Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Aqueo
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Aqueo
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Aqueo
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Indian Council of Medical Research
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Research Article
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM AQUEOUS STEM EXTRACT OF
CERIOPS TAGAL
Larkins Ramteke *, B.L. Jadhav, Poonam Gawali
Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus, Santacruz- E, Mumbai, India
*Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]
DOI: 10.7897/2230-8407.0812258
ABSTRACT
Biosynthesis of reliable and eco-friendly nanoparticles is an important branch of green nanotechnology. Ceriops tagal, a mangrove plant has various
medicinal properties. Synthesis of C.tagal mediated nanoparticles may further enhance its medicinal potency. The aqueous stem extract of C.tagal
was used as a bio-reducing agent for synthesis of silver nanoparticles Reduction of metal ions was confirmed by Ultraviolet-visible absorption
spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Before and after bio-reduction changes in
functional groups of plant extract was recorded by FTIR spectra. The kinetics of particle formation was dependent on time, temperature and metal salt
concentration. UV-Visible spectroscopy demonstrated peak at 455 nm. TEM and XRD results revealed shapes, size and structure of synthesized
nanoparticles. These results have indicated the formation of silver nanoparticles.
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X-ray diffraction measurements The crystalline nature of nanoparticles was confirmed by X-ray
diffraction analysis. The crystallite size of the nanoparticles was
After complete reduction of metal ions by extracts, the solutions estimated from the Debye–Scherrer formula22.
were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 min at RT. The pellet
obtained was re-dispersed and centrifuged with MilliQ water. d = 0.9λ/β cos θ
This process was repeated three times to get rid of any free
entities. Phase formation of nanoparticles was studied by Where 0.9 is the shape factor, λ is x-ray wavelength, 1.54 Å, β
preparing thin film of thoroughly dried nanoparticles on glass full width at half the maximum intensity in radians, and θ is the
slides. Diffraction data was recorded on Schimadzu XRD 7000 Bragg angle.
diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (1.54 Å) source operating at
40 kV voltage and a 30 mA current at Department of Chemistry, Strong Bragg reflections were obtained corresponding to (111),
University of Mumbai, Mumbai. (200) and (220) planes for silver nanoparticles, which are the
principal diffracting planes of face centered cubic symmetry
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy (Table 2). High degree of crystallinity of the nanoparticles was
reflected by the intensity of peaks. The crystallite size of silver
FTIR spectrum of extracts before and after reduction of metal nanoparticles synthesized using AgNO3 (Figure 1 e) was ∼6 nm.
ions was obtained using FTIR (Perkin Elmer) Frontier
spectrophotometer at Department of Chemistry, University of FTIR
Mumbai, Mumbai. 5% plant extract and supernatant of bio-
reduced samples was subjected to IR source 400 cm−1 - 4000 FT-IR spectroscopic studies were carried out to identify the
cm−1. functional group involved in capping and efficient stabilization
of the metal nanoparticles. Representative absorption peaks of
RESULTS the nanoparticles obtained in the present study is presented in
Visual observations and UV-Visible spectroscopy Table 4. The plant extract shows intense broad stretching at
3550-3200 cm-1 which arises due to the free O-H groups
Bio-reduction of salt to respective metal ions in presence of present in alcohols and phenols 22, weak stretch at 2260 – 2100
extract was monitored as a function of time using UV-Visible cm-1 is due to C≡C from alkynes while the IR peak at 1690-1630
spectroscopy. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak of cm-1 could be assigned to characteristic asymmetrical stretch of
absorption spectra for CTSE was found at 455nm for carboxylate group23. The shifting of peaks occurred after
nanoparticles synthesized using AgNO 3 (Figure 1a) salt solution synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Figure 1f). Based on the band
(Indian patent application 1320/MUM/2013 A). The well- shift occurring at hydroxyl and carbonyl groups it can be
known intense brown colour was observed after silver concluded that both hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of C.tagal are
nanoparticles formation. Complete reduction of Ag+ metal ions involved in the synthesis of nanoparticles. As stated earlier,
was done in 120 min, while the colour change was observed CTSE is mainly composed of terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids
after 15 min. The pH of CTSE was 7. Optimization of different and ployphenols which may play an important role in reduction,
concentration of metal salts against kinetics of reaction was stabilization and assembly of synthesized nanoparticles.
observed (Table 1). The rate of synthesis was highest at 2mM
for silver nitrate solution. The lower salt concentration showed
comparatively low rate of synthesis whereas higher salt
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Larkins Ramteke et al. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2017, 8 (12)
Figure 1a: UV visible spectra recorded as function of reaction time of Figure 1 b: Representative spot EDS profile confirming the presence
2mM AgNO3 solution with CTSE at RT. of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by challenging CTSE with
AgNO3 salt.
Figure 1 c: TEM Diffraction pattern of silver nanoparticles. Figure 1.d: TEM micrograph of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized
by challenging CTSE with AgNO3 salt
Figure 1e: Representative XRD profile of silver nanoparticles. Figure 1.f: FTIR absorption spectra of CTSE before bioreduction
(a), after complete bioreduction of AgNO 3 salt (b)
Table 2: Size, shape and yield of NPs synthesized from C.tagal stem
1. Silver NPs from silver nitrate 5-22 Predominately Spherical, few ellipsoidal 620
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Larkins Ramteke et al. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2017, 8 (12)
Peaks and functional groups Free O-H groups from alcohols and phenols 3550 C≡C from alkynes Asymmetrical stretch of carboxylate
-3200 cm-1 2260 – group 1690- 1630 cm-1
2100 cm-1
C.tagal stem extract 3306.66 2119.25 1634.46
Bio-reduced AgNo3 3271.40 2103.33 1634.52
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