Clase 2 - Comparison

ADJECTIVES AND
COMPARISON
ESTER GÓMEZ
2
ADJECTIVES
-3-
Adjectives usually go before nouns:
I bought a white T-shirt. (not a T-shirt white)
● Adjectives don’t change. (not some whites T-shirts)

-4-
Adjectives go after some verbs (e.g. be, get, become, look, seem, appear, sound,
taste, smell, feel):
They’re comfortable and they’ll look good with the skirt.
The material felt really soft.
● A few adjectives (e.g. afraid, alone, asleep away) cannot go before a noun:
The cat was asleep on the bed. (not The asleep cat was on the bed.)
-5-
THE ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

-6-
THE ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

-7-
We put and
● between two colour adjectives: a black and white belt
● between two adjectives after a verb: Clothes shops are always boring
and crowded.
We don’t say my favourite and long and black boots.

ADJECTIVES ENDING IN -ING AND -ED
-8-
Comparison
with adjectives
that finishes by -
er/-est
Adjectives with one syllable
ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Clean Cleaner Cleanest
New Newer Newest
Cheap Cheaper Cheapest

ADJECTIVES WITH TWO SYLLABLES, ENDING IN “Y”
Dirty dirtier dirtiest
Easy easier easiest
Happy happier happiest
Pretty prettier prettiest

ADJECTIVES WITH TWO SYLLABLES, ENDING IN “ER”
Clever cleverer cleverest

ADJECTIVES WITH TWO SYLLABLES, ENDING IN “LE”
Simple simpler simplest

ADJECTIVES WITH TWO SYLLABLES, ENDING IN “OW”
Narrow narrower narrowest

SPELLING OF THE ADJECTIVES USING THE ENDINGS -ER/-EST
Large larger largest leave out the silent -e
Big bigger biggest

Double the consonant after short vowel
sad sadder saddest
dirty dirtier dirtiest Change -y to -i (consonant before -y)
Here -y is not changed to -i.

shy shyer shyest
(although consonant before -y)
16
COMPARISON WITH: “MORE –

MOST” / LESS - LEAST
ALL ADJECTIVES WITH MORE THAN ONE SYLLABLE
more/less (the) most/least

difficult
difficult difficult
IRREGULAR
ADJECTIVES
good better best
bad worse worst
Much
more most
(uncountable nouns)
Many
more most
(countable nouns)
Little less least
Little smaller smallest
Special adjectives
Common commoner / more common commonest / most common
Likely likelier / more likely likeliest / most likely
Pleasant pleasanter / more pleasant pleasantest / most pleasant
Polite politer / more polite politest / most polite
Simple simpler / more simple simplest / most simple
Stupid stupider / more stupid stupidest / most stupid
Subtle subtler / more subtle subtlest
Sure surer / more sure surest / most sure
DIFFERENCE IN MEANING WITH ADJECTIVES:
Farther farthest distance

Far
Further furthest distance or time
Older oldest people and things

Old
Elder eldest people (family)
- 23 -
1. I was ………………………………………………..……….. (interested) in this movie than in that one.
2. Going uphill was …………………………………………………………………. (tiring) experience in my whole

life!
3. I really need to get a ……………………………………………………….. (cheap) PC. I can’t afford that

one.
4. This exercise is ………………………………………………………… (easy) the one before.
5. I’m going to tell you ………………………………………………………. (funny) joke I’ve ever heard!
6. It’s ………………………………………………….. (cold) today than yesterday, don’t you think?
7. This book is the ………………………………………………………. (enjoyable) I’ve ever read!

8. Buying things from plastic is (bad) ..................... buying things from recycled paper.
- 24 -
1. I was …more interested….. (interested) in this movie than in that one.
2. Going uphill was ……the most tiring……. (tiring) experience in my whole life!
3. I really need to get a ……cheaper………….. (cheap) PC. I can’t afford that one.
4. This exercise is ……easier than…… (easy) the one before.
5. I’m going to tell you …the funniest………. (funny) joke I’ve ever heard!
6. It’s …colder…….. (cold) today than yesterday, don’t you think?
7. This book is the …most enjoyable. (enjoyable) I’ve ever read!

8. Buying things from plastic is (bad) ..worse thanbuying things from recycled
paper.
EQUALITY
(NOT) AS + ADJECTIVE + AS = tan .... como
My sister is as intelligent as him.

He is not as tall as Gasol.
The weather in Mexico is as hot as in Spain.
The weather in England is not as hot as in Spain.
TYPES OF
COMPARISON
1. as … (adj/adv) … as She speaks as calmly as usual.
not so/as … (adj/adv) … as It is not so/as hot as it was yesterday.
such a(n)/so … as This is not such an exciting film as the last one.
2. twice/three times /half/ etc as … Their house is three times as big as ours.
(adj/adv) … as His watch cost half as much as mine.
3. the same as Your violin is the same as the one I’ve bought.
4. less … (adj/adv) … than The red sofa is less expensive than the blue one,
the least … (adj/adv) … of/in but the black one is the least expensive of all.
5. the + comparative … , the + comparative The earlier you start, the sooner you’ll finish.
6. comparative + and + comparative Their life is getting better and better.

Combine the ideas given into a double comparative:
1-As he got older, he became more and more bad-tempered.
2- He worked hard. He felt very bad.
3- When we think of the exam, we get more and more excited.
4- As this road gets busier, it becomes more and more dangerous.
5- When you get near to the Equator, the temperature becomes
high.
6- If she stays in England a long time, her English will be very
good.
7- When I write fast, my writing becomes illegible.
1-As he got older, he became more and more bad-tempered.
The older he got, the more bad- tempered he became.
2- He worked hard. He felt very bad.
The harder he worked, the worse he felt.
3- When we think of the exam, we get more and more excited.
The more we think of the exam, the more excited we get.
4- As this road gets busier, it becomes more and more dangerous.
The busier this road gets, the more dangerous it becomes.
5- When you get near to the Equator, the temperature becomes high.
The nearer you get to the Equator, the higher the temperature becomes.
6- If she stays in England a long time, her English will be very good.
The longer she stays in England, the better her English will be.
7- When I write fast, my writing becomes illegible.
The faster I write, the more illegible my writing becomes.
- 31 -
Muchas gracias
Thank you very much

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ADJECTIVES AND

Adjectives usually go before nouns:

I bought a white T-shirt. (not a T-shirt white)

● Adjectives don’t change. (not some whites T-shirts)

They’re comfortable and they’ll look good with the skirt.

The material felt really soft.

THE ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

THE ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

● between two colour adjectives: a black and white belt

We don’t say my favourite and long and black boots.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE

Clean Cleaner Cleanest

New Newer Newest

Cheap Cheaper Cheapest

Dirty dirtier dirtiest

Easy easier easiest

Happy happier happiest

Pretty prettier prettiest

Clever cleverer cleverest

Simple simpler simplest

Narrow narrower narrowest

Large larger largest leave out the silent -e

Big bigger biggest

dirty dirtier dirtiest Change -y to -i (consonant before -y)

Here -y is not changed to -i.

COMPARISON WITH: “MORE –

more/less (the) most/least

Farther farthest distance

Older oldest people and things

1. I was ………………………………………………..……….. (interested) in this movie than in that one.

2. Going uphill was …………………………………………………………………. (tiring) experience in my whole

3. I really need to get a ……………………………………………………….. (cheap) PC. I can’t afford that

4. This exercise is ………………………………………………………… (easy) the one before.

6. It’s ………………………………………………….. (cold) today than yesterday, don’t you think?

7. This book is the ………………………………………………………. (enjoyable) I’ve ever read!

1. I was …more interested….. (interested) in this movie than in that one.

4. This exercise is ……easier than…… (easy) the one before.

6. It’s …colder…….. (cold) today than yesterday, don’t you think?

7. This book is the …most enjoyable. (enjoyable) I’ve ever read!

My sister is as intelligent as him.

not so/as … (adj/adv) … as It is not so/as hot as it was yesterday.

(adj/adv) … as His watch cost half as much as mine.

6. comparative + and + comparative Their life is getting better and better.

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