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    C++ Lec2-Comments & Variables

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    Rasty
    C++ comments are used to explain code and make it more readable. Single-line comments begin with // and extend to the end of the line. Multi-line comments begin with /* and end with */. Variables store data values in C++. Variables must be declared with a type like int, double, char, string, or bool. Variable names follow rules like starting with a letter and not using reserved words. Variables are declared with a type and assigned a value using syntax like type variable = value.

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    C++ Lec2-Comments & Variables

    Uploaded by

    Rasty
    15 views6 pages
    C++ comments are used to explain code and make it more readable. Single-line comments begin with // and extend to the end of the line. Multi-line comments begin with /* and end with */. Variables store data values in C++. Variables must be declared with a type like int, double, char, string, or bool. Variable names follow rules like starting with a letter and not using reserved words. Variables are declared with a type and assigned a value using syntax like type variable = value.

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    erbil polytechnic institute lecture 2

    Original Title

    C++ Lec2-Comments & Variables (1)

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    C++ comments are used to explain code and make it more readable. Single-line comments begin with // and extend to the end of the line. Multi-line comments begin with /* and end with */. Variables store data values in C++. Variables must be declared with a type like int, double, char, string, or bool. Variable names follow rules like starting with a letter and not using reserved words. Variables are declared with a type and assigned a value using syntax like type variable = value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    15 views6 pages

    C++ Lec2-Comments & Variables

    Uploaded by

    Rasty
    C++ comments are used to explain code and make it more readable. Single-line comments begin with // and extend to the end of the line. Multi-line comments begin with /* and end with */. Variables store data values in C++. Variables must be declared with a type like int, double, char, string, or bool. Variable names follow rules like starting with a letter and not using reserved words. Variables are declared with a type and assigned a value using syntax like type variable = value.

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    1

    C++ Comments

    Comments can be used to explain C++ code, and to make it more readable. It can also be used to
    prevent execution when testing alternative code. Comments can be singled-lined or multi-lined.

    Single-line comments start with two forward slashes (//).

    Any text between // and the end of the line is ignored by the compiler (will not be executed).

    This example uses a single-line comment before a line of code:

    Example

    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main() {
    // This is a comment
    cout << "Hello World!";
    return 0;
    }

    This example uses a single-line comment at the end of a line of code:

    Example

    #include <iostream>
    using namespace std;
    int main() {
    cout << "Hello World!"; // This is a comment
    return 0;
    }

    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical


    2

    C++ Multi-line Comments

    Multi-line comments start with /* and ends with */. Any text between /* and */ will be ignored
    by the compiler:

    Example

    #include <iostream>
    Single or multi-line comments?
    using namespace std;

    int main() { It is up to you which you want to


    use. Normally, we use // for short
    /* The code below will print the words Hello World!
    comments, and /* */ for longer.
    to the screen, and it is amazing */

    cout << "Hello World!";

    return 0; }

    C++ Variables

    Variables are containers for storing data values.

    In C++, there are different types of variables (defined with different keywords), for example:

    int - stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123

    double - stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99

    char - stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'. Char values are surrounded by single quotes

    string - stores text, such as "Hello World". String values are surrounded by double quotes

    bool - stores values with two states: true or false

    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical


    3

    The general rules for constructing names for variables (unique identifiers) are:

     Names(Variables) can contain letters, digits and underscores.


     Names must begin with a letter or an underscore (_).
     A variable name can only have alphabets, numbers, and the underscore _.
     Names are case sensitive (myVar and myvar are different variables).
     Names cannot contain whitespaces or special characters like !, #, %, etc or Arithmatic
    Operaters (+,-,*,/).
     Variable names must not begin with numbers.
     Reserved words (like C++ keywords, such as int) cannot be used as names

    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical


    4

    Declaring (Creating) Variables

    To create a variable, you must specify the type and assign it a value:

    Syntax

    type variable = value;

    Where type is one of C++ types (such as int), and variable is the name of the variable (such as x
    or myName). The equal sign is used to assign values to the variable.

    To create a variable that should store a number, look at the following example:

    Example

    Create a variable called Num of type int and assign it the value 15:

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main() {

    int Num = 15;

    cout << Num;

    return 0;

    You can also declare a variable without assigning the value, and assign the value later:

    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical


    5

    Example

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main() {

    int Num;

    Num = 15;

    cout << Num;

    return 0;

    Note that if you assign a new value to an existing variable, it will overwrite the previous value:

    Example

    #include <iostream>

    using namespace std;

    int main() {

    int Num = 15; // Now Num is 15

    Num = 10; // Now Num is 10

    cout << Num;

    return 0;

    }
    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical
    6

    Other Types

    A demonstration of other data types:

    Example

    int Num = 5; // Integer (whole number without decimals)


    double FloatNum = 5.99; // Floating point number (with decimals)
    char Letter = 'D'; // Character
    string Text = "Hello"; // String (text)
    bool Boolean = true; // Boolean (true or false)

    You will learn more about the individual types in the Data Types chapter.

    Q1) what is c++ comments? What is single-line comment? What is multi-line comment?

    Q2) what is c++ variables?

    Q3) what are the types of variables?

    Q4) what are the general rules for constructing names for variables?

    Q5) what is the syntax of variable?

    Programming C++ Samir Bilal Practical & Theoretical

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