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    Risk Factors

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    Hydie Mae Alcabedos
    Predisposing factors for COPD include age over 40, male sex, and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency which is a condition that raises the risk of lung disease by reducing a protective protein in the liver. Allergies and childhood asthma can also predispose individuals as the resulting lung inflammation can worsen COPD symptoms or increase COPD risk if left untreated. Precipitating factors are things that can trigger or exacerbate COPD including bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies, cigarette smoking, occupational exposures to dusts and chemicals, air pollution, low socioeconomic status, and infections such as HIV and tuberculosis.

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    Risk Factors

    Uploaded by

    Hydie Mae Alcabedos
    10 views1 page
    Predisposing factors for COPD include age over 40, male sex, and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency which is a condition that raises the risk of lung disease by reducing a protective protein in the liver. Allergies and childhood asthma can also predispose individuals as the resulting lung inflammation can worsen COPD symptoms or increase COPD risk if left untreated. Precipitating factors are things that can trigger or exacerbate COPD including bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies, cigarette smoking, occupational exposures to dusts and chemicals, air pollution, low socioeconomic status, and infections such as HIV and tuberculosis.

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    Risk-Factors

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    Predisposing factors for COPD include age over 40, male sex, and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency which is a condition that raises the risk of lung disease by reducing a protective protein in the liver. Allergies and childhood asthma can also predispose individuals as the resulting lung inflammation can worsen COPD symptoms or increase COPD risk if left untreated. Precipitating factors are things that can trigger or exacerbate COPD including bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies, cigarette smoking, occupational exposures to dusts and chemicals, air pollution, low socioeconomic status, and infections such as HIV and tuberculosis.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    10 views1 page

    Risk Factors

    Uploaded by

    Hydie Mae Alcabedos
    Predisposing factors for COPD include age over 40, male sex, and alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency which is a condition that raises the risk of lung disease by reducing a protective protein in the liver. Allergies and childhood asthma can also predispose individuals as the resulting lung inflammation can worsen COPD symptoms or increase COPD risk if left untreated. Precipitating factors are things that can trigger or exacerbate COPD including bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature babies, cigarette smoking, occupational exposures to dusts and chemicals, air pollution, low socioeconomic status, and infections such as HIV and tuberculosis.

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    Predisposing Factors

    Age (>40 years old)


    Sex (Male)
    Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency (AATD). Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a
    condition that raises your risk for lung and other diseases. AAT is a protein made in the
    liver to help protect the lungs. If the body does not make enough AAT, the lungs are more
    easily damaged from smoking, pollution, or dust from the environment. This can lead to
    COPD. AAT deficiency runs in families. Many people do not know that they have it, but
    early diagnosis can help prevent COPD and other serious lung diseases.

    Allergies. Allergies can cause inflammation in the lungs. This inflammation can
    result in coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and other symptoms. Allergies and
    exposure to environmental pollutants can make COPD symptoms worse.

    Childhood Asthma. Asthma triggers often include allergens such as pollen, dust
    mites, cockroaches, molds, and animal dander. Allergens can make COPD symptoms
    worse. And if left untreated, allergies and asthma can increase the chances of COPD in
    certain individuals. While many children outgrow the symptoms of asthma, lasting
    damage to their lung function could be an early marker of later respiratory diseases such
    as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD).

    Precipitating Factors
    Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Babies aren't born with the condition. It
    happens when a baby has been on oxygen or on a breathing machine for a long time.
    This can damage the lungs, causing inflammation (swelling and irritation) and scarring.
    As a result, the lungs do not develop as they should. It’s more common in premature
    babies.
    Cigarette smoking/ Exposure to second hand smoke.
    Occupational Exposures (dusts, fumes, silica and chemicals). Chronic
    obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by exposure to noxious particles and
    gases. Occupational exposure to vapours, gases, dusts and fumes contributes to the
    development and progression of COPD, accounting for a population attributable fraction
    of 14%. The lungs react to irritating substances by developing inflammation that makes
    the airways narrow from muscle tightness, swelling, and mucus. These changes in the
    airways cause exacerbations of the COPD.
    Air pollution (biomass fuel/ coal)
    Socioeconomic status.
    Infectious (HIV/ TB).

    Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency | NHLBI, NIH. (2022, March 24). NHLBI, NIH.
    https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/alpha-1-antitrypsin-deficiency#:~:text=Alpha
    %2D1%20antitrypsin%20(AAT),This%20can%20lead%20to%20COPD.

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