Mil PRF 32565 Revcamd2

METRIC
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/ AMENDMENT 2
4 August 2022
SUPERSEDING
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/ AMENDMENT 1
15 February 2022
PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION
BATTERY, RECHARGEABLE, SEALED, 6T LITHIUM-ION
Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to

U.S. Army Ground Vehicle Systems Center, ATTN: FCDD-GVS-SAT MS #268,
6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000, or emailed to usarmy.detroit.devcom-
[email protected]. Since contact information can change, you may
want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online
database at https://assist.dla.mil.
AMSC N/A FSC 6140
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
Source: http://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2022-12-13T14:00Z

Check the source to verify that this is the current version before use.
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2
CONTENTS
PARAGRAPH PAGE
1. SCOPE............................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Classification........................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 Types ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Classes..................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.3 Sub-classes .............................................................................................................. 1
2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ......................................................................................... 2

2.1 General .................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Government documents .......................................................................................... 2
2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks ............................................................... 2
2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications ................................... 3
2.3 Non-Government publications ................................................................................ 5
2.4 Order of precedence ................................................................................................ 7
3. REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................ 7
3.1 Qualification ........................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Materials ................................................................................................................. 7
3.2.1 Recycled, recovered, environmentally preferable, or bio based materials ............. 7
3.2.2 Metals ...................................................................................................................... 7
3.2.3 Dissimilar metals .................................................................................................... 7
3.2.4 Compounds ............................................................................................................. 7
3.3 Manufacturing ......................................................................................................... 8
3.3.1 Physical characteristics ........................................................................................... 8
3.3.2 Dimensions and weights ......................................................................................... 8
3.3.3 Electrical interfaces ............................................................................................... 11
3.3.4 Cells ...................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.5 Battery case and accessories ................................................................................. 13
3.3.6 Battle override mode ............................................................................................. 15
3.4 Color and marking ................................................................................................ 15
3.4.1 Battery color.......................................................................................................... 15
3.4.2 Marking, general ................................................................................................... 15
3.4.3 Identification markings ......................................................................................... 16
3.4.4 Instructions and notes ........................................................................................... 19
3.4.5 Warning markings ................................................................................................. 19
3.5 Operating requirements ......................................................................................... 20
3.5.1 Dielectric strength and insulation resistance......................................................... 20
3.5.2 Operating and storage temperature range ............................................................. 20
3.5.3 Battery voltage ...................................................................................................... 20
3.5.4 Full charge capacity .............................................................................................. 20
3.5.5 Cranking amps ...................................................................................................... 20
3.5.6 Deep cycle life ...................................................................................................... 20
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
3.5.7 High temperature deep cycle life .......................................................................... 21

3.5.8 Retention of charge ............................................................................................... 21
3.5.9 Battery storage life ................................................................................................ 21
3.5.10 Battery service life ................................................................................................ 21
3.5.11 Charging ................................................................................................................ 21
3.5.12 Jump start power export ........................................................................................ 21
3.5.13 Jump start power import ....................................................................................... 22
3.6 Battery management system (BMS) ..................................................................... 22
3.6.1 BMS requirements ................................................................................................ 22
3.6.2 BMS power ........................................................................................................... 22
3.6.3 BMS features ........................................................................................................ 22
3.6.4 Communication interface ...................................................................................... 23
3.6.5 Monitoring performance characteristics ............................................................... 25
3.6.6 Battery states ......................................................................................................... 28
3.6.7 Built-in tests .......................................................................................................... 31
3.6.8 Long term fault data storage ................................................................................. 31
3.6.9 Short term fault data storage ................................................................................. 31
3.7 Surges, spikes, and starting operation ................................................................... 31
3.7.1 Voltage surges ....................................................................................................... 31
3.7.2 Voltage spikes ....................................................................................................... 32
3.7.3 Starting operation .................................................................................................. 32
3.8 Environmental ....................................................................................................... 32
3.8.1 Altitude ................................................................................................................. 32
3.8.2 Attitude ................................................................................................................. 32
3.8.3 Temperature shock ................................................................................................ 33
3.8.4 Mechanical shock.................................................................................................. 33
3.8.5 Vibration ............................................................................................................... 33
3.8.6 Immersion ............................................................................................................. 33
3.8.7 Humidity ............................................................................................................... 33
3.8.8 Blowing sand and dust .......................................................................................... 33
3.8.9 Salt atmosphere ..................................................................................................... 33
3.8.10 Fluid susceptibility ................................................................................................ 33
3.8.11 Explosive atmosphere ........................................................................................... 33
3.9 Electromagnetic compatibility/interference .......................................................... 33
3.10 Electrostatic discharge .......................................................................................... 34
3.11 Safety .................................................................................................................... 34
3.11.1 Cell safety ............................................................................................................. 34
3.11.2 Battery Safety........................................................................................................ 34
3.12 Lithium battery safety program (U.S. Navy) ........................................................ 36
3.13 Charger compatibility ........................................................................................... 36
3.14 Workmanship ........................................................................................................ 36
3.15 Product characteristics .......................................................................................... 36
3.15.1 Paint, protective finishes, and coatings ................................................................. 36
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
3.15.2 Corrosion resistance .............................................................................................. 37

3.15.3 Electronic assembly acceptability ......................................................................... 37
3.15.4 Hazardous materials .............................................................................................. 38
3.15.5 Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) ...................................... 38
3.16 Defects .................................................................................................................. 38
4. VERIFICATION ............................................................................................................. 40
4.1 Classification of inspections ................................................................................. 40
4.1.1 Qualification inspection ........................................................................................ 40
4.1.2 Conformance inspection ....................................................................................... 41
4.2 Test equipment and facilities ................................................................................ 47
4.2.1 Voltage and current indicating equipment ............................................................ 47
4.2.2 Voltage and current tolerances.............................................................................. 47
4.2.3 Resistance tolerances ............................................................................................ 47
4.2.4 Time of discharge ................................................................................................. 47
4.3 Inspection conditions ............................................................................................ 47
4.3.1 Temperature conditions ........................................................................................ 48
4.3.2 Mounting ............................................................................................................... 48
4.4 Inspection and test methods .................................................................................. 48
4.4.1 Engineering analysis ............................................................................................. 48
4.4.2 Visual and mechanical inspections and tests ........................................................ 48
4.4.3 Potting/sealing compounds, flow and shrinkage .................................................. 50
4.4.4 Dielectric strength and insulation resistance......................................................... 50
4.4.5 Operating and storage temperature range ............................................................. 51
4.4.6 Performance tests .................................................................................................. 51
4.4.7 Battery storage life ................................................................................................ 55
4.4.9 Charging ................................................................................................................ 55
4.4.10 Jump start power export ........................................................................................ 56
4.4.11 Jump start power import ....................................................................................... 56
4.5 Battery management system requirements ........................................................... 56
4.5.1 Battery management system ................................................................................. 56
4.5.2 BMS power ........................................................................................................... 56
4.5.3 BMS features ........................................................................................................ 56
4.5.4 Communication interface ...................................................................................... 57
4.5.5 Monitoring performance characteristics ............................................................... 59
4.5.6 Battery states ......................................................................................................... 62
4.5.7 Built-in tests .......................................................................................................... 63
4.5.8 Long term fault data storage ................................................................................. 63
4.5.9 Short term fault data storage ................................................................................. 63
4.6 Surges, spikes and starting operation .................................................................... 63
4.6.1 Voltage surges ....................................................................................................... 63
4.6.2 Voltage spikes ....................................................................................................... 63
4.6.3 Starting operation .................................................................................................. 64
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
4.6.4 Starting current...................................................................................................... 64

4.7 Environmental ....................................................................................................... 64
4.7.1 Altitude ................................................................................................................. 64
4.7.2 Attitude ................................................................................................................. 65
4.7.3 Temperature shock ................................................................................................ 65
4.7.4 Mechanical Shock ................................................................................................. 65
4.7.5 Vibration ............................................................................................................... 65
4.7.6 Immersion ............................................................................................................. 66
4.7.7 Humidity ............................................................................................................... 66
4.7.8 Blowing sand and dust .......................................................................................... 66
4.7.9 Salt atmosphere ..................................................................................................... 66
4.7.10 Fluid susceptibility ................................................................................................ 67
4.7.11 Explosive atmosphere ........................................................................................... 67
4.8 Electromagnetic compatibility/interference .......................................................... 67
4.9 Electrostatic discharge .......................................................................................... 67
4.10 Safety .................................................................................................................... 68
4.10.1 Cell safety ............................................................................................................. 68
4.10.2 Battery safety ........................................................................................................ 69
4.12 Charger compatibility ........................................................................................... 74
4.13 Workmanship ........................................................................................................ 74
4.14 Product characteristics .......................................................................................... 74
4.14.1 Paint, protective finishes, and coatings ................................................................. 74
4.14.2 Corrosion resistance .............................................................................................. 74
4.14.3 Electronic assemblies ............................................................................................ 74
4.14.4 Hazardous materials .............................................................................................. 74
4.14.5 CBRN.................................................................................................................... 74
4.15 Defects .................................................................................................................. 74
5. PACKAGING ................................................................................................................. 74
5.1 Packaging .............................................................................................................. 74
6. NOTES ............................................................................................................................ 75
6.1 Intended use .......................................................................................................... 75
6.2 Acquisition requirements ...................................................................................... 75
6.3 Definitions............................................................................................................. 76
6.3.1 Amp hour or ampere-hour .................................................................................... 76
6.3.2 Battery ................................................................................................................... 76
6.3.3 Battery capacity .................................................................................................... 76
6.3.4 Battery case ........................................................................................................... 76
6.3.5 Battery, lithium-ion ............................................................................................... 76
6.3.6 Battery, secondary................................................................................................. 76
6.3.8 C rate ..................................................................................................................... 76
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
6.3.9 Cell ........................................................................................................................ 76

6.3.10 Charge ................................................................................................................... 76
6.3.11 Charge rate ............................................................................................................ 76
6.3.12 Completed cell assembly ...................................................................................... 77
6.3.13 Contactor ............................................................................................................... 77
6.3.14 Contractor ............................................................................................................. 77
6.3.15 Controller application ........................................................................................... 77
6.3.16 Cutoff voltage ....................................................................................................... 77
6.3.17 Cranking ................................................................................................................ 77
6.3.18 Cycle ..................................................................................................................... 77
6.3.19 Cycle, deep ............................................................................................................ 77
6.3.20 Cycle life ............................................................................................................... 77
6.3.21 Discharge .............................................................................................................. 77
6.3.22 Discharge rate ....................................................................................................... 77
6.3.23 Electrode ............................................................................................................... 77
6.3.24 Electrolyte ............................................................................................................. 77
6.3.25 Energy ................................................................................................................... 78
6.3.26 Energy density ...................................................................................................... 78
6.3.27 Fully charged batteries .......................................................................................... 78
6.3.28 Fully discharged batteries ..................................................................................... 78
6.3.29 Negative terminal .................................................................................................. 78
6.3.30 Normal upright position ........................................................................................ 78
6.3.31 Open circuit ........................................................................................................... 78
6.3.32 Open-circuit voltage.............................................................................................. 78
6.3.33 Positive terminal ................................................................................................... 78
6.3.34 Power .................................................................................................................... 78
6.3.35 Power density ........................................................................................................ 78
6.3.36 Qualifying Activity ............................................................................................... 78
6.3.37 Rework .................................................................................................................. 78
6.3.38 Seal ........................................................................................................................ 79
6.3.39 Self-discharge ....................................................................................................... 79
6.3.40 Shelf life ................................................................................................................ 79
6.3.41 Softening temperature ........................................................................................... 79
6.3.42 Stabilize................................................................................................................. 79
6.3.43 State of charge (estimated).................................................................................... 79
6.3.44 State of charge (SOC) reserve limit ...................................................................... 79
6.3.45 State of health (estimated) .................................................................................... 79
6.3.46 Terminals .............................................................................................................. 79
6.3.47 Time remaining ..................................................................................................... 79
6.3.48 Voltage, nominal ................................................................................................... 79
6.4 Qualification ......................................................................................................... 79
6.5 Manufacturing ....................................................................................................... 80
6.6 Specification content ............................................................................................. 80
6.7 Cell traceability ..................................................................................................... 81
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
6.8 Product traceability (battery) ................................................................................ 81

6.9 Safety data sheets .................................................................................................. 81
6.10 Shelf life ................................................................................................................ 81
6.11 Transportation ....................................................................................................... 81
6.12 Shipping safety...................................................................................................... 81
6.13 Battery condition for shipping .............................................................................. 82
6.13.1 Operating and charging instructions ..................................................................... 82
6.13.2 Caps for protection ................................................................................................ 82
6.13.3 Maintenance .......................................................................................................... 82
6.13.4 Age documentation ............................................................................................... 82
6.14 Transportation ....................................................................................................... 82
6.15 Verification inspection .......................................................................................... 82
6.16 Inspection lot ......................................................................................................... 83
6.17 Test report data ..................................................................................................... 83
6.18.1 Test data ................................................................................................................ 83
6.18.2 Test vessel ............................................................................................................. 84
6.18.3 Navy test facility ................................................................................................... 84
6.19 Environmentally preferable material .................................................................... 84
6.20 Additional reference materials .............................................................................. 84
6.21 Subject term (key word) listing............................................................................. 84
6.22 Changes from previous issue ................................................................................ 85
APPENDIX A: Battery Interface Control Document (ICD) and SAE J1939 Messages .............. 98
A.1 SCOPE............................................................................................................................. 98
A.1.1 Scope ..................................................................................................................... 98
A.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ....................................................................................... 98

A.2.1 General .................................................................................................................. 98
A.2.2 Government documents ........................................................................................ 98
A.2.3 Non-Government publications .............................................................................. 98
A.3 INTERFACES ................................................................................................................. 98

A.3.1 Location ................................................................................................................ 98
A.3.2 Electrical Interfaces .............................................................................................. 98
A.3.2.1 Isolation................................................................................................................. 98
A.3.3 Pin definitions ....................................................................................................... 98
A.3.3.1 Power .................................................................................................................... 99
A.3.3.2 Dormant ................................................................................................................ 99
A.3.3.3 Master power switch ............................................................................................. 99
A.3.3.4 CAN .................................................................................................................... 100
A.3.3.5 Configuration pins 1-2, baud rate ....................................................................... 100
A.3.3.6 Configuration pins 3-6, position identity ............................................................ 101
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PARAGRAPH PAGE
A.3.3.7 Reset .................................................................................................................... 101

A.3.3.8 Common.............................................................................................................. 101
A.4 CAN BUS ...................................................................................................................... 102

A.4.1 CAN bus physical characteristics ....................................................................... 102
A.4.2 CAN message response....................................................................................... 102
A.4.3 Primary CAN interface selection ........................................................................ 102
A.4.4 Heartbeat CAN interface selection ..................................................................... 102
A.4.5 Bit timing ............................................................................................................ 102
A.4.6 BMS J1939 implementation ............................................................................... 103
A.4.7 NAME of controller application ......................................................................... 103
A.4.8 Preferred source address ..................................................................................... 103
A.4.9 Arbitrary address capability ................................................................................ 104
A.5 PROGRAM, CONFIGURATION, AND DATA MEMORY....................................... 104

A.5.1 Hardware and software version .......................................................................... 104
A.5.2 Firmware diagnostics .......................................................................................... 105
A.5.3 Firmware update ................................................................................................. 105
A.5.3.1 Stop Start Broadcast ............................................................................................ 106
A.5.4 Configuration defaults ........................................................................................ 106
A.5.5 Configuration overwrite ...................................................................................... 107
A.5.6 CAN message transmission rates ........................................................................ 107
A.5.7 Application Management Commands and Limits. ............................................. 108
A.5.7.1 Transportability Command ................................................................................. 108
A.5.7.2 SOC Reserve Limit ............................................................................................. 108
A.5.7.3 Application overcurrent limits and application overcurrent periods .................. 109
A.5.8 Long term fault data storage ............................................................................... 110
A.5.9 Short term fault data storage ............................................................................... 110
A.5.10 BMS CAN J1939 application layer .................................................................... 110
A.5.11 Diagnostics .......................................................................................................... 110
A.5.11.1 Diagnostic trouble code lamps ............................................................................ 110
A.5.11.2 Conversion method ............................................................................................. 110
A.5.11.3 Diagnostic trouble code severity level ................................................................ 110
A.5.11.4 SPNs for diagnostics only ................................................................................... 111
A.5.11.5 DTC fault conditions........................................................................................... 111
A.6 MESSAGES .................................................................................................................. 113

A.6.1 Messages ............................................................................................................. 113
A.6.2 SAE J1939 messages .......................................................................................... 113
A.6.3 Battery specific messages ................................................................................... 114
A.6.4 BMS parameter group number (PGN) and suspect parameter number (SPN)
reservation and prohibition ......................................................................................................... 115
A.6.5 Proprietary A J1939 PGN Message Definition and Structure ............................ 115
A.6.6 Proprietary B J1939 PGN message definition and structure .............................. 121
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FIGURE PAGE
1. Top view battery dimensions. ............................................................................... 86

2. Front view battery dimensions. ............................................................................. 87
3. Side view battery dimensions. .............................................................................. 88
4. Corrugations by positive post. .............................................................................. 89
5. Terminal posts....................................................................................................... 89
6. Handles. ................................................................................................................ 90
7. Labels required for top of battery. ........................................................................ 91
8. Maintenance advisory tag. .................................................................................... 92
9. Battery state map................................................................................................... 92
10. Vehicle starting current. ........................................................................................ 93
11. Handle test. ........................................................................................................... 94
12. Line of impact. ...................................................................................................... 95
13. Battery impact areas. ............................................................................................. 96
14. BMS SAE J1939 implementation concept. .......................................................... 97
TABLE PAGE
I. Physical and electrical requirements. ...................................................................... 9

II. J1 battery communications interface. ................................................................... 12
III. Preferred source addresses. ................................................................................... 24
IV. Performance characteristics. ................................................................................. 25
V. Environmental requirements. ................................................................................ 32
VI. Visual and mechanical inspection. ........................................................................ 39
VII. Inspection requirements. ....................................................................................... 42
A-I. Hardware version format. ................................................................................... 104
A-II. Software version format. ..................................................................................... 105
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This specification is approved for use by the U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments
Command and is available for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of
Defense.
1. SCOPE
1.1 Scope. This performance specification contains general requirements for secondary
(rechargeable) nominal 24-volt lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries having the 6T form factor in
accordance with STANAG 4015. The batteries described in this specification are intended to be
used as power sources for automotive starting, lighting, & ignition (SLI), and auxiliary
electronics (such as deep cycle and silent watch operations with the vehicle engine off).
1.2 Classification. The only approved battery classifications (Types, Classes, and Sub-
classes combinations) are found in table I.
1.2.1 Types. This specification groups batteries into two types according to their
maximum Hazard Severity Level as defined by SAE J2464 for the overcharge abuse, crush, and
battery nail penetration safety tests specified in this document. The types of batteries are as
follows:
Type 1 - Maximum Hazard Severity Level of 4 for overcharge, crush, and battery nail
penetration.
Type 2 - Maximum Hazard Severity Level of 6 for overcharge, crush, and battery nail
penetration.
1.2.2 Classes. The classes of the battery are grouped according to cranking amps (no
pre-heating).
Class A:
600 A for 30 sec at -18 °C
300 A for 30 sec at -32 °C
200 A for 30 sec at -40 °C
Class B:
1100 A for 30 sec at -18 °C
600 A for 30 sec at -32 °C
400 A for 30 sec at -40 °C
1.2.3 Sub-classes. The sub-classification of the battery are grouped according to

minimum capacity.
X55: Minimum capacity of 55 Ah.

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1.2.3.1 Long life. The designation LL (for example Type 1-A55LL) can be added to
the battery sub-class if the battery meets the following requirements:
a. The battery maintains at least 70 percent of its baseline full charge capacity after
2000 deep cycles as defined in 3.5.6 and 4.4.6.3. Vendor certification is required.
b. The battery maintains at least 70 percent of its baseline full charge capacity after
1000 high temperature deep cycles as defined in 3.5.7 and 4.4.6.4. Vendor certification is
required.
c. The battery maintains at least 90 percent of the baseline full charge capacity as
determined in 4.4.6.3 during the complete deep cycle life test, excluding failed cycles as defined
in 3.5.6 and excluding up to 10 cycles where the battery did not maintain at least 90 percent of
full charge capacity but did maintain at least 70 percent of full charge capacity.
d. The battery maintains at least 90 percent of the baseline full charge capacity as
determined in 4.4.6.4 during the complete high temperature deep cycle life test, excluding failed
cycles as defined in 3.5.7 and excluding up to 5 cycles where the battery did not maintain at least
90 percent of full charge capacity but did maintain at least 70 percent of full charge capacity.”
2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3 and 4 of
this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this
specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has
been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must
meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3 and 4 of this specification,
whether or not they are listed.
2.2 Government documents.
2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications,

standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless
otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION AGREEMENTS
AECTP-400 - Mechanical Environmental Tests
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS
MIL-DTL-38999 - Connectors, Electrical Circular,

Miniature, High Density, Quick
Disconnect (Bayonet, Threaded or
Breech Coupling), Environment
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Resistant with Crimp Removable
Contacts or Hermetically Sealed with
Fixed, Solderable Contacts, General
Specification for
MIL-DTL-53072 - Chemical Agent Resistant Coating
(CARC) System Application
Procedures and Quality Control
Inspection
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS
MIL-STD-130 - Identification Marking of U.S.

Military Property
MIL-STD-202-301 - Method 301, Dielectric Withstanding
Voltage
MIL-STD-202-302 - Method 302, Insulation Resistance
MIL-STD-461 - Requirements for the Control of
Electromagnetic Interference
Characteristics of Subsystems and
Equipment
MIL-STD-464 - Electromagnetic Environmental
Effects Requirements for Systems
MIL-STD-889 - Dissimilar Metals.
MIL-STD-1275 - Characteristics of 28 Volt DC Input
Power to Utilization Equipment in
Military Vehicles
MIL-STD-1472 - Design Criteria Standard for Human
Engineering.
(Copies of these documents are available online at https://quicksearch.dla.mil.)
2.2.2 Other Government documents, drawings, and publications. The following other
Government documents, drawings, and publications form a part of this document to the extent
specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the
solicitation or contract.
ARMY-TACOM PURCHASE DESCRIPTIONS (ATPD)
ATPD 2404 - Environmental Conditions for

Ground Combat Systems
(Copies of this document are available from U.S. Army RDECOM, Tank Automotive Research,
Development and Engineering Center, ATTN: RDTA-SIE-ES-SI MS #268, 6501 E. 11 Mile
Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000 or can be requested by sending an email to
[email protected].)
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ARMY TECHNICAL MANUALS
TM-9-6140-200-13 - Technical Manual Operator and

Field Maintenance for Automotive
Lead-Acid Storage Batteries
(Copies of this document are available online at https://armypubs.army.mil/.)
CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS
29 CFR 1910.1200 - Hazardous Substances
(Copies of this document are available online at www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html.)
DEFENSE FEDERAL ACQUISITION SUPPLIMENT
DFARS 252.211-7003 - Item Identification and Valuation
(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.acq.osd.mil)
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
ATP 3-11.23 - Multiservice Tactics, Techniques,

and Procedures for Weapons of Mass
Destruction Elimination Operations
(Copies of these documents are available online at https://www.army.mil/usapa/index.html.)
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)
EPA/625/R-96/010b - Compendium of Methods for the

Determination of Toxic Organic
Compounds in Ambient Air, Second
Edition.
(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/airtox.html.)
NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND (NAVSEA)
NAVSEA INSTRUCTION 9310.1 - Naval Lithium Battery Safety

Program
S9310-AQ-SAF-010 - Technical Manual for Batteries, Navy
Lithium Safety Program
Responsibilities and Procedures
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(Copies of these documents may be obtained from the Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane,
Indiana 300 Highway 361, Building 3235, Crane, IN 47522-5001.)
TACOM DRAWINGS
12350824 - Paint System Chemical Agent

Resistive Coating
(Copies of these documents can be requested by sending an email to usarmy.detroit.devcom-

[email protected].)
2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this

document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these
documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME)
ASME Y14.38 - Abbreviations and Acronyms for Use

on Drawings and Related
Documents.
(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.asme.org.)
ASSOCIATION OF CONNECTING ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES (IPC)
IPC J-STD-001 - Requirements for Soldered Electrical

and Electronic Assemblies
IPC-A-610 - Acceptability of Electronic
Assemblies
(Copies of these documents are available online at www.ipc.org.)
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDS (ISO)
ISO 10012 - Measurement management systems -

Requirements for measurement
processes and measuring equipment.
ISO 11898-1 - Road Vehicles – Controller Area
Network (CAN) – Part 1: Data Link
Layer and Physical Signaling
ISO 11898-2 - Road Vehicles – Controller Area
Network (CAN) – Part 2: High-
Speed Medium Access Unit
ISO/IEC 17025 - General Requirements for the
Competence of Testing and
Calibration Laboratories
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(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm.)
SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE)
SAE AMS-STD-595 - Colors Used in

Government
Procurement
SAE AS478 - Identification Marking
Methods (DoD
Adopted)
SAE J1939 - Serial Control and Communications
Heavy Duty Vehicle Network – Top
Level Document
SAE J1939-81 - Network Management
SAE J2464 - Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Rechargeable Energy Storage
System (RESS) Safety and Abuse
Testing.
(Copies of these documents are available online at https://www.sae.org/.)
TECHAMERICA
GEIA-STD-0005-1 - Performance Standard for Aerospace

and High Performance Electronic
Systems Containing Lead-Free
Solder
GEIA-STD-0005-2 - Standard for Mitigating the Effects
of Tin Whiskers in Aerospace and
High Performance Electronic
Systems
GEIA-STD-0006 - Requirements for Using Solder Dip
to Replace the Finish on Electronic
Piece Parts
(Copies of these documents are available online at www.geia.org.)
UNDERWRITER LABORATORIES (UL)
UL 94 - Tests for Flammability of Plastic

Materials for Parts in Devices and
Appliances
(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.ul.com.)
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2.4 Order of precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event
of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this
document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and
regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.
3. REQUIREMENTS
3.1 Qualification. Batteries furnished under this specification shall be products that are
authorized by the Qualifying Activity for listing on the applicable qualified products list before
contract award (see 4.1.1 and 6.4).
3.2 Materials. Conformance shall be verified and demonstrated by inspection of

contractor records providing objective quality evidence or certification that design, construction,
processing, and materials conform to requirements. Applicable records shall include drawings,
specifications, design data, receiving inspection records, processing and quality control
standards, vendor catalogs and certifications, industry standards, test reports, and rating data.
3.2.1 Recycled, recovered, environmentally preferable, or bio based materials.

Recycled, recovered, environmentally preferable, or biobased materials should be used to the
maximum extent possible, provided that the material meets or exceeds the operational and
maintenance requirements, and promotes economically advantageous life cycle costs.
3.2.2 Metals. All cell or battery metals which do not enter into the basic
electrochemical reaction of the cell shall resist, or be treated to resist, corrosion. Vendor
certification shall be required.
3.2.3 Dissimilar metals. When dissimilar metals, which would adversely affect battery
performance, are used in intimate contact with each other, protection against electrolysis and
corrosion shall be applied that is in accordance with MIL-STD-889. Vendor certification shall
be required.
3.2.4 Compounds.
3.2.4.1 Insulating compounds.
3.2.4.1.1 Potting/sealing compounds, flow and shrinkage. Insulating, impregnating,

potting and sealing compounds used in manufacturing shall be capable of performing their
intended purpose under the use conditions described by this specification. Compounds shall not
inhibit the operation of any safety features (such as air pressure equalization port, overpressure
relief device or heater). When tested in accordance with 4.4.3, the insulating, impregnating,
potting and sealing compounds shall not flow at high temperature, and shall not crack or draw
away from the sides of a container at low temperature. Any compound used shall be non-
flammable and non-toxic (see 3.15.4). Vendor certification shall be required.
3.2.4.1.2 Insulating compounds for electrical connectors, wires, and tabs. All points
inside a battery that have positive and negative polarity in close proximity shall have not less
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than one layer of insulation between the positive and negative. Insulating material, or layers of
multiple insulating materials between positive and negative points, shall have the following
characteristics at a minimum:
a. Softening temperature: Not less than 150 °C (see 6.3.41).
b. Lengthwise shrinkage: Not greater than 3 percent after application.
c. Thickness: Not less than 0.127 mm.
Material shall not shrink, soften, or crack during any of the tests of this specification with the
exception of battery abuse tests (see 4.10.2.8), unless specified otherwise. The material shall be
non-flammable, non-toxic, and impervious to the electrolyte of the battery (see 3.15.4). Vendor
certification shall be required.
3.2.4.2 Elastomeric materials. All elastomeric materials used in the battery shall show
no cracks, blisters or other deterioration, nor cause degradation of battery performance after
being tested as specified herein, with the exception of destructive testing. Any elastomeric
material used shall be non-flammable and non-toxic (see 3.15.4). Vendor certification shall be
required.
3.3 Manufacturing.
3.3.1 Physical characteristics. When examined in accordance with 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2,
each cell and battery shall be free of visual and mechanical defects in accordance with 3.16
before and after being subjected to the testing in section 4, excluding test samples subjected to
destructive tests as identified in table VII.
3.3.2 Dimensions and weights. When examined in accordance with 4.4.2.3, the
dimensions and weights of each battery shall be as defined in figure 1 through figure 4 and in
table I.
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TABLE I. Physical and electrical requirements.
Characteristics Type 1 minimum values (at normal conditions unless specified)

Classification: Class A Class B
Sub-Classification: 1-A55 1-A75 1-B55 1-B90
SAE AMS-STD-595 SAE AMS-STD-595 SAE AMS-STD-595 SAE AMS-STD-595
Color:
color 33446 color 33446 color 33446 color 33446
Weight (max): 30 kg 30 kg 30 kg 30 kg
Nominal voltage: 24 V 24 V 24 V 24 V
Full charge capacity: 55 Ah (at 22 °C) 75 Ah (at 22 °C) 55 Ah (at 22 °C) 90 Ah (at 22 °C)
1100 A for 30 sec at 1100 A for 30 sec at 1100 A for 30 sec at 1100 A for 30 sec at
55 °C 55 °C 55 °C 55 °C
Cranking amps (no -18 °C -18 °C -18 °C -18 °C
pre-heating): 300 A for 30 sec at 300 A for 30 sec at 600 A for 30 sec at 600 A for 30 sec at
-32 °C -32 °C -32 °C -32 °C
-40 °C -40 °C -40 °C -40 °C
Cranking amps (pre- 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec
heating at -18 °C): within 15 minutes within 15 minutes within 10 minutes within 10 minutes
Cranking amps (pre- 600 A for 30 sec 600 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec
heating at -48 °C): within 30 minutes within 30 minutes within 30 minutes within 30 minutes
1000 cycles at 38 °C 1000 cycles at 38 °C 1000 cycles at 38 °C 1000 cycles at 38 °C
Deep cycle life:
500 cycles at 50 °C 500 cycles at 50 °C 500 cycles at 50 °C 500 cycles at 50 °C
Battery service life: 5 years 5 years 5 years 5 years
Continuous cycling
current discharge 120 A 150 A 120 A 180 A
rating:
Continuous cycling
60 A 75 A 60 A 90 A
current charge rating:
Pulse load rating: 600 A (at 30 seconds) 600 A (at 30 seconds) 1100 A (at 30 seconds) 1100 A (at 30 seconds)
Rapid charging time: 20 minutes 25 minutes 20 minutes 30 minutes
Operating
-46 to 71 °C -46 to 71 °C -46 to 71 °C -46 to 71 °C
temperature range:
Storage temperature
-54 to 88 °C -54 to 88 °C -54 to 88 °C -54 to 88 °C
range:
Minimum cranking
14.4 V 14.4 V 14.4 V 14.4 V
voltage (below 0 °C)
Number of batteries
capable of being 1 1 1 1
connected in series
Number of batteries
capable of being 12 12 12 12
connected in parallel
SAE J2464 Hazard
Severity Level
(battery nail
≤4 ≤4 ≤4 ≤4
penetration, crush,
and overcharge abuse
only)
SAE J2464 Hazard
Severity Level
≤6 ≤6 ≤6 ≤6
(battery projectile
penetration only)
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TABLE I. Physical and electrical requirements – Continued.
Characteristics Type 2 minimum values (at normal conditions unless specified)

Classification: Class A Class B
Sub-Classification: 2-A55 2-A75 2-B90
SAE AMS-STD-595 SAE AMS-STD-595 SAE AMS-STD-595
Color:
color 33446 color 33446 color 33446
Weight (max): 30 kg 30 kg 30 kg
Nominal voltage: 24 V 24 V 24 V
Full charge capacity: 55 Ah (at 22 °C) 75 Ah (at 22 °C) 90 Ah (at 22 °C)
1100 A for 30 sec at 1100 A for 30 sec at 1100 A for 30 sec at
55 °C 55 °C 55 °C
Cranking amps (no pre- -18 °C -18 °C -18 °C
heating): 300 A for 30 sec at 300 A for 30 sec at 600 A for 30 sec at
-32 °C -32 °C -32 °C
-40 °C -40 °C -40 °C
Cranking amps (pre- 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec 1100 A for 30 sec
heating at -18 °C): within 15 minutes within 15 minutes within 10 minutes
Cranking amps (pre- 600 A for 30 sec 600 A for 30 sec within 1100 A for 30 sec
heating at -48 °C): within 30 minutes 30 minutes within 30 minutes
1000 cycles at 38 °C 1000 cycles at 38 °C 1000 cycles at 38 °C
Deep cycle life:
500 cycles at 50 °C 500 cycles at 50 °C 500 cycles at 50 °C
Battery service life: 5 years 5 years 5 years
Continuous cycling
120 A 150 A 180 A
current discharge rating:
Continuous cycling
60 A 75 A 90 A
current charge rating:
600 A (at 30
Pulse load rating: 600 A (at 30 seconds) 1100 A (at 30 seconds)
seconds)
Rapid charging time: 20 minutes 25 minutes 30 minutes
Operating temperature
-46 to 71 °C -46 to 71 °C -46 to 71 °C
range:
Storage temperature
-54 to 88 °C -54 to 88 °C -54 to 88 °C
range:
Minimum cranking
14.4 V 14.4 V 14.4 V
voltage (below 0 °C)
Number of batteries
capable of being 1 1 1
connected in series
Number of batteries
capable of being 12 12 12
connected in parallel
SAE J2464 Hazard
Severity Level (battery
nail penetration, crush, ≤6 ≤6 ≤6
and overcharge abuse
only)
SAE J2464 Hazard
Severity Level (battery
≤6 ≤6 ≤6
projectile penetration
only)
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3.3.3 Electrical interfaces.
3.3.3.1 Terminal posts and threaded sockets. Batteries shall have terminal posts with
threaded sockets. The threaded sockets shall be able to maintain a seal during immersion testing
(see 3.8.6 and 4.7.6). The threaded socket for the negative terminal post shall have a minimum
depth of 13 mm, with a 5/16-18 thread. The threaded socket for the positive terminal post shall
have a minimum depth of 13 mm, with a 3/8-16 thread. The positive terminal post shall be
embossed by a "+," a "POS," or a "P," and the negative terminal post by a "-," a "NEG," or an
"N" as shown in figure 5. The terminal posts design shall be in accordance with figure 5.
Location of the threaded sockets on the battery shall be in accordance with figure 1. The area
around each threaded socket shall be an electrically conductive pad with a diameter of 27±1 mm
(see figure 1). The electrically conductive pad shall be at least 1 mm above the electrically
insulating material as described below. The maximum height of the electrically conductive pad
shall not extend above the top surface of the battery, including any coatings, by more than 3 mm.
The area around the electrically conductive pad shall be made of an electrically insulating
material to prevent shorting to the battery case from the cables. This electrically insulating area
shall have a radius of at least 26.5 mm from the center of the threaded sockets, and shall not
interfere with any markings on the top battery surface. The height of the electrically insulating
material shall be no more than 1 mm from the top surface of the battery and no less than flush
with the top surface of the battery. An applied torque of up to 28.25 Newton-meter (Nm), in the
clockwise direction, shall not cause damage to the threaded sockets, terminal posts, terminal
housing, or any other part of the battery. Terminal material shall be compatible with use of
standard vehicle lead acid battery clamps and cables. Battery clamps installed on terminal posts
shall support the weight of the battery without slipping off of the terminal post. See 4.4.2.4.1 for
verification method.
3.3.3.2 Communication interface. A communication interface for the battery shall be

provided for controller area networks (CAN) communication, configuration, and other necessary
signals for the battery management system. The connector for the unit shall be located on the top
of the battery case (see figure 1) and in such a fashion as to avoid moisture or contamination of
the connector. The connector shall be MIL-DTL-38999 Series III receptacle, with insert
arrangement C35, socket contacts (style S), corrosion resistant steel shell (class K), and normal
key position. The connector format and pin out shall be as shown in table II. The connector
shall be inspected in accordance with 4.4.2.4.2.
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TABLE II. J1 battery communications interface.
Signal name J1 Contacts

Power (PWR) 1
Power (PWR) return 2
Dormant 1 3
Dormant 2 4
Master power switch in 5
Master power switch return 6
CAN _SHLD 7
CAN_A _H 8
CAN_A _L 9
CAN_GND 10
CAN_B _H 11
CAN_B _L 12
Configuration pin 1 (baud rate) 13
Configuration pin 2 (baud rate) 14
Configuration pin 3 (position ID) 15
Reset 19
Common (COM) 20
Reserved 21
Reserved 22
3.3.3.2.1 Isolation, electrostatic discharge, and filtering. Appropriate isolation,

electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection, and filtering shall be added to the battery
communication interface to meet the requirements of 3.5.1, 3.9, and 3.10. See 4.4.2.4.2.1 for
3.3.3.2.2 Electrical bonding. The battery shall include the necessary electrical bonding
to meet the requirements of 3.9. Conductive surfaces, shields and mechanical interfaces of the
battery shall provide electrical continuity in accordance with MIL-STD-464 electrical bonding
requirements for control of electromagnetic environment effects. The communication interface
connector shell shall be electrically bonded to surfaces of the case or internal electromagnetic
shields requiring connection to ground plane. Vendor certification shall be required.
3.3.4 Cells.
3.3.4.1 Cell shorting prevention. Each cell shall be protected from shorting or
inadvertent electrical contact with other battery components. Where necessary, each cell case
shall have an individual insulating coating or sleeve, or be made from an electrically insulating
material. Material selected shall meet the requirements of 3.2.4. Vendor certification shall be
required.
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3.3.4.2 Cell leakage. No electrolyte leakage shall be allowed outside the cell within the
battery. Vendor certification shall be required.
3.3.5 Battery case and accessories.
3.3.5.1 Battery case. The battery case shall be capable of maintaining the specified
dimensions during the life of the battery and shall be designed to prevent dimensional expansion
that will prevent its removal from equipment (see 4.4.2.3). The battery case shall have a smooth
finish free from pitting, blowholes, rough spots, or other deformations (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
The battery case shall be fabricated of material having sufficient strength to withstand the
environmental and electrical tests specified herein (see 4.4 and 4.7), and shall be acid resistant or
have an acid resistant finish or coating (see 4.14.1). The battery case shall be one color and of
the same material. Materials shall be non-toxic when tested in accordance with Test Methods
TO14, TO15 and TO17 of EPA/625/R-96/010b (vendor certification required). The battery top
and battery bottom faces shall be parallel within 1.5 mm total (see figure 2 and 4.4.2.3). When a
non-metallic material is used for the battery case, the material shall be classified in accordance
with UL 94, and shall be rated to 5VA classification requirements. To determine conformance,
UL 94 test specimens tested as specified in 4.4.2.5.1 for non-metallic case materials shall be
required.
3.3.5.1.1 Battery case bottom. The battery shall be supported by the bottom of the case.
Point support by feet or other protrusions shall be prohibited. Recesses into the bottom of the
case shall not exceed 10 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and 1 mm in depth, excluding fastener
recesses. Total area of recesses shall not exceed 40 percent of total bottom surface area. All
edges of the case bottom shall be rounded to a minimum of 2 mm radius to prevent damage to
equipment during installation. Conformance to this requirement shall be verified through
engineering analysis (see 4.4.1), and visual inspection (see 4.4.2).
3.3.5.2 Battery accessories. The dimensions and locations of the accessories shall be as
specified in figure 1 through figure 3.
3.3.5.2.1 Overpressure relief device. An overpressure relief device shall be

incorporated into the battery case. The device or devices shall be located on the left, right, or
both sides of the battery (see figure 3). The overpressure relief device shall not protrude greater
than 8 mm from either side of the battery (see figure 2). The overpressure relief device shall be
fully contained within the designated overpressure relief device areas (see figure 3). This device
shall be designed to release below the bursting pressure of the battery case and above the normal
operating pressure of the battery. The design of the battery shall be such that the paths from the
individual cell units to the battery overpressure relief device are sufficient to permit the removal
of gases. The device shall prevent the entry of liquids into the battery case. The overpressure
relief device protrusions shall be designed to prevent its opening from handling or incidental
contact. To determine conformance with this requirement, test in accordance with 4.4.2.5.2.
3.3.5.2.2 Air pressure equalization port. The battery shall have a non-removable air
pressure equalization port to prevent air pressure imbalance between the inside of the battery and
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the battery’s external environment. The port shall be located on the top of the battery (see
figure 1). No portion of the air pressure equalization port shall completely detach from the case.
The air pressure equalization port shall withstand temperatures from -54 to 88 °C without
cracking, melting or other damage. To determine conformance with this requirement, test in
accordance with 4.4.2.5.3.
3.3.5.2.3 Heater(s). Heater(s) shall be incorporated into batteries to improve cold

temperature performance. To determine conformance with this requirement, test in accordance
with 4.4.2.5.4. The following shall apply for battery heaters (vendor certification required):
a. The battery management system (BMS) shall automatically manage the temperature.
Automatic control of the heater(s) shall be activated when the master power switch is “On” in the
Operational State, and when the battery is configured with the Automatic Heater Function
enabled.
b. Heaters shall be internally powered by the battery and be capable of being powered
externally through the battery power terminals by a MIL-STD-1275 28V bus.
c. The heater shall not be operated above 10 °C internal battery temperature. If a

higher charge rate than the continuous cycling current charge rating of table I is possible by
allowing heater operation above 10 °C, a waiver for the 10 °C cut off requirement may be
obtained from the Qualifying Activity.
d. Above 0 °C internal battery temperature, the battery shall be capable of charging

(see 3.5.11), whether the automatic heater function is enabled or disabled.
e. All heater components shall be located inside the battery case.
f. Heater elements and wire assemblies shall be electrically insulated and installed in a
manner which minimizes potential battery damage due to electrical shorting, sparking, or other
electrical hazards.
g. Both primary and secondary (backup) temperature limiting controls shall be

incorporated into the battery's heater electrical circuits to prevent overheating and shall be wired
in series. If the primary heater control fails, the battery shall not reach a damaging temperature.
h. If heat generated by the battery causes the surface temperature of the battery to
exceed the maximum temperature limits for momentary contact as defined by the Thermal
contacts hazards section in MIL-STD-1472 under any normal operating condition, the battery
shall include a "Caution: Hot Surface" warning label located on the top of the battery in
accordance with 3.4.2.1. In accordance with MIL-STD-1472, surface temperatures induced by
climatic environment are exempt from this requirement.
3.3.5.2.4 Handles. Handles shall be fabricated from flexible material of the developed
length specified in figure 6. A more rigid removable handle may be offered as an option,
provided it does not exceed the length or width of the envelope of the handle attachment points
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on each side of the battery, nor the height of the battery case, and provided that it meets all the
other physical requirements for the handles. Handles and attachments shall be undamaged after
tested in accordance with 4.4.2.5.5. If knots are used to secure a plastic rope handle, the rope
handles shall be attached in a manner to prevent untying, and rope ends shall be sealed to prevent
fraying. The material of the handles shall be corrosion resistant to sulfuric acid, which shall be
verified through engineering analysis (see 4.4.1). Handle support structures may extend below
the handle into the area designated for overpressure relief devices & handle supports (see
figure 3). The supports shall not interfere with the overpressure relief devices. The supports
shall not protrude more than 8 mm from the side of the battery and shall taper from 8 mm to 0
mm before reaching the bottom of the 15 mm designated area.
3.3.6 Battle override mode. The battery shall have a battle override mode activated by
the user allowing for extended operation which could otherwise degrade the battery service life
(see 3.5.10), deep cycle life (see 3.5.6), and high-temperature deep cycle life (see 3.5.7) of the
battery. Charging or discharging (pulse or continuous operation) of the battery within battle
override shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 1. The battery shall enter battle
override mode when it receives the battle override enable CAN message. When battle override
mode is active, the battery’s terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d shall be lowered to a
battle override terminal cutoff voltage selected by the manufacturer. The battle override terminal
cutoff voltage selected shall be the lowest possible terminal voltage the battery can permit based
on chemistry without irreversible loss of function. The overdischarge safety protection (see
3.6.3.3 b) shall also be adjusted to account for the lower battle override terminal cutoff voltage.
Additionally, when battle override mode is active, the over-temperature limit safety protection
(see 3.6.3.3 d) shall be raised to the highest temperature the battery can permit based on
chemistry such that thermal runaway is avoided. With battle override mode active, the battery
shall maintain full functional operation. Vendor certification is required (see 4.4.2.6). The
battery shall exit battle override if a battle override enable CAN message has not been received
within a timeout period of 5 seconds or if the battle override disable CAN message has been
received. Refer to the Appendix A of this specification for further information regarding the
information on the CAN bus and its formatting.
3.4 Color and marking.
3.4.1 Battery color. The battery case color shall be in accordance with SAE AMS-
STD-595 color ID 33446 confirmed by vendor certification. The color of all visible parts of
each battery, including the handle attachment points, shall conform to the specified color. The
following battery parts may be excluded from this requirement: the terminal posts and threaded
sockets, the electrically conductive pads, the electrically insulating material around the
electrically conductive pads, the communication interface, the overpressure relief device(s), the
air pressure equalization port, the handles, fasteners or screws attaching the base to the lid,
identification markings, warning markings, and instructions (see 4.4.2.1).
3.4.2 Marking, general. Identification markings shall be securely and permanently

attached to the battery. Conformance shall be determined by examination and testing for the
defects with standard equipment in accordance with 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2. The front of the battery
shall have a label with the information specified in 3.4.3.1 (see figure 2). The sides of the battery
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shall be marked with “6T Li-ion” with letters approximately 25mm in height (see figure 3). The
side(s) of the battery which have an overpressure relief device shall also have a label prohibiting
removal of the overpressure relief device and include the warning marking of “Upon rupture, hot
gases and flame may escape from this area” (see figure 3). The top of the battery shall have the
following markings:
a. A specific warning label prohibiting removal of the air pressure equalization port
and the communication interface (see figure 7).
b. A label with removable tabs for identifying the "in-service" date (month and year)
(see figure 7).
c. The lot number in accordance with SAE AS478.
d. A label with the information specified in 3.4.3.3 (see figure 7).
3.4.2.1 Marking print and color. Each battery shall be provided with a permanent,
legible hot-stamped, engraved, etched, decal, label, name plate, or case color contrasting printed
marking (black or white) as specified herein and that shall be legible throughout all tests. The
identification markings shall use a type size not less than 4.2 mm and the warning markings shall
use a type size not less than 6.3 mm. Direct printing on the battery is the preferred method. The
markings may be placed on more than one surface. Lettering shall be without serifs (sans-serif)
(see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
3.4.2.2 Permanence and durability. Markings examined on received samples and those
undergoing the tests in 4.4 shall show no evidence of blistering, delamination, separation,
discoloration, chipping, dissolving, softening, illegibility, corrosion, loosening, splitting, flaking,
cracking, peeling, warping, or fading (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
3.4.3 Identification markings.
3.4.3.1 Battery identification marking. The battery identification marking shall contain
the following information. The manufacturer shall fill in the information in brackets as shown
below. Abbreviations in accordance with ASME Y14.38 and acronyms are permitted.
Placement of the statements shown below is flexible (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
a. BATTERY, RECHARGEABLE
b. Battery Identification Lithium Ion, Non-spillable, Chemistry: [Lithium Iron

Phosphate – FeP, Lithium Mixed Metal Oxide – MMO], CLASSIFICATION: [1-A55, 1-A75, 1-
B55, 1-B90, 2-A55, 2-A75, or 2-B90][LL (if approved as long life)]
c. Designation [Military and SAE, when applicable].
d. MIL Part No. or PIN :
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e. Battery Voltage: 24 Volts
f. Full Capacity Rating [_Ah] @ 1C rate: [Full charge capacity from table I.]
g. Full Capacity Rating [_Wh] @ 1C rate: [Max capacity defined by the manufacturer]
h. Cranking Amps at -18, -32, and -40 °C:
i. NSN:
j. Manufacturer’s Battery Part Number:
k. Contract or Order Number:
l. Date of Manufacture and Lot Code:
m. Unique Serial Number:
n. MFG Warranty Details:
o. Manufacturer:
p. Manufacturer's CAGE code:
q. MFG Location:
r. Battery weight in pounds:
3.4.3.1.1 Date of battery manufacture and lot code. The lot code shown shall indicate
the month, year, and lot number of manufacture of the battery by means of a six digit number in
which the first two digits shall indicate the number of the month, the middle two digits shall
indicate the year and the last two digits indicate the inspection lot number. Months earlier than
the tenth month shall be a single digit preceded by "0". A forward slash "/" shall separate the
first two digits from the middle two and a dash "-" shall separate the date code from the lot
number. When a battery is completed during the last three working days of a month or the first
three working days of the subsequent month, the manufacturer is permitted to use either month
as the coded month of manufacture. For example, lot code 04/09-12 indicates the lot was
compiled in April 2009 and was the twelfth lot (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
3.4.3.2 Item unique identification (IUID). Batteries meeting IUID requirements (see
DFARS 252.211-7003) or as specified in the contract or delivery order (see 6.2) shall be marked
with IUID-compliant 2D Data Matrix symbols in accordance with MIL-STD-130. Markings
shall remain legible after all tests (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2). Markings shall be on either side of
the battery. The following core IUID data elements shall be included:
a. IUID Type
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b. Concatenated unique item identifier
c. Issuing agency code
d. Enterprise identification number
e. Original part, lot or batch number
f. Current part number
g. Serial number
h. Item description
i. Contractor cage or DUNS number
j. Contract number
k. CLIN/SLIN/ELIN
l. Acquisition cost
m. Acceptance location code
n. Shipment/acceptance date
o. Ship to code
p. Web link to safety data sheet (SDS)
3.4.3.3 Maintenance advisory tag. Figure 8 is an example of the maintenance advisory

tag. The maintenance advisory tag shall be placed on the top of the battery (see figure 7). The
maintenance advisory tag shall remain legible and remain attached through all testing (see
4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2). Unless otherwise specified in the contract, maintenance advisory tag shall
include the following:
a. Marked “***RECOVERABLE ITEM***”.
b. Marked “ESTIMATED 5 YEAR MINIMUM SERVICE LIFE”.
c. Marked “DO NOT DISPOSE WITHOUT TESTING IAW TB”.
d. Marked “DO NOT FILL/OPEN (NOT USER SERVICABLE)”.
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e. Marked “USE OF APPROVED TESTING AND CHARGING EQUIPMENT IS
REQUIRED”.
f. Marked “IN-SERVICE DATE (MM/YYYY)”. This marking shall be a box with

write-in space for the install date, and shall also include removable tabs for the install date.
g. Box marked “CHECK IF RETEST FAILS”. This marking shall be a box with
write-in space.
h. Yellow background.
3.4.4 Instructions and notes. The back of each battery shall be marked with complete
instructions for operation and charging of the battery. The instructions and notes tag shall
remain legible and remain attached through all testing (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2). The instructions
and notes tag shall include the following:
a. Preferred charging method
b. Alternate charging method if applicable
c. Storage
d. Maintenance (e.g. charge periodically)
3.4.5 Warning markings. All warning markings shall remain legible and remain
attached through all testing (see 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.2).
3.4.5.1 General warning markings. The following warning markings shall appear in
capital letters on the top of each battery:
a. DO NOT INSTALL LITHIUM ION BATTERIES WITH 12 VOLT LEAD ACID

BATTERIES.
b. CAUTION: LITHIUM ION BATTERY. RECHARGE PER

AUTHORIZED/APPROVED INSTRUCTIONS.
c. DO NOT CRUSH, MUTILATE, SHORT CIRCUIT, REVERSE POLARITY,

DISASSEMBLE, BURN, OR DISPOSE OF IN TRASH.
d. CONTACT EMERGENCY SERVICES IF THERE IS INDICATION OF

VENTING, BURNING, BULGING, LOCALIZED DISCOLORATION, LEAKAGE, ODORS,
OR THE BATTERY IS EXTREMELY HOT TO THE TOUCH.
3.4.5.2 Hazard severity labels. The following warning labels shall appear on the top of
batteries having a SAE J2464 Hazard Severity of greater than 4 for any tests except for battery
projectile penetration.
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a. CAUTION: DO NOT INSTALL IN VEHICLES APPROVED ONLY FOR TYPE 1

BATTERIES.
b. BATTERY CAN PRODUCE FIRE OR FLAME IF ABUSED.
The following warning label shall appear on the top of batteries having a SAE J2464
Hazard Severity of 4 or less for all tests except for battery projectile penetration.
a. BATTERY CAN PRODUCE FIRE OR FLAME IF ABUSED.
3.5 Operating requirements.
3.5.1 Dielectric strength and insulation resistance. The battery and its components shall
be tested as specified in 4.4.4. The dielectric strength or leakage current shall not be greater than
0.5 milliamperes RMS and the insulation resistance between them shall not be less than 10
megaohms.
3.5.2 Operating and storage temperature range. The battery shall be required to operate
over the following temperature range: -46 to 71 °C. The battery shall be capable of being stored
over the following temperature range: -54 to 88 °C. When tested in accordance with 4.4.5, the
battery full charge capacity shall not decrease more than 10 percent from the full charge capacity
at the start of the test.
3.5.3 Battery voltage. The operational voltage range shall comply with
MIL-STD-1275, except minimum cranking voltage as defined in table I. Vendor certification
shall be required.
3.5.4 Full charge capacity. Each fully charged battery shall yield a full charge capacity
of not less than that specified in table I when tested in accordance with 4.4.6.1. After testing,
batteries shall meet the inspection criteria of 3.16 and the dimensional and weight requirements
of 3.3.2. The cell or battery temperature shall not exceed the temperature defined by the
manufacturer for their battery over-temperature protection as specified in 3.11.2.4 at any time
during a capacity test.
3.5.5 Cranking amps. Fully charged batteries shall be capable of maintaining cranking
amps as specified in table I when tested as specified in 4.4.6.2. During the cranking tests above
0 °C, the voltage shall not drop below the cranking surge voltage as specified in MIL-STD-1275;
otherwise the voltage shall not drop below the voltage specified in table I. After test, the battery
shall exhibit a minimum terminal voltage as specified in 3.5.3.
3.5.6 Deep cycle life. The battery shall maintain at least 70 percent of the baseline full
charge capacity as determined in 4.4.6.3 during the complete deep cycle life test. The battery
shall successfully complete 1000, 100-percent depth of discharge cycles at 38±3 °C, when tested
as specified in 4.4.6.3. During any cycle, if the battery does not maintain at least 70 percent of
full charge capacity, that cycle shall be considered a failed cycle and shall be repeated. The
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battery is permitted 10 failed cycles in total during the test. If more than 10 failed cycles occur,
or any failed cycles occur consecutively, the test shall be considered a failure.
3.5.7 High temperature deep cycle life. The battery shall maintain at least 70 percent of
the baseline full charge capacity as determined in 4.4.6.4 during the complete high temperature
deep cycle life test. The battery shall successfully complete 500, 100-percent depth of discharge
cycles at 50±3 °C, when tested as specified in 4.4.6.4. During any cycle, if the battery does not
maintain at least 70 percent of full charge capacity, that cycle shall be considered a failed cycle
and shall be repeated. The battery is permitted 5 failed cycles in total during the test. If more
than 5 failed cycles occur, or any failed cycles occur consecutively, the test shall be considered a
failure.
3.5.8 Retention of charge. Following not less than 90 calendar days in the Operational
State (see 3.6.6.3) with the master power switch “Off” at 40 °C and -18 °C batteries shall provide
pulse load rating specified in table I, when tested as specified in 4.4.6.5.
3.5.9 Battery storage life. Each battery shall be capable of not less than two years of
warehouse storage, without any maintenance during storage, at a temperature of 22±5 °C (vendor
certification required). Batteries stored after full charge in accordance with 4.4.9, under the
above conditions shall not lose more than 20 percent of the full charge capacity of the battery, as
determined by 4.4.6.1, at the end of a 180 day storage period. The full charge capacity, as
defined in table I, shall be recoverable upon recharge after the 180 day storage period (see 4.4.7).
3.5.10 Battery service life. The battery service life shall be five years when operated
under normal conditions (see 4.3.1.1). Test in accordance with section 4.4.8.
3.5.11 Charging. Each battery shall be capable of charging from the vehicle electrical
power bus defined in MIL-STD-1275. See 4.4.9 for verification.
3.5.11.1 Charge acceptance. The battery shall be capable of being recharged to 90

percent of full charge capacity, in accordance with table I, within 1 hour starting from 0 percent
state of charge at 22±5 °C. The battery shall be capable of being recharged to 100 percent of full
charge capacity, in accordance with table I, within 1.5 hours starting from 0 percent state of
charge at 22±5 °C. See 4.4.9.1 for verification.
3.5.11.2 Rapid charging. The battery shall be capable of being recharged to 90 percent
of full charge capacity in accordance with table I, from a 300 amp charging supply starting from
zero percent state of charge at 22±5 °C. The charge is to be terminated at the rapid charge time
in accordance with table I. See 4.4.9.2 for verification.
3.5.12 Jump start power export. The battery when installed in a vehicle shall not
prevent the vehicle from exporting power to jump start another like vehicle. The activation of
safety protections (see 3.6.3.3) are not considered a failure of this requirement. Vendor
certification is required. See section 4.4.10 for verification.
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3.5.13 Jump start power import. The battery when installed in a vehicle shall not
prevent the vehicle from importing power to allow a jump start from another like vehicle. The
activation of safety protections (see 3.6.3.3) are not considered a failure of this requirement.
Vendor certification is required. See section 4.4.11 for verification.
3.6 Battery management system (BMS).
3.6.1 BMS requirements. The battery shall contain an integrated battery management
system (BMS). The BMS shall not add volume to the battery that exceeds the dimensional
limitations in 3.3.2. Battery firmware shall comply with Motor Industry Software Reliability
Association (MISRA), SEI CERT, or equivalent software development guidelines. Exceptions
to software development guidelines shall be approved by the Qualifying Activity. Manufacturer
certification shall be required. See 4.5.1 for verification.
3.6.2 BMS power. The BMS shall be powered internally from the battery’s cells and
support being powered externally through the battery power terminals in case of insufficient
power from the battery cells, by a MIL-STD-1275 28 V bus. Vendor certification shall be
required. See 4.5.2 for verification method.
3.6.3 BMS features. The battery shall support all, but is not limited to, the following
BMS features:
3.6.3.1 Monitoring. The battery shall be capable of measuring and communicating

battery voltage, battery internal temperatures, and current into or out of the battery. The battery
shall be capable of calculating and communicating state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH),
capacity (same as the amount of capacity remaining used in SOC), and time remaining. See
4.5.3.1 for verification method.
3.6.3.2 Equalization. The battery shall perform equalization to properly balance cells,
strings, and modules as appropriate to maintain cell life and safety. The battery shall be capable
of equalizing the cells at a minimum rate of two percent of the rated full charge capacity of the
battery per hour (see table I). At the end of equalization, the difference between the maximum
and minimum cell voltages shall not exceed 25 mV. Vendor certification shall be required. See
3.6.3.3 Safety protections. The battery shall be protected from, but not limited to, the
following conditions. See 4.5.3.3 for verification method.
a. Overcharge
b. Overdischarge
c. Overcurrent or short-circuit
d. Over-temperature
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e. Low temperature charge protection
3.6.3.4 Enable/disable automatic heaters. The battery shall accept a command on the
CAN bus to enable and disable the automatic heating function. Refer to the Appendix A of this
specification for further information regarding messages on the CAN bus and its formatting. See
3.6.3.5 Contactor(s). The battery shall have a resettable subcomponent(s) with the
ability to interrupt and prevent electric current flow through the battery terminals, referred to in
this specification as a contactor. The contactor(s) shall be controlled automatically by the BMS.
The battery shall accept a command on the CAN bus to alter the state of the contactor. Refer to
the Appendix A of this specification for further information regarding messages on the CAN bus
and its formatting. The contactor(s) shall be able to switch a minimum of 100,000 times. See
3.6.4 Communication interface. The battery shall transmit and receive messages on the
CAN bus. The battery shall meet the requirements of SAE J1939 and ISO 11898. Additional
information is available in ISO 11898-1 and ISO 11898-2. The communication interface
provides the main vehicle interface with the battery. See 4.5.4 for verification method.
3.6.4.1 Configuration pins. The battery shall use specified configuration pins as a
means to configure required features (see table II). Refer to Appendix A of this specification for
further information regarding the use of configuration pins. See 4.5.4.1 for verification method.
3.6.4.2 Position identity. The battery shall have a position identity. The purpose of the
position identity is for the battery to determine and report the battery’s position when multiple
6T Li-ion batteries are installed in the vehicle. The position identity shall be determined using
configuration pins on the communication interface. Refer to the Appendix A of this
specification for further information regarding the use of CAN and configuration pins on the
battery communication interface. See 4.5.4.2 for verification method.
3.6.4.3 Dual CAN interfaces. The battery shall be capable of communicating on two
independent CAN buses with separate interface connections. One CAN bus interface shall be
primary and the other secondary. Refer to the Appendix A of this specification for further
information regarding the use of the battery CAN communication interfaces. See 4.5.4.3 for
3.6.4.4 Baud rate. The primary and secondary CAN bus interfaces of the battery shall
be able to communicate at a selectable rate of 250 Kbps, 500 Kbps, and 1 Mbps determined
using configuration pins on the communication interface. Refer to the Appendix A of this
specification for further information regarding the use of CAN and configuration pins on the
battery communication interface. See 4.5.4.4 for verification method.
3.6.4.5 NAME. The battery shall be able to communicate the SAE J1939 NAME on
the CAN bus in accordance with SAE J1939. The battery shall support modifying the fields of
the battery NAME in maintenance state using the NAME management (NM) message. The
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NAME function instance field shall be equal to the position identity value (see 3.6.4.2) by
default. See 4.5.4.5 for verification method.
3.6.4.6 Preferred source address. The battery shall use a preferred source address based
on its position identity, as show in table III. See 4.5.4.6 for verification method.
TABLE III. Preferred source addresses.
Position identity Source address

0 246
1 245
2 244
3 243
4 242
5 241
6 240
7 239
8 238
9 237
10 236
11 235
12 234
13 233
14 232
15 254
3.6.4.6.1 Arbitrary address capable. The battery shall be arbitrary address capable as
specified in SAE J1939. The battery shall also allow enabling or disabling arbitrary address
capability using the NM message in accordance with SAE J1939-81, and update the NAME
arbitrary address capable field accordingly. See 4.5.4.6.1 for verification method.
3.6.4.6.2 Service configurable source address. The battery shall use a service
configurable source address that can be configured by the commanded address (CA) message as
the preferred source address in the Maintenance State. When a commanded address message is
received on the CAN bus to change the preferred source address, the battery shall disable
arbitrary address capability and update the NAME arbitrary address capable field. Refer to the
Appendix A of this specification for further information regarding the information on the CAN
bus and its formatting. See 4.5.4.6.2 for verification method.
3.6.4.7 Termination resistance. The battery shall not be the terminating device or
provide a termination resistance on the CAN bus interfaces. See 4.5.4.7 for verification method.
3.6.4.8 Firmware update over CAN bus. In the Maintenance State, the battery shall
allow full firmware update on the CAN bus. The battery firmware update method shall be able
to be performed while battery is connected to a vehicle CAN bus. The update procedure shall
not require the battery to be disconnected from the vehicle CAN bus. The time needed to
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transmit the firmware over the CAN bus shall not exceed 15 minutes. See 4.5.4.8 for verification
method. See Appendix A for more information regarding firmware updates.
3.6.5 Monitoring performance characteristics. The performance characteristics of the

battery are listed in table IV.
TABLE IV. Performance characteristics.
Data Range Resolution Error Notes

100 = fully charged
State of charge (%) 0 to 100 0.5 ±5 SOC
0 = empty
100 = fully healthy
State of health (%) 0 to 100 0.5 ±5 SOH
0 = unhealthy
Calculated full
capacity of the battery
Capacity (Ah) 0 to 250 1 ±3
at present conditions
at the 1C rate.
Voltage across
Battery voltage (V) 0 to 33 0.05 ±0.1 external power
terminals.
+ value = battery
< -400±5
charging
Battery current (A) 0 to ±1,600 0.05 -400 to 400±1
- value = battery
> 400±5
discharging
Internal battery Convert and report
-55 to 105 1 ±2
temperature (°C) also in °F.
0 – 60
Time remaining
(discharge 0.1 N/A
(hours)
only)
Bus voltage request Requested voltage for
0 to 33 0.05 N/A
(V) charging the battery.
Open circuit Predicted open circuit
0 to 33 0.05 ±1
voltage (V) voltage, under load.
Internal pack Voltage across
0 to 33 0.05 ±0.1
voltage (V) internal cell assembly.
Maximum charge
Maximum charge current while
0 to 300 0.05 -3/+0
current (A) maintaining functions
in Operational State.
Power capability
estimation for 10 0 to 64255 1 N/A
and 30 seconds (W)
3.6.5.1 Calculated parameters. Unless specified otherwise, the battery shall compute
and report the following calculated parameters on the CAN bus once every 15 seconds, unless
specified otherwise. The battery shall allow disabling or enabling regular interval messaging in
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Maintenance State, with regular interval messaging enabled by default. The battery shall also be
able to report messages containing calculated parameters on the CAN bus when a request
(RQST) message is received. When responding to requests, the battery shall not transmit
messages at a rate faster than once per second. When request messages are received at a rate
faster than once every 15 seconds for a message containing calculated parameters, except the
open circuit voltage, maximum charge current, or power capability estimation parameters, the
battery shall transmit values from the most recent calculation iteration on the CAN bus. The
battery shall calculate the open circuit voltage estimation and maximum charge current
parameters on the CAN bus at a rate of once per second, and transmit the most recent calculation
on the CAN bus at a selectable message interval rate from 500 milliseconds to 15 seconds. The
battery shall calculate the power capability estimation parameters on the CAN bus at a rate of
once per second, and transmit on the CAN bus at a selectable message interval rate from 1
second to 15 seconds. Refer to the Appendix A of this specification for further information
regarding the data available on the CAN bus and its formatting. See 4.5.5.1 for verification
method.
3.6.5.1.1 State of charge (percent). The estimated state of charge shall be

communicated on the CAN bus. State of charge estimates shall be adjusted for changes in the
battery internal temperature, rate of charge or discharge, and battery health. The maximum value
communicated on the CAN bus for estimated state of charge shall not exceed 100 percent. See
table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.1 for verification method.
3.6.5.1.2 State of health (percent). The estimated state of health shall be communicated
on the CAN bus. The estimated state of health shall be defined as the ratio of the present full
charge capacity of the battery at normal conditions to the rated full charge capacity of table I.
The present full charge capacity at normal conditions shall be calculated by normalizing the full
charge capacity of the battery at present internal battery temperature and the rate of charge or
discharge at the time of calculation to normal conditions. In cases where the present full charge
capacity of the battery at normal conditions exceeds rated full charge capacity of table I, the state
of health shall be reported as 100 percent. See table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.2
for verification method.
3.6.5.1.3 Capacity estimation. The calculated full capacity of the battery at present
conditions at the 1C rate shall be communicated on the CAN bus. See table IV for accuracy
requirement. See 4.5.5.1.3 for verification method.
3.6.5.1.4 Time remaining (at present rate of discharge). The time remaining shall be
communicated on the CAN bus. See table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.4 for
3.6.5.1.5 Bus voltage request (for charging). The bus voltage request shall be
communicated on the CAN bus. See 4.5.5.1.5 for verification method.
3.6.5.1.6 Open circuit voltage. The open circuit voltage shall be communicated on the
CAN bus. See table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.6 for verification method.
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3.6.5.1.7 Maximum charge current. The maximum charge current shall be
communicated on the CAN bus. See table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.7 for
3.6.5.1.8 Power capability estimation. The battery shall calculate and communicate on
the CAN bus the maximum discharge power in watts that the battery can sustain for 10 and 30
seconds while maintaining a voltage above the battery’s terminal cutoff voltage specified in
4.4.6.1 d. See table IV for accuracy requirement. See 4.5.5.1.8 for verification method.
3.6.5.2 Measured parameters. The battery shall measure and report the following
measured parameters on the CAN bus at a selectable message interval rate from 1 second to 15
seconds, unless specified otherwise. The battery voltage and battery current shall be measured at
a rate of once per 500 milliseconds, and transmitted at a selectable rate of 500 milliseconds to 15
seconds. The interval rate for messages containing measured parameters shall be configurable
via CAN message when battery is in Maintenance State, with one second interval rate by default.
The battery shall allow disabling or enabling recurring interval messaging in Maintenance State,
with regular interval messaging enabled by default. The battery shall also be able to report
messages containing measured parameters on the CAN bus when a request (RQST) message is
received. When responding to requests, the battery shall not transmit messages containing
measured parameters at a rate faster than once per second. Refer to the Appendix A of this
specification for further information regarding the information on the CAN bus and its
formatting. See 4.5.5.2 for verification method.
3.6.5.2.1 Battery voltage (V). Battery voltage shall be communicated in accordance

with table IV. See 4.5.5.2.1 for verification method.
3.6.5.2.2 Battery current (A). Battery current shall be communicated in accordance

with table IV. See 4.5.5.2.2 for verification method.
3.6.5.2.3 Internal battery temperature (°C). Internal battery temperature shall be

communicated in accordance with table IV. See 4.5.5.2.3 for verification method.
3.6.5.2.4 Celsius and Fahrenheit support. Measured parameters containing temperature

data shall support reporting in Celsius and Fahrenheit. Refer to the Appendix A of this
formatting. See 4.5.5.2.4 for verification method.
3.6.5.2.5 Internal pack voltage. The internal pack voltage shall be communicated in
accordance with table IV. See 4.5.5.2.5 for verification method.
3.6.5.3 Manufacturer specific parameters. For reported parameters other than the ones
specified in 3.6.5.1 and 3.6.5.2, the parameters shall be reported on the CAN bus at a selectable
rate from 1 second to 15 seconds. The battery shall also be able to report messages containing
manufacturer specific parameters on the CAN bus when a request (RQST) message is received.
The interval rate shall be configurable for each Parameter Group via CAN message when battery
is in Maintenance State, with a default transmission rate of on request (RQST). When
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responding to requests, the battery shall not transmit messages at a rate faster than once per
second in the Operational State. Examples of manufacturer specific parameters are cell voltages
(individual, average, minimum, maximum), temperatures (individual, average, minimum,
maximum) other than internal battery temperature (such as cell temperature, BMS temperature,
contactor temperature, etc.), equalization parameters, built-in test (BIT) results, manufacturer
specific battery configuration messages, etc. CAN messages for manufacturer specific
parameters shall be defined by the battery manufacturer in the address space permitted. Refer to
the Appendix A of this specification for further information regarding the information available
on the CAN bus and its formatting. See 4.5.5.3 for verification method.
3.6.5.3.1 Cell voltages. The battery shall report the values of cell voltages on the CAN
bus. Cell voltage shall be provided for all individual cells, and shall be a reported as a
differential value. Cells at the same potential due to parallel electrical connection are permitted
to be measured and reported as a single grouped cell. See 4.5.5.3.1 for verification method.
3.6.5.3.2 Equalization. The battery shall report the status of battery equalization (see
3.6.3.2) on the CAN bus. Information reported shall include state of equalization (such as
on/off) for each cell (or group of parallel connected cells), and the maximum and minimum
difference between the individual cell (or group of parallel connected cells) voltages in the
battery. See 4.5.5.3.2 for verification method.
3.6.5.3.3 Built-in test (BIT) results. The battery shall report BIT results on the CAN
bus in accordance with 3.6.7. Faults and failures shall be communicated in the form of
diagnostic trouble code (DTC) messages in accordance with SAE J1939 on the CAN bus. See
4.5.5.3.3 for verification method.
3.6.5.3.4 Hardware and software version. The battery shall report the hardware and
software version in accordance with SAE J1939 ECU Identification Information (ECUID) and
Software Identification (SOFT) messages on the CAN bus. Refer to the Appendix A of this
formatting. See 4.5.5.3.4 for verification method.
3.6.5.3.5 Celsius support. Manufacturer Specific messages containing temperature data

shall be reported in Celsius. Refer to the Appendix A of this specification for further
information regarding the information on the CAN bus and its formatting. See 4.5.5.3.5 for
3.6.6 Battery states.
3.6.6.1 Dormant (off) state. The battery shall have a Dormant State for long term
storage. The Dormant State shall be activated and deactivated by the dormant pins on the
communication interface. The battery shall transition to or from the Dormant State when the
change in value on the dormant pins has occurred and remained at a steady value for a minimum
of 500 milliseconds. The transition time to or from the Dormant State shall not exceed 10
seconds. The battery terminals shall not provide electrical power to external loads while in the
Dormant State. The battery shall enter the Dormant State upon the Protected State timeout and
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exit when the dormant pins are cycled by floating and then shorting the pins to common. The
battery shall enter the Dormant State when there is insufficient power to operate the BMS, and
exit the Dormant State when the dormant pins are connected to common and sufficient power is
available on the battery power terminals from an external power source. Refer to Appendix A
for further information regarding the communication interface. See 4.5.6.1 for verification
method.
3.6.6.2 Initialize state. Upon exiting the Dormant State, the battery shall enter the
Initialize State. The time to execute initialization and transition to the Operational State shall not
exceed 10 seconds. The battery shall run a power-up built-in test (PBIT) at least once during the
Initialize State and store the results. See 4.5.6.2 for verification method.
3.6.6.3 Operational state. When the battery enters the Operational State after exiting
the Initialize State, the battery shall perform address claim procedures in accordance with SAE
J1939 to allow communication to proceed on the CAN interfaces. In the Operational State, the
battery shall report the battery’s parameters with a regular interval when the master power switch
is “On”. In the Operational State, the battery shall report the battery’s parameters in response to
a RQST message. The battery shall not report CAN messages with a regular interval when the
master power switch is “Off”. The battery shall accept Configuration Messages while in the
Operational State, but shall only permit configuration parameter changes that are allowed outside
the Maintenance State. When entering the Operational State and the master power switch is
“On”, or while in the Operational State and the master power switch changes from “Off” to
“On”, the battery shall report CAN messages with battery voltage, battery current, battery
internal temperature, state of charge, state of health, capacity estimation, time remaining, and
BIT results and complete transmission in a time not to exceed one second on the CAN bus that is
open for transmission. If calculated parameters cannot be calculated within this time period, the
battery shall report the values from the most recent measurement cycle. Measurement and
calculation of the battery’s parameters shall occur as often as necessary to track changes in
battery condition, comply with the measurement accuracy specified in table IV, update and
report battery parameters for CAN communication, and comply with Battery Safety 3.11.2. The
battery shall run continuous built-in test (CBIT) as often as necessary to comply with 3.6.7, and
CBIT execution shall not interfere with the normal operation of the battery. The battery
terminals shall always be able to provide electrical power to external loads while in the
Operational State, except when the battery configuration message with “Command Contactor(s)”
parameter set to “Open Contactor(s)” is received on the CAN bus, or standby is enabled
(3.6.6.3.1). The battery shall remain in the Operational State as long as the battery voltage is in
the acceptable range (see 3.5.3) and safety limits have not been exceeded. See 4.5.6.3 for
3.6.6.3.1 Standby. Vendor certification is required. The battery shall not provide nor
accept electrical power through the battery terminals in the Operational State when standby is
enabled. The battery shall meet all other requirements of the Operational State (see 3.6.6.3)
when standby is enabled. Standby shall be enabled by the battery configuration message when
the battery is in the Operational State, and shall not be enabled in other battery states. The
vendor shall certify that the battery meets the retention of charge requirement (see 3.5.8) when
standby is enabled and the master power switch is “Off” for the duration of the standby. When
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the battery configuration message parameter “Standby” has value “Enable Standby” and
parameter “Standby Suspend Period” has value 0 minutes or NA, the battery shall complete
actions for standby within one second of receiving the command and provide acknowledgement.
When the battery configuration message parameter “Standby” has value “Enable Standby” and
parameter “Standby Suspend Period” has value one minute or greater, the battery shall wait the
amount of time equal to the standby suspend period, and complete actions for standby within one
second of the end of the period. The battery shall disable standby, report CAN messages with
battery voltage, battery current, battery internal temperature, state of charge, state of health,
capacity estimation, time remaining, and BIT results and complete transmission in a time not to
exceed one second on the CAN bus that is open for transmission, and provide voltage at the
battery power terminals within two seconds when one of the following occur:
a. The master power switch changes from “Off” to “On”.
b. Battery configuration message parameter “Standby” has a value of “Disable

Standby”.
c. Battery configuration message parameter “Reset” has value of “Hard Reset”, “Soft
Reset” or “Reset Protection”.
d. Battery configuration message parameter “Command Contactor(s)” has a value of

“Open Contactor(s)” or “Automatic Contactor Operation”.
e. The battery transitions out of the “Operational State”.
3.6.6.4 Maintenance state. The battery shall enter the Maintenance State when it
receives the Maintenance State command on the CAN bus. The battery shall transmit regular
interval messages on the CAN bus when the master power switch is “On”, except during a
firmware update. The Maintenance State shall have a firmware update capability. The
Maintenance State shall accept and execute Configuration messages transferred over the CAN
bus, including configuration parameters that are only permitted when the battery is in the
Maintenance State. The battery shall exit the Maintenance State when it receives the Exit
Maintenance State command over the CAN bus, or timeout of five minutes occurs since the last
CAN message addressed to battery was sent. See 4.5.6.4 for verification method.
3.6.6.5 Protected state. The battery shall enter the Protected State when a condition
occurs that may cause the battery to operate outside its safety protections (see 3.6.3.3). The
battery shall not provide electrical power at the battery’s terminals to external loads when in the
Protected State. The battery shall transmit regular interval messages on the CAN bus when the
master power switch is “On”. The battery shall send out warning and other information
regarding the Protected State over the CAN bus according to Appendix A. The battery shall
communicate this information before transitioning to the Protected State, when doing so does not
present a safety hazard. The battery shall communicate any applicable faults using diagnostic
trouble codes (DTCs). The battery shall transition out of the Protected State when the battery
senses that the fault condition has been removed. For faults that cannot be removed
automatically or for faults that have a timeout period, the battery shall attempt to transition out of
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the Protected State when one of the following reset protection methods are used: the battery
configuration message parameter “Reset” has a value of “Reset Protection”, the master power
switch changes from “Off” to “On”, or the battery transitions through the Dormant State and
completes the Initialize State following a fault occurrence. Figure 9 is a visual representation of
the battery state map. See 4.5.6.5 for verification method. Faults requiring a timeout period in
excess of 30 seconds shall require approval by the Qualifying Activity.
3.6.6.5.1 Protected state timeout. When the battery is in the Protected State and the
battery is unable to remove the fault condition that is preventing the battery from returning to the
Operational State or clear the fault with a reset protection method, the battery shall transition to
the Dormant State when the master power switch has been in the “Off” state for at least 24 hours.
3.6.7 Built-in tests. The battery shall have provisions to perform built-in tests (BIT) to
indicate that the battery and its subsystems are operating properly. BIT shall be performed by
means as described below. The battery state of health and state of charge shall be checked when
the BIT is performed. BIT diagnostics shall be capable of isolating faults and failures at least to
the following ambiguity groups: cells, sensors or battery management system.
3.6.7.1 Power-up built-in test (PBIT). PBIT shall execute automatically as the battery
enters the Initialize State. The PBIT shall execute within the time duration of the Initialize State
(see 3.6.6.2). See 4.5.7.1 for verification method.
3.6.7.2 Continuous built-in test (CBIT). CBIT shall periodically run under BMS
control. CBIT shall not degrade the performance of the battery. See 4.5.7.2 for verification
method.
3.6.7.3 BIT diagnostics probability. BIT diagnostics shall meet 95 percent probability
of detecting all battery faults. Manufacturer certification shall be required. See 4.5.7.3 for
3.6.8 Long term fault data storage. Long term data recording of battery fault data shall
be stored in non-volatile memory. Long term fault data storage shall support recording the most
recent 96 hours of critical fault data. See 4.5.8 for verification method.
3.6.9 Short term fault data storage . Short term fault data shall be stored in volatile or
non-volatile memory. See 4.5.9 for verification method.
3.7 Surges, spikes, and starting operation.
3.7.1 Voltage surges. Voltage surges exported by the battery shall be within the limits
specified in MIL-STD-1275. The battery shall be capable of importing voltage surges within the
limits specified in MIL-STD-1275. The battery shall not cause any excursion outside these
limits nor cause damage to other equipment designed to tolerate transients within these limits nor
be damaged by surges within these limits. See 4.6.1 for verification method.
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3.7.2 Voltage spikes. Voltage spikes exported by the battery shall be within the limits
specified in MIL-STD-1275. The battery shall be capable of importing voltage spikes within the
limits specified in MIL-STD-1275. The battery shall not cause any excursion outside exported
limits nor cause damage to other equipment designed to tolerate transients within these limits nor
be damaged by spikes within imported limits. See 4.6.2 for verification method.
3.7.3 Starting operation. The battery management system shall be capable of operation
when subjected to the engine starting disturbance limits of the Starting operation section of
MIL-STD-1275 without degradation or damage. See 4.6.3 for verification method.
3.7.3.1 Starting current. The battery shall be capable of providing, at a minimum, the
starting current shown in figure 10. See 4.6.4 for verification method.
3.8 Environmental. After being subjected to each one of the environmental tests listed
in table V, the battery shall meet the visual and mechanical inspection criteria defined in 3.16
and the full charge capacity requirement defined in 3.5.4. The battery in its fully charged state
shall meet the battery voltage requirements as defined in 3.5.3.
TABLE V. Environmental requirements.
Tests Test paragraph

Low pressure, altitude 4.7.1.1
Rapid decompression 4.7.1.2
Attitude 4.7.2
Temperature shock 4.7.3
Mechanical shock 4.7.4
Vibration 4.7.5
Immersion 4.7.6
Humidity 4.7.7
Blowing dust 4.7.8
Salt atmosphere 4.7.9
Fluid susceptibility 4.7.10
Explosive atmosphere 4.7.11
3.8.1 Altitude.
3.8.1.1 Altitude, operating & non-operating. When tested as specified in 4.7.1.1, the
battery shall meet the requirements defined in 3.8. The battery shall not have mass loss of
greater than 0.5 percent after completion of the tests.
3.8.1.2 Rapid decompression. When tested as specified in 4.7.1.2, the battery shall
meet the requirements defined in 3.8. The battery shall not have mass loss of greater than 0.5
percent after completion of the test.
3.8.2 Attitude. When tested as specified in 4.7.2, the battery shall meet the
requirements defined in 3.8. The battery shall be designed for operation in any orientation.
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3.8.3 Temperature shock. The battery shall be designed to withstand sudden changes in
the temperature range between the low storage temperature and high storage temperature
extremes in accordance with ATPD 2404. When tested in accordance with 4.7.3, the battery
shall meet the visual and mechanical inspection criteria defined in 3.16.
3.8.4 Mechanical shock. When tested as specified in 4.7.4, the battery shall meet the
requirements defined in 3.8.
3.8.5 Vibration. The battery and its subcomponents shall be capable of withstanding
vibration environments without sustaining physical or electrical damage. The battery shall
maintain a steady voltage and current without loosening of terminal posts, electrolyte/cell
leakage, broken connections (damage to wiring, circuit boards, or BMS), broken straps or cells,
movement or disassembly of cells, any smoking or evidence of thermal instability, or other
damage. When tested as specified in 4.7.5, the battery shall meet the requirements defined in
3.8.
3.8.6 Immersion. The battery shall be designed to withstand complete water

immersion. When tested in accordance with 4.7.6, the battery shall meet the requirements
defined in 3.8. In addition, it shall show no evidence of leakage of water into cases, and shall
exhibit weight gain of not greater than 0.1 percent.
3.8.7 Humidity. The battery shall be capable of operating at a relative humidity from 0
percent to 100 percent including condensation. When tested in accordance with 4.7.7, it shall
meet the requirements defined in 3.8. The battery capacity shall not degrade more than three
percent from the start of the test.
3.8.8 Blowing sand and dust. When tested in accordance with 4.7.8, the battery shall
meet the requirements defined in 3.8.
3.8.9 Salt atmosphere. When tested in accordance with 4.7.9, the battery shall meet the
requirements defined in 3.8. Capacities measured before and after test shall be within three
percent of each other.
3.8.10 Fluid susceptibility. When tested in accordance with 4.7.10, the battery shall
meet the requirements defined in 3.8. Capacities measured before and after test shall be within
three percent of each other.
3.8.11 Explosive atmosphere. The battery shall be able to successfully pass the test
defined in 4.7.11.
3.9 Electromagnetic compatibility/interference. When tested in accordance with 4.8,

the battery shall meet the requirements of CE102, CS101, CS114, CS115, CS116, RE102, and
RS103 of MIL-STD-461. When applicable to verify operation of the battery, the battery shall be
placed on a resistive load of 3±0.15 ohm and maintain discharge without interruption during the
test. During susceptibility tests, the operational performance of the battery shall not be degraded,
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nor shall it malfunction. Capacities measured before and after test shall be within three percent
of each other. Vendor certification shall be required for compliance to applicable requirements of
MIL-STD-464 once the batteries are placed in a system. See test defined in 4.8.
3.10 Electrostatic discharge. Batteries shall withstand ESD to ±8 kV contact discharge

and an air discharge of ±15 kV from a 150 picofarad capacitor source through a 330 ohm resistor
in accordance with MIL-STD-461 CS118 on any surface, panel component or connector,
including exposed pins, in both operating and non-operating mode. See test defined in 4.9.
3.11 Safety.
3.11.1 Cell safety.
3.11.1.1 Cell safety abuse tests. The cell shall be characterized in accordance with
SAE J2464 and the corresponding Hazard Severity Level reported to the Qualifying Activity.
See 4.10.1.1 for verification method.
3.11.1.1.1 Cell overcharge. Cell shall be characterized in accordance with the

Overcharge Test (Cell and Module or Pack) section of SAE J2464. See 4.10.1.1.1 for
3.11.1.1.2 Cell short circuit. Cell shall be characterized in accordance with the Short
Circuit Tests (Cell and Module or Pack) section of SAE J2464. See 4.10.1.1.2 for verification
method.
3.11.1.1.3 Cell overdischarge. Cell shall be characterized in accordance with the

Overdischarge (Forced Discharge) Test (Cell Level and Module) section of SAE J2464. See
3.11.1.1.4 Cell penetration. Cell shall be characterized in accordance with the

Penetration Test (Cell Level or above) section of SAE J2464. Characterization shall be
performed at a minimum of 100 percent state of charge, and at 50 percent state of charge. See
3.11.1.1.5 Cell crush. Cell shall be characterized in accordance with the Crush Test
(Cell Level or above) section of SAE J2464. See 4.10.1.1.5 for verification method.
3.11.1.2 Cell leakage. Cells used to build batteries shall not be subject to leakage in
storage or use. After testing, cells shall not exhibit leakage indicated by presence of liquid, or
solid deposits; additionally, mass loss of test samples shall be not greater than 0.1 percent. See
3.11.2 Battery Safety.
3.11.2.1 Battery overcurrent protection. When tested in accordance with 4.10.2.1, the
battery shall meet the visual and mechanical inspection criteria defined in 3.16 and the full
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charge capacity requirement defined in 3.5.4. Capacities measured before and after test shall be
within three percent of each other. The battery shall meet the open circuit voltage requirement of
3.5.3 upon removal of the short circuit.
3.11.2.2 Battery overcharge.
3.11.2.2.1 Overcharge abuse. See 4.10.2.2 for verification method
a. Type 1. The battery shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 4.
b. Type 2. The battery shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 6.
3.11.2.2.2 Overcharge protection. With BMS active and not bypassed, batteries shall
be capable of withstanding overcharge conditions. When tested as specified in 4.10.2.3, batteries
shall not exceed the voltage limit specified in 3.5.3. Additionally, before and after test, the full
charge capacities shall be within three percent of each other.
3.11.2.3 Battery overdischarge protection. Batteries shall provide protection against

overdischarge conditions without burning, disassembly, or other failure. When tested as
specified in 4.10.2.4 batteries shall not exceed the voltage limit specified in 3.5.3 during
overdischarge. Additionally, before and after test, the full charge capacities shall be within three
percent of each other.
3.11.2.4 Battery over temperature protection. Each battery shall prevent operation
when the battery exceeds temperature defined by manufacturer to ensure safety under conditions
of high temperature, overcharge, misuse, or any combination thereof. When tested as specified
in 4.10.2.5 the batteries shall meet the capacity requirement of 3.5.4 after dropping below the
manufacturers defined over temperature limit.
3.11.2.5 Battery low temperature charge protection. Each battery shall prevent
charging at a temperature which would degrade battery safety or life. When tested as specified
in 4.10.2.6 the batteries shall meet the capacity requirement of 3.5.4 after reaching safe charge
temperature.
3.11.2.6 Battery impact resistance (non-metallic battery case only). When tested as
specified in 4.10.2.7 the empty and sealed nonmetallic battery case shall meet the requirements
of 3.3.5.1.
3.11.2.7 Battery abuse.
3.11.2.7.1 Battery crush.
a. Type 1. Battery shall be characterized in accordance with the Crush Test (Cell Level
or above) section of SAE J2464, and shall not exceed a Hazard Severity Level 4. See 4.10.2.8.1
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b. Type 2. Battery shall be characterized in accordance with the Crush Test (Cell Level
or above) section of SAE J2464, and shall not exceed a Hazard Severity Level 6. See 4.10.2.8.1
3.11.2.7.2 Battery penetration.
a. Type 1. Batteries shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 4 when their
battery cases are penetrated by nail. Batteries shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity
Level 6 when their battery cases are penetrated by projectile. During projectile penetration
testing, the battery shall fail to meet this requirement if Hazard Severity Level is exceeded during
testing. See 4.10.2.8.2 for verification method.
b. Type 2. Batteries shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 6 when their
battery cases are penetrated by nail. Batteries shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard Severity
Level 6 when their battery cases are penetrated by projectile. During projectile penetration
testing, the battery shall fail to meet this requirement if Hazard Severity Level is exceeded during
testing. See 4.10.2.8.2 for verification method.
3.11.2.7.3 Battery drop low height. The battery shall be capable of withstanding drops
at extreme temperature conditions. When tested in accordance with 4.10.2.8.3, the batteries shall
meet the inspection criteria defined in 3.16 and the full charge capacity requirements defined in
3.5.4. Full charge capacities before and after the test shall be within three percent of each other.
3.11.2.7.4 Battery drop high height. The battery shall not exceed SAE J2464 Hazard
Severity Level 2 when dropped at extreme temperature conditions. Cell leakage as defined by
SAE J2464 Hazard Severity Level 3 is acceptable when confined to the battery case. Venting is
not allowed. See 4.10.2.8.4 for verification method.
3.12 Lithium battery safety program (U.S. Navy). The vendor shall provide
certification that the battery Type, Class, and Sub-class used for qualification has been evaluated
under Navy S9310-AQ-SAF-010. Production of these batteries may be modified under direction
of Navy test facility to accommodate required testing. See 4.11 for verification method.
3.13 Charger compatibility. Batteries shall be capable of correctly powering and

interfacing with MIL-STD-1275 compliant systems and chargers. The charger shall provide 28.5
+0.25/-0.50 V delivered to the input power terminal of the battery which meets requirements of
MIL-STD-1275 (see 4.12).
3.14 Workmanship. Batteries shall be processed in such a manner as to be free from

cracked or displaced parts, sharp edges, burrs, and other defects which will affect life,
serviceability, or appearance (see 4.13).
3.15 Product characteristics.
3.15.1 Paint, protective finishes, and coatings. The battery shall be cleaned, pre-treated,
primed, and top-coated with chemical agent resistant coating (CARC) in accordance with TT-C-
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490 (for all metal cases) and MIL-DTL-53072 (for non-metallic cases requiring CARC paint,
and for all metal cases). No external surfaces of the battery shall be coated with non-CARC
paint, or topcoats. The battery case color shall be in accordance with SAE AMS-STD-595 color
ID 33446. The following battery parts may be excluded from this requirement: the terminal
posts and threaded sockets, the electrically conductive pads, the electrically insulating material
around the electrically conductive pads, the communication interface, the overpressure relief
device(s), the air pressure equalization port, the handles, fasteners or screws attaching the base to
the lid, identification markings, warning markings, and instructions (see 4.4.2.1). Non-metallic
battery cases do not require CARC paint if it meets color requirements without non-CARC paint
or other topcoat. Non-metallic battery cases shall be CARC paintable. See 4.14.1 for
3.15.2 Corrosion resistance. Metals and alloys used for the battery case or exposed
surfaces shall be corrosion resistant or metallurgically processed to resist corrosion. Dissimilar
metal combinations that promote corrosion through galvanic action shall be insulated to prevent
corrosion. See 4.14.2 for verification method.
3.15.3 Electronic assembly acceptability. Electronic assemblies in the battery shall be

constructed to meet IPC-A-610 and IPC J-STD-001 Class 3 acceptability requirements. See
4.14.3 for verification method.
3.15.3.1 Lead-free control plan. When specified in the contract or order (see 6.2), a
lead-free control plan (LFCP) shall be submitted to the contracting office for approval.
GEIA-STD-0005-1 or an equivalent shall be used as a basis for preparation of a LFCP. The plan
shall address all lead-free solders and finishes in delivered item. A LFCP is not required when
lead-free solders and finishes are not used in the delivered item. See 4.14.3 for verification
method.
3.15.3.2 Lead-free risk management. When lead-free solders and finishes are used in
the assembly of the battery, finishes shall be selected such that harmful effects of tin whiskers
resulting from use of lead-free solder shall be addressed and mitigated in accordance with
GEIA-STD-0005-2. At a minimum the following mitigations shall be employed when using
lead-free solder. See 4.14.3 for verification method.
a. Level 2B risk mitigation strategy.
b. Maintain minimum conductor spacing of >457 microns (typically greater than 25 mil
pitch).
c. Use conformal coating. The following coatings are listed in order of perceived
effectiveness for tin whisker mitigation: Parylene, Urethane (UR), Acrylic (AR).
d. If unable to obtain leaded component with spacing of at least 457 microns then:
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(1) Pure tin finishes with less than 457 micron conductor spacing and less than
the gap criteria with conformal coating mitigation as listed below shall be hot
solder dipped in accordance with GEIA-STD-0006.
I. Parylene conformal coating with validated coverage and gap size, prior
to coating, greater than or equal to 150 microns (5.9 mils).
II. UR or AR conformal coating with validated coverage and gap size, prior
to coating, greater than or equal to than 250 microns (9.8 mils).
(2) Non tin or tin alloy finishes with less than 457 micron conductor spacing need
to be approved by the contracting agency (see 6.2).
3.15.3.3 Notification. It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to document all

lead-free parts used (including, but not limited to: termination materials and finishes, printed
wiring board finishes, and assembly materials). This documentation shall be provided to the
Qualifying Activity upon request.
3.15.4 Hazardous materials. Asbestos, beryllium, radioactive materials, hexavalent

chromium, cadmium, mercury, or other highly toxic or carcinogenic materials, as defined in
29 CFR 1910.1200, with the exception of the chemical agent resistant coating (CARC) or if non-
hazardous/non-toxic substitute material will not meet performance requirements, shall not be
used in the manufacture, assembly, operation or sustainment of this system without prior
approval from the Qualifying Activity (see 6.2). Approval will only be granted when valid
technical justification is provided. Class I and Class II ozone depleting substances shall not be
used. Lead shall not be used without prior approval of the Qualifying Activity. The use of
eutectic tin lead solders (Sn60 or Sn63) and beryllium and beryllium alloys for electrical
components may be approved by the Qualifying Activity (see 6.2) without justification.
Hazardous materials requirements shall apply to any components or parts purchased through a
subcontractor or vendor or OEM parts, as well as manufactured parts. See 4.14.4 for verification
method.
3.15.5 Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN). The exterior surfaces of
the battery shall be decontaminable using the procedures and decontaminants identified in
ATP 3-11.23 to negligible risk levels identified in ATPD 2404 after thorough decontamination.
The battery shall not produce a SAE J2464 Hazard Severity of greater than 2 during
decontamination. See 4.14.5 for verification method.
3.16 Defects. The battery shall be free of any defects during incoming or post-test
visual and mechanical inspections (see 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2, 4.15, and table VI). It is recommended
that contracts allow defects in categories 003, 007, 009, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 201, and
202 of table VI be permitted to be reworked during PPI inspection (see 6.2).
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TABLE VI. Visual and mechanical inspection.
Applicable to incoming
Categories
(see 4.4.2.1) or post-test Defects
(see note)
(see 4.4.2.2) inspection
Electrolyte leakage, outside or detectable
001 Both
within the battery.
Improper molding or assembly causing
002 Incoming
parts to be inoperative or unsafe in service.
003 Both Insulation missing or damaged.
004 Both Crazing of glass in glass to metal seals.
Foreign material particles in insulation,
005 Both
potting, or sealing compounds.
Explosion, flame, fire, venting of solid
material, disassembly, cell leakage, or
006 Post-test
rupture of cell or battery within 24 hours
after the completion of the test.
007 Both Improper operation of safety devices.
Abnormal current or voltage fluctuations
during any test. Degradation of electrical
008 Both
performance beyond limits specified by the
test requirements, if applicable.
009 Both Loose contacts or parts in battery.
Deformed (beyond the specified
dimensional limit), damaged or failed parts
101 Both
which are inoperative or malfunction in
service.
Contact surfaces obstructed so that
electrical use is affected. Rust, corrosion,
102 Both
or any type of non-conductive material on
contact surfaces.
Cell or Battery cases: any scratch, gouge,
dent, pitting, blowholes, rough spots, burrs,
103 Incoming
or other deformations on battery surface or
in welds.
Improper case closure: any gap along glued

104 Both
or welded seams.
Terminal markings, identification label or
105 Incoming operating instructions not as specified (see
3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.4.3.3, and 3.4.3.2).
106 Both Marking defects are visible (see 3.4.2).
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TABLE VI. Visual and mechanical inspection - Continued.
Applicable to incoming
Categories
(see 4.4.2.1) or post-test Defects
(see note)
(see 4.4.2.2) inspection
Battery's normal attachment points (i.e.

brackets, flanges, or hold down bars, etc.)
107 Both
shall keep the entire battery intact in the test
fixture or final intended assembly.
Breakdown of insulation, flashover, arcing,

stripping of metal plating from any
108 Both component part, corrosion of metal parts, or
loosening of protective coating from the
battery case.
Marking, scaling, pitting, corrosion,

charring, discolored areas, or other
109 Post-test
deleterious effects on internal and/or
external parts of the cell or battery
201 Incoming Color not as specified.
Peeling, flaking, or chipping of plating or
202 Both
finish.
NOTE: Category 0XX defects are critical; category 1XX are major, and category 2XX are
minor. These categories are used to qualify the levels of nonconformance. Critical defects affect
safety; major defect categories affect use, batteries with minor defects may be serviceable with
limitations.
4. VERIFICATION
4.1 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are

classified as follows:
a. Qualification inspection (see 4.1.1).
b. Conformance inspection (see 4.1.2).
(1) Initial product inspection (IPI) (see 4.1.2.1).

(2) Periodic production inspection (PPI) (see 4.1.2.2)
4.1.1 Qualification inspection. Qualification inspection for inclusion on the qualified

products list (QPL) shall be performed at a laboratory acceptable to the Qualifying Activity. The
contractor shall submit sample units produced with same equipment and procedures used in
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production unless otherwise approved by the Qualifying Activity. Qualification testing shall
consist of the following:
a. Sample cells, sample batteries, modified sample batteries, electronic component

assemblies, and any component parts shall be submitted for testing in the quantity specified in
table VII.
b. Qualification samples shall be subjected to the tests specified in table VII. The
qualification samples shall consist of 14 battery samples, 1 modified battery sample, 5 case
samples (10 case samples if case is non-metallic), and 1 weighted case sample. Additionally,
four battery samples shall be provided as spares.
4.1.1.1 Nonconformance (failures). Nonconformance to any specified requirement, the

failure of any test, or the presence of one or more defects shall be cause for rejection and
constitute failure of qualification inspection and prohibit incorporation of product into any QPL.
4.1.1.2 Successful qualification inspection. Unless otherwise specified in a contract or

purchase order, the successful completion and approval by the Qualifying Activity of
qualification inspection does not relieve a prospective contractor from required samples and
initial production inspection (IPI) requirements from the first production lot using production
design, tooling, and processes, at a location designated or approved by the Qualifying Activity
(see 3.1 and 6.4).
4.1.2 Conformance inspection.
4.1.2.1 Initial production inspection (IPI). Unless otherwise specified in the contract or
order (see 6.2) the contractor shall perform all IPI tests and inspections on production batteries
consisting of test samples from the first production lot using production design, tooling, and
processes, at a place designated or approved by the Qualifying Activity. Quantities and
component parts shall be as specified in table VII. IPI shall be conducted in accordance with the
test requirements specified in table VII, assignment of test samples specified in table VII, and the
descriptive paragraphs in section 4 of this specification. Nonconformance to any specified
requirement of this specification, the failure of any test, or the presence of one or more defects
shall be cause for rejection.
a. The order of testing for IPI shall be established by the contractor and shall be
approved by the Qualifying Activity prior to start of any testing by the contractor. Advance
planning and provisions shall be made to ensure that each item of the test schedule and sequence
shall not have a detrimental effect or preclude the performance of a subsequent test/examination
on any test sample.
b. Appropriate advance notice of the test schedule, location(s), or changes shall be

provided to the Qualifying Activity, contractor, designated test site/facility, and regulatory
agency personnel to allow participation or oversight by each.
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4.1.2.2 Periodic production inspection (PPI). PPI shall be done by the contractor in
accordance with table VII (with Qualifying Activity oversight).
4.1.2.2.1 PPI general requirements. Examination and testing for each lot shall be
completed no later than 21 days from the final day of manufacture of the lot.
4.1.2.2.2 PPI failures. Failure of any sample during examination or testing may be
cause for the Qualifying Activity to refuse to accept that lot, and subsequent lots, until it has
been proven to the Qualifying Activity's satisfaction that appropriate corrective actions have
been implemented.
TABLE VII. Inspection requirements.
Requirement Test method Conformance Sample

Inspection Qual
paragraph paragraph IPI PPI assignment1
Metals 3.2.2 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
Dissimilar metals 3.2.3 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
Potting/sealing compounds, Vendor Cert B1-B14 (all)
3.2.4.1.1 X X
flow and shrinkage (4.4.3)
Insulating compounds for B1-B14 (all)
Vendor Cert
electrical connectors, wires, 3.2.4.1.2 X X
and tabs
Elastomeric materials 3.2.4.2 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
4.4.2.1,
Physical characteristics 3.3.1 X X X B1-B14 (all)
4.4.2.2
Dimensions and weights 3.3.2 4.4.2.3 X X X B1-B14 (all)
Terminal posts and threaded
3.3.3.1 4.4.2.4.1 X X X B8/9
sockets
Communication interface 3.3.3.2 4.4.2.4.2 X X B1-B14 (all)
B1/2 (4.4.4)
Isolation, electrostatic
3.3.3.2.1 4.4.2.4.2.1 X B8/9 (4.8,
discharge, and filtering
4.9)
Electrical bonding 3.3.3.2.2 Vendor Cert X B1-B14 (all)
Cell shorting prevention 3.3.4.1 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
Cell leakage 3.3.4.2 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
Vendor Cert,
Battery case 3.3.5.1 X C1-C5
4.4.2.5.1
Non-metallic case 3.15.1 4.14.1 X C10
C1-C5
Battery case bottom 3.3.5.1.1 4.4.1, 4.4.2 X X
B1-B14 (all)
Battery accessories 3.3.5.2 4.4.2.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
Vendor Cert B1-B14 (all)
Overpressure relief device 3.3.5.2.1 X X
(4.4.2.5.2)
42
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2
TABLE VII. Inspection requirements - Continued.

Inspection Qual
Vendor Cert,
Heater(s) 3.3.5.2.3 X B6/7/11
4.4.2.5.4
Handles 3.3.5.2.4 4.4.2.5.5 X X WC1
Vendor Cert,
Battle override mode 3.3.6 X B1-B14 (all)
4.4.2.6
Vendor Cert,
Battery color 3.4.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
4.4.2.1
Marking, general 3.4.2 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Marking print and color 3.4.2.1 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Permanence and durability 3.4.2.2 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Battery identification marking 3.4.3.1 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Date of battery manufacture 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2
3.4.3.1.1 X B1-B14 (all)
and lot code
Item unique identification 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2
3.4.3.2 X B1-B14 (all)
(IUID)
Maintenance advisory tag 3.4.3.3 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Instruction and notes 3.4.4 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
General warning marking 3.4.5.1 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Hazard severity label 3.4.5.2 4.4.2.1, 4.4.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Dielectric strength and
3.5.1 4.4.4 X B1/2
insulation resistance
Operating and storage
3.5.2 4.4.5 X X B6/7
temperature range
Battery voltage 3.5.3 Vendor Cert X X B1-B14 (all)
B1/2/3/4/5/8/
Full charge capacity 3.5.4 4.4.6.1 X X X
9/10/12/13
Cranking amps 3.5.5 4.4.6.2 X X X B6/7/11
Deep cycle life 3.5.6 4.4.6.3 X X B1/2
High temperature deep cycle
3.5.7 4.4.6.4 X X B3/4
life
Retention of charge 3.5.8 4.4.6.5 X X B10/11
Vendor Cert,
Battery storage life 3.5.9 X X B5
4.4.7
Vendor Cert
Battery service life 3.5.10 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.4.8)
Charging 3.5.11 4.4.9 X X X B1-B14 (all)
Charge acceptance 3.5.11.1 4.4.9.1 X X X B1-B14 (all)
Rapid charging 3.5.11.2 4.4.9.2 X X X B6-B13
Jump start power export 3.5.12 X X
(4.4.10)
Jump start power import 3.5.13 X X
(4.4.11)
43
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2

Inspection Qual
Battery management system
3.6.1 4.5.1 X B1-B14 (all)
(BMS)
BMS power 3.6.2 X X
(4.5.2)
BMS features 3.6.3 4.5.3 B1-B14 (all)
Monitoring 3.6.3.1 4.5.3.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
Vendor Cert
Equalization 3.6.3.2 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.5.3.2)
B6/7/8/9/10/1
Safety protections 3.6.3.3 4.5.3.3 X X X
1/12
Enable/disable automatic
3.6.3.4 4.5.3.4 X B1/2
heaters
Contactor(s) 3.6.3.5 4.5.3.5 X B1/2
Vendor Cert
Communication interface 3.6.4 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.5.4)
Configuration pins 3.6.4.1 4.5.4.1 X B1/2
Position identity 3.6.4.2 4.5.4.2 X B1/2
Dual CAN interface 3.6.4.3 4.5.4.3 X B1/2
Baud rate 3.6.4.4 4.5.4.4 X B1/2
NAME 3.6.4.5 4.5.4.5 X B1/2
Preferred source address 3.6.4.6 4.5.4.6 X B1/2
Arbitrary address capable 3.6.4.6.1 4.5.4.6.1 X B1/2
Service configurable source
3.6.4.6.2 4.5.4.6.2 X B1/2
address
Termination resistance 3.6.4.7 4.5.4.7 X B1/2
Firmware update over CAN
3.6.4.8 4.5.4.8 X B1/2
bus
Monitoring performance
3.6.5 4.5.5
characteristics
Calculated parameters 3.6.5.1 4.5.5.1
State of charge (%) 3.6.5.1.1 4.5.5.1.1 X B1-B14 (all)
State of health (%) 3.6.5.1.2 4.5.5.1.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Capacity estimation 3.6.5.1.3 4.5.5.1.3 X B1-B14 (all)
Time remaining (at present
3.6.5.1.4 4.5.5.1.4 X B1-B14 (all)
rate of discharge)
Bus voltage request (for
3.6.5.1.5 4.5.5.1.5 X B1-B14 (all)
charging)
Open circuit voltage 3.6.5.1.6 4.5.5.1.6 X B1-B14 (all)
Maximum charge current 3.6.5.1.7 4.5.5.1.7 X B1-B14 (all)
Power capability estimation 3.6.5.1.8 4.5.5.1.8 X B6/7/11
Measured parameters 3.6.5.2 4.5.5.2
Battery voltage (V) 3.6.5.2.1 4.5.5.2.1 X B1-B14 (all)
Battery current (A) 3.6.5.2.2 4.5.5.2.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Internal battery temperature
3.6.5.2.3 4.5.5.2.3 X B1-B14 (all)
(°C)
44
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2

Inspection Qual
Celsius and Fahrenheit
3.6.5.2.4 4.5.5.2.4 X B1-B14 (all)
support
Internal pack voltage 3.6.5.2.5 4.5.5.2.5 X B1-B14 (all)
Manufacturer specific
3.6.5.3 4.5.5.3 X B1-B14 (all)
parameters
Cell voltages 3.6.5.3.1 4.5.5.3.1 X B1-B14 (all)
Equalization 3.6.5.3.2 4.5.5.3.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Built-in test (BIT) results 3.6.5.3.3 4.5.5.3.3 X B1-B14 (all)
Hardware and software
3.6.5.3.4 4.5.5.3.4 X B1-B14 (all)
version
Celsius support 3.6.5.3.5 4.5.5.3.5 X B1-B14 (all)
Battery states 3.6.6 4.5.6
Dormant (off) State 3.6.6.1 4.5.6.1 X B1-B14 (all)
Initialize State 3.6.6.2 4.5.6.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Operational State 3.6.6.3 4.5.6.3 X B1-B14 (all)
Standby 3.6.6.3.1 Vendor Cert X B1-B14 (all)
Maintenance State 3.6.6.4 4.5.6.4 X B1-B14 (all)
B8/9
(4.10.2.1,
4.10.2.3,
4.10.2.4)
Protected State 3.6.6.5 4.5.6.5 X
B6/7
(4.10.2.5)
B1-B14 (all)
(4.10.2.6)
Protected State timeout 3.6.6.5.1 4.5.6.5.1 X B1/2
Built-in tests 3.6.7 4.5.7
Power-up BIT 3.6.7.1 4.5.7.1 X B1-B14 (all)
Continuous BIT 3.6.7.2 4.5.7.2 X B1-B14 (all)
Vendor Cert
BIT diagnostics probability 3.6.7.3 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.5.7.3)
Long term fault data storage
3.6.8 4.5.8 X B1-B14 (all)
(non-volatile)
Short term fault data storage
3.6.9 4.5.9 X B1-B14 (all)
(volatile)
Surges, spikes, and starting
3.7 4.6
operation
Voltage surges 3.7.1 4.6.1 X X B6/7
Voltage spikes 3.7.2 4.6.2 X X B6/7
Vendor Cert
Starting operation 3.7.3 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.6.3)
Vendor Cert
Starting current 3.7.3.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.6.4)
Altitude 3.8.1.1 4.7.1.1 X X B6/10
Rapid decompression 3.8.1.2 4.7.1.2 X X B7/10
45
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2

Inspection Qual
Attitude 3.8.2 4.7.2 X X B10/11
Temperature shock 3.8.3 4.7.3 X X B6/7
Mechanical shock 3.8.4 4.7.4 X X B8/12
Vibration 3.8.5 4.7.5 X X B9/13
Immersion 3.8.6 4.7.6 X X B8/9
Humidity 3.8.7 4.7.7 X X B12/13
Blowing sand and dust 3.8.8 4.7.8 X X B12/13
Salt atmosphere 3.8.9 4.7.9 X X B12
Fluid susceptibility 3.8.10 4.7.10 X X B13
Explosive atmosphere 3.8.11 4.7.11 X X B12/13
Electromagnetic
3.9 4.8 X X B8/9
compatibility/interference
Electrostatic discharge 3.10 4.9 X X B8/9
Vendor Cert
Cell safety abuse test 3.11.1.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
(4.10.1.1)
Cell overcharge 3.11.1.1.1 X X
(4.10.1.1.1)
Cell short circuit 3.11.1.1.2 X X
(4.10.1.1.2)
Cell over discharge 3.11.1.1.3 X X
(4.10.1.1.3)
Cell penetration 3.11.1.1.4 X X
(4.10.1.1.4)
Cell crush 3.11.1.1.5 X X
(4.10.1.1.5)
Cell leakage 3.11.1.2 X X
(4.10.1.2)
Battery overcurrent protection 3.11.2.1 4.10.2.1 X X B8/9
Overcharge abuse2 3.11.2.2.1 4.10.2.2 X MB1
Overcharge protection 3.11.2.2.2 4.10.2.3 X X B8/9
Battery overdischarge
3.11.2.3 4.10.2.4 X X B8/9
protection
Battery over temperature
3.11.2.4 4.10.2.5 X X B6/7
protection
Battery low temperature Vendor Cert
3.11.2.5 X X B1-B14 (all)
charge protection (4.10.2.6)
Battery impact resistance
(non-metallic battery case 3.11.2.6 4.10.2.7 X C6-C9
only)
Battery abuse 3.11.2.7 4.10.2.8
Battery crush2 3.11.2.7.1 4.10.2.8.1 X X B6/B14
Battery nail penetration2 3.11.2.7.2 4.10.2.8.2.1 X X B7
Battery projectile penetration2 3.11.2.7.2 4.10.2.8.2.2 X X B8/9
Battery drop low height 3.11.2.7.3 4.10.2.8.3 X X B10
46
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2

Inspection Qual
paragraph paragraph IPI PPI assignment 1
Battery drop high height2 3.11.2.7.4 4.10.2.8.4 X X B10/11

Lithium battery safety
3.12 4.11 X
program (U.S. NAVY)2
Charger compatibility 3.13 4.12 X X B10
Workmanship 3.14 4.13 X X X B1-B14 (all)
Paint, protective finishes, and
3.15.1 4.14.1 X X B1-B14 (all)
coatings
Corrosion resistance 3.15.2 4.14.2 X X B1-B14 (all)
Electronic assemblies 3.15.3 4.14.3 X X B1-B14 (all)
Hazardous materials 3.15.4 4.14.4 X X B1-B14 (all)
Chemical, biological,
radiological and nuclear 3.15.5 4.14.5 X X B1-B14 (all)
(CBRN)
Defects 3.16 4.15 X X X B1-B14 (all)
NOTES:
1. Acronyms: B: battery sample, C: case sample, WC: weighted case sample, MB: modified
battery sample.
2. This is a destructive test and shall be conducted after all other inspections have been
completed for the listed assigned battery sample.
4.2 Test equipment and facilities. The tests in this specification shall be conducted in a
test facility having a calibration system which complies with ISO/IEC 17025, ISO 10012, or
equivalent system as approved by the Qualifying Activity.
4.2.1 Voltage and current indicating equipment. All voltage and current indicating
equipment shall be accurate within one percent of the reading.
4.2.2 Voltage and current tolerances. During the charging and discharging of batteries
the current and voltage shall be maintained within one percent of the value specified at all times,
unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified all discharges shall be continuous.
4.2.3 Resistance tolerances. Resistance shall be accurate within ±0.5 percent for all
tests.
4.2.4 Time of discharge. The timing of discharges lasting not longer than one minute
shall be maintained to within ±5 percent. All other discharge times shall be accurate within ±1
percent.
4.3 Inspection conditions. Unless otherwise specified, all examinations and tests shall
be performed under ambient humidity and ambient atmospheric pressure conditions at normal
temperature (see 4.3.1.1). There shall be no more than one hour rest between charge and
discharge during a test, unless otherwise specified.
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MIL-PRF-32565C
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4.3.1 Temperature conditions. For Deep cycle life, High temperature deep cycle life,
Retention of charge, and Battery storage life tests only, brief temperature excursions outside of
the defined test temperature tolerance may occur and will not result in a test non-conformance
provided that the total duration for the excursions are less than 5% of the total test time and that
the excursions do not exceed double the temperature tolerance. For all other tests, brief
temperature excursions outside of the defined test temperature tolerance may occur and will not
result in a test non-conformance provided that the total duration for the excursions are less than
1% of the total test time and that the excursions do not exceed double the temperature tolerance.
4.3.1.1 Normal conditions. Normal ambient temperature for tests shall be 22±5 °C.
4.3.1.2 Transitioning between temperatures. When transitioning between temperatures

that have a difference greater than 10 °C, the batteries shall remain at the new condition and shall
stabilize for not less than 12 hours unless otherwise specified. When transitioning between
temperatures that have a difference less than or equal to 10 °C, the batteries shall remain at the
new condition and shall stabilize for not less than 6 hours unless otherwise specified. When
transitioning between temperatures, the battery shall be in the Operational State with Master
Power Switch Off, unless otherwise specified. When transitioning between temperatures where
the stabilization time is not fixed but rather defined as a minimum time (ex: "at least" or "not less
than"), if a maximum stabilization time is not provided, the stabilization time shall not exceed
the minimum time defined by an additional 6 hours, unless otherwise specified.
4.3.2 Mounting. Batteries shall not be altered for mounting purposes to perform the
vibration and mechanical shock tests. Where brackets exist, for the sole purpose of mounting the
battery, these brackets shall be used. Vibration isolators shall not be used.
4.4 Inspection and test methods.
4.4.1 Engineering analysis. The purpose of engineering analysis is to provide objective

evidence as to the ability of the battery to meet performance characteristics where component
level testing or inspection is either not required, due to previous experience or testing, or is not
feasible due to unrealistic inspection conditions. Analysis may consist of evaluation of data
accumulated from inspection, demonstration, test and product design requirements simulation,
modeling, interpretation and/or parts similarity. Analysis may include engineering calculations if
applicable. The resultant analysis of this data should be organized to provide evidence that a
particular requirement has been met.
4.4.2 Visual and mechanical inspections and tests. Reworking of samples shall be
permitted as specified in the contract or by approval of the Qualifying Activity (see 3.16).
4.4.2.1 Incoming visual and mechanical inspection. Samples shall be examined to

verify that the basic materials, component materials and parts, design and construction, marking
and workmanship are in accordance with the requirements of 3.16.
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MIL-PRF-32565C
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4.4.2.2 Post-test visual and mechanical inspection. Except where noted, samples shall
be examined after testing in section 4 to verify conformance to 3.16.
4.4.2.3 Dimension and weight measurement. To determine conformance to 3.3.2,

batteries shall be measured and weighed. All measurements shall include any coating and labels.
4.4.2.4 Electrical interface.
4.4.2.4.1 Terminal posts and threaded sockets. Terminal posts and threaded sockets
shall be visually inspected to determine conformance to 3.3.3.1. The electrically conductive pad
and the electrically insulating material shall be measured to ensure proper dimensions.
Additionally, an increasing torque up to 28.25 Newton-meters (N-m) shall be applied in a
direction perpendicular to the axis of the terminal posts and parallel to the top of the battery by a
torque indicating device, through a nondestructive battery terminal fitting or other clamping
device on the conical section of the terminal posts. This test shall be repeated using a torque
wrench on the hex nut portion of the terminal posts. The torque shall be performed in a
clockwise direction. To test battery clamp slippage, battery clamps shall be securely attached to
each terminal post (see TM-9-6140-200-13, Battery Replacement, Installation Task). The
battery shall be suspended by the battery clamps for one hour. The clamps shall not completely
slip off the terminal posts during the one hour. The battery clamps for the terminals to be used in
the slip testing shall conform to part number A-A-52425-1 (NSN 5940-00-549-6581) for the
positive and A-A-52425-2 (NSN 5940-00-549-6583) for the negative. After the torque and
battery clamp slippage test has been performed, the same battery shall undergo the immersion
test in accordance with 4.7.6.
4.4.2.4.2 Communication interface. Engineering analysis shall be performed on the

communication interface to determine conformance to 3.3.3.2.
4.4.2.4.2.1 Isolation, ESD, and filtering. Conformance to 3.3.3.2.1 shall be verified

during performance of 4.4.4, 4.8, and 4.9.
4.4.2.5 Battery case and accessories.
4.4.2.5.1 Battery case. To determine conformance to 3.3.5.1, inspect battery cases in

accordance with 4.4.2.1 and 4.4.2.3. When a non-metallic material is used for the battery case,
the 500W Vertical Burning Test specified in UL 94 shall be performed on test specimen sets cut
from the case samples. If there is insufficient number of case samples to cut all test specimens,
then the vendor will have to supply additional case samples.
4.4.2.5.2 Overpressure relief device. To determine conformance to 3.3.5.2.1, vendor

certification is required.
4.4.2.5.3 Air pressure equalization port. To determine conformance to 3.3.5.2.2,

vendor certification is required.
49
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2
4.4.2.5.4 Heater(s). Conformance to 3.3.5.2.3 shall be verified during performance of
4.4.6.2 b.
4.4.2.5.5 Handles. To determine conformance to 3.3.5.2.4 a weighted battery case

(with a weight equal to the max weight specified in table I shall be placed in an environmental
chamber with temperature of 88±3 °C for 60 minutes, allowed to return to normal conditions,
and again heated at 88±3 °C for 60 minutes. The weighted battery case shall then be removed
from the environmental chamber and immediately placed in a test fixture (see figure 11). The
case shall be initially set on the removable support, and the angles and initial tautness of the
handles shall be set with the support in place. The ballast weight, equal to the max weight
specified in table I, shall be placed on top of the weighted case. The support shall then be slowly
removed and the weighted case and ballast weight be allowed to hang freely by the handles for
60 seconds. The weighted case shall then be removed and the handles and bond shall be
examined for conformance to 3.3.5.2.4. The test shall be repeated at -54±3 °C.
4.4.2.6 Battle override mode. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with 3.3.6
is required.
4.4.3 Potting/sealing compounds, flow and shrinkage. The following test shall be
performed on any insulating compounds that may be used in battery construction. Place
compound in a container, approximately 76.2 mm wide by 152.4 mm long by 19.1 mm high, to
within 12.7 mm of the top and allow curing in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended
procedures. Place the container in an environmental chamber in an inverted position and raise
the temperature to 93±3 °C. Keep the container inverted at these conditions for not less than 24
hours. The test sample shall meet the requirements of 3.2.4.1. Place the container in an
environmental chamber in an inverted position and lower the temperature to -54±3 °C; hold these
conditions for not less than eight hours. The test sample shall meet the requirements of 3.2.4.1.1.
4.4.4 Dielectric strength and insulation resistance. To determine conformance to 3.5.1,

the following tests shall be performed.
4.4.4.1 Dielectric strength. To verify conformance to 3.5.1, apply an alternating-

current potential of 500 volts RMS in accordance with MIL-STD-202-301 for 60 to 65 seconds
between the battery electrical contacts listed below.
a. Battery positive terminal and battery case.
b. Battery negative terminal and battery case.
c. All communication interface contacts and connector shell, except power and power
return, and positive terminal.
d. All communication interface contacts and connector shell, except power and power
return, and negative terminal.
e. All communication interface contacts, except the connector shell, and battery case.
50
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2
Note. Test each battery case in not less than three locations and on all surfaces with a case seam
other than that on which the battery terminals are located. Paint shall be removed from the test
locations on the case in a manner to allow contact with the case material but does not cause
damage to the material. For plastic case batteries, measure the insulation resistance of batteries
by the use of a copper plate making physical contact with the case. The plate shall exceed the
dimensions of the surface to be tested. Place the battery to be tested on the plate so that the plate
is visible outside all edges of the surface under test.
4.4.4.2 Insulation resistance. Apply a direct-current potential of 500 volts for 60 to 65

seconds to the components listed in 4.4.4.1. Measure the insulation resistance of the components
in accordance with test condition B of MIL-STD-202-302, for 60 seconds. Batteries shall meet
the requirements of 3.5.1.
4.4.5 Operating and storage temperature range. To determine conformance to 3.5.2,

perform the full charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d. Charge the battery in accordance with
4.4.9 and place the battery in the Dormant State in an environmental chamber at -51±3 °C for 24
hours. Change environmental chamber temperature to -46±3 °C, and leave the battery in the
chamber for 12 hours. Place the battery in the Operational State with master power switch “On”
(see 3.6.6.3). Within one minute, begin a one hour discharge of the battery at C/10 at -46±3 °C.
Battery voltage shall remain above the minimum voltage specified in 3.5.3 for the entire hour.
Repeat test on all samples at 85±3 °C for 24 hours, and 71±3 °C for the 12 hour chamber time
and C/10 discharge. Place battery at normal conditions for at least 6 hours. Perform the full
charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
4.4.6 Performance tests. For all charges and discharges in this section, unless otherwise
specified, the battery shall be in the Operational State with master power switch “On.”
4.4.6.1 Full charge capacity. To determine conformance to 3.5.4, the battery full
charge capacity rating (ampere-hours) shall be determined as follows:
a. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage defined by the battery
manufacturer is reached or the battery contactor opens (this voltage shall be compliant with
3.5.3).
b. Allow battery to rest 5 minutes and then charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Place battery at normal conditions for at least 6 hours.
d. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage defined by the battery
manufacturer is reached or the battery contactor opens (this voltage shall be compliant with
3.5.3). Record the discharge time, and calculate the capacity in ampere hour.
e. Two additional attempts are permitted of b. through d. to meet full charge capacity
requirements.
51
MIL-PRF-32565C
w/AMENDMENT 2
f. The capacity obtained from each battery subjected to steps b. through d. shall
represent the full charge capacity.
4.4.6.2 Cranking amps. Each battery listed for cranking amps testing in table VII shall
undergo all steps listed in sections a. and b. below.
a. No prior heating. Battery heater(s) shall be deactivated for test section a. To

determine conformance to 3.5.5, the test for cranking amps at -40, -32, -18, and 55 °C shall be
performed as follows:
(1) Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.

(2) Place battery in an environmental chamber at a temperature of -40±3 °C.
Verify heater is inactive.
(3) The battery shall remain in the environmental chamber at -40±3 °C for at
least 12 hours. Discharge the battery at the cranking amps (no pre-heating)
rate and time as specified in table I for that temperature. Monitor voltage of
battery during test to verify compliance to voltage specified in table I.
(4) Measure and record battery voltage at end of test (see 3.5.3).
(5) If battery voltage during or at the end of test fails to meet the requirements of
3.5.5, it shall be retested as specified in steps (1) through (4). Failure of a
battery to pass this second cycle shall be considered as failure to meet the
specified requirements.
(6) Allow battery to rest for 5 minutes. Within one minute before the end of the
rest, record the reported 30 second battery power capability estimation value.
Immediately after the 5 minute rest, discharge the battery at the rate recorded
for 30 seconds or until voltage drops below the battery's terminal cutoff
voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. If the voltage drops below the battery's
terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. or battery contactor opens
before 30 seconds, this constitutes as a failure of this test.
(7) Allow battery to rest for 5 minutes. Within one minute before the end of the
rest record the reported 10 second battery power capability estimation value.
Immediately after the 5 minute rest, discharge the battery at the rate recorded
for 10 seconds or until voltage drops below the battery's terminal cutoff
voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. If the voltage drops below the battery's
terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. or battery contactor opens
before 10 seconds, this constitutes as a failure of this test.
(8) Test in accordance with 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
(9) Repeat steps (1) through (8) except temperature shall be -32±3 °C.
(10) Repeat steps (1) through (8) except temperature shall be -18±3 °C.
(11) Repeat steps (1) through (8) except temperature shall be 55±3 °C.
b. With prior heating. To determine conformance to 3.5.5, the test for cranking amps at
-18 and -48 °C shall be performed as follows:
(1) Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.

(2) Place battery in an environmental chamber at a temperature of -48±3 °C.
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(3) The battery shall remain in the environmental chamber at -48±3 °C for at
least 12 hours. Initiate heating and allow heater to operate for 30 minutes.
Heaters shall be internally powered by the battery only. Ensure heater has
been turned off. Within 1 minute of heater termination, discharge the battery
at the cranking amps (pre-heating at -48 °C) rate and time as specified in
table I. Monitor voltage of battery during test to verify compliance to voltage
specified in table I.
(4) Measure and record battery voltage at end of test (see 3.5.3).
(5) If battery fails the test, it shall be retested. The retested battery shall be
charged, and shall be retested as specified in (1) through (4). Failure of a
battery to pass this second cycle shall be considered as failure to meet the
specified requirements.
(6) Test in accordance with 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
(7) Repeat steps (1) through (6) except temperature shall be -18±3 °C, and the
heater shall run for 15 minutes for Class A or 10 minutes for Class B. The
rate and time shall be as specified in table I under cranking amps (pre-heating
at -18 °C).
4.4.6.3 Deep cycle life. To determine conformance to 3.5.6, perform the following
test procedure:
a. Perform full charge capacity test in accordance with 4.4.6.1. Record the full charge
capacity from 4.4.6.1 d. This full charge capacity shall be used to establish the baseline capacity
for the 70 percent requirement of 3.5.6.
b. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Place battery in an environmental chamber and stabilize at a temperature of

38±3 °C.
d. Discharge at the 1C rate to the battery's terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d
or battery contactor opens. Each discharge in this step, where the battery capacity exceeds the 70
percent requirement of 3.5.6, constitutes completion of one cycle.
e. Allow the battery to rest five minutes.
f. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9, except perform at a temperature of

38±3 °C.
g. Allow the battery to rest five minutes.
h. Repeat steps d. through g. for a total of 1000 cycles.
i. Remove from the environmental chamber and stabilize at normal conditions.
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j. Perform full charge capacity test in accordance with 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d. Record the
full charge capacity from 4.4.6.1 d and compare to baseline capacity from step a.
4.4.6.4 High temperature deep cycle life. To determine conformance to 3.5.7, perform
the following test procedure:
a. Perform full charge capacity test in accordance with 4.4.6.1. Record the full charge
capacity from 4.4.6.1 d. This full charge capacity shall be used to establish the baseline capacity
for the 70 percent requirement of 3.5.7.
b. Charge the battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Place battery in an environmental chamber and stabilize at a temperature of

50±3 °C.
d. Discharge at the 1C rate to the battery's terminal cutoff voltage specified in

4.4.6.1 d. or battery contactor opens. Each discharge in this step, where the battery capacity
exceeds the 70 percent requirement of 3.5.7, constitutes completion of one cycle.
e. Allow the battery to rest five minutes.
f. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9, except perform at a temperature of

50±3 °C.
g. Allow the battery to rest five minutes.
h. Repeat steps d. through g. for a total of 500 cycles.
i. Remove from the environmental chamber and stabilize at normal conditions.
j. Perform full charge capacity test in accordance with 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d. Record the
full charge capacity from 4.4.6.1 d and compare to baseline capacity from step a.
4.4.6.5 Retention of charge. To determine conformance to 3.5.8, each battery listed

for retention of charge testing in table VII shall be tested as follows:
a. Charge battery as specified in 4.4.9.
b. Place the battery in an environmental chamber at 40±3 °C for 90 calendar days.

Ensure the battery is in the Operational State with master power switch “Off” (see 3.6.6.3). The
battery shall be continuously monitored to ensure the battery stays in the Operational State. The
signals to the battery communication interface shall not be interrupted for steps b. through e.
below.
c. After 90 calendar days, allow battery to stabilize at normal conditions for at least 12
hours but no more than 48 hours.
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d. NOTE: DO NOT RECHARGE BATTERY PRIOR TO NEXT STEP.
e. Perform two successive cranks according to the pulse load rating in table I at normal
conditions. There shall be a five minute rest between each of the two cranks, with no recharge in
between cranks.
f. Repeat the test, steps a. through e. at -18±3 °C.
4.4.7 Battery storage life. To determine conformance to 3.5.9, perform the following
test procedure immediately after the full charge capacity test:
a. Charge the battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
b. Disconnect all connections to the battery and ensure the battery is in the Dormant
State. Store the battery for 180 days in a controlled temperature environment at 22±5 °C.
c. After the 180 calendar days, and within 24 hours, without first recharging the
battery, perform the full charge capacity test in 4.4.6.1 steps c. and d.
d. Perform the full charge capacity test in 4.4.6.1 steps b.-d.
e. Perform a visual inspection (see 4.4.2.2).
4.4.8 Battery service life. To determine conformance to 3.5.10, vendor certification is

required.
4.4.9 Charging. To determine conformance to 3.5.11, the battery temperature is to be

stabilized at 22±5 °C before charging commences. Batteries shall be charged using a constant
voltage of 28.5±0.25 V. The charge is to be terminated after current tapers to C/20 rate, the
battery contactor opens, or 2.5 hours has passed, whichever occurs first. The charging supply
shall be capable of providing the continuous cycling current charge rating as specified in table I.
If testing on any battery is temporarily stopped for a period of 72 hours or more, the battery shall
be given a charge according to this section. A test battery shall not be stored for more than 1 hour
after a discharge without charging per this section. When batteries are not on test they shall be
placed in the Dormant State.
4.4.9.1 Charge acceptance. To determine conformance to 3.5.11.1, the battery

temperature is to be stabilized at 22±5 °C for at least 6 hours.
a. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. is
reached or battery contactor opens. Allow the battery to rest for five minutes.
b. The battery shall be charged using a constant voltage of 28.5±0.25 V. The charging
supply shall be capable of providing the continuous cycling current charge rating as specified in
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table I. The charge is to be terminated at 1.5 hours; after current tapers to C/20 rate; or the
battery contactor opens, whichever occurs first. Allow the battery to rest for one hour.
c. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. is
reached or battery contactor opens. Record the discharge time, and calculate the capacity.
d. Two additional attempts are permitted of a. through c. to meet requirements of

3.5.11.1.
4.4.9.2 Rapid charging. To determine conformance to 3.5.11.2, the battery temperature

is to be stabilized at 22±5 °C for at least 6 hours.
a. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. is
reached or battery contactor opens. Allow battery to rest for five minutes.
b. The battery shall be charged using a constant voltage of 28.5±0.25 V. The charging
supply shall be capable of providing 300 amps. The charge shall be terminated at the Rapid
charging time specified in table I; after current tapers to C/20 rate; or the battery contactor opens,
whichever occurs first. Allow battery to rest for one hour.
c. Discharge battery at 1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. is
reached or battery contactor opens. Record the discharge time, and calculate the capacity.
d. Two additional attempts are permitted of a. through c. to meet requirements of

3.5.11.1.
4.4.10 Jump start power export. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with
3.5.12 is required.
4.4.11 Jump start power import. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with
3.5.13 is required.
4.5 Battery management system requirements.
4.5.1 Battery management system. To determine conformance to 3.6.1 an engineering

analysis (see 4.4.1) shall be conducted.
4.5.2 BMS power. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with 3.6.2 is required.
4.5.3 BMS features.
4.5.3.1 Monitoring. Conformance to 3.6.3.1 shall be determined through system testing

and engineering analysis maintained and documented throughout the battery lifecycle. See
table IV for performance characteristics, and accuracy requirements.
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4.5.3.2 Equalization. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with 3.6.3.2 is
required.
4.5.3.3 Safety protections. The conformance to 3.6.3.3 shall be determined by

successful protection of the battery during tests in 4.10.2.1, 4.10.2.3, 4.10.2.4, 4.10.2.5, and
4.10.2.6.
4.5.3.4 Enable/disable automatic heaters. To determine conformance to 3.6.3.4, the

battery shall be placed in the Maintenance State and sent the battery configuration message with
parameter “Automatic Heater Function” value set to “Disable Automatic Heater Function.” The
battery shall be monitored for positive acknowledgment over the CAN communication bus. The
battery shall be sent the configuration message with parameter “Automatic Heater Function”
value set to “Enable Automatic Heater Function.” The battery shall be monitored for positive
acknowledgment over the CAN communication bus.
4.5.3.5 Contactor(s). To determine conformance to 3.6.3.5, the battery shall be placed

in the Operational State and sent the battery configuration message with parameter “Command
Contactor(s)” value set to “Open Contactor(s).” The battery shall be monitored for positive
acknowledgment and contactor(s) state over the CAN communication bus. The voltage at the
terminals of the battery shall be monitored to verify that electrical power is not available. The
battery shall be sent the configuration message with parameter “Command Contactor(s)” value
set to “Automatic Contactor Operation.” The battery shall be monitored for positive
acknowledgment and contactor(s) state over the CAN communication bus. The voltage at the
terminals shall be monitored to verify availability of electrical power. The battery shall be sent
the configuration message with parameter “Command Contactor(s)” value set to “Force
Contactor(s) Closed.” The battery shall be monitored for negative acknowledgment and no
change to contactor(s) state over the CAN communication bus. The battery shall be placed in the
Maintenance State, and sent the battery configuration message with parameter “Command
Contactor(s)” value set to “Force Contactor(s) Closed.” The battery shall be monitored for
positive acknowledgment and contactor(s) state over the CAN communication bus. The voltage
at the terminals shall be monitored to verify availability of electrical power. Vendor certification
required for switching a minimum of 100,000 times.
4.5.4 Communication interface. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with

SAE J1939 and ISO 11898 is required (see 3.6.4).
4.5.4.1 Configuration pins. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.1, the battery shall be

sent a request for “Configuration State Message 1.” Response message shall be compared to the
state of the configuration pins attached to the communication interface.
4.5.4.2 Position identity. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.2, the battery shall be sent
a request for “Configuration State Message 1.” Response message shall be compared to the state
of the configuration pins attached to the communication interface. The battery shall be sent a
RQST message to obtain the SAE J1939 NAME. The function instance of the NAME shall be
compared to the position identity.
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4.5.4.3 Dual CAN interfaces. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.3, communication of
the battery on the CAN interfaces shall be monitored in the Operational State with CAN A
configured as the primary interface, and repeated with CAN B configured as the primary
interface.
4.5.4.4 Baud rate. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.4, the battery shall be configured
to baud rates: 250 Kbps, 500 Kbps, and 1 Mbps. The battery shall be monitored in the
Operational State to verify the baud rate over the communication interface CAN bus.
4.5.4.5 NAME. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.5, the battery shall be sent a RQST
message to obtain the SAE J1939 NAME, and response message shall be monitored to verify the
NAME fields. The battery shall then be placed in the Maintenance State, and the NM Message
shall be used to modify each of the NAME fields to a value other than the default. A RQST
message for the SAE J1939 NAME shall be sent to the battery, and the response message shall
be monitored to verify the NAME fields have been updated.
4.5.4.6 Preferred source address. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.6, the battery

shall be have position identity pins set to a position identities between 0 and 15 on subsequent
trials. The battery shall be monitored in Operational State to verify that the correct preferred
source address is used based on the position identity.
4.5.4.6.1 Arbitrary address capable. Vendor certification that the battery supports
SAE J1939 arbitrary address capability shall be required. To determine conformance to
3.6.4.6.1, the battery shall be placed in the Maintenance State, and the arbitrary address
capability shall be set to the desired state using the NM message according to the procedures
found in SAE J1939-81. The battery NAME arbitrary address capable field shall be verified
using the Request Current NAME method in SAE J1939-81 or using the request message for the
Address Claimed (AC) message.
4.5.4.6.2 Service configurable source address. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.6.2,

the battery shall be placed in the Maintenance State, and given a new preferred source address
using the CA message according to SAE J1939-81. The battery source address shall be verified
using the Request NAME Address Claim method in SAE J1939-81 or using the request message
for the Address Claimed (AC) message.
4.5.4.7 Termination resistance. To determine conformance to 3.6.4.7, the resistance

between CAN high and low pins for CAN A and CAN B interfaces shall be measured using a
calibrated resistance meter.
4.5.4.8 Firmware update over CAN bus. To determine conformance with 3.6.4.8, the
battery shall be configured with baud rate of 250 Kbps and placed in the Maintenance State to
perform a firmware update. The non-volatile memory in the battery shall be loaded with data
containing a known unique configuration identifier different from the identifier initially resident
in the memory (vendor to provide). Correct loading shall be demonstrated by verifying
checksums and the configuration identifier stored in memory after reprogramming. It shall be
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verified that this reprogramming operation is complete within 15 minutes. Test shall be repeated
at 500 Kbps and 1 Mbps.
4.5.5 Monitoring performance characteristics. The following tests shall be used to

verify the range, resolution, and error requirements of table IV.
4.5.5.1 Calculated parameters. With the battery in the Maintenance State, select and
configure the battery transmission rate of messages containing calculated parameters to the
transmission rates supported for that message (see Appendix A). The battery shall be monitored
in Operational State to verify correct transmission rates as configured for messages containing
calculated parameters (see 3.6.5.1). See Appendix A for message transmission rates for each
applicable message.
4.5.5.1.1 State of charge (percent). The battery shall be monitored in the Operational
State to verify that the state of charge is communicated over the CAN bus within the accuracy
tolerances listed in table IV of the actual battery state of charge during performance tests (see
4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1). The Actual State of Charge calculation is for verification of the accuracy of
the battery’s reported state of charge during testing, and not a requirement for how the battery
estimates state of charge. The Actual State of Charge shall be calculated after each qualification
test is completed using the following:
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑖𝑖
∑𝑖𝑖0 � �
𝑁𝑁 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐶𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑖𝑖 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆0 + × 100%
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
Where:
a. Currenti (A) is negative when the battery is discharging, and positive when the
battery is charging. SOC0 is 100 percent when the battery is fully charged in accordance with
4.4.9. When the battery is fully discharged SOC0 is 0 percent.
b. Actual State of Chargei is the actual state of charge at sample i.
c. N Samples per Hour is the sample rate (in samples per hour). This equation shall be
adjusted as necessary to account for different sample rates in different test steps.
d. Actual Full Charge Capacity (Ah) is the final capacity value of each full charge or
discharge and is determined from post test analysis.
e. The Actual State of Chargei is calculated at each data sample during a full charge or
discharge and compared to the battery’s reported state of charge.
4.5.5.1.2 State of health (percent). The battery shall be monitored in the Operational
State to verify that the state of health is communicated over the CAN bus within the accuracy
tolerances listed in table IV of the battery state of health during performance tests (see 4.4.6 and
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3.6.5.1). The actual state of health shall be calculated during qualification testing using the
following:
𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶

𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻𝑡𝑡ℎ = × 100%
𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹 𝐶𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
Where:
a. Measured full charge capacity shall be the total capacity of the battery according to
section 3.5.4 at 22±5oC. State of health reporting range is limited from 0 percent to 100 percent.
In cases when measured full capacity exceeds rated full charge capacity, the state of health shall
be reported as 100 percent.
b. Rated full charge capacity is the full charge capacity found in table I for the battery
class.
4.5.5.1.3 Capacity estimation. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State
to verify that the capacity is communicated over the CAN bus during performance tests (see
4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1).
4.5.5.1.4 Time remaining (at present rate of discharge). The battery shall be monitored
in the Operational State to verify that the time remaining is communicated over the CAN bus
during performance tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1).
4.5.5.1.5 Bus voltage request (for charging). The battery shall be monitored in the
Operational State to verify that the bus voltage request is communicated during battery charge
over the CAN bus during performance tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1).
4.5.5.1.6 Open circuit voltage. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State
to verify that the open circuit voltage is communicated over the CAN bus during performance
tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1).
4.5.5.1.7 Maximum Charge Current. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational
State to verify that the maximum charge current is communicated over the CAN bus during
performance tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1).
4.5.5.1.8 Power capability estimation. Conformance to 3.6.5.1.8 shall be verified

during the cranking amps test (see 4.4.6.2).
4.5.5.2 Measured parameters. With the battery in the Maintenance State, select and
configure the battery transmission rate of messages containing measured parameters to the
transmission rates supported for that message (see Appendix A). The battery shall be monitored
in Operational State to verify correct transmission rates as configured for messages containing
measured parameters (see 3.6.5.2).
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4.5.5.2.1 Battery voltage (V). The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State
to verify that the battery voltage within the accuracy tolerances listed in table IV is
communicated over the CAN bus and shall be compared to a secondary calibrated voltmeter
during performance tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.2.1).
4.5.5.2.2 Battery current (A). The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State to
verify that the battery current within the accuracy tolerances listed in table IV is communicated
over the CAN bus and shall be compared to a secondary calibrated ammeter during performance
tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.2.2)
4.5.5.2.3 Internal battery temperature (°C). Engineering analysis of temperature

sensing method and hardware shall be used to determine conformance to 3.6.5.2.3
4.5.5.2.4 Celsius and Fahrenheit support. The battery shall be monitored in the
Operational State to verify that the battery internal temperature within the accuracy tolerances
listed in table IV is communicated over the CAN bus. Temperature reading in Fahrenheit shall
be converted and compared to the reading in Celsius to verify equivalence (see 3.6.5.2.4).
4.5.5.2.5 Internal pack voltage. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State
to verify that the internal pack voltage is communicated over the CAN bus during performance
tests (see 4.4.6 and 3.6.5.1). Vendor certification of conformance to accuracy tolerances listed in
table IV is required.
4.5.5.3 Manufacturer specific parameters. With the battery in the Maintenance State,
select and configure the battery transmission rate of messages containing manufacturer specific
parameters to the transmission rates supported for that message (see 3.6.5.3). The battery shall
be monitored in Operational State to verify correct transmission rates as configured for messages
containing manufacturer specific parameters (see 3.6.5.3).
4.5.5.3.1 Cell voltages. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State to
verify that cell voltages are reported on the CAN bus to determine conformance to 3.6.5.3.1.
CAN messages containing cell voltages shall be tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3.
4.5.5.3.2 Equalization. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State to verify
that equalization information is reported on the CAN bus to determine conformance to 3.6.5.3.2.
CAN messages containing equalization information shall be tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3.
4.5.5.3.3 BIT results. The battery shall be monitored in the Operational State to verify
that BIT results are reported on the CAN bus to determine conformance to 3.6.5.3.3. CAN
messages containing BIT results shall be tested in accordance with 4.5.5.3. Communication of
faults and failures in the form of DTCs shall be verified in tests in 4.10.2 and engineering
analysis maintained and documented throughout the battery lifecycle.
4.5.5.3.4 Hardware and software version. The battery shall be placed in the
Operational State, and a request message for the SAE J1939 ECUID and SOFT messages shall
be made on the CAN bus. The battery shall be monitored to verify that the hardware and
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software information is communicated on the CAN bus in accordance with 3.6.5.3.4. Repeat
with the battery placed in the Maintenance State.
4.5.5.3.5 Celsius support. Testing shall be conducted in accordance with 4.5.5.3 to

determine conformance to 3.6.5.3.5. Messages containing manufacturer specific parameters that
have temperature data shall be analyzed and verified that the temperatures are reported in
Celsius.
4.5.6 Battery states.
4.5.6.1 Dormant (off) State. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.1 the following test
shall be performed while the battery is in the Operational State. The mating connector P1,
configured according to section A.3.3.2, shall be disconnected from the battery communication
interface J1, and a 30 ohm resistor shall be placed on the terminals. The battery terminal voltage
shall be monitored to verify the transition time to the Dormant State does not exceed 10 seconds,
and the voltage does not exceed 1.0 V after one minute.
4.5.6.2 Initialize State. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.2 the battery terminal

voltage shall be monitored as it transitions from the Dormant State to the Operational State to
verify that the transition time does not exceed 10 seconds.
4.5.6.3 Operational State. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.3, the battery shall be

monitored for the conditions of the Operational State. It shall be verified that the battery
provides electrical power at the terminals, CAN messages are reported in response to a RQST
and configuration messages, CAN messages are reported on a regular interval when the master
power switch is “On”, and CAN messages are not reported on a regular interval when the master
power switch is “Off”. It shall also be verified that the time to report battery voltage, battery
current, battery internal temperature, state of charge, state of health, time remaining, and BIT
results does not exceed one second when entering the Operational State with the master power
switch “On” or when in the Operational State and the master power switch changes from “Off”
to “On”.
4.5.6.4 Maintenance State. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.4, the battery shall be

sent the battery configuration message with Maintenance State parameter with value set to
“Enter Maintenance State,” and verify battery provides the positive acknowledgement message.
Once in Maintenance State, the battery shall be sent the Maintenance State parameter with value
set to “Exit Maintenance State” and verify the battery provides the positive acknowledgement
message. To verify Maintenance State timeout functionality, the battery shall be sent the battery
configuration message with Maintenance State parameter with value set to “Enter Maintenance
State,” and verify battery provides the positive acknowledgement message. Rest for six minutes
with no CAN messages addressed the battery being sent. Verify the battery exits the
Maintenance State after five minutes from entering the Maintenance State.
4.5.6.5 Protected State. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.5, the battery shall be

monitored in 4.10.2.1, 4.10.2.3, 4.10.2.4, 4.10.2.5, and 4.10.2.6 to verify battery transitions to
and from the Protected State.
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4.5.6.5.1 Protected state timeout. To determine conformance to 3.6.6.5.1, the battery

shall be placed into the Maintenance State, and configured with a SOC reserve limit of 20
percent. The battery shall then be placed into the Operational State, and discharged at the 1C
rate until the battery enters the Protected State. Verify battery has entered the Protected State
due to SOC reserve limit by observing the DTC message(s) over CAN. The master power
switch shall be placed in the “Off” state, and the battery shall rest for 24 hours. Battery terminal
voltage shall be monitored to verify the battery remains in the Protected State. If necessary,
additional discharges at the C/10 rate followed by 24 hour rest periods shall be performed on the
battery if the SOC recovers and the battery returns to the Operational State. Within five minutes
of the end of the 24 hour rest, the master power switch shall be placed in the “On” state and the
battery shall be observed for inactivity of CAN communication and no terminal voltage for five
minutes to verify that the battery has entered the Dormant State. The dormant pins shall be
cycled, and the battery shall be observed to verify that the battery exits the Dormant State.
4.5.7 Built-in tests.
4.5.7.1 Power-up BIT. To determine conformance to 3.6.7.1, the battery shall be

monitored to verify the battery reports the PBIT results after the battery has transitioned out of
the Initialize State.
4.5.7.2 Continuous BIT. To determine conformance to 3.6.7.2, the battery shall be

monitored in the Operational State to verify that the battery reports the CBIT results.
4.5.7.3 BIT diagnostics probability. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with
3.6.7.3 is required.
4.5.8 Long term fault data storage . To determine conformance to 3.6.8, the battery
manufacturer shall provide a method to determine if most recent 96 hours of long term fault data
has been stored successfully in non-volatile memory.
4.5.9 Short term fault data storage . To determine conformance to 3.6.9, the battery
manufacturer shall provide a method to determine if short term fault data has been stored
successfully in volatile or non-volatile memory.
4.6 Surges, spikes and starting operation.
4.6.1 Voltage surges. To determine conformance to 3.7.1, test as specified in

MIL-STD-1275. Conformance to the requirement shall be verified when the Battery in the
Operational State and the Master Power Switch Signal is “On”, when the Battery in the
Operational State and the Master Power Switch Signal is “On” and contactor(s) commanded
“Open”, and in the Dormant State. No external loads that remove energy (e.g. resistor) from the
battery shall be used in the tests.
4.6.2 Voltage spikes. To determine conformance to 3.7.2, test as specified in

MIL-STD-1275. The test shall be conducted with the Battery in the Operational State and the
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Master Power Switch Signal is “On”, the Battery in the Operational State and the Master Power
Switch Signal is “On” and contactors commanded “Open”, and in the Dormant State. No
external loads that remove energy from the battery (e.g. a resistor) shall be used in the tests.
4.6.3 Starting operation. Vendor certification that the battery is compliant with 3.7.3
shall be required.
4.6.4 Starting current. Vendor certification that battery is compliant with 3.7.3.1 is
required.
4.7 Environmental. For all tests in this section, unless otherwise specified, the battery
shall be in the Operational State and not charging or discharging.
4.7.1 Altitude.
4.7.1.1 Altitude, operating & non-operating. Each battery listed for altitude testing in
table VII shall undergo all steps listed in this test section. To determine conformance to 3.8.1.1,
the following test shall be performed:
a. Perform the full charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
b. Rest for five minutes, and then charge according to 4.4.9.
c. Weigh the battery.
d. Run the test specified in the Operating section of ATPD 2404.
e. Stabilize at 22±5 °C for 6 hours.
f. Perform the full charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
g. Weigh the battery.
h. Repeat steps a. through c., then place the battery in Dormant State, and then perform
the Non-operating section of ATPD 2404. After finishing the Non-operating test, stabilize the
battery in accordance with step e. Switch the battery to Operational State, and perform steps f.
and g.
4.7.1.2 Rapid decompression. To determine conformance to 3.8.1.2, perform the

following tests:
a. Perform the full charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
b. Rest for five minutes and then charge according to 4.4.9.
c. Weigh the battery.
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d. Place the battery in the Dormant State and perform the test specified in the Rapid
decompression section of ATPD 2404.
e. Place the battery in the Operational State and perform the full charge capacity test of
4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
f. Rest for five minutes and then charge according to 4.4.9.
g. Weigh the battery.
4.7.2 Attitude. To determine conformance to 3.8.2, perform the following test:
a. Invert the battery from its normal upright position (see 6.3.30).
b. Perform the full charge capacity test of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
4.7.3 Temperature shock. To determine conformance to 3.8.3 the following test shall
be performed:
a. Charge according to 4.4.9.
b. Run the test specified in the Temperature shock section of ATPD 2404 with the
battery in the Dormant State.
c. Place the battery in the Operational State and perform the full charge capacity test
of 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
4.7.4 Mechanical Shock. To determine conformance to 3.8.4 the following test shall be
performed.
a. Perform the full charge capacity 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
b. Charge according to 4.4.9.
c. Place the battery in the Dormant State and perform the test in accordance with the
basic and functional shock sections of ATPD 2404.
d. Perform the full charge capacity 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
4.7.5 Vibration. To determine conformance to 3.8.5, the following test shall be

performed:
b. Charge according to 4.4.9
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c. Perform tests in accordance with the ATPD-2404 vibration section. The battery
shall meet the vibrational profiles for the Materiel in Turret Bustle Rack or Installed in Turret,
and the Light Vehicle – Materiel on Sponson or Installed in Hull sections of AECTP-400.
4.7.6 Immersion. To determine conformance to 3.8.6 the following test shall be

performed after the terminal posts and threaded sockets test is complete (see 3.3.3.1 and
4.4.2.4.1).
a. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
b. Weigh the battery.
c. Run the test specified in the leakage (immersion) section of ATPD 2404 for
subsystems or equipment located on the hull exterior or engine compartment which may be
submerged during fording.
d. After immersion, remove the batteries and dry exterior surfaces. Weigh the battery.
e. Discharge the battery according to 4.4.6.1 d.
4.7.7 Humidity. To determine the conformance to 3.8.7 the following test shall be
performed:
b. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Place the battery in Dormant State, and perform test in the Humidity, System storage
and transportation section of ATPD 2404.
d. The operational check shall be performed according to the full charge capacity test in
4.4.6.1 steps a.-d with the battery in the Operational State.
4.7.8 Blowing sand and dust. To determine the conformance of 3.8.8 the following
test shall be performed:
a. Conduct the test in accordance with the blowing sand internal and blowing dust
internal sections of ATPD 2404.
b. Perform the full charge capacity 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d, and check voltage (see 3.5.3).
4.7.9 Salt atmosphere. To determine the conformance of 3.8.9 the following test shall
be performed.
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c. Perform the test in the salt fog section of ATPD 2404.
4.7.10 Fluid susceptibility. To determine the conformance of 3.8.10, the following test
shall be performed.
c. Place the battery in Dormant State and conduct the fluid susceptibility test in
accordance with the contamination by fluids section of ATPD 2404.
d. Place the battery in the Operational State and perform the full charge capacity
4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
4.7.11 Explosive atmosphere. To determine conformance of 3.8.11, the battery shall

be subjected to the test method described in the Ignition Protection section of ATPD 2404, while
undergoing a charge as described in 4.4.9 without the igniting of the air-vapor mixture.
4.8 Electromagnetic compatibility/interference. To determine the conformance of 3.9,

the following test shall be performed.
c. Perform the following test procedures of MIL-STD-461 CE102, CS101, CS114,

CS115, CS116, RE102, and RS103 with minimum 2.5 meter cable lengths in accordance with
MIL-STD-461 interconnecting leads and cables requirements. During tests with the battery
placed on a resistive load, the battery shall be placed in the Operational State with the master
power switch “On” and voltage shall be maintained above 20.5V. The battery shall be recharged
as necessary in accordance with 4.4.9 during tests.
4.9 Electrostatic discharge. To determine conformance of 3.10, the following test

shall be performed.
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a. Perform the following test procedures of MIL-STD-461 CS118. Test surfaces
include, but is not limited to each main power terminal, each connector, connector shield, and the
battery case. The battery shall be tested in the Dormant State with exposed pins on the J1
receptacle. The battery shall be tested in the Operational State with a test harness with a
minimum 1 meter length and shielded conductors connected to the J1 receptacle, with no load
and with a resistive load of 3±0.15 ohm on the main power terminals.
b. Verify that the load can be sustained for 1 minute following the test.
c. Verify communications in accordance with 4.4.1.
4.10 Safety.
4.10.1 Cell safety. Vendor shall certify that cells used for the battery have been
characterized in accordance with the tests specified below.
4.10.1.1 Cell safety abuse tests. Vendor shall certify that cells have been characterized
in accordance with SAE J2464 for the tests in this section. Vendor shall report corresponding
Hazard Severity Level to the Qualifying Activity.
4.10.1.1.1 Cell overcharge. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.1.1 perform test in

accordance with the Overcharge Test (Cell and Module or Pack) section of SAE J2464.
4.10.1.1.2 Cell short circuit. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.1.2 perform test in

accordance with the Short Circuit Tests (Cell and Module or Pack) section of SAE J2464.
4.10.1.1.3 Cell over discharge. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.1.3 perform test

in accordance with the Overdischarge (Forced Discharge) Test (Cell Level and Module) section
of SAE J2464.
4.10.1.1.4 Cell penetration. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.1.4 perform test in

accordance with the Penetration Test (Cell Level or Above) section of SAE J2464, at a minimum
of 100 and 50 percent state of charge.
4.10.1.1.5 Cell crush. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.1.5 perform test in

accordance with the Crush Test (Cell Level or Above) section of SAE J2464.
4.10.1.2 Cell leakage. To determine conformance to 3.11.1.2, the vendor shall certify
that the following test has been successfully completed. Any mass loss or visual defects shall be
reported.
a. Fully charge the cells in any appropriate manner at the normal conditions of 4.3.1.1.
b. Weigh each cell to the nearest tenth of a milligram.
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c. Store cells at 60±3 °C for not less than 26 days, and not more than 30 days.
d. Remove from high temperature storage and stabilize cells at the normal conditions of
4.3.1.1 for not less than 1 hour.
e. Weigh each cell to the nearest tenth of a milligram.
4.10.2 Battery safety.
4.10.2.1 Battery overcurrent protection. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.1., the

following test shall be performed.
a. Perform the full charge capacity test (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d).
b. Charge the batteries as specified in 4.4.9 .
c. Short each battery across each pair of positive and negative terminals through an
external resistance. External resistance shall be 10±3 milliohms. The resistance shall be
removed from the terminals 1 hour after short occurs.
d. Rest five minutes and then measure and record the battery open circuit voltage
(OCV).
e. Stabilize batteries at the normal conditions of 4.3.1.1 for not less than 2 hours.
f. Perform the full charge capacity (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d).
4.10.2.2 Overcharge abuse. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.2.1, the battery shall

be overcharged in accordance with the Overcharge Test (Cell and Module or Pack) section of
SAE J2464, with the overcharge voltage limit of 41.25 V for Type 1 or 2.
4.10.2.3 Overcharge protection. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.2.2, the

b. Charge batteries in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Apply a voltage of 41.25 volts for no less than 1 hour, while measuring and
recording battery voltages continuously or at a sampling rate of not less than once per 60
seconds.
d. Stabilize batteries at normal conditions for not less than 2 hours.
e. Perform the full charge capacity (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d).
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4.10.2.4 Battery overdischarge protection. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.3, the

b. Charge batteries in accordance with 4.4.9.
c. Attempt to overdischarge the batteries at a rate of C/2 below the battery’s terminal
cutoff voltage.
d. Measure and record battery voltages continuously or at a sampling rate of not less
than once per 60 seconds.
e. Stabilize batteries at normal conditions for not less than 2 hours.
f. Charge the batteries in accordance with 4.4.9.
g. Perform the full charge capacity test (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d).
h. Repeat step a. through step g. but using the continuous cycling discharge current
rating of table I in place of the C/2 discharge rate in step c.
4.10.2.5 Battery over temperature protection. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.4

the following test shall be performed:
b. Stabilize the battery at 71±3 °C for not less than 6 hours.
c. Verify the battery is in the Operational State.
d. Raise the temperature to above specific manufacturer’s over temperature limit.
e. Verify the battery has transitioned to the Protected State once the reported internal
temperature is at or above the manufacturers defined over temperature limit.
f. Measure and record the battery voltage (see 3.5.3).
g. Place battery in an ambient temperature of 22±5 °C and verify that the battery has
returned to the Operational State once the reported internal temperature is below the
manufacturers defined over temperature limit by no more than 10 °C.
h. Perform the full charge capacity test (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.).
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4.10.2.6 Battery low temperature charge protection. Vendor certification required to
determine conformance to 3.11.2.5.
4.10.2.7 Battery impact resistance (non-metallic battery case only). To determine the
conformance to 3.11.2.6 the following test shall be performed.
a. Condition the empty battery case in an environmental chamber for at least 4 hours at
71±3 °C.
b. Remove battery from environmental chamber and place the battery case on a flat
steel plate, which is not less than 25 cm longer and wider than the case.
c. Drop a free-falling 0.907±0.023 kg solid steel ball one time on the center of every
face of the battery case, excluding the handle sides, from a height of 2.29 +0.03 / - 0.005 m
within 5 minutes after removal from the environmental chamber. If all battery faces cannot be
completed within the 5 minute period, steps a. through c. may be repeated as many times as
needed to complete testing on all battery faces within 5 minutes of removal from the
environmental chamber.
d. Examine the battery case in accordance with 4.4.2.2.
e. Repeat step a. through d. with a different battery case but use a temperature
of -18±3 °C and a height of 1.52 +0.03 / - 0.005 m.
f. Repeat step a. through d. with a different battery case but use a temperature
of -40±3 °C and a height of 1.27 +0.03 / - 0.005 m.
4.10.2.8 Battery abuse.
4.10.2.8.1 Battery crush. To determine the conformance to 3.11.2.7.1 the battery shall
be characterized in accordance with the Crush Test (Cell Level or Above) section of SAE J2464.
One axis shall be the normal upright position (Z axis) with the terminal post adapters installed.
Record corresponding Hazard Severity Level.
4.10.2.8.2 Battery penetration. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.7.2 the following

tests shall be performed.
4.10.2.8.2.1 Battery nail penetration. The battery shall be characterized in accordance

with the penetration test (Cell Level or Above) section of SAE J2464. Record corresponding
Hazard Severity Level.
4.10.2.8.2.2 Battery projectile penetration. Two samples, one for test A and one for
test B shall be tested as follows:
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b. Secure the battery in an upright position to prevent battery movement during testing,
and in a manner that shall not impede path of the projectiles.
c. Battery shall be placed on a resistive load of 30±3 ohms no more than 5 minutes
before the first shot, and remain on the resistive load until conclusion of the test.
d. Three projectiles shall be fired at the test battery with no more than 90 seconds
between the first and third projectile at ambient conditions. Muzzle velocity of the projectiles
shall be 728±244 meters per second (mps).
e. For each test listed below, record the date, time, place, ambient temperature, battery
voltage (not less often than once per second), temperature of the positive and negative terminal
posts (not less often than once per second), any events (smoke, fire, cell activity, or disassembly)
along with the event time and associated event severity, and the corresponding Hazard Severity
Level.
(1) Test A. The battery shall be shot three times with 7.62 mm armor piercing
incendiary (API) projectiles. Each projectile shall be at a 90° angle from the
side of the battery along axis 2 (see figure 12). The impact area for the
battery shall be at least 40 mm from each edge of the battery (see figure 13.).
Each projectile shall be at least 50 mm on center from each of the other two
projectiles when striking the side of the battery.
(2) Test B. The battery shall be shot three times with 7.62 mm armor piercing
incendiary (API) projectiles. Each projectile shall be at a 90° angle from the
front of the battery along axis 1 (see figure 12). The impact area for the
battery shall be at least 40 mm from each edge of the battery (see figure 13.).
Each projectile shall be at least 50 mm on center from each of the other two
projectiles when striking the front of the battery.
All battery projectile penetration testing shall be videoed at not less than 1080p 30 frames per
second. Recordings shall continue for 2 hours or until Hazard Severity Level 6 is exceeded.
4.10.2.8.3 Battery drop low height. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.7.3 the

following test shall be performed:
a. Perform the full charge capacity test (see 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.).
b. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9, then place batteries in the Dormant State.
c. Stabilize the battery at 85±3 °C for at least 6 hours.
d. Perform the drop at ambient conditions within 10 minutes of step c.
e. The fully charged, upright battery shall be dropped from a height of 30 +2.0 / -0.2
cm measured from the lowest point of the battery onto a concrete surface (see 6.3.30). The
bottom of the battery shall be parallel to the concrete surface before being dropped.
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f. Wait at least 24 hours.
g. Perform the full charge capacity test 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
h. Charge battery in accordance with 4.4.9.
i. Stabilize the battery at 85±3 °C for at least 6 hours.
j. Perform the drop at ambient conditions within 10 minutes of step i.
k. The fully charged battery shall be suspended from one handle at a height of 30±0.2
cm from the lowest point of the battery to the concrete surface. The battery shall then be
dropped onto a concrete surface.
l. Wait at least 24 hours.
m. Perform the full charge capacity test 4.4.6.1 steps a.-d.
n. Repeat steps a. through m. but at -51±3 °C with the same battery.
4.10.2.8.4 Battery drop high height. To determine conformance to 3.11.2.7.4 the

b. Stabilize the battery at 85±3 °C for at least 6 hours.
c. Perform the drop at ambient conditions within 10 minutes of step b.
d. A fully charged battery shall be dropped, inverted from its normal upright position,
on the top face of the battery with both positive and negative terminal posts installed (see
6.3.30). The drop shall be from a height of 2 +0.03 / -0.005 m measured from the lowest point of
the inverted battery. The drop shall be performed on a concrete surface. The top of the battery
shall be parallel to the concrete surface before being dropped.
e. Wait 24 hours.
f. Record corresponding Hazard Severity Level in accordance with the Hazard Severity
Levels and descriptions table of SAE J2464.
g. Repeat steps a. through f. but at -51±3 °C with a different battery.
4.11 Lithium battery safety program (U.S. Navy). To determine conformance to 3.12,
vendor certification shall be required. The vender certification shall include Navy S9310-AQ-
SAF-010 test results. Devices using this battery will require U.S. Navy safety approval prior to
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use by Department of Navy users unless such approval has already been granted. Consult with
NAVSEA Instruction 9310.1 or Qualifying Activity for further information.
4.12 Charger compatibility. To determine conformance to 3.13, discharge battery at

1C rate until the terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d. is reached or battery contactor
opens. Connect the battery to a MIL-STD-1275 compliant 28.5 +0.25/-0.50 V charger with a
minimum rated output current of 20 Amps. The charge is to be terminated after current tapers to
C/20 rate, or the battery contactor opens, whichever occurs first. The charging supply shall be
capable of providing the continuous cycling current charge rating as specified in table I. Verify
no anomalies occur during operation and charging of the batteries.
4.13 Workmanship. To determine conformance to 3.14, an engineering analysis (see

4.4.1) shall be conducted.
4.14 Product characteristics.
4.14.1 Paint, protective finishes, and coatings. To determine conformance to 3.15.1 an

engineering analysis (see 4.4.1) shall be conducted. For non-metallic, non-CARC painted
batteries only, the exterior surfaces and mating joints of the battery case samples assigned to this
test in table VII, shall be coated with CARC paint and primers in accordance with
MIL-DTL-53072 by the vendor. The exterior surfaces and mating joints of the test samples shall
be examined to assure that no surface or mating joint demonstrates joint sealing failures, interior
deformation, surface degradation, or shrinkage has occurred as a result of the CARC
exposure/coating after 12, 24, 72, and 168 hour periods.
4.14.2 Corrosion resistance. To determine conformance to 3.15.2 an engineering

analysis (see 4.4.1) shall be conducted. This analysis shall consider corrosion between lead
battery clamps and the terminal posts.
4.14.3 Electronic assemblies. To determine conformance to 3.15.3 an engineering

4.14.4 Hazardous materials. To determine conformance to 3.15.4 an engineering

4.14.5 CBRN. To determine conformance to 3.15.5 an engineering analysis (see 4.4.1)

shall be conducted.
4.15 Defects. To determine conformance to 3.16, conduct a visual inspection (see

4.4.2) or measurement with standard inspection equipment.
5. PACKAGING
5.1 Packaging. For acquisition purposes, the packaging requirements shall be as

specified in the contract or order (see 6.2). When packaging of materiel is to be performed by
DoD or in-house contractor personnel, these personnel need to contact the responsible packaging
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activity to ascertain packaging requirements. Packaging requirements are maintained by the
Inventory Control Point’s packaging activities within the Military Service or Defense Agency, or
within the military service’s system commands. Packaging data retrieval is available from the
managing Military Department’s or Defense Agency’s automated packaging files, CD-ROM
products, or by contacting the responsible packaging activity.
6. NOTES
(This section contains information of a general or explanatory nature that may be helpful, but is
not mandatory.)
6.1 Intended use. The batteries covered by this specification are used in a variety of
military land vehicles, aircraft, seagoing vessels, electronic and communications equipment, and
for other military power requirements. The batteries are capable of storage and use under wide
temperature ranges and are subjected to severe environmental conditions, including exposure for
prolonged periods to extreme seagoing environments not encountered in civilian applications.
6.2 Acquisition requirements. Procurement documents should specify the following:
a. Title, number, and date of the specification.
b. Type, class, and sub-class (see 1.2).
c. Assist online database should be cited in the solicitation, and if required, the specific
issue of individual documents referenced (see 2.1).
d. Whether or not IUID is required (see 3.4.3.2).
e. If a lead-free control plan is required (see 3.15.3.1).
f. Non tin or tin alloy finishes with less than 457 micron conductor spacing need to be
approved by the contracting agency (see 3.15.3.2).
g. If approval is required (see 3.15.4).
h. A list of defects for which rework is permitted (see 3.16).
i. If IPI is not required (see 4.1.2.1).
j. Packaging see 5.1.
k. Shelf life requirements (see 6.10).
*Note. It is recommended that defects in categories 003, 007, 009, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107,
108, 201, and 202 of table VI be permitted to be reworked during Group A Inspection and that
the list be included in the contract.
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6.3 Definitions.
6.3.1 Amp hour or ampere-hour. A unit of measurement of a battery's electrical storage

capacity. Current multiplied by time in hours equals ampere-hours. One ampere-hour is equal
to a current of one ampere flowing for one hour. One ampere-hour (Ah) is equal to 1,000
milliampere-hour (mAh).
6.3.2 Battery. An electrochemical device used to store energy. The general term for a
single cell, or a group of cells connected together either in a series or parallel configuration.
6.3.3 Battery capacity. The number of ampere-hours which can be delivered by a

battery on a single (dis)charge. The battery capacity is determined by a number of factors,
including the cutoff voltage, discharge rate, temperature, method of charge and the age and life
history of the battery.
6.3.4 Battery case. The battery case is defined as all parts of the outer protective
covering (including battery cover or lid, if present) in which the completed cell assembly is
contained.
6.3.5 Battery, lithium-ion. The lithium-ion (or Li-ion) battery is a rechargeable battery
characterized by lithium ions moving through the electrolyte from the negative electrode to the
positive electrode in discharging and reverse when charging. The negative electrode is made
from insertion material (examples include hard carbon or graphite) and the electrolyte is a
lithium salt in an organic solvent. The positive electrode consists of a material where lithium
ions can be reversibly inserted and removed.
6.3.6 Battery, secondary. A battery that is intended to be discharged and recharged

many times in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
6.3.7 Battery service life. The expected calendar life of the battery when installed as
new and operated under normal conditions (see 4.3.1.1).
6.3.8 C rate. A C rate is a current rate (in amperes) at which a fully charged battery is
fully discharged in one hour. Thus, C rate for a 100 Ah battery would be 100 A. Different
multiples of the C rate are calculated by multiplying a factor by the C rate. For example for a
100 Ah battery, 2C rate would be 200 A, C/5 rate would be 20 A and C/10 would be 10 A. For
the tests in this specification, C rates are based on the full charge capacity in table I.
6.3.9 Cell. An electrochemical device, composed of positive and negative electrodes

and electrolyte, which is capable of storing electrical energy.
6.3.10 Charge. The conversion of electric energy, provided in the form of a current,
into chemical energy within the cell or battery.
6.3.11 Charge rate. The current in amperes at which the battery is charged.
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6.3.12 Completed cell assembly. The total number of cells used within a complete
battery along with the intercell connections.
6.3.13 Contactor. A reusable device that interrupts the flow of electric current. A
contactor may be an electromechanical or a solid-state electrical device, which is actuated by an
on/off control signal.
6.3.14 Contractor. The contractor is the entity that enters into a contractual agreement
with the U.S. Government. Contractor may or may not be the manufacturer, but for purposes of
this document, the terms contractor, vendor, and manufacturer are interchangeable.
6.3.15 Controller application. The software within a particular controller is the

“Controller Application”. A controller is made up of the software and hardware within an
Electronic Control Unit (ECU) that performs a particular control function. An ECU may serve
as one or more controllers and hence may contain one or more controller applications. See SAE
J1939 for additional information.
6.3.16 Cutoff voltage. The prescribed lower-limit voltage at which battery discharge is
considered complete.
6.3.17 Cranking. Attempting to start a vehicle's engine by energizing the electric

starter with a power pulse.
6.3.18 Cycle. One sequence of charge and discharge.
6.3.19 Cycle, deep. A cycle in which the discharge is continued until the battery
reaches its cutoff voltage, 100 percent depth of discharge.
6.3.20 Cycle life. For rechargeable batteries, the total number of charge/discharge
cycles the cell can sustain before its capacity is significantly reduced. The cycle of a battery is
greatly influenced by the depth of the discharge and the method of recharging.
6.3.21 Discharge. The conversion of the chemical energy of the battery into electric
energy.
6.3.22 Discharge rate. The current in amperes at which the battery is discharged.
6.3.23 Electrode. An electrical conductor through which an electric current enters or

leaves a conducting medium. In a cell, an electrode is an electrical conductor at the surface of
which a change occurs from conduction by electrons to conduction by ions.
6.3.24 Electrolyte. The ionically conductive material within a battery which

transports charged atoms (ions) between the electrodes. Lithium-ion batteries most commonly
use an electrolyte comprised of lithium salt in an organic solution.
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6.3.25 Energy. Expressed as capacity in ampere-hours times the battery voltage, or
watt-hours.
6.3.26 Energy density. The ratio of cell energy to volume (Watt-hours per liter). The
term 'energy density' is also commonly used for the ratio of cell energy to mass (Watt-hours per
kilogram), although the more accurate term for this characteristic is 'specific energy.'
6.3.27 Fully charged batteries. Batteries will be considered fully charged when
charged in accordance with 4.4.9.
6.3.28 Fully discharged batteries. A fully discharged battery or cell will have been
discharged to show an output of voltage equal to its cutoff voltage.
6.3.29 Negative terminal. The terminal of a battery from which electrons flow in the
external circuit during discharge.
6.3.30 Normal upright position. The battery case orientated with the threaded sockets
(terminals) facing upwards with respect to the earth's surface.
6.3.31 Open circuit. The condition of a battery which is neither on charge nor on
discharge (as in, disconnected from a circuit).
6.3.32 Open-circuit voltage. The difference in potential between the terminals of a

battery when the circuit is open (a no-load condition).
6.3.33 Positive terminal. The terminal of a battery toward which electrons flow
through the external circuit during discharge.
6.3.34 Power. The (dis)charge rate in amperes multiplied by battery voltage in volts,
or watts.
6.3.35 Power density. The power in watts divided by the volume in liters of the
battery.
6.3.36 Qualifying Activity. The Government activity that conducts qualified products
list (QPL) qualification for the 6T Li-ion battery. The Qualifying Activity for the 6T Li-ion
battery is the Ground Vehicle Systems Center (GVSC) Domestic Standardization Office. This
office may be contacted at U.S. Army Ground Vehicle Systems Center, ATTN: ATTN: FCDD-
GVS-SAT MS #268, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000 or by email to
[email protected]. Since contact information can
change, you may want to verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST
online database at https://assist.dla.mil.
6.3.37 Rework. Correcting of defective, failed, or nonconforming items, during or

after inspection. Rework includes all follow-on efforts such as disassembly, repair, replacement,
re-assembly, etc.
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6.3.38 Seal. A device or substance that is used to join two things together so as to
prevent them from coming apart or to prevent anything from passing between them.
6.3.39 Self-discharge. Discharge that takes place while the battery is in an open-circuit
condition.
6.3.40 Shelf life. The period of time (measured from date of manufacture) at a storage
temperature, after which the battery retains a specified percentage of its original energy content.
6.3.41 Softening temperature. The softening temperature of insulation is the

temperature at which it will distort under a reasonable amount of pressure when tested in
accordance with the heat distortion test of ASTM D2633.
6.3.42 Stabilize. Stabilization is the process of allowing a test article to transition to a

new temperature over a period of time.
6.3.43 State of charge (estimated). The estimated state of charge is a calculated

estimate reported by the battery. It is the ratio of the amount of capacity remaining in a battery
to the present full charge capacity. A battery at 25 percent state of charge has 25 percent
capacity remaining versus what it could give if fully charged.
6.3.44 State of charge (SOC) reserve limit. SOC reserve limit is a predetermined SOC
value to allow vehicle integrators to reserve battery energy for engine starting purposes
(see A.5.7.2).
6.3.45 State of health (estimated). The state of health is defined as the ratio of the
present full charge capacity of the battery at normal conditions to the rated full charge capacity
of table I. Example: If measured full charge capacity has degraded to 44 amp hours for a 55 amp
hour rated full charge capacity battery, the state of health would be considered 80 percent. The
end of life state of health will be determined by the vehicle platform.
6.3.46 Terminals. A point at which current enters or leaves a cell, battery, or circuit.
The parts of a cell, battery, or circuit to which the external electric circuit is connected.
6.3.47 Time remaining. Time remaining is the amount of time the battery has at its
present state of charge before it reaches the SOC reserve limit (see A.5.7.2) under present
discharge conditions.
6.3.48 Voltage, nominal. A reference voltage used to describe batteries or cells.
6.4 Qualification. With respect to products requiring qualification, awards will be

made only for products which are, at the time of award of contract, qualified for inclusion in
Qualified Products List QPL No. 32565 whether or not such products have actually been so
listed by that date. The attention of the contractors is called to these requirements, and
manufacturers are urged to arrange to have the products that they propose to offer to the Federal
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Government tested for qualification in order that they may be eligible to be awarded contracts or
orders for the products covered by this specification. Information pertaining to qualification of
products may be obtained from U.S. Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and
Engineering Center, ATTN: FCDD-GVS-SAT MS #268, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road,
Warren, MI 48397-5000 or by email to usarmy.detroit.devcom-
[email protected]. Since contact information can change, you may want to
verify the currency of this address information using the ASSIST online database at
https://assist.dla.mil. An online listing of products qualified to this specification may be found in
the Qualified Products Database (QPD) at https://assist.dla.mil.
6.5 Manufacturing. Based on the test and field history of Government battery
procurements, control of the following processes in production are critical to the safe
performance of the batteries delivered to the Government:
a. Control of contaminants in basic cell components.
b. Control of the electrolyte mixing process to ensure no contaminants are introduced,

no overheating occurs during mixing, and each batch contains the proper proportions of each
component.
c. Control of the minimum amount of carbon needed in each positive electrode.

Control of electrode alignment during the core winding operation for circular cells.
d. Avoiding use of tapes or sealing methods on the electrode core wind (or “jelly roll”)
as a means of facilitating automated assembly operations. Sealing of the core wind results in
excessive stress on cell internal connections during vibration testing.
e. Providing strong weld adhesion of the positive tab inside the cell and adequate stress
relief on the positive electrode tab inside each cell, to include restricting re-work of rejected weld
connections.
f. Control of all cell closure processes, including the control of weld burrs that could
damage insulating materials inside batteries.
g. Controls for weld burrs on cell top-shell welds with a potential to cut through cell
insulation and shorting a cell against an adjacent cell.
h. Assurance that heat-shrink insulating materials will perform as specified and control
of their application to ensure proper insulation.
i. Control of the sealing process for battery cases to ensure the watertight integrity of
the battery.
6.6 Specification content. Users of this document are cautioned that experience has
shown the need to assess the safety characteristics and safety assurance needs of each Li-ion
battery electro-chemistry independently prior to establishing the minimum requirements for
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safety assurance. The system safety risk assessment techniques of MIL-STD-882 are
recommended as a source for determining the safety assurance needs of Li-ion battery electro-
chemistries.
6.7 Cell traceability. A traceability system for battery cells should be maintained. All
cells delivered individually or as part of a battery to this specification should be identified such
that they are traceable through a manufacturer identification number, or other identification
marking, through which the manufacturing date, lot code, cell chemistry, or other applicable
information can be determined.
6.8 Product traceability (battery). A traceability system for batteries or battery lots
should be maintained. The traceability system should include, as a minimum, the completion of
each step required in the design (when applicable), fabrication, assembly, test and any applicable
qualified rework procedure. Further, traceability should be maintained in order to determine that
batteries have passed the applicable screening, qualification, and quality conformance
inspections.
6.9 Safety data sheets. Contracting officers will require copies of completed safety data
sheets prepared in accordance with FED-STD-313. The pertinent Government mailing addresses
for submission of data are listed in FED-STD-313. Note that 29 CFR 1910.1200 requires that
the safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical used in an operation must be readily available
to personnel using the material.
6.10 Shelf life. This specification covers items where the assignment of a Federal
shelf-life code is a consideration. Specific shelf-life requirements should be specified in the
contract or purchase order, and should include, as a minimum, shelf-life code, shelf-life package
markings in accordance with MIL-STD-129 or FED-STD-123, preparation of a materiel quality
storage standard for type II (extendible) shelf-life items, and a minimum of 85 percent shelf-life
remaining at time of receipt by the Government. These and other requirements, if necessary, are
in DoD 4140.27-M, Shelf-life Management Manual. The shelf-life codes are in the Federal
Logistics Information System Total Item Record. Additive information for shelf-life
management may be obtained from DoD 4140.27-M, or the designated shelf-life points of
contact (POC). The POC should be contacted in the following order: the Inventory Control
Points that manage the item then the DoD Service and Agency administrators for the DoD Shelf-
Life Program. Appropriate POCs for the DoD Shelf-Life Program can be contacted through the
DoD Shelf-Life Management website: https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/.
6.11 Transportation. All transportation of Li-ion cells and batteries in the public
domain is controlled by federal law regulating shipment of hazardous materials. The general
regulations are stated in 49 CFR 172.101 and 173.185. Any deviation from the methods
described in the CFR must be approved before shipment in the form of an "Exemption" by the
Office of Hazardous Material Safety Research and Special Programs Administration, U.S.
Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 20590.
6.12 Shipping safety. Each battery should be shipped in accordance with safety
requirements per Department of Transportation (DOT) & United Nations (UN) regulations.
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6.13 Battery condition for shipping.
6.13.1 Operating and charging instructions. Each battery should be furnished with
complete instructions for storage, handling, maintenance, operation and charging of the battery
including preferred and alternate charging methods. A safety data sheet (SDS) should also be
furnished.
6.13.2 Caps for protection. Batteries should be supplied with a cap over the CAN port,
the threaded sockets, and the terminal posts, if installed, for shorting prevention and dust
resistance. The cap should be snug-fitting and should be removable by hand at temperatures
listed below. The material used for the cap should be non-toxic, non-flammable and non-
conductive and should withstand temperatures from -54 to 88 °C without shrinkage or cracking.
The cap should not leave any residue on the battery contacts nor have any adverse effect on the
connection interface. They should also act to insulate terminals/leads from accidental shorting.
The cap should be either black, closely match the color of the battery, or represent the terminal
colors (red = positive, & black = negative). Cap compliance to these requirements should be
vendor certified. The caps should also prevent dust entry.
6.13.3 Maintenance. After delivery from the manufacturer, batteries should not require
the addition of any electrolyte nor require any maintenance in meeting the provisions of this
specification. However, they may still require a charge before initial issue because of long
storage times and self-discharge. The battery may require capacity checks, charging before
initial issue, and recharging after deep discharge.
6.13.4 Age documentation. The manufacturer should provide certification with each
delivery of cells or batteries in order to meet the following:
a. The maximum age of cells or cells assembled into batteries, from the time of their
initial manufacture to the time of their assembly into batteries should not be greater than 180
days.
b. Batteries or cells should be submitted for Government testing within 30 days of

battery assembly.
6.14 Transportation. Batteries and cells should be tested in accordance with applicable
U.S. DOT & U.N. Manual of Tests and Criteria shipping regulations and meet the requirements
therein.
6.15 Verification inspection. Verification by the Government will be limited to the

amount deemed necessary to determine compliance with the contract and will be limited in
severity to the definitive quality assurance provisions established in this specification and the
contract. The amount of verification inspection by the Government will be adjusted to make
maximum utilization of the contractor's quality control system and the quality history of the
product.
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6.16 Inspection lot. The inspection lot is the quantity of batteries (exclusive of the
number of batteries required as samples) produced at any one place of manufacture on any one
contract presented to the Government for acceptance. The formation of lots, batches, their size,
and the manner in which each lot or batch is to be presented and identified by the supplier should
be designated or approved by the Government.
6.17 Test report data. Test report data should be specified in the contract in
accordance with SD-6, Provisions Governing Qualification. The following data points will be
necessary for Qualifying Activity review and should be included in qualification test reports:
a. Certifications, where required.
b. Whenever there is a service or ampere hour requirement, include the following:
(1) Initial open circuit voltage (IOCV)

(2) Initial loaded voltage (ILV)
(3) Battery or cell voltage, current, capacity, energy, and temperature recorded at
regular intervals. Interval should be service requirement or shorter.
(4) The time elapsed between initial voltage and final voltage.
c. Record how low a battery is discharged in volts, particularly when below terminal
cutoff voltage.
d. Record the charge and discharge rates and voltage limits.
e. Record date and time that any portion of test is initiated in the test report including
initiation and duration of time at test temperature.
f. When a requirement limit is specified, record the final quantitative figure.
6.18 Lithium battery safety program (U.S. Navy). Potential offerors and contractors
should be aware that passing the test criteria specified herein for the U.S. Navy Lithium Battery
Safety Program will not constitute a safety approval for the battery by the U.S. Navy. In
accordance with S9310-AQ-SAF-010, Navy department users must still apply for battery safety
approvals based on the NSN of the battery intended for use, as well as both the intended Navy
platform and each specific using end item.
6.18.1 Test data. The intent of including U.S. Navy Lithium Battery Safety Program
requirements in this specification are primarily to give manufacturers visibility into the essential
safety characteristics needed by the U.S. Navy. Until now, the tests were performed in
evaluating system or device safety without any knowledge of these requirements by battery
manufacturers. Additionally, these requirements will provide the Navy with test data on file
when assessing applications for safety approvals. The data provided will be used for engineering
assessments that are capable of providing recommendations for safer battery compartments in
battery-using devices.
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6.18.2 Test vessel. Due to the need to record pressure changes during test, the Navy
safety tests require use of a test “vessel”, defined as a sealed container larger than the battery
under test. A calculation of the remaining void space inside the vessel containing the battery
under test will be needed for proper interpretation of the pressure readings.
6.18.3 Navy test facility. The Department of Defense has a preference for having the
tests described by S9310-AQ-SAF-010 conducted in a U.S. Navy test facility. Potential offerors
are cautioned to review solicitations for such requirements. Should testing at a Navy facility be
required, offerors will need to obtain a quote for Navy testing in order to respond to the
solicitation. Points of contact in the Navy for the quote will be identified in the solicitation
documentation. Offerors will need to assure that Navy testing costs are covered in their price
proposal.
6.19 Environmentally preferable material. Use of the materials on the list should be
minimized or eliminated unless needed to meet the requirements specified herein.
6.20 Additional reference materials. The following reference materials may be

beneficial to the user:
a. MIL-DTL-53039, Coating, Aliphatic Polyurethane, Single Component, Chemical

Agent Resistant
b. MIL-DTL-64159, Coating, Water Dispersible Aliphatic Polyurethane, Chemical

Agent Resistant
c. MIL-STD-1686, Electrostatic Discharge Control Program for Protection of

Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated
Explosive Devices)
d. MIL-HDBK-454, General Guidelines for Electronic Equipment
e. 49 CFR 173.159, Batteries, Wet
f. IPC-2222, Sectional Design of Rigid Organic Printed Boards
g. SAE J537, Storage Batteries (DoD Adopted)
h. SAE J930 , Storage Batteries for Off -Road Work Machines
i. SAE J2284-2, High Speed CAN (HSC) for Vehicle Applications at 250 Kbps
6.21 Subject term (key word) listing.
24V
Automotive
Battery Management System
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Cranking
Deep Cycle
Li-ion
Starting Lighting Ignition
6.22 Amendment notations. The margins of this specification are marked with vertical
lines to indicate modifications generated by this amendment. This was done as a convenience
only and the Government assumes no liability whatsoever for any inaccuracies in these notations.
Bidders and contractors are cautioned to evaluate the requirements of this document based on the
entire content irrespective of the marginal notations.
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NOTES:
1. Polarity markings shall be embossed on the top side of the battery near each threaded socket
with a "-," a "NEG," or an "N" for negative and a "+," a "POS," or a "P" for positive.
2. Chamfer or continuous radius providing equivalent clearance is permitted.
3. The clearance for hold down is intended to illustrate a clear area on the battery available for
hold downs, and not to imply any specific required design for the platform specific hold downs
FIGURE 1. Top view battery dimensions.
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NOTES:
1. Ribbing and detailing sides of batteries optional.
FIGURE 2. Front view battery dimensions.
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NOTE:
1. Ribbing and detailing on sides of battery is optional.
FIGURE 3. Side view battery dimensions.
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FIGURE 4. Corrugations by positive post.
FIGURE 5. Terminal posts.
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FIGURE 6. Handles.
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FIGURE 7. Labels required for top of battery.
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NOTES:
1. Placement of mandatory statements and boxes, within label, is flexible.
FIGURE 8. Maintenance advisory tag.
FIGURE 9. Battery state map.
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FIGURE 10. Vehicle starting current.
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FIGURE 11. Handle test.
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FIGURE 12. Line of impact.
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FIGURE 13. Battery impact areas.
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FIGURE 14. BMS SAE J1939 implementation concept.
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APPENDIX A
Battery Interface Control Document (ICD) and SAE J1939 Messages
A.1 SCOPE
A.1.1 Scope. This appendix is a mandatory part of this specification. This appendix
covers the interface and communication requirements of the battery. The information contained
herein is intended for compliance. All requirements in this appendix that are not verified in Section
4 shall be vendor certified.
A.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
A.2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified Appendix A of this
specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this
specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has
been made to ensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must
meet all specified requirements of documents cited in Appendix A of this specification, whether
or not they are listed.
A.2.2 Government documents. No Government documents exclusive to this appendix.
A.2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this

document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these
documents those cited in the solicitation or contract.
SAE INTERNATIONAL
SAE J1939-11 - Physical Layer, 250 Kbps, Twisted Shielded

Pair
SAE J1939-21 - Data Link Layer
SAE J1939-31 - Network Layer
SAE J1939-71 - Vehicle Application Layer
SAE J1939-73 - Application Layer - Diagnostics
(Copies of these documents are available online at www.sae.org.)
A.3 INTERFACES.
A.3.1 Location. The battery shall have the interfaces depicted in figure 1.
A.3.2 Electrical Interfaces. See 3.3.3.2.
A.3.2.1 Isolation. See 3.3.3.2.1.
A.3.3 Pin definitions.
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APPENDIX A
A.3.3.1 Power. Power (PWR) of the battery communication interface (J1) shall be
capable of providing 24 V DC nominal with a maximum continuous current of 250 mA in all
battery states (see 3.6.6). Voltage range shall conform to MIL-STD-1275. PWR shall use power
(PWR) return of the battery communication interface (J1) as the electrical power return. The
battery shall not accept electrical power from an external power source on PWR and PWR return
of the battery communication interface (J1).
A.3.3.2 Dormant. Dormant 1 and dormant 2 of the battery communication interface

(J1) shall be used to enter or exit the Dormant State (see 3.6.6.1). Current through dormant 1 and
dormant 2 shall not exceed 10 mA.
a. For a battery having a SAE J2464 Hazard Severity of 4 or less for all tests except for
battery projectile penetration, the battery shall transition out of the Dormant State when dormant
1 is shorted to COM. An equivalent resistance of 100 ohms or less shall be considered
“shorted”. The battery shall transition into the Dormant State when dormant 1 is floating with
respect to COM. An equivalent resistance of 1 megaohm or greater shall be considered
“floating”. The state of dormant 2 (shorted or floating with respect to COM) shall not be
considered in determining action to enter or exit the Dormant State.
b. For a battery having a SAE J2464 Hazard Severity of greater than 4 for any tests
except for battery projectile penetration, the battery shall transition out of the Dormant State
when dormant 1 and dormant 2 are both shorted to COM. An equivalent resistance of 100 Ohms
or less shall be considered “shorted”. The battery shall transition into the Dormant State when
dormant 1 or dormant 2 are floating with respect to COM. An equivalent resistance of 1
megaohm or greater shall be considered “floating”.
A.3.3.3 Master power switch. The battery shall use master power switch in and master
power switch return configuration pins to determine when to report CAN messages on a regular
interval, and when to enable the automatic heater in the Operational State. The battery shall
determine the “On” or “Off” state of the vehicle master power switch using the master power
switch in and return contacts. Current through the master power switch in and return shall not
exceed 6 mA. The master power switch “On” and “Off” states shall be defined as follows:
a. “On” state shall be identified as a sourcing voltage equivalent to the vehicle bus
voltage range defined in MIL-STD-1275.
b. “Off” state shall be identified as an open switch, with floating potential between
master power switch in and return.
The master power switch in and return may be connected to battery power terminals or
vehicle power bus to provide the source voltage for the master power switch “On” and “Off”
signals. Alternatively, the master power switch signals may be provided by connecting master
power switch in to PWR, and master power switch return to PWR return of the battery
communication interface (J1).
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APPENDIX A
A.3.3.3.1 Virtual master power switch. For instances when a vehicle is unable to
provide the necessary master power switch signal to the battery communication interface, the
battery shall be capable of receiving the virtual master power switch (VMPS) signal as a
substitute to provide the same functionality and control over the battery. The virtual master
power switch shall be controlled using CAN messages to update the state of the virtual master
power switch as either “On” or “Off”. When the battery receives the battery configuration
message parameter “Configure VMPS Function” with value of “Enable VMPS Function”, the
battery shall ignore master power switch signals on the battery communication interface (J1) and
use the value of the “Virtual Master Power Switch Command” to provide the same functionality.
When the battery receives the battery configuration message parameter “Configure VMPS
Function” with value of “Disable VMPS Function”, the battery shall only use the master power
switch discrete signal to the communication interface. The “Configure VMPS Function” use
configuration default according to A.5.4. The state of the virtual master power switch shall be
defined as follows:
a. The state of the VMPS shall be “On” when the battery receives the battery
configuration message parameter “Virtual Master Power Switch Command” with value “VMPS
is on”. The battery configuration message shall be sent with this value at a minimum of one time
every fifteen seconds.
b. The state of the VMPS shall be “Off” when the battery receives the battery
configuration message parameter “Virtual Master Power Switch command” with value “VMPS
is off”. If a minimum of 16 seconds has elapsed since the battery received the battery
configuration message parameter “Virtual Master Power Switch Command” with a value of
“VMPS is on”, the state of the VMPS shall be “Off”.
A.3.3.4 CAN. The battery shall use the appropriate CAN shield, high, and low
connections in order to operate on CAN A and CAN B SAE J1939 vehicle networks.
A.3.3.5 Configuration pins 1-2, baud rate. The battery shall use the following
configuration pins to determine the CAN communication baud rate, based on the values of
configuration pins 1 and 2 in reference to Common (A.3.3.8). When the baud rate has not been
previously overwritten in the Maintenance State, the battery shall use the state of the
configuration pins on transition from the Initialize State to the Operational State to determine the
battery’s baud rate.
002 1 Mbps
01 500 kbps
10 250 kbps,
11 250 kbps, CAN limited mode*
The bit order shall have configuration pin 2 as the most significant bit, and configuration pin 1 as
the least significant bit.
*In CAN limited mode, all CAN bus address arbitration and initialization procedures according
to in SAE J1939, and regular interval message reporting for all CAN messages when the master
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power switch is “On” shall be disabled. The battery shall be capable of receiving request
(RQST) and other CAN messages, and respond with the appropriate CAN messages (i.e.
communicate with a diagnostic tool connected to the communication port) on both CAN A and
CAN B interfaces. This setting is only recommended for vehicles that will not be connecting
batteries to a vehicle CAN bus.
A.3.3.6 Configuration pins 3-6, position identity. The battery shall use the following
configuration pins to determine the battery position identity, based on the values of configuration
pins three (3) through six (6) in reference to Common (A.3.3.8). When the position identity has
not been previously overwritten in the Maintenance State, the battery shall use the state of the
configuration pins on transition from the Initialize State to the Operational State to determine the
battery’s position identity.
0 – E16 Positions 0 through 14

F Position 15 (defined as “Null Position ID”)
The bit order shall have configuration pin 6 as the most significant bit, and configuration pin 3 as
the least significant bit.
A.3.3.7 Reset. The reset pin is intended to be used by maintainers, and is not
recommended for operation while installed in a vehicle. The battery shall detect when reset has
changed state, in all states except the Dormant State, to perform a power cycle of the BMS while
maintaining all previous configurations, or power cycle of the BMS while restoring the battery
configuration to factory defaults. When using the reset pin to perform a battery reset, the master
power switch in and return of the battery communication interface (J1) shall remain in the “On”
state. The virtual master power switch shall not be used when using the reset pin to perform a
battery reset. The battery shall detect the state of the reset pin, shall count the duration that reset
has a value of FALSE to determine action, and perform the action when the state has changed
from FALSE (shorted to COM) to TRUE (floating from COM).
a. If reset has been FALSE for less than 3 seconds, the battery shall take no action.
b. If reset has been FALSE for at least 3 seconds, but not more than 15 seconds, the
BMS shall power cycle while maintaining all previous configurations.
c. If reset has been FALSE for 15 seconds or greater, the battery shall power cycle while
restoring the battery configuration to factory defaults. The battery shall timeout and power cycle
while restoring the battery configuration to factory defaults if reset has been FALSE for 30
seconds or more.
A.3.3.8 Common. Dormant, configuration pins and reset shall use the common pin
(COM) as a reference node. Configuration pins shorted to COM shall have the value of “0” or
“FALSE”, and floating (not shorted) to COM shall have a value of “1”, or “TRUE”. An
equivalent resistance of 100 ohms or less shall be considered “shorted”. An equivalent
resistance of 1 megaohm or greater shall be considered “floating”.
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A.4 CAN BUS
A.4.1 CAN bus physical characteristics. The CAN bus interface physical layer shall
comply with the requirements of SAE J1939-11, except timing requirements for 250 kbps baud
rate operation that are incompatible with CAN communication when the battery is configured for
500 kbps or 1 Mbps baud rates. The battery CAN shield (CAN_SHLD) shall be terminated in
accordance with the shield termination section of J1939-11. The ground for battery CAN bus
interfaces shall be terminated to the J1 CAN_GND contact with a low impedance to allow
connection to the applicable external CAN bus network ground for vehicle applications. The
battery CAN bus interfaces shall not have significant termination resistance. Termination
resistance required for CAN communication shall be provided externally. The battery shall have
one CAN bus address common for both the primary and secondary interface. The BMS shall
have one bus controller implemented for each of the CAN bus interfaces. See figure 14 for
concept diagram of CAN bus implementation.
A.4.2 CAN message response. The battery shall immediately respond to messages
(e.g. RQST message) received from CAN A or CAN B on the bus from which the message was
received. Regular interval transmission messages and messages triggered by an event shall be
transmitted on the primary CAN interface only. The Heartbeat Message shall be configurable
for concurrent transmission on both the primary and secondary CAN interfaces, or transmission
on the primary CAN interface only. If the master power switch is “Off”, and no communication
activity has occurred on the CAN bus for more than 15 minutes, the battery shall be capable of
responding to the request or other messages within 5 seconds of start of communication activity
on the CAN bus. The battery is not required to process or respond to request or other messages
intended for the battery sent before completion of this 5 second period.
A.4.3 Primary CAN interface selection. The battery shall use the “Set Primary CAN
Interface” parameter of the battery configuration message to select the primary CAN interface
(CAN A or CAN B). See section A.5.4 for configuration default.
A.4.4 Heartbeat CAN interface selection. The heartbeat message shall use the
“Heartbeat CAN Interface” parameter of the battery configuration message to select the CAN
Interface which the message shall be transmitted. See section A.5.4 for configuration default.
A.4.5 Bit timing. The CAN bus physical bit timings, as specified in ISO 11898-1 and
ISO 11898-2, for the BMS systems are as follows:
a. The sample point shall be as close to, but not later than 87.5 percent of the bit time.
b. The synchronization jump width shall be 1-time quanta.
c. The sampling mode shall be single sampling.
d. The synchronization shall be ‘recessive to dominant’ edges only.
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A.4.6 BMS J1939 implementation. The BMS shall be compliant to the following SAE
J1939 standards:
a. SAE J1939
b. SAE J1939-11
c. SAE J1939-21
d. SAE J1939-31
e. SAE J1939-71
f. SAE J1939-73
g. SAE J1939-81
A.4.7 NAME of controller application. The battery shall have a NAME in accordance
with SAE J1939-81. The NAME shall be communicated on the CAN bus when a request
Message is received for address claimed, and as required according to SAE J1939. The battery
NAME shall be configurable in the Maintenance State using the SAE J1939 NAME management
message. The battery NAME shall revert to the original NAME based on defaults when
“Restore Defaults” in the battery configuration message has a value of “Restore all settings to
Factory defaults”, “Clear all parameter overwrites (except PGN Tx Rates), restore defaults”, or
when the reset pin method (see A.3.3.7 c) is used. The function instance field of the battery
NAME, shall be equal to the position identity, unless configured otherwise in the Maintenance
State. For example, battery with position identity 0 shall have the function instance field of set
to 0.
A.4.8 Preferred source address. The battery, by default, shall use the preferred source
address based on the battery position identity according to table III.
a. The arbitrary address capability shall be enabled or disabled using the NAME
management message, according to SAE J1939-81, by using the Commanded Arbitrary Address
Capable parameter in the Maintenance State. The NAME arbitrary address capable field shall be
updated accordingly.
b. The battery shall use the value of the commanded address message as the preferred
source address when configured in the Maintenance State and stored in memory. When the
battery preferred address has been configured with a commanded address message, arbitrary
address capability shall be disabled, and the NAME arbitrary address capable field shall be
updated accordingly. Immediately following a valid commanded address message in accordance
with SAE J1939, the battery shall change the preferred source address and perform address
claim.
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c. The battery preferred source address and arbitrary address capability shall be
restored to configuration defaults (see A.5.4) when the battery configuration message “Restore
Defaults” parameter has a value of “Restore all settings to Factory defaults” or “Clear all
parameter overwrites (except PGN Tx Rates), restore defaults”, or when the reset pin method
(see A.3.3.7 c) is used. The NAME message shall be updated accordingly.
A.4.9 Arbitrary address capability. When battery address arbitration capability is

enabled, the battery shall follow address arbitration procedures according to SAE J1939. When
the battery is unable to claim its preferred source address due to address contention, the battery
shall not attempt to claim any source address listed in table III. The battery shall first attempt to
claim the source address that is one less than the lowest value source address listed in table III.
Further attempts shall use a source address with a value of one less than the previous attempt,
until attempting to claim address 128. If battery is unable to claim address 128, the battery shall
perform Cannot Claim Address procedures according to SAE J1939.
A.5 PROGRAM, CONFIGURATION, AND DATA MEMORY
A.5.1 Hardware and software version. See table A-I and table A-II for hardware and
software version format.
TABLE A-I. Hardware version format.
Parameter name Format Description

Part Number 123456789012345- Part number of ECU.
00.ab* Position 1-15: alphanumeric part number of ECU per USG
inventory system.
Position 16-18: identifies dash version (-00, -01, etc).
Numeric.
Position 19-20: identifies changes to the version that do not
impact vehicle version identification (VVID) or do not
change the ICD. Reported and displayed as lowercase. Not
checked during VVID.
Serial Number 123456789012345* ECU serial number. Represented by alphanumeric characters.
Location/Name Abcdefghijk* Name of ECU.
Type NA (*) Reserved. Only ‘*’ delimiter.
Manufacturer Abcdefghijk* Name of Manufacturer. Can be descriptive name if name is

too long. Alphanumeric.
Classification TypeX-ClassXsub- MIL-PRF-32565 classification of the battery: type 1 or 2
classificationX* (numeric); class A or B (uppercase); 55, 75, or 90 sub-
classification (numeric). (Ex. 1-A55*)
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TABLE A-II. Software version format.
Parameter name Format Description
Number of Software 1-7* (1 byte) Identifies how many software versions will be reported. Will
Identification Fields be a minimum of ECU software version and up to 6 ECU
subsystems .
ECU software version 01.23.45.ab.cd* ECU software version.

01 - numeric characters, indicate major version
23 - numeric characters, indicate intermediate version
45 - numeric characters, indicate minor version
ab - non-numeric characters, indicate changes to the version
that do not impact the VVID or do not change the ICD.
Reported and displayed as lowercase.
cd - non-numeric characters, indicate engineering version,
blank for software released after qualification. Reported and
displayed as lowercase.
Note: numeric characters are 0-9; non-numeric characters are

a-z.
ECU subsystem 1 01.23.45.ab.cd* For subsystem if necessary. Follows same format as ECU
software version software version.
ECU subsystem 2 01.23.45.ab.cd* For subsystem if necessary. Follows same format as ECU
… … …
ECU subsystem n 01.23.45.ab.cd* For subsystem if necessary. Follows same format as ECU
A.5.2 Firmware diagnostics. Firmware diagnostic programs shall be stored in non-

volatile memory. Programs and data stored in non-volatile memory shall include system level or
maintenance software, firmware upgrade procedures, configuration identifier, data download,
diagnostic filtering algorithms, DTC status, proprietary PGN and SPN functionality, and data
transmission rates.
A.5.3 Firmware update. Firmware update shall be performed over the CAN bus.
Firmware update method over CAN bus shall follow the SAE J1939 guidelines for memory
access and reflashing (see J1939-73 for more information), and the method shall be destination
specific. The method shall be performed using standard J1939 messaging for memory update
operations including the Transport Protocol and the following messages as appropriate: Stop
Start Broadcast (DM13), Memory Access Request (DM14), Memory Access Response (DM15),
Binary Data Transfer (DM16), Boot Load Data (DM17), and Data Security (DM18). The battery
shall implement a method to prevent unauthorized access to the firmware update and memory
access functions in accordance with J1939-73 security processes for DM14 through DM18. The
battery shall not require removal from the vehicle CAN bus to perform firmware update. The
firmware update method shall not impair other controller applications on the vehicle CAN bus.
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Firmware transfer and installation to completion shall not exceed 15 minutes. Firmware updates
shall be provided as binary files that may be executed using software provided for a field-service
Maintenance Support Device (laptop computer).
A.5.3.1 Stop Start Broadcast. Military platforms may use the Stop Start Broadcast
(DM13) message to temporarily reduce the amount of data bus utilization for routine
communication, in order to increase data bus availability for controller application
reprogramming messages. The DM13 message shall be used to reduce battery CAN messages
transmitted on the CAN bus when necessary. The battery shall respond to “Current Data Link”
and “J1939 Network #1” fields of the DM13 message in accordance with to SAE J1939. As an
alternative to SAE J1939 defined usage of the DM13 message, the platform embedded
information system may send the DM13 message with “Current Data Link” or “J1939 Network
#1” fields set to “Stop Broadcast” to the global address a minimum rate of once every 5 seconds.
In this case, the Battery shall resume normal operations when the DM13 message is not received
for 6 seconds or more, or when the DM13 message is received with “Current Data Link” or
“J1939 Network #1” fields set to “Start Broadcast.” When a DM13 message is received on
either CAN A or CAN B interfaces, the requested action shall be applied to both CAN A and
CAN B interfaces in accordance with SAE J1939. When the DM13 stop broadcast command is
active, the battery shall continue to send any messages necessary for safe operation or to support
battery regulation on the vehicle, which at a minimum shall include the battery calculations 1,
battery regulation information 1 and 2, protected state, and DM1 messages.
A.5.4 Configuration defaults. The battery shall use the following configuration values
by default, when using the battery configuration message “Restore Defaults” parameter, or when
the reset pin method (see A.3.3.7 c) is used:
a. Preferred Source Address: Based on position identity according to table III
b. NAME: In accordance with SAE J1939, function instance equal to position identity
c. Battery Battle Override: Battery Battle Override disabled
d. Automatic Heater Function: Enable Automatic Heater Function
e. Command Contactor(s): Automatic Contactor(s) Operation
f. Baud Rate: Based on configuration pin values
g. Position Identity: Based on configuration pin values
h. Arbitrary Address Capability: Enabled
i. Primary CAN Interface: CAN A
j. Heartbeat CAN Interface: Primary CAN Interface Only
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k. Configure VMPS Function: Disable VMPS Function
l. SOC Reserve Limit: 0 percent SOC
m. Standby: Disabled.
n. Application Overcurrent Limit 1: Disabled
o. Application Overcurrent Period 1: NA
p. Application Overcurrent Limit 2: Disabled
q. Application Overcurrent Period 2: NA
A.5.5 Configuration overwrite. The battery shall accept values for baud rate and
position identity using the “Overwrite Baud Rate” and “Overwrite Position Identity” parameters
of the battery configuration message, which shall be used for configuration in place of the
configuration pin values. The function instance field of the SAE J1939 NAME and the preferred
source address (see table III) shall be updated accordingly when the position identity parameter
is overwritten. Configuration overwrites shall be retained in all battery states, except when the
baud rate and position identity are restored to configuration defaults (see A.5.4). The battery
shall restore baud rate and position identity to configuration defaults when the following occur:
a. Battery configuration message “Restore Defaults” parameter has a value of “Clear all
parameter overwrites (except PGN Tx Rates), restore defaults”
b. Battery configuration message “Restore Defaults” parameters has a value of “Restore

all settings to Factory defaults”
c. The reset pin method (see A.3.3.7 c) is used
The configuration overwrite to configuration pins or the restoration of defaults for baud rate and
position identity in the Maintenance State shall be implemented to the baud rate, position identity
and preferred source address after the battery has completed the next Initialize State after exiting
the Maintenance State. This action to initialize the battery shall be accomplished by cycling the
dormant pins, performing a hard or soft reset, or using the reset pin method (see A.3.3.7 b).
A.5.6 CAN message transmission rates. Standard messages defined in SAE J1939 shall
be transmitted in accordance with SAE J1939 guidelines. All battery SAE J1939 Proprietary B
messages and other messages with a regular transmission interval shall have transmission rates
configured using the battery configuration message “Configure PGN” and “PGN Tx Rate”
parameters. Unless specified otherwise, messages with battery level measurement data shall
transmit by default at a rate of once per second, and messages with calculated data shall transmit
by default at a rate of once per 15 seconds. Unless specified otherwise, the battery heartbeat
message and battery regulation information 1 message shall be the only messages capable of
transmission at a rate faster than once per second (see corresponding message definitions for
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supported rates). Unless specified otherwise, the heartbeat message or state messages shall be
communicated on state change by default. No more than one state change shall be transmitted
per second. Messages containing other data types or manufacturer specific parameters shall be
transmitted on request by default. CAN message transmission rate overwrites shall be retained
in all battery states, unless restored to their default CAN message transmission rates. The battery
shall restore CAN messages to their default transmission rate when the following occur:
a. Battery configuration message “Configure PGN” parameter has a value equal to a

particular message’s assigned PGN, and “PGN Tx Rate” has a value of “Reset PGN to its default
Tx Rate”.
b. Battery configuration message “Restore Defaults” parameter has a value of “Clear all
PGN Tx Rate overwrites, restore defaults”.
c. Battery configuration message “Restore Defaults” parameters has a value of “Restore

all settings to Factory defaults”
d. The reset pin method (see A.3.3.7 c) is used
A.5.7 Application Management Commands and Limits. The battery shall support the
following application management commands and limits to support battery integration on
vehicle systems and other applications.
A.5.7.1 Transportability Command. The battery shall support the transportability

command. This parameter shall be used to maintain the battery at a particular state of charge to
support application transportability requirements when operated in a vehicle or system. The
battery shall not alter operation of the battery contactor(s), the bus voltage request parameter, or
the maximum charge current parameter based on the transportability command. The
transportability command shall only be used when the battery is in the Operational State. The
battery shall report the present value of the battery configuration message “Transportability
Command” parameter in the battery regulation information 2 message “Transportability SOC”
parameter. The transportability command parameter must be sent a minimum of once every 15
seconds to maintain reporting the value of the “Transportability Command” parameter in the
“Transportability SOC” parameter. The battery shall report the value “NA” in the battery
regulation information 2 message “Transportability SOC” parameter when the battery
configuration message “Transportability Command” parameter has not been received within a
period of 16 seconds, or when the “Transportability Command” parameter has a value of
“Disable Transportability Command”.
A.5.7.2 SOC Reserve Limit. The battery shall have a configurable SOC reserve limit.
This limit shall be used to transition the battery to the Protected State when the battery state-of-
charge falls below this limit while the battery is discharging or has no load, in order to limit
battery operation below this limit. This limit shall only be used when the battery is in the
Operational State. When the only cause for Protected State is that the battery state-of-charge has
fallen below the SOC reserve limit, and the battery protection is reset according to methods
specified in 3.6.6.5, the battery shall return to the Operational State for a minimum of 5 minutes.
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The battery shall not return to the Protected State due to the SOC reserve limit while the battery
is charging, unless charging ceases for more than five minutes and the battery state-of-charge is
below the SOC reserve limit. This limit shall be temporarily suspended when the battery battle-
override command is received as specified in 3.3.6. The limit shall also be temporarily
suspended when the battery configuration message “pulse power control” parameter has a value
of “pulse power control is on”. The pulse power control parameter shall be received at a
minimum of once every 15 seconds to suspend battery actions based on the SOC reserve limit.
The battery shall restore the SOC reserve limit when the battery configuration message “pulse
power control” parameter has not been received within a period of 16 seconds, or when the
“pulse power control” parameter has a value of “pulse power control is off”. When the battery is
in the Protected State with a battery state-of-charge below the SOC reserve limit, the battery
shall be capable of entering the Maintenance State. The SOC reserve limit shall be configured in
the Maintenance State. When the SOC Reserve Limit is configured to 0 percent, this feature
shall be deactivated. See section A.5.4 for configuration default.
A.5.7.3 Application overcurrent limits and application overcurrent periods. The battery
shall support configurable application overcurrent limits and periods. These parameters shall be
used to allow the vehicle system or platform to limit the amount of discharge current from the
battery, in order to reduce damage to components or systems other than the battery or reduce risk
of injury to personnel from overcurrent abuse conditions that may not activate primary battery
overcurrent protection (3.11.2.1), especially when using multiple batteries connected in parallel
in a battery pack. The application overcurrent limits are not intended to be used as primary
overcurrent protection, or used in place of other overcurrent protection devices (e.g. fuses) for
components or systems susceptible to overcurrent damage. The battery shall transition to the
Protected State when the battery detects discharge current magnitude has exceeded the value of
an application overcurrent limit for an amount of time greater than the application overcurrent
period, in order to limit battery operation when discharge current exceeds a level determined by
the intended application. When a fault condition activates both the battery primary battery
overcurrent protection (3.11.2.1) and the application overcurrent limit protection, the primary
battery overcurrent protection (3.11.2.1) shall have precedence over the application overcurrent
limits, and the battery shall respond in accordance with the primary battery overcurrent
protection (3.11.2.1) regimen. The battery shall not apply these limits to charge current. The
application overcurrent limit 1 and period 1 shall apply only to discharge current when the
battery master power switch is “Off”. The application overcurrent limit 2 and period 2 shall
apply only to discharge current when the master power switch is “On”. When the battery master
power switch is “Off”, initial detection of discharge current for application overcurrent limit 1
may be delayed by a maximum of 2 seconds. The time duration of current excursion shall be
monitored and compared against the application overcurrent period after initial detection of the
current exceeding the application overcurrent limit. The battery shall enter the Protected State
and open battery contactor(s) a maximum of one second after detection that the application
overcurrent period 1 or 2 has been exceeded. When the only cause for the battery being in the
Protected State is that the battery discharge current magnitude exceeds the application
overcurrent limit for an amount of time greater than the application overcurrent period, the
battery shall not attempt to remove the fault automatically and shall only return to normal
operations when one of reset protection methods specified in 3.6.6.5 is used. These limits shall
be temporarily suspended when the battery battle-override command is received as specified in
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3.3.6. These limits shall also be temporarily suspended when the battery configuration message
“pulse power control” parameter has a value of “pulse power control is on”. The pulse power
control parameter must be sent at a minimum of once every 15 seconds to suspend battery
actions based on application overcurrent limits. The battery shall restore the application
overcurrent limits and application overcurrent periods when the battery configuration message
“pulse power control” parameter has not been received within a period of 16 seconds, or when
the “pulse power control” parameter has a value of “pulse power control is off”. When the
battery is in the Protected State due to operation that exceeds these limits, the battery shall be
capable of entering the Maintenance State. The application overcurrent limits and application
overcurrent periods shall be configured in the Maintenance State. When the application
overcurrent limit is configured to a value of “Disable Application Overcurrent Limit (1 or 2)”,
both the application overcurrent limit and corresponding application overcurrent period shall be
disabled. See section A.5.3 for configuration defaults.
A.5.8 Long term fault data storage . See 3.6.8 for requirement. The battery shall
provide a capability to access active and previously active faults, including at a minimum the
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) fault and time stamp, or date and time of occurrence, in non-
volatile memory over the CAN bus.
A.5.9 Short term fault data storage. See 3.6.9 for requirement. The battery shall detect
and report DTCs for faults at a periodic rate and store the DTC in volatile memory or non-
volatile memory as required. The battery shall provide a first-in last-out data stack for each DTC
Status. No more than one state change per DTC shall be transmitted per second, except for
critical or safety DTCs.
A.5.10 BMS CAN J1939 application layer. The battery shall use CAN (J1939) industry
standard to include BMS embedded diagnostics with real-time Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
reporting.
A.5.11 Diagnostics. The battery shall provide diagnostic capability for fault and failure
detection from built-in tests. BIT results shall be provided in messages over the CAN bus, and
faults and failures shall be communicated in the form of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs).
Diagnostic capabilities shall follow SAE J1939-73 for Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)
information and management.
A.5.11.1 Diagnostic trouble code lamps. Lamp status for all battery diagnostic trouble
codes shall be set to “off” and the flash shall be set to “do not flash” for all lamps.
A.5.11.2 Conversion method. The DTCs shall use conversion method version 4.
A.5.11.3 Diagnostic trouble code severity level. The following guidelines shall be used
when determining the severity level of a fault for Failure Mode Indicator (FMI) definition.
a. Least severe level FMI shall be used for a SPN that has deviated outside of a
limitation imposed by battery configuration (e.g. SOC reserve limit) or battery control, that may
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or may not cause the battery to transition to the Protected State. The SPN is not outside of the
normal operating region.
b. Moderately severe level FMI shall be used for a SPN that has deviated outside of the
normal operating region, and the deviation causes the battery to transition to the Protected State.
It may be possible for the fault condition to be resolved if the battery has sufficient relaxation (no
load) time, or if minimal action (e.g. reset command) is taken.
c. Most severe level FMI shall be used for a SPN that has deviated outside of the normal
operating region, and the deviation causes the battery to transition to the Protected State. The
fault condition is unlikely to be resolved with minimal intervention, and the battery may need to
be serviced with maintenance activity.
A.5.11.4 SPNs for diagnostics only. The following SPNs defined are used for
diagnostics only, and are not associated with a PGN.
SPN Definition
518144 Cell equalization fault.
518143 Cell (non-specific) voltage fault.
A.5.11.5 DTC fault conditions. The following diagnostic trouble codes and fault
conditions shall be used for SPNs defined within this specification, however, the manufacturer
may define additional fault conditions as required. The manufacturer is required to define the
diagnostic trouble codes and fault conditions for manufacturer specific SPNs. Fault conditions
listed as optional shall only be reported if implemented by manufacturer’s design.
SPN FMI Fault Condition

516143 2 Other subsystem fault.
516146 0 Battery voltage is above maximum operating voltage. Most severe level.
516146 1 Battery voltage is below minimum operating voltage. Most severe level.
516146 2 Battery voltage sensor error.
516146 6 Battery voltage grounded circuit fault.
516146 13 Battery voltage sensor out of calibration. (Optional)
516146 16 Battery voltage is above maximum operating voltage. Moderately severe
level.
516146 18 Battery voltage is below minimum operating voltage. Moderately severe
level.
516147 0 Battery charge current exceeded operating limit. Most severe level.
516147 1 Battery discharge current exceeded operating limit. Most severe level.
516147 2 Battery current sensor error.
516147 13 Battery current sensor out of calibration. (Optional)
516147 16 Battery charge current exceeded operating limit. Moderately severe level.
516147 17 Battery discharge current exceeded an application overcurrent limit. Least
severe level.
516147 18 Battery discharge current exceeded operating limit. Moderately severe level.
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516148 0 Battery temperature is above maximum operating temperature. Most severe
level.
516148 1 Battery temperature is below minimum operating temperature. Most severe
level.
516148 2 Battery temperature sensor error.
516148 13 Battery temperature sensor out of calibration. (Optional)
516148 16 Battery temperature is above maximum operating temperature. Moderately
severe level.
516148 18 Battery temperature is below minimum operating temperature. Moderately
severe level.
516150 0 Battery is in the overcharge condition. Most severe level.
516150 1 Battery is in the overdischarge condition. Most severe level.
516150 16 Battery is in the overcharge condition. Moderately severe level.
516150 17 Battery SOC is below the SOC reserve limit. Least severe level.
516150 18 Battery is in the overdischarge condition. Moderately severe level.
516160 2 Battery master power switch subsystem fault. (Optional)
516160 31 Reserved for manufacturer definition. (Optional)
516171 2 Battery heater subsystem fault.
516171 5 Battery heater cannot be activated (stuck open).
516171 6 Battery heater cannot be deactivated (stuck closed).
516173 2 Battery contactor(s) subsystem fault.
516173 5 Battery contactor(s) cannot be activated (stuck open).
516173 6 Battery contactor(s) cannot be deactivated (stuck closed).
516174 2 Battery charge capability fault.
516174 5 Battery is unable to accept charge. Charge path is open.
516174 6 Battery is unable regulate or stop charge. Charge path is closed.
516182 0 Internal pack voltage is above maximum operating voltage. Most severe
level.
516182 1 Internal pack voltage is below minimum operating voltage. Most severe
level.
516182 2 Internal pack voltage sensor error.
516182 13 Internal pack voltage sensor out of calibration. (Optional)
516182 16 Internal pack voltage is above maximum operating voltage. Moderately
severe level.
516182 18 Internal pack voltage is below minimum operating voltage. Moderately
severe level.
518143 0 One or more cells is above maximum operating voltage. Most severe level.
518143 1 One or more cells is below minimum operating voltage. Most severe level.
518143 2 Cell (non-specific) voltage sensor error.
518143 16 One or more cells is above maximum operating voltage. Moderately severe
level.
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518143 18 One or more cells is below minimum operating voltage. Moderately severe
level.
518144 2 Cell equalization subsystem fault. (Optional)
A.6 MESSAGES
A.6.1 Messages. This section specifies the messages that each J1939 controller
application interface shall send and receive as part of the SAE J1939 protocol, in addition to the
messages which are battery specific.
A.6.2 SAE J1939 messages. The following are messages supported as part of the
SAE J1939 Network Management protocol and shall be the minimum, but not limited to, set of
messages used by the battery to facilitate integration onto the target platform’s SAE J1939
network.
a. NAME Management (NM) message
b. Request (RQST)
c. Address Claimed (AC) (contains NAME of a Controller Application)
d. Acknowledgement Message (ACKM)
e. Commanded Address (CA)
f. Active Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DM1)
g. Stop Start Broadcast (DM13)
h. Memory Access Request (DM14)
i. Memory Access Response (DM15)
j. Binary Data Transfer (DM16)
k. Transport Protocol – Connection Management (TP.CM)
l. Connection Mode Request to Send (TP.CM_RTS)
m. Connection Mode Clear to Send (TP.CM_CTS)
n. Connection Management End of Message Acknowledgment

(TP.CM_EndOfMsgACK)
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o. Connection Abort (TP_Conn_Abort)
p. Transport Protocol – Data Transfer (TP.DT)
q. Vehicle Electrical Power #5 (VEP5)
r. ECU Identification Information (ECUID)
s. Software Identification (SOFT)
The support for the following SAE J1939 messages is optional. The battery shall support these
messages if the function intended by the message is needed. Proprietary implementation
duplicating these functions require justification and approval by the Qualifying Activity.
a. Previously Active Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DM2)
b. Diagnostic Data Clear/Reset of Previously Active DTCs (DM3)
c. Diagnostic Data Clear/Reset For Active DTCs (DM11)
d. Boot Load Data (DM17)
e. Data Security (DM18)
A.6.3 Battery specific messages. The following data (SAE J1939 PDU2 Format –
Proprietary B) shall be made available by the battery when in the Operational State:
a. Battery Configuration Message(s)
b. Heartbeat Message
c. Battery Measurement Message(s)
d. Battery Calculations Message(s)
e. Battery Regulation Information Message(s)
f. Battery Power Capability Estimation Message(s)
g. Battery State Messages (s)
h. Battery Built-in Test (PBIT, CBIT) Results Message(s)
i. Cell Voltage Message(s)
j. Battery Equalization Message(s)
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k. Battery Manufacturer Specific Message(s)
A.6.4 BMS parameter group number (PGN) and suspect parameter number (SPN)
reservation and prohibition. Proprietary messages defined by the battery manufacturer shall not
use a Parameter Group Number (PGN) reserved for Government definition or PGNs that are
prohibited in this specification. Suspect Parameter Numbers for manufacturer specific
parameters shall not use a Suspect Parameter Number reserved for Government definition.
a. PGN 61184 Proprietary A, Data Page 0, Control Bytes 0 through 63 reserved for
USG definition.
b. PGN 61184 Proprietary A, Data Page 0, Control Bytes 64 through 250 reserved for
manufacturer definition.
c. PGN 65280 – 65343 Proprietary B, Data Page 0 reserved for USG definition.
d. PGN 65344 – 65535 Proprietary B, Data Page 0 reserved for manufacturer

definition.
e. Proprietary B, Data Page 1 shall not be used for messaging on the CAN bus.
f. Proprietary A, Data Page 1 is open for manufacturer definition and use.
g. SPN 516096 – 518144 are reserved for USG definition.
h. SPN 518145 – 524287 are reserved for manufacturer definition.
A.6.5 Proprietary A J1939 PGN Message Definition and Structure. The following
message (SAE J1939 PDU1 Format – Proprietary A) shall be used to enable battery battle
override, enable/disable the heaters and contactors, enter/exit the Maintenance State, set
configurable parameters, or perform other configuration functions within the battery. The first
byte of the message shall be the Control byte, with values 0 through 63 reserved for Government
definition. The battery shall provide an Acknowledgement message each time a battery
configuration message is received. The range of values for parameters used in Proprietary A/A2
messages shall conform to J1939-71 (see sections Parameter Ranges and Assignment of Ranges
to New Parameters) when applicable.
NOTE: In the following message(s), bit significance shall be in the following order: bit closest
to position (x.1) is least significant, and bit closest to position (x.8) is most significant.
PGN 61184
Description: Battery Configuration

Transmission Repetition Rate: On Request
Data Length: 8,
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Extended Data Page: 0
Data Page: 0
PDU Format: 239 (0xEF)
PDU Specific: DA
Default Priority: 6
Parameter Group Number: 61184
Data Field:
Control Byte = 010

Position Length Parameter Name (SPN) Resolution Offset
1.1-1.8 8 bits Control Byte
2.1-2.2 2 bits Battery Battle Override
2.3-2.4 2 bits Automatic Heater Function
2.5-2.6 2 bits Command Contactor(s)
2.7-2.8 2 bits Primary CAN Interface
3.1-3.2 2 bits Reset
3.3-3.4 2 bits Maintenance State
3.5-3.6 2 bits Virtual Master Power Switch Command
3.7-3.8 2 bits Pulse Power Control
Control Byte = 1
2.1-2.2 2 bits Restore Defaults
2.3-2.4 2 bits Heartbeat CAN Interface
3.1-3.2 2 bits Overwrite Baud Rate
3.3-3.6 4 bits Overwrite Position ID
3.7-3.8 2 bits Configure VMPS Function
4.1-6.8 24 bits Configure PGN
7.1-7.5 5 bits PGN Tx Rate
Control Byte = 2
2.1-2.2 2 bits Standby
3.1-3.8 8 bits Standby Suspend Period 1 minute/bit 0
4.1-4.8 8 bits Transportability Command 0.5%/bit 0
Control Byte = 3
2.1-2.8 8 bits SOC Reserve Limit 0.5%/bit 0%
3.1-3.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Limit 1 5A/bit 0
4.1-4.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Period 1 0.25s/bit 0
5.1-5.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Limit 2 5A/bit 0
6.1-6.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Limit 2 0.25s/bit 0
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J1939 SPN Message Definitions
SPN (516096) Control Byte

Supporting Information: Control byte associated with the battery configuration message.
SPN (516097) Battery Battle Override*:

002 Disable Battle Override
01 Enable Battle Override
10 Reserved
11 NA
*Configuration parameter can be set outside of Maintenance State.
SPN (516098) Automatic Heater Function*:

002 Disable Automatic Heater Function
01 Enable Automatic Heater Function
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516099) Command Contactor(s)*:

002 Open Contactor(s)
01 Automatic Contactor Operation
10 Force Close Contactor(s)**
11 NA
** Ability to force close the contactor (s) shall only be allowable in the Maintenance State.
Battery shall provide negative acknowledgement to “Force Close Contactor(s)” if battery is not
in the Maintenance State.
SPN (516100) Primary CAN Interface*:

002 CAN B Primary Interface
01 CAN A Primary Interface
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516101) Reset*:

002 Hard Reset**
01 Soft Reset***
10 Reset Protection
11 NA
**Shall include power cycling the battery (BMS) hardware
***Battery Manufacturer to define. Not to include power cycling of the battery (BMS).
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SPN (516102) Maintenance State*:
002 Exit Maintenance State
01 Enter Maintenance State
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516103) Virtual Master Power Switch Command*:

002 VMPS is off
01 VMPS is on
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516113) Pulse Power Control*:

Supporting Information: The pulse power control is a signal sent to the battery to indicate that a
high pulse power event, such as a vehicle engine start, is required from the battery.
002 Pulse Power Control is off
01 Pulse Power Control is on
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516104) Restore Defaults:

002 Restore all settings to Factory defaults
01 Clear all parameter overwrites (except PGN Tx Rates), restore defaults
10 Clear all PGN Tx Rate overwrites, restore defaults
11 NA
SPN (516105) Heartbeat CAN Interface:

002 Primary and Secondary CAN Interface
01 Primary CAN Interface Only
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516107) Overwrite Baud Rate:

002 1 Mbps
01 500 Kbps
10 250 Kbps
11 NA
SPN (516108) Overwrite Position ID:

0 –E16 Positions 0 through 14
F NA
SPN (516109) Configure VMPS Function
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002 Disable VMPS Function
01 Enable VMPS Function
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516110) Configure PGN:

Supporting Information: See SAE J1939-21 section Parameter Group Number (PGN) for
definition.
SPN (516111) PGN Tx Rate*:

0016 On Request only
01-0F 1, 2, 3 … 15 seconds
10 On State Change
11 100 ms*
12 250 ms*
13 500 ms*
14-1D Reserved
1E Reset PGN to its default Tx Rate
1F NA
*100 ms, 250 ms, 500 ms, and On State Change may only be used for messages that support
these transmission rates. The battery shall provide negative acknowledgement if the selected rate
is not supported for the message provided in the “Configure PGN” value.
SPN (516112) State of Charge (SOC) Reserve Limit

Supporting Information: The State of Charge (SOC) Reserve Limit shall be used to prevent
battery from full discharging in the intended application
00 – C816 0% to 100% SOC limit
C9-FE Reserved
FF NA
SPN (516114) Standby*:

Supporting Information: Standby is used to alter the state of the contactor when the battery is in
the Operational State.
002 Disable Standby
01 Enable Standby
10 Reserved
11 NA
SPN (516115) Standby Suspend Period*

Supporting Information: Standby suspend period is used to set the amount of time before the
battery enables standby.
0016 No suspend period
01-FA 1 to 250 minutes
FB-FE Reserved
FF NA
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SPN (516116) Transportability Command*

Supporting Information: Transportability command is used to alter the regulation messages in
the Operational State to support maintaining a particular battery state of charge for
transportability purposes.
00 – C816 0-100%
C9 – FA Reserved
FB Disable Transportability Command
FC – FE Reserved
FF NA
SPN (516117) Application Overcurrent Limit 1

Supporting Information: The system overcurrent limit shall be used to prevent the battery from
discharging in excess of the limit specified in the intended application, similar in operation to a
circuit breaker. The application overcurrent limit 1 applies only to discharge current when the
battery master power switch is “Off”.
00-0416 Reserved
05 – DC16 25 to 1100 Amperes
DD – FA Reserved
FB Disable System Overcurrent Limit 1
FC-FE Reserved
FF NA
SPN (516118) Application Overcurrent Period 1

Supporting Information: The system over current period shall be used to set the amount of time
the discharge current exceeds the system overcurrent limit 1 before transitioning to the Protected
State.
0016 Reserved
00 – FA 0.25 – 60 seconds
FB – FE Reserved
FF NA
SPN (516119) Application Overcurrent Limit 2

Supporting Information: The system overcurrent limit shall be used to prevent the battery from
discharging above a limit specified in the intended application, similar in operation to a circuit
breaker. The application overcurrent limit 2 applies only to discharge current when the battery
master power switch is “On”.
00-0416 Reserved
05 – DC16 25 to 1100 Amperes
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DD – FA Reserved
FB Disable System Overcurrent Limit 2
FC-FE Reserved
FF NA
SPN (516120) Application Overcurrent Period 2

Supporting Information: The system over current period shall be used to set the amount of time
the discharge current exceeds the application overcurrent limit 2 before transitioning to the
Protected State.
0016 Reserved
00-FA 0.25 – 60 seconds
FB-FE Reserved
FF NA
A.6.6 Proprietary B J1939 PGN message definition and structure. The battery shall
provide the following Proprietary B, Data Page 0 messages as specified. The range of values for
parameters used in Proprietary B PGNs shall conform to J1939-71 (see sections Parameter
Ranges and Assignment of Ranges to New Parameters) when applicable.
NOTE: In the following messages, bit significance shall be in the following order: bit closest to
position (x.1) is least significant, and bit closest to position (x.8) is most significant.
PGN 65280
Description: Heartbeat
Transmission Repetition Rate: 100 ms , 250 ms, 500 ms, 1000 ms to 15000 ms, On State
Change, On Request (On State Change by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
PDU Format: 255 (0xFF)
PDU Specific: 00 (0x00)
Default Priority: 3
Data Field:
Position Length Parameter Name (SPN)

2.1-2.2 2 bits Primary CAN Interface
2.3-2.4 2 bits Heartbeat CAN Interface
3.1-3.2 2 bits Battery Status
3.3-3.4 2 bits CAN A Status
3.5-3.6 2 bits CAN B Status

SPN (516140) Primary CAN Interface:
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002 CAN B Primary Interface
01 CAN A Primary Interface
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516141) Heartbeat CAN Interface:

002 Primary and Secondary CAN Interface
01 Primary CAN Interface Only
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516143) Battery Status

002 Battery has normal function
01 Battery has a fault
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516144) CAN A Status

002 CAN A is not operational
01 CAN A is operational
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516145) CAN B Status

002 CAN B is not operational
01 CAN B is operational
10 Error
11 NA
PGN 65281
Description: Battery Measurements 1
Transmission Repetition Rate: 1000 ms to 15000 ms, On Request (1000 ms by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 5
Data Field:

1.1-2.8 16 bit Internal Pack Voltage 0.05V/bit 0
3.1-3.8 8 bit Battery Internal Temperature (C) 1oC/bit -55 °C
4.1-5.1 9 bit Battery Internal Temperature (F) 1oF/bit -67 °F
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SPN (516182) Internal Pack Voltage

Supporting Information: The voltage as measured across the battery’s internal cell assembly.
SPN (516148) Internal Battery Temperature (C)

Supporting Information: The internal temperature of the battery, referenced in Celsius.
SPN (516149) Internal Battery Temperature (F)

Supporting Information: The internal temperature of the battery, referenced in Fahrenheit.
PGN 65282
Description: Battery Calculations 1
Transmission Repetition Rate: 15000 ms, On Request (15000 ms by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 5
Data Field:

2.1-2.8 8 bit Battery State of Charge 0.5%/bit 0%
3.1-3.8 8 bit Battery State of Health 0.5%/bit 0%
4.1-4.8 8 bit Battery Capacity Estimation 1 Ah/bit 0
5.1-6.2 10 bit Time Remaining 0.1 hour 0 hour
SPN (516150) Battery State of Charge

Supporting Information: The battery’s estimated state of charge reported as a percentage.
SPN (516151) Battery State of Health

Supporting Information: The battery’s estimated state of health reported as a percentage.
SPN (516152) Battery Capacity Estimation

Supporting Information: The battery’s estimated full charge capacity reported in amp hours (Ah).
SPN (516153) Time Remaining

Supporting Information: The amount of time, reported in hours, the battery has at its present state
of charge before it reaches the SOC reserve limit under present discharge conditions.
PGN 65283
Description: Battery Regulation Information 1
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Transmission Repetition Rate: 100 ms (optional), 250 ms (optional), 500 ms, 1000 ms to 15000
ms, On Request (1000 ms by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 4
Data Field:

1.1-2.8 16 bit Battery Voltage 0.05V/bit 0V
3.1-4.8 16 bit Open Circuit Voltage 0.05V/bit 0V
5.1-6.8 16 bit Battery Current 0.05A/bit -1600A
7.1-8.8 16 bit Maximum Charge Current 0.05A/bit 0A
SPN (516146) Battery Voltage

Supporting Information: The voltage as measured across the battery’s external power terminals.
SPN (516155) Open Circuit Voltage

Supporting Information: The estimated open circuit voltage based on the present condition of the
battery.
SPN (516147) Battery Current

Supporting Information: The net battery charge current (positive) to or discharge current
(negative) from the battery power terminals.
SPN (516184) Maximum Charge Current

Supporting Information: The maximum net battery current that the battery may accept during
charge based on the present condition of the battery while maintaining functionality in the
Operational State.
PGN 65284
Description: Battery Regulation Information 2
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 5
Data Field:
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1.1-1.2 2 bits Contactor(s) State 4 states/2 bits 0
1.3-1.4 2 bits Charge Capability State 4 states/2 bits 0
2.1-3.8 16 bit Bus Voltage Request 0.05V/bit 0V
4.1-4.8 8 bit Transportability SOC 0.5%/bit 0%
SPN (516173) Contactor(s) State

Supporting Information: State of the battery contactor(s)
002 Contactor(s) is open

01 Contactor(s) is closed
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516174) Charge Capability State

Supporting Information: State of battery’s capability to charge
002 Battery is unable to accept charge

01 Battery is able to accept charge
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516154) Bus Voltage Request

Supporting Information: The vehicle bus voltage that would provide optimal battery charge
based on the present condition of the battery.
SPN (516185) Transportability SOC

Supporting Information: The battery state of charge value commanded by the Transportability
Command.
PGN 65285
Description: Battery Power Capability Estimation 1
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 5
Data Field:
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2.1-3.8 16 bits Power Capability Estimation (10s) 1 Watt/bit 0
4.1-5.8 16 bits Power Capability Estimation (30s) 1 Watt/bit 0
SPN (516156) Power Capability Estimation (10s)
Supporting Information: An estimation of the maximum discharge power in Watts that the
battery can sustain for a minimum of 10 seconds at its present condition while maintaining a
voltage greater than the battery’s terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d.
SPN (516157) Power Capability Estimation (30s)
Supporting Information: An estimation of the maximum discharge power in Watts that the
battery can sustain for a minimum of 30 seconds at its present condition while maintaining a
voltage greater than the battery’s terminal cutoff voltage specified in 4.4.6.1 d.
PGN 65286
Description: Configuration State 1
Transmission Repetition Rate: 1000 ms to 15000 ms, On State Change, On Request (On State
Change by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 6
Data Field:

1.1-1.2 2 bits Dormant 1 State 4 states/2 bits 0
1.3-1.4 2 bits Dormant 2 State 4 states/2 bits 0
1.5-1.6 2 bits Master Power Switch State 4 states/2 bits 0
1.7-1.8 2 bits Configuration Pin 1 State 4 states/2 bits 0
3.3-3.4 2 bits Virtual Master Power Switch State 4 states/2 bits 0
4.1-4.2 2 bits Battery Battle-override State 4 states/2 bits 0
4.3-4.4 2 bits Maintenance State 4 states/2 bits 0
4.5-4.6 2 bits Automatic Heater Function State 4 states/2 bits 0
4.7-4.8 2 bits Battery Heater(s) State 4 states/2 bits 0
5.1-5.2 2 bits Contactor(s) Control State 4 states/2 bits 0
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5.3-5.4 2 bits Standby State 4 states/2 bits 0
6.1-6.2 2 bits Baud Rate Overwrite State 4 states/2 bits 0
6.3-6.4 2 bits Position Identity Overwrite State 4 states/2 bits 0
6.5-6.6 2 bits Configure VMPS Function State 4 states/2 bits 0
6.7-6.8 2 bits Pulse Power Control State 4 states/2 bits 0
SPN (516158) Dormant 1 State

Supporting Information: The value of dormant 1 on the communication interface as sensed by
the battery.
002 Dormant 1 is off

01 Dormant 1 is on
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516159) Dormant 2 State

Supporting Information: The value of dormant 2 on the communication interface as sensed by
the battery.
002 Dormant 2 is off

01 Dormant 2 is on
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516160) Master Power Switch State

Supporting Information: The value of Master Power Switch In on the communication interface
as sensed by the battery.
002 Master Power Switch In is off

01 Master Power Switch In is on
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516161) Configuration Pin 1 State

Supporting Information: The value of configuration pin 1 on the communication interface as
sensed by the battery.
002 Configuration Pin 1 is false

01 Configuration Pin 1 is true
10 Error
11 NA
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10 Error
11 NA


10 Error
11 NA


10 Error
11 NA


10 Error
11 NA


10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516167) Virtual Master Power Switch State

Supporting Information: The present value of the virtual master power switch state
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002 Virtual Master Power Switch is off

01 Virtual Master Power Switch is on
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516168) Battery Battle-override State

Supporting Information: State of battery battle override mode
002 Battery Battle-override Disabled

01 Battery Battle-override Enabled
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516169) Maintenance State

Supporting Information: State of the battery Maintenance State
002 Battery is not in the Maintenance State

01 Battery is in the Maintenance State
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516170) Automatic Heater Function State

Supporting Information: State of the automatic heater function
002 Automatic Heater Function is disabled

01 Automatic Heater Function is enabled
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516171) Battery Heater(s) State

Supporting Information: State of the battery heater(s)
002 Battery heater is off

01 Battery heater is on
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516172) Contactor(s) Control State

Supporting Information: State of the battery contactor(s) control
002 Contactor(s) control is not automatic (state forced by command)

01 Contactor(s) control is automatic
10 Error
11 NA
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SPN (516186) Standby State
Supporting Information: State of battery standby.
002 Battery standby is disabled

01 Battery standby is enabled
10 Battery standby is suspended by the Standby Suspend Period
11 NA
SPN (516175) Baud Rate Overwrite State

Supporting Information: State of the baud rate overwrite
002 Baud Rate has not been overwritten

01 Baud Rate has been overwritten
10 Battery initialization is required to implement the baud rate change
11 NA
SPN (516176) Position Identity Overwrite State

Supporting Information: State of the position identity overwrite
002 Position identity has not been overwritten

01 Position identity has been overwritten
10 Battery initialization is required to implement the position identity change
11 NA
SPN (516177) Configure VMPS Function

Supporting Information: State of the configure VMPS function
002 VMPS Function Disabled

01 VMPS Function Enabled
10 Error
11 NA
SPN (516183) Pulse Power Control State:

Supporting Information: State of the battery pulse power control.
002 Pulse Power Control is off

01 Pulse Power Control is on
10 Error
11 NA
PGN 65287
Description: Protected State 1
Transmission Repetition Rate: 1000 ms, only when Protected State Warning = 000, 001, 010, or
011. Otherwise, On Request.
Data Length: 8
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Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 3
Data Field:

1.1-1.3 3 bits Protected State Warning 8 states/3 bits 0
2.1-2.8 8 bits Failed Exit Attempts Count 1 count/bit 0
3.1-4.8 16 bits Protected State Timeout 1 second/bit 0
5.1-5.2 2 bits Load Indicator 4 states/2 bits
SPN (516179) Protected State Warning

Supporting Information: Warnings the battery shall provide when it is approaching a limit that
may transition the battery to the Protected State, and when the battery is in the Protected State.
0002 Battery is in the Protected State

001 Warning 1. Battery could transition to the Protected State within 1-2 seconds
100 No warnings. Normal operation
101 Reserved
110 Error
111 NA
SPN (516180) Failed Exit Attempts Count

Supporting Information: A count of the number of attempts that have been made by the battery
or by command that have failed to transition the battery out of the Protected State.
0-FA16 Count of the number of failed attempts

FB Count exceeded maximum
FC Reserved
FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
SPN (516181) Protected State Timeout

Supporting Information: The amount of time before the battery automatically attempts to exit
the Protected State.
0-FAFF16 Time in seconds before the attempt to exit the Protected State
FB00 Battery requires reset protection method to exit Protected State
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FB01 No timeout for fault
FB02-FDFF Reserved
FExx Error
FFxx NA
SPN (516191) Load Indicator

Supporting Information: Indication of requested adjustments to the load on the battery power
terminals that may allow the battery to transition out of the Protected State.
002 Provide or adjust charging potential on battery to exit Protected State.

01 Remove load or short circuit from battery to exit Protected State.
10 No load indicator for fault.
11 NA
PGN 65288
Description: Application Management States 1
Transmission Repetition Rate: 1000 ms to 15000 ms, On State Change, On Request (On State
Change by default)
Data Length: 8
Data Page: 0
Default Priority: 6
Data Field:

2.1-2.8 8 bits SOC Reserve Limit Value 0.5%/bit 0
3.1-3.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Limit 1 Value 5A/bit 0
4.1-4.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Period 1 Value 0.25s/bit 0
5.1-5.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Limit 2 Value 5A/bit 0
6.1-6.8 8 bits Application Overcurrent Period 2 Value 0.25s/bit 0
SPN (516178) SOC Reserve Limit Value

Supporting Information: Configured value for the SOC Reserve Limit
00 – C816 0% to 100% SOC limit

C9 – FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
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SPN (516187) Application Overcurrent Limit 1 Value

Supporting Information: Configured value for the Application Overcurrent Limit 1
00-0416 Reserved
05 – DC 25 to 1100 Amperes
DD-FA Reserved
FB Application Overcurrent Limit 1 is disabled
FC-FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
SPN (516188) Application Overcurrent Period 1 Value

Supporting Information: Configured value for the Application Overcurrent Period 1
00 Reserved
01– F016 0.25 to 60 seconds
F1-FA Reserved
FB Application Overcurrent Period 1 is disabled
FC-FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
SPN (516189) Application Overcurrent Limit 2 Value

Supporting Information: Configured value for the Application Overcurrent Limit 2
00-0416 Reserved
05 – DC 25 to 1100 Amperes
DD – FA Reserved
FB Application Overcurrent Limit 2 is disabled
FC – FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
SPN (516190) Application Overcurrent Period 2 Value

Supporting Information: Configured value for the Application Overcurrent Period 2
00 Reserved
01 – F016 0.25 to 60 seconds
F1 – FA Reserved
FB Application Overcurrent Period 2 is disabled
FC – FD Reserved
FE Error
FF NA
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METRIC

BATTERY, RECHARGEABLE, SEALED, 6T LITHIUM-ION

Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be addressed to

AMSC N/A FSC 6140

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Source: http://assist.dla.mil -- Downloaded: 2022-12-13T14:00Z

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ......................................................................................... 2

3.5.7 High temperature deep cycle life .......................................................................... 21

3.15.2 Corrosion resistance .............................................................................................. 37

4.6.4 Starting current...................................................................................................... 64

6.3.9 Cell ........................................................................................................................ 76

6.8 Product traceability (battery) ................................................................................ 81

A.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS ....................................................................................... 98

A.3 INTERFACES ................................................................................................................. 98

A.3.3.7 Reset .................................................................................................................... 101

A.4 CAN BUS ...................................................................................................................... 102

A.5 PROGRAM, CONFIGURATION, AND DATA MEMORY....................................... 104

A.6 MESSAGES .................................................................................................................. 113

1. Top view battery dimensions. ............................................................................... 86

I. Physical and electrical requirements. ...................................................................... 9

1.2.3 Sub-classes. The sub-classification of the battery are grouped according to

X55: Minimum capacity of 55 Ah.

2.2 Government documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, standards, and handbooks. The following specifications,

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION AGREEMENTS

AECTP-400 - Mechanical Environmental Tests

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS

MIL-DTL-38999 - Connectors, Electrical Circular,

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS

MIL-STD-130 - Identification Marking of U.S.

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://quicksearch.dla.mil.)

ARMY-TACOM PURCHASE DESCRIPTIONS (ATPD)

ATPD 2404 - Environmental Conditions for

TM-9-6140-200-13 - Technical Manual Operator and

(Copies of this document are available online at https://armypubs.army.mil/.)

CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS

29 CFR 1910.1200 - Hazardous Substances

(Copies of this document are available online at www.gpoaccess.gov/cfr/index.html.)

DEFENSE FEDERAL ACQUISITION SUPPLIMENT

DFARS 252.211-7003 - Item Identification and Valuation

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.acq.osd.mil)

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

ATP 3-11.23 - Multiservice Tactics, Techniques,

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://www.army.mil/usapa/index.html.)

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)

EPA/625/R-96/010b - Compendium of Methods for the

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/airtox.html.)

NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND (NAVSEA)

NAVSEA INSTRUCTION 9310.1 - Naval Lithium Battery Safety

12350824 - Paint System Chemical Agent

(Copies of these documents can be requested by sending an email to usarmy.detroit.devcom-

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECANICAL ENGINEERS (ASME)

ASME Y14.38 - Abbreviations and Acronyms for Use

(Copies of this document are available online at https://www.asme.org.)

ASSOCIATION OF CONNECTING ELECTRONICS INDUSTRIES (IPC)

IPC J-STD-001 - Requirements for Soldered Electrical

(Copies of these documents are available online at www.ipc.org.)

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDS (ISO)

a. Marked “RECOVERABLE ITEM”.