnishing and decorating using locally
sourced materials, using geothermal energy for heating and
installing solar panels.

8 B, C 4 dòng đầu đoạn F

9 If the valley’s visitors and residents want to know why they need
to reduce their environmental impact, they just have to look up;
the effects of climate change are there for everyone to see in
the melting glaciers that cling to the mountains. The fragility of
the Alpine environment has long been a concern among local
people

V. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1.

1 differentiate e distinguish

2 issue g problem

3 opinion a belief

4 concern i worry

5 important c essential

6 justify k explain

7 preserve l protect

8 attitude h view

9 influence b affect

10 effect n impact

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Exercise 2.

1 B. 120 Dòng 6 đoạn A

Some people even get to the age of 120!

2 A. In the mountains in Câu 2 & câu cuối đoạn A

Northern Pakistan
Hunza Valley is in the North of Pakistan

The region is located high up in the mountains

3 C. Although people gets old, Câu 2 đoạn B

they are in a good health
The truly extraordinary fact is that all studies of the Hunza show
condition
that the older people are fit, healthy and full of energy

4 A. Because fuel for cooking Câu 2 đoạn C

are not always ample
They don't have large amounts of fuel for cooking food and
there aren't many animals available for eating so they plant
what they can and gather the rest

5 B. Their positive attitude Câu 2 đoạn D

towards life
This is because they have a positive outlook

Exercise 3.

1 D. A female aged 45 Dòng 12 đoạn II

You are more likely to put on weight as you get older, especially
if you are a woman

2 D. The amount of energy in

your diet should be higher
than the energy your body-
machine burns up.

3 B. fibre Câu 4 đoạn V

In comparison with our ancestors, the sort of food we eat today

contains very little fibre.

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4 B. your body need vitamin Câu 5-7 đoạn III
pills as supplement.
A varied diet with plenty of fresh fruit, vegetables

and cereals along with some fish, eggs, meat and dairy products
will contain more than enough vitamins.

5 A. Informative

Unit 4. Matching headings

II. Các bước làm bài
Phân tích – Bước 2: Tìm câu chủ đề
Đoạn Câu chủ đề Giải thích
văn

1 A. Câu 1 Những câu sau đều đưa thêm thông tin về cuộc xung đột giữa 2 phe: nhà
máy thuốc lá (câu 2) và bên chống lại hút thuốc (câu 3)

2 C. Câu 7 Tất cả những câu phía trên đều là bằng chứng cho ý “increasingly doubtful
future of fossil fuel supplies” ở câu 7, và câu 7 cũng mang tính chất kết luận:
fuel from biological sources may have to become even more important

3 C. Câu 1 & 2 Câu 1 là câu dẫn cho câu 2, câu 2 mang ý chính của cả đoạn: anaesthetics
combine with critical proteins in the central nervous system and bring them
— and consciousness — grinding to a halt

4 B. Câu 2 Câu 1 mang tính chất chuyển tiếp để dẫn vào câu 2 là câu chủ đề

5 C. Không có Có rất nhiều chi tiết trong đoạn này. Thực chất ngụ ý của cả đoạn là mô tả
câu chủ đề vòng tuần hoàn của monarch butterflies

Phân tích – Bước 3: Tìm tiêu đề phù hợp

Đoạ Tiêu đề Giải thích
n
văn

1 A.Dangers of passive Câu chủ đề là câu 1: In January, the EPA released a long-awaited
smoking report on passive smoking. Những câu sau phana tích cụ thể tác hại
của passive smoking

2 A. Activists’ opinion Câu chủ đề là câu 1: Antismoking groups think the suit is a desperate.

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 on the lawsuit Activists = anti-smoking group; think = opinion, suit = lawsuit

Check-up 1.
A – heading 2 B – heading 6 C – heading 3 D – heading 4

IV. Luyện tập

Exercise 1.
1 A. Beaumaris: A castle of contrast

2 C. Edinburgh Castle and its many roles

3 B. Possible problems due to global warming

Exercise 2.
A–v B–x C – ix D – iii E – viii F–i

Exercise 3.
Task 1
1. Congestion B. situation when something is full or blocked, especially with traffic

2. Smog A. air pollution in a city that is a mixture of smoke, gases and chemicals

3. Developed D. describes a country with an advanced level of technology, industry, etc.

4. Developing C. describes a country or area of the world which is poorer and has less-advanced
industries

5. Commuter G. someone who travels regularly between work and home

6. Toll E. money that you pay to use a bridge, road, etc.

7. Rush hour H. the time when a lot of people are travelling to or from work and so roads and
trains are very busy

8. Off-peak F. not at the most popular and expensive time

Task 2
A- VII B – VI C – II D–I E–V

V. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1.

16
1 A. The disapperance of classical playground games

2 C. The danger of the playground

3 B. Possible explanations for the ban

4 B. The disappearance of traditional playground sports

Exercise 2.
1 G The reason for A company called the Viral Factory was making a 20- second film to
making a film promote my recently published book

2 H How viral marketing Viral Marketing ... probably dates back to 1996, when it was used to
started advertise a free email service. Every time a customer used the service,
the company's address was automatically included at the end

3 E How viral marketing Today, viral marketing is a lot more sophisticated

has changed

4 B It matters who sent But if a viral arrives in your email inbox from a friend, you'll be curious
it and click on it

5 C Getting the balance if the clip is too obviously designed to advertise a particular product,
right people won't pass it on. ... On the other hand, nobody will buy the
product if they don't know what it is

6 F The response to the traffic to my website increased dramatically

writer’s viral

Exercise 3.
Task 1
1. Drought C. a long period when there is no rain

2. Well F. a deep hole in the ground from which you can get water, oil or gas

3. Dam A. a strong wall built across a river to stop the water

4. Pump D. a piece of equipment which forces liquid or gas to move somewhere

5. Resevoi B. an artificial lake where water is stored before it goes to people's houses
r
6. Pipe E. a long tube which liquid or gas can move through

17
Task 2
A – vi B–v C – viii D–i E – iv F – iii

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 Unit 5. T/F/NG, Y/N/NG
II. Các bước làm bài
Phân tích bước làm bài – Bước 4
Từ khóa statement Đối chiếu Trả lời

ability deal with = processing

a lot of input material = large amounts of information
deal
Our ability has improved over time > < does NOT mean we
2 input material are better at it False
improved

over time

A number of pests a number of pests = many pests

are born = bear offspring
3 innate immunity True
with an innate immunity to some pesticides = with a built-
pesticides in resistance to pesticides

trees the trees from which quinine is derived = the drug

(quinine) is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree
quinine
grow in South America = native to South America
derived only: không tìm thấy trong passage Not
4
grow given

only

South America

Check-up 1.
1. True 2. True 3. False 4. Not given 5. Not given 6. True

III. Mẹo làm bài

Check up 2.
1. True (roaring trade)
2. False (the gadgetry = technology/ easy to buy = readily bought).
3. True
4. Not given (Không có thông tin về việc tăng hay giảm trước khi đạt trên 300 tỉ)
5. False (nhiều nhất là 1/3 là SPAM)
6. Not given

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IV. Luyện tập
Exercise 1.
1C 2A 3C 4B 5A 6B 7A

Exercise 2.
1 False 2. False 3. True 4. True 5. True 6. False

Exercise 3.
1 Not Có thể biết hoặc đoán là thông tin này đúng dựa vào suy nghĩ chủ quan, nhưng đoạn
Given text không đưa ra thông tin này nên Not Given

2 ✔ date back thousands of years to the time of ancient Egyptians

3 Not Edmond Locard có thể là tên tiếng Pháp và lập ra viện nghiên cứu tại Lyons pháp,
Given nhưng điều này không có nghĩa Edmond là người pháp; thông tin về nguồn gốc của
Edmond không được đề cập

4 ✔ Lyons in France

5 ✔ was first used in the 1980s

6 ✔ murderer Colin Pitchfork

Exercise 4.
1 T

2 T

3 NG Không có thông tin về các loại souvenirs

4 F Mục đích là kiếm tiền qua moving cargo

5 T

6 F

7 NG

V. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1.
1 True The Scenes of Crime Officers (SOCOs)

20
2 Not given

3 Not given

4 Not given

5 False SOCOs are called to crime scenes at any time of the day or night

6 Not given

7 True Many SOCOs now use photographic and surveying techniques

8 Not given Many SOCOs now use photographic and surveying techniques to produce
virtual reconstructions

9 True … that help with their recording and investigation of the crime

Exercise 2.
1 False 2 False 3 True 4 False 5 True
Exercise 3.
1 True An ancient language of whistles that enabled long-distance communication long before
the invention of the mobile phone

2 True With the opening of the island to tourism and the arrival of the telephone, Silbo
Gomero had started to die out

3 NG

4 False About 3,000 students spend 25 minutes a week learning it

5 True The language is made up of four vowels and four consonants

6 NG

7 True An important step towards saving the language was the First International Congress of
Whistled Languages

8 True Silbo-like whistling has been found in parts of Greece, Turkey, China and Mexico, but
none is as developed as Silbo Gomero

9 False Research will now be carried out in Venezuela, Cuba, Texas and any other places to
which Gomerans have traditionally emigrated and where traces of the language still
survive.

10 False Silbo chỉ sử dụng speech patterns và grammar của Spanish, là 1 ngôn ngữ tách biệt so

21
 với Spanish, chứ ko phải là 1 biến thể của ngôn ngữ này

11 False If we spoke English, we'd use an English structure for whistling

12 False 'Silbo Gomero is the most important pre-Hispanic …,' says Moises Plasencia, Director
of the Canary Islands’ Historical Heritage department

13 NG

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 IELTS WRITING
Unit 1. Writing task 1 (part 1)
III. Luyện tập

Exercise 1.

AB: Remain unchanged

BF: Fluctuated

F: Reached a peak

FG: Decreased substantially

GH: Rose slowly

HI: Increased dramatically

IJ: Fell significantly

J: Hit the lowest point

JK: Rose slightly

KL: Declined gradually

Exercise 2.

a.

AB: Remained stable/ stabilized….. (không đổi)

BC: Rose/ Increased gradually (tăng chậm)

D: Hit the lowest point/ Hit a low (chạm điểm thấp nhất)

b.

AB: Increased/ rose noticeably/ remarkably…….. (tăng nhiều)

BE: fluctuated

EF: Remained stable/ unchanged, stabilized….. (Không đổi)

c.

AB: Increased/ rose noticeably/ remarkably…….. (tăng nhiều)

BC: Remained stable/ unchanged, stabilized….. (Không đổi)

CD: Declined/ Decreased/ went down steadily/ gradually…..(Giảm ít)

23
d.

AB: Declined/ Decreased/ went down dramatically/ significantly…..(Giảm nhiều)

BC: Remained stable/ unchanged, stabilized….. (Không đổi)

E: Reached a peak/ Hit the highest point (Đạt điểm cao nhất)

Exercise 3.

1. to increase, to rise, to go up

2. to fall, to decrease, to go down, to drop

3. to remain stable, to stay the same

4. to fluctuate

Exercise 4. Gợi ý đáp án (HV có thể viết theo các cách khác theo cấu trúc đã học)

1. There was a significant drop to 20% in the number of people watching films on TV in 2015

2. A quick rise of 10% was seen in the percentage of privately rented homes in 2010.

3. The average length of the advertisements increased moderately by 30 seconds in 2009

4. The amount of salt exported rose steadily by $2 million in 2017

5. A gradual decrease was seen in the price of computers over the period

6. The year 2014 saw an upward trend in the number of visitors to Hanoi.

7. The number of students experienced a stability through the period

8. The sales of history books declined sharply by 20% in 2017

9. The quality of food in supermarkets slightly grew in 2009

10. The percentage of smokers decreased remarkably by 355 during the period between 1990 and 2000

11. The percentage of heaters in households increased by 30% in 1979

12. A noticeable decline was seen in the number of engineering degrees in 2014

13. There was a significant rise to approximately 40 servings per day of iced coffee sales in December

14. The number of cell phones subscribers dropped slightly to 2,250 from 2005 to 2010

15. The year 2005 saw a gradual growth in the house price in Hanoi

Exercise 5.

24
1. rose (hoặc climbed)

2. increase (hoặc rise)

3. rise (hoặc increase)

4. 1200

5. climbed (hoặc rose)

Exercise 6.

1. 25%

2. declined

3. 10%

4. rose

IV. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1. Gợi ý đáp án (HV có thể viết theo cách khác dựa vào cấu trúc đã học)

1. A rapid increase to 10,000 was seen in the number of visitors to the castle during the 1980s and 1990s

2. There was a gradual growth to 30% in the percentage of people visiting the castle in 2010.

3. The year 1985 saw a fluctuation in the proportion of tourists visiting the festival.

4. There was a sharp increase of 20% in the percentage of visitors to the zoo in 2010.

5. A steady fall was seen in the percentage of Americans following vegetarian diet in 1999.

6. The amount of Government investment in Health Care system grew significantly in 2000.

7. The population growth rate slowly rose by 2.5% in 1950.

8. The unemployment rate dropped quickly in 1990.

9. There was a moderate growth of 20% in the number of buses in 2006.

10. The number of visitors to the website experienced an upward trend over the period.

Exercise 2.

1. rapid increase/ sharp rise/ rapid rise

2. fluctuated

25
3. sharp drop/sharp fall/ sharp decrease/ rapid drop/ rapid fall/ rapid decrease

4. rose sharply/ rose rapidly/ increased sharply/ increased rapidly

Exercise 3.

1. dropped/ declined/ decreased…..(Giảm)

2. dropped/ declined/ decreased…..(Giảm)

3. will stay unchanged/ will remain unchanged/ will remain stable….(Không đổi)

Exercise 4.

1. fluctuated

2. decreased gradually/ went down steadily…. (giảm ít)

3. rose noticeably/ increased remarkably….(tăng nhiều)

4. decline/ decrease

5. remained stable/ unchanged….(không đổi)

6. rose/ increased/ went up…..(tăng)

26
 Unit 2. Writing task 1 (part 2)
III. Luyện tập
Exercise 1. Gợi ý đáp án
1. The number of graduates in 2010 was 10,000, 1.2 times less than that in 2012

2. The number of English learners, which stood at 5,000, was 2 times as high as that of Korean learners
in 2017

3. Standing at 15%, the unemployment rate in China was 1.2 times as high as that in Vietnam in 2016

4. At 20%, the population growth rate in China was 2 times as high as that in Vietnam in 2014

5. The amount of electricity produced by coal was 10,000 units while the figure for renewable stood at
5,000 in 1990

6. The divorce rate in Finland, which stood at 38%, was around 1.13 times less than that in Sweden.

7. At 2 million, the number of visitors to Lisbon was 2 times as high as that to Paris in 2011.

8. Standing at 60%, the percentage of private cars users was 3 times as high as that of public transport
users

9. The amount of investment in Healthcare System was $2 million, 2 times as high as that in Education in
2010.

10. The percentage of males doing house chores in the US, which was 20%, was 2 times as high as that in
Vietnam in 2010.

Exercise 2.

1. higher 6. higher

2. highest 7. as many as

3. lower 8. as many as

4. lowest 9. lower than

5. entertainment complexes 10. higher than

Exercise 3.

1.

Đối tượng: annual GDP growth rate (in 3 countries)

Đơn vị: %

27
Thời gian: 2007 – 2010 => Chia quá khứ

2.

Đối tượng: the number of Asian elephants

Đơn vị: con

Thời gian: 1997 – 2004 => Chia quá khứ

3.

Đối tượng: Number of road accidents

Đơn vị: million

Thời gian: 1983 – 1995

4.

Đối tượng: Percentage of tourists (visiting 4 attractions in Scotland)

Đơn vị: %

Thời gian: 1980 – 2010 => Chia quá khứ

5.

Đối tượng: number of children per household

Đơn vị: người

Thời gian: 2008 => Chia quá khứ

6.

Đối tượng: The amount of energy produced by different sources

Đơn vị: %

Thời gian: 1995 và 2005 => Chia quá khứ

7.

Đối tượng: The average IELTS band score for students (from 4 different countries)

Đơn vị: Điểm

Thời gian: 2009 => Chia quá khứ

8.

28
Đối tượng: Percentage of expenditure spent by people on different items (in 4 countries)

Đơn vị: %

Thời gian: 2008 => Chia quá khứ

Exercise 4.

1. F 4. F 7. F

2. F 5. T 8. F

3. T 6. F 9. T

IV. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1.
1.

Đối tượng: The amount of average monthly rainfall (in 2 cities)

Đơn vị: inches

Thời gian: 12 tháng trong năm => quá khứ

2.

Đối tượng: the average daily sales of different food items

Đơn vị: số lượng bán ra

Thời gian: 2 mua đông và hè => quá khứ

3.

Đối tượng: Percentage of time spent on different types of Internet activity (by age group)

Đơn vị: %

Thời gian: 2010 => quá khứ

4.

Đối tượng: number of students at 4 local primary schools

Đơn vị: người

Thời gian: 2008 => quá khứ

5.

Đối tượng: the amount of wheat exported

29
Đơn vị: millions of tones

Thời gian: 1985 – 1990 => quá khứ

Exercise 2.
Dover

1. the highest 3. lower than

2. the lowest 4. higher than

Troy

1. summer 4. higher than

2. as many as 5. the highest

3. higher than

Exercise 3. Đáp án gợi ý

1. The percentage of vegetables produced in Eastern region, which stood at 20%, was 4 times as high as
that in Western region

2. The percentage of dairy products made in Eastern region was 30%, 2 times as high as that in Western
region

3. At 45%, the percentage of grain produced in Western region was 3 times as high as that in Eastern
region

4. The percentage of meat produced in Eastern region was as much as that in Western region.

30
 Unit 3. Writing task 1 (part 3)
III. Luyện tập

Exercise 1. Gợi ý đáp án

1. The given bar chart illustrates the proportion of people using the Internet in three nations namely
Vietnam, America and Austria between 2000 and 2010.

2. The graph below gives the information about how many Asian elephants there were over the period
of 5 years from 2010.

3. The given graph illustrates how many visitors coming to Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh city in summer in
2015

4. The given line graph illustrates how many single-family homes which were constructed in different
regions in America from 1950 to 2000

5. The given table gives the information about how many weekly hours were spent on computer games
by youngsters

6. The given pie charts illustrate the amount of electricity produced by different sources in New Zealand
from 1980 to 2010

7. The line graph below indicates how much money consumers spent on five different items in 2002

8. The given graph gives information about the amount of Dubai gold sold in 2003

9. The graph illustrates the figure for how many Vietnamese students learnt in Portugal, Korea and
Japan from 2010 to 2017

10. The line graph below illustrates the proportion of people visiting the website between 2000 and
2005

11. The given graph illustrates how much Vietnamese government spent on Healthcare system from
1980 to 2000

12. The pie chart illustrates the amount of money households spent on housing, transport, food and
healthcare in Vietnam and Cambodia in 2015

13. The graph below illustrates how much food was consumed in 2 countries namely Vietnam and
France from 2008 to 2014

14. The graph below gives the information about the proportion of people owning mobile phones in
Vietnam in 3 different years which were 2000, 2005 and 2010

31
15. The table illustrates the amount of water used domestically by 5 different nations namely the UK,
Portugal, Vietnam, Japan and Austria between 2000 and 2010.

Exercise 2. Gợi ý đáp án

1.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: Fish and Chips giảm, Pizza + Hamburger tăng

🡪 It is clear that while the number of times eaten of Fish and chips decreased, the opposite was true for
pizza and hamburger over the period

2.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: Tunisia và Ecuador giảm, Japan tăng

🡪 It is clear that the GDP growth rate of Japan experienced a significant growth, while the opposite was
seen in that of Tunisia and Ecuador

3.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: Cả 2 đường đều giảm

🡪 Overall, it is obvious that the birth rates in both China and the USA witnessed a downward trend over
the period of 80 years.

4.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: Số nhà được xây mới ở cả 5 vùng đều giảm

Đặc điểm về độ lớn: số nhà xây ở phía bắc là lớn nhất trong cả quá trình

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the number of single – family homes constructed in 5 different areas declined
over the period. Also, the number of homes built in the South was the highest from 2006 to 2012.

5.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: Số học sinh học trường Riverside giảm, số học sinh học trường Litchfiled tăng

Đặc điểm về độ lớn: trường Litchfiled luôn có số học sinh đông hơn

🡪 Overall, it is obvious that the number of students enrolling in Litchfield School experienced an upward
trend while the opposite was true for that in Riverside School from 2011 to 2015. Also, there were more
students who enrolled in Litchfield School than in Riverside school over the period.

Exercise 3. Gợi ý đáp án

32
1.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: Số người đến Dover vào mùa đông
● Giá trị nhỏ nhất: số người đến Troy vào mùa xuân và mùa đông
● Chênh lệch nhiều nhất: Số lượng người đến Troy và Dover trong mùa đông

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the highest number of tourists was seen in Dover in winter while the opposite
was true for Troy, which had the lowest number of visitors in both spring and winter. Also, the biggest
difference was in the number of people visiting Troy and Dover in winter.

2.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: Hot coffee in winter

● Giá trị thấp nhất: Iced coffee in winter
● Chênh lệch nhiều nhất: hot coffee in summer and winter

🡪 Overall, it is obvious that hot coffee was the most popular choice in both two seasons while the
opposite was true for iced coffee. In addition, the biggest difference was in the number of hot coffee
servings sold daily in summer and winter.

3.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: married women doing gardening

● Giá trị nhỏ nhất: married men doing childcare
● Chênh lệch lớn nhất: số lượng men and women do gardening

🡪 It is clear that the highest figure was seen in the number of average weekly hours that married women
spent on doing gardening, while the opposite was true for that of men spent on doing childcare. Also,
the biggest difference was seen in the amount of time married men and women doing gardening.

4.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: số lượng học sinh sinh vào tháng 6
● Giá trị thấp nhât: số lượng học sinh sinh vào tháng 8

🡪 Overall, it is clear that while most students were born in June, the opposite was true for that in August.

IV. Bài tập về nhà

Exercise 1. Gợi ý đáp án

1. The given chart illustrates how much money was spent on hamburgers, fish and chips, pizza weekly in
Britain.

2. The given chart illustrates how much leisure time male and female workers enjoyed in 2010.

3. The chart gives the information about how many Japanese travelers visited other countries from 1985
to 1998.

33
4. The table illustrates the percentage of different kinds of poor families in Australia in 1999.

5. The graphs illustrates how much electricity was demanded in England during specific days in winter
and summer

6. The pie chart illustrates how much electricity was consumed in an average English house in 2012.

7. The given chart illustrates how many people had post – school qualifications in Australia between
2010 and 2015.

Exercise 2.

1.

● Đặc điểm về xu hướng: US tăng, Japan giảm

● Đặc điểm về độ lớn: đường US ở trên hầu hết quá trình

🡪 Overall, it is obvious that the unemployment rate in US experienced a downward trend, while the
opposite was true for that in Japan over the period. Also, more people were unemployed in the US than
in Japan.

2.

Đặc điểm về xu hướng: 2 đường đều tăng

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the figure for both male and female experienced an upward trend over the
period.

3.

● Đặc điểm về xu hướng: xu hướng tăng

● Đặc điểm về độ lớn: năm 95 có số liệu cao nhất

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the number of Japanese travelers to other nations saw a significant increase in
the period of 10 years. In addition, it was in 1995 that the figure was the highest.

Exercise 3.

1.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: female in South Asia

● Giá trị nhỏ nhất: Male in developed countries

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the illiteracy rate of females in South Asia was the highest, while the opposite
was true for that of males in developed countries.

2.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: boys ở football

34
● Giá trị nhỏ nhất: girls ở hockey
● Chênh lệch lớn nhất: boys và girls ở football

🡪 It is obvious that football was the most popular sports among boys while it was hockey that was the
less attractive for girls. Also, the biggest difference was seen in the number of boys and girls playing
football.

3.

● Giá trị lớn nhất: unemployment ở Poland

● Giá trị nhỏ nhất: unemployment in Denmark

🡪 Overall, it is clear that the highest percentage of unemployment among youngsters was seen in
Poland, while the opposite was true for that in Denmark.

35
 Unit 4. Writing task 2 (part 1)
II. Văn phong sử dụng trong IELTS Writing task 2

Check-up 1. Sử dụng formal word để thay thế informal word

1. Children cannot choose what they should eat so parents must choose for their offsprings.
2. Senior citizens still play an important role in modern society.
3. These reasons are not sufficient to ban alcoholic drinks.
4. Tourism can cause several problems for a country.
5. Companies that wish to import cigarettes must obtain a permit in advance.

III. Cách thành lập đoạn văn

Check-up 2. Triển khai ý cho những câu sau bằng Tiếng Việt

1. Việc đi du học đang trở nên ngày càng phổ biến vì cơ sở vật chất mà các trường nước ngoài cung cấp
cho học sinh.

Example: Ví dụ, Đại học Oxford có thư viện chứa những cuốn sách mới nhất ở Anh và mở 24//7 cho việc
học của học viên.

Contrast: Trong khi đó đại học ở Việt Nam thư viện thường chỉ có những tài liệu cũ với những số liệu
không được cập nhật.

2. Lý do số́ 2 đằng sau sự phổ biến của việc du học là cơ hội tiếp cận với một nền văn hóa mới.

Reason: Vì các bạn sinh viên phải đến một đất nước mới không quen thuộc với họ, phải tập làm quen và
thích nghi với các phong tục tập quán tại đó.

Example: Khi du học sinh đến Ấn Độ để du học thì phải tôn trọng các tín ngưỡng: không ăn thịt lợn, tôn
trọng các vị thần của họ.

Consequence: Sinh viên được mở mang tầm mắt, mở rộng mạng lưới quen biết của mình và học cách
tôn trọng sự khác biệt văn hóa.

Check-up 3

1. It is due to the rural-urban migration, which makes the job market highly competitive.
2. For instance, some middle-aged staff may be unfamiliar with file-sharing tool such as Google Drive.
3. As a result, companies may earn more money thanks to a larger customer base.

36
4. By contrast, books at public libraries have gone through a strict selection process, in which only
books of high quality are chosen.

IV. Luyện tập

1. Studying abroad can put students under a financial pressure. This is because they have to pay for
only tuition but also living expenses. As a result, a large number of students have to find part-time
jobs to cover those expenses, which, in the long term, may distract them from their studies.
2. International students are faced with other daily life pressures. This is because have to do
everything on their own without support from friends and family. For example, they have to do the
housework, take care of themselves even when they are sick. This may lead to mental distress and
eventually their studies might suffer.
3. However, studying abroad may offer students with windows of job opportunities. This is because
degrees from prestigious universities are often favored by employers in the home country. As a
result, graduates from these institutions have a better chance of landing a high-paid job in the
future.

V. Bài tập về nhà

One advantage of digital libraries is its convenience. As everything users need, ranging from articles on a
particular topic to past essays, is readily available online, they can access to information easily regardless
of time. This is apparently much more convenient than traditional libraries, which usually have fixed
opening and closing time.

Secondly, online libraries do not occupy much space. As a result, if they replace traditional libraries, a
great deal of space can be saved to construct important places such as hospital and schools.

One of the most obvious issues of digital libraries is the reliability. Online information on several sites
could be edited easily and thus people may be exposed to misleading materials. By contrast, books at
public libraries tend to be more reliable because they have gone through a strict selection process, in
which only books of high quality are chosen

Another disadvantage is that this type of libraries may be. Modern devices and Internet access are
usually beyond the financial reach of people who live in remote areas, and as a result they cannot look
for information online.

37
 Unit 5. Writing task 2 (part 2)
I. Lý thuyết chung

a. Cách viết câu background information

Check-up

1. Some people think that big businesses and industries would benefit more if they relocate to suburban
areas.

2. Nowadays, care homes or nursing homes for elderly people are popular because their families are
unable to take care of them.

b. Phương pháp sử dụng template

1. Thanks to the development of innovative technologies, especially the internet, many students now
can obtain verified qualifications through distance learning programs without having to be present in
the traditional classroom

2. Many people think that it would be beneficial for young children to acquire a new language at an
early age.

3. People have different views about whether it would be more advantageous to live in a house or in an
apartment

4. In recent years, it is true that families are losing their habit of eating together.

II. Dạng bài

3. Causes and solutions

Ngôn ngữ cause

Check up

Opportunities of job promotion are the reasons why many young people work overtime.

Lack of physical exercise is a cause of obesity.

Ngôn ngữ effect

Check up

Watching TV too much can have negative effects on children’s mental health.

Advertisements have great influence on consumers

Ngôn ngữ Solution

38
Check up

Another measure to stimulate tourism is that the countries should organize a variety of international
sport activities.

The government should encourage citizens to use mass transit at the aim of reducing air pollution in
urban areas.

III. Luyện tập

Exercise: Translate into English

Everyone has a different vision of an ideal accommodation.

In individual, living in a house has more advantages.

2.

Technology plays an important role in society these days.

From my point of view, there will be more advantages when using public libraries instead of electronic
ones.

However, the disadvantages will be much greater.

3.

It is the fact that crime rate in most countries is often higher in urban areas than in rural areas.

I believe that there are several reasons as well as some solutions would be implemented to reduce the
rate.

39