Target : JEE (Main) Complex Numbers

CONTENTS

 COMPLEX NUMBERS :

Topic Page No.

Theory –– 01 – 14

Exercise # 1 : Objective Questions –– 15 – 21

Exercise # 2 : Part – I : Objective Questions –– 21 – 24

: Part - II : Miscellaneous Questions

Exercise # 3 : JEE (Main) / AIEEE Problems –– 25 – 29

Answers –– 30 – 30

Additional Problems for Self Practice (APSP) –– 31 – 35

: Part - I : Practice Test Paper
: Part – II : Practice Questions

Answers –– 35 – 35

JEE (Main) Syllabus

Complex Number : Complex numbers as ordered pairs of reals, Representation of complex numbers
in the form a+ib and their representation in a plane, Argand diagram,algebra of complex numbers,
modulus and argument (or amplitude)of a complex number, square root of a complex number, triangle
inequality.
Complex Number

The shortest path between two truths in the real domain passes through the complex domain. ......Hadamard, Jacques
________________________________________________________________________________________

1. The complex number system :

Imaginary ax is

Z(a, b)
•
Im(Z)

O Re(Z) Real ax is

Argand plane
Complex number is a point on Argand plane. It is represented by Z = a + i b, where i = –1
‘a’ is called as real part of z which is denoted by (Re z) and ‘b’ is called as imaginary part of z, which is
denoted by (Im z).
Any complex number is :
(i) Purely real, if b = 0
(ii) Imaginary, if b  0
(iii) Purely imaginary, if a = 0
Note :

(a) The set R of real numbers is a proper subset of the Complex Numbers. Hence the complete
number system is N  W  I  Q  R  C.

(b) Zero is purely real as well as purely imaginary but not imaginary.

(c) i=  1 is called the imaginary unit. Also i² =  1; i3 =  i ; i4 = 1 etc.

(d) a b= ab only if atleast one of a or b is non - negative.

(e) If z = a + ib, then a – ib is called complex conjugate of z and written as z = a – ib

(f) Real numbers satisfy order relations where as imaginary numbers do not satisfy order relations
i.e. i > 0, 3 + i < 2 are meaningless.
Self Practice Problems :

(1) Write the following as complex number

(i) 16 (ii) x , (x > 0) (iii) –b + 4ac , (a, c> 0)
(2) Write the following as complex number
(i) x (x < 0) (ii) roots of x2 – (2 cos) x + 1 = 0

Ans. (1) (i) 0 + 4i (ii) x + 0i (iii) –b + i 4ac

(2) (i) 0 + i x (ii) cos  + i sin  , cos  – i sin 

Complex Number

2. Algebraic operations :
Fundamental operations with complex numbers
In performing operations with complex numbers we can proceed as in the algebra of real numbers,
replacing i2 by – 1 when it occurs.
(i) Addition (a + bi) + (c + di) = a + bi + c + di = (a + c) + (b + d) i
(ii) Subtraction (a + bi) – (c + di) = a + bi – c – di = (a – c) + (b – d) i
(iii) Multiplication (a + bi) (c + di) = ac + adi + bci + bdi2 = (ac – bd) + (ad+ bc)i

a  bi a  bi c  di ac  adi  bci  bdi2

(iv) Division = . =
c  di c  di c  di c 2  d2i2
ac  bd  (bc  ad)i ac  bd bc  ad
2 2
= 2 2
+ i
c d c d c 2  d2
Inequalities in imaginary numbers are not defined. There is no validity if we say that imaginary number
is positive or negative.
e.g. z > 0, 4 + 2i < 2 + 4 i are meaningless. In real numbers if a2 + b2 = 0 then a = 0 = b however in
complex numbers, z12 + z22 = 0 does not imply z1 = z2 = 0.

Example # 1 : Find multiplicative inverse of 3 + 2i.

Solution : Let z be the multiplicative inverse of 3 + 2i. then
1 3  2i
 z . (3 + 2i) = 1  z= =
3  2i 3  2i   3  2i 
3 2  3 2 
 z= – i   13  13 i 
13 13  
Self Practice Problem :

(3) Simplify in+100 + in+50 + in+48 + in+46 , n  .

Ans. 0

3. Equality in complex number :

Two complex numbers z1 = a1 + ib1 & z2 = a2 + ib2 are equal if and only if their real and imaginary parts
are equal respectively
i.e. z1 = z 2  Re(z1) = Re(z2) and m (z1) = m (z2).

Example # 2 : Find the value of x and y for which (2 + 3i) x2 – (3 – 2i) y = 2x – 3y + 5i where x, y  R.
Solution (2 + 3i)x2 – (3 – 2i)y = 2x – 3y + 5i
 2x2 – 3y = 2x – 3y  x2 – x = 0
 x = 0, 1 and 3x2 + 2y = 5
5
 if x = 0, y = and if x = 1, y = 1
2
5
 x = 0, y = and x = 1, y = 1
2
 5
are two solutions of the given equation which can also be represented as  0,  & (1, 1)
 2
Complex Number

Example # 3 : Find square root of 5 + 12i

Solution : Let x + iy = 5  12i  5 + 12i = (x + iy)2
5 + 12i = (x2 – y2) + 2ixy  x 2 – y2 = 5 .... (i)
and 2xy = 12 . ....(ii)
Now (x2 + y2)2 = (x2 – y2)2 + 4x2y2
(x2 + y2)2 = 52 + 122 = 169
x2 + y2 = 13 ( x2 + y2 > 0) ....(iii)
Solving (i) & (iii), we get
x2 = 9 and y2 = 4  x = ± 3 and y = ± 2
from (ii), 2xy is positive, so x and y are of same sign
x = 3, y = 2 or x = –3 and y = – 2
hence, 5  12i = ± (3 + 2i)

Example # 4 : Solve for z : z2 – (3 – 2i)z = 5i – 5

(3 – 2i)  (3 – 2i)2  4(5i – 5)
Solution : z2 – (3 – 2i)z = 5i – 5 
2
(3  2i)  9  4  12i  20i  20 (3  2i)  8i  15
z= =
2 2
 1   1 
Now, –15  8i = ± 
 2
 (–15)2  82  ( 15)  ± i 
  2
 (–15)2  82  (15)  = ± (1+ 4i)

3  2i  (1  4i)
z=  z = (2 + i) and (1 – 3i)
2
Self Practice Problem :
(4) Given that x, y  R, solve : 4x² + 3xy + (2xy  3x²)i = 4y²  (x2/2) + (3xy  2y²)i
3K
Ans. (4) x = K, y = KR
2
4. Representation of a complex number :
(i) Cartesian Form (Geometric Representation) :
Every complex number z = x + i y can be represented by a point on the Cartesian plane
known as complex plane (Argand diagram) by the ordered pair (x, y).

Length OP is called modulus of the complex number which is denoted by z &  is called the
argument or amplitude.
y
z = x2  y2 and tan  =   (angle made by OP with positive xaxis)
x
Note : (a) Argument of a complex number is a many valued function. If  is the argument of
a complex number then 2n+ ; n  I will also be the argument of that complex
number. Any two arguments of a complex number differ by 2n
(b) The unique value of  such that   <   is called the principal value of the
argument. Unless otherwise stated, amp z implies principal value of the argument.
(c) By specifying the modulus & argument a complex number is defined completely. For
the complex number 0 + 0 i the argument is not defined and this is the only complex
number which is only given by its modulus.
Complex Number

(ii) Trignometric/Polar Representation :

Imaginary axis

Z
•
r

O Real axi s

z = r (cos  + i sin ) where z = r; arg z = ; z = r (cos  i sin )

Note : cos  + i sin  is also written as CiS 

(iii) Euler's Formula :

z = rei, |z| = r, arg z =   z = rei
Proof of this formula is beyond scope of present discussion. A heuristic proof serving as
motivation for this formula is by considering expansion.
x x2 x3
ex = 1 + + + + ..........
1! 2! 3!
 2 4   3 5 
put x = i ei  1    .......  + i      .......  = cos + i sin .
 2! 4!   3! 5! 
   
ei  ei ei  e i
Note: If is real then cos  =  sin  =
2 2i
(iv) Vectorial Representation :
Every complex number can be considered as the position vector of a point. If the point P
 
represents the complex number z then, OP = z &  OP  = z

5. Agrument of a complex number :

Argument of a non-zero complex number P(z) is denoted and defined by arg(z) = angle which OP
makes with the positive direction of real axis.
If OP = |z| = r and arg(z) = , then obviously z = r(cos + isin), called the polar form of z. 'Argument of
z' would mean principal argument of z(i.e. argument lying in (–, ] unless the context requires
otherwise. Thus argument of a complex number z = a + ib = r(cos + isin) is the value of  satisfying
rcos = a and rsin = b.
b
Let  = tan–1
a
Second quadrant a < 0, b > 0 First quadrant a > 0, b > 0






b b
p.v. arg z =  –  = –tan–1 p.v. arg z =  = tan–1
a a
Complex Number

Third quadrant a < 0, b < 0 Fourth quadrant a > 0, b < 0

 


b b
p.v. arg z = – ( – ) = –+ tan–1 p.v. arg z = –  = –tan–1
a a
Note : If a > 0, b = 0 then p.v. arg z = 0
If a < 0, b = 0 then p.v. arg z = 
If a = 0, b > 0 then p.v. arg z = /2
If a = 0, b < 0 then p.v. arg z = –/2

Example # 5 : Express the complex number z = – 1 + 2 i in polar form.

Solution : z = –1 + i 2
2
| z | = ( 1)2   2 = 1 2 = 3,

 2
Arg z =  – tan–1  = – tan–1 ( 2 ) =  (say)
 1 
 
z= 3 (cos  + i sin  ) where  =  – tan–1 2

Self Practice Problems :

i (9  i)
(5) Find the principal argument and |z|. If z =
2i
(6) Find the |z| and principal argument of the complex number z = 6(cos 310º – i sin 310°)
17 82
Ans. (5) – tan–1 , (6) 6, 50°
11 5

6. Geometrical representation of fundamental operations :

(i) Geometrical representation of addition :

If two points P and Q represent complex numbers z1 and z2 respectively in the Argand plane, then the
sum z1 + z2 is represented by the extremity R of the diagonal OR of parallelogram OPRQ having OP
and OQ as two adjacent sides.

(ii) Geometric representation of substraction :

Complex Number

(iii) Modulus and argument of multiplication of two complex numbers :

Theorem : For any two complex numbers z1, z2 we have |z1 z2| = |z1| |z2| and
arg (z1z2) = arg (z1) + arg (z2).
Proof : z1 = r1 ei1 , z2 = r2 ei2  z1z2 = r2r2 ei( 1 2 )
 |z1z2| = |z1| |z2|  arg (z1z2) = arg (z1) + arg (z2)
i.e. to multiply two complex numbers, we multiply their absolute values and add their
arguments.
Note : (a) P.V. arg (z1z2)  P.V. arg (z1) + P.V. arg (z2)
(b) |z1 z2 .... zn| = |z1| |z2| ..... |zn|
(c) arg (z1z2 .... zn) = arg z1 + arg z2 + ..... + arg zn

(iv) Geometrical representation of multiplication of complex numbers :

Let P, Q be represented by z1 = r1 ei1 , z2 = r2 ei2 repectively. To find point R representing
complex number z1z2 , we take a point L on real axis such that OL = 1 and draw triangle OQR
similar to triangle OLP. Therefore

OR OQ ˆ =
=  OR = OP.OQ i.e. OR = r1r2 and QOR 1
OP OL
ˆ = LOP
LOR ˆ ˆ
+ POQ ˆ = + – + = +
+ QOR 1 2 1 1 1 2

Hence, R is represented by z1z2 = r1r2 ei( 1 2 )

(v) Modulus and argument of division of two complex numbers :
z1 |z |
Theorem : If z1 and z2 (0) are two complex numbers, then = 1 and
z2 | z2 |
z 
arg  1  = arg (z1) –arg (z2)
 z2 
z 
Note : P.V. arg  1   P.V. arg (z1) – P.V. arg (z2)
 z2 
(vi) Geometrical representation of the division of complex numbers.
Let P, Q be represented by z1 = r1ei1 , z2 = r2 ei2 respectively. To find point R representing
z1
complex number , we take a point L on real axis such that OL = 1 and draw a triangle OPR
z2
OP OR r1 ˆ = LOP
ˆ – ROP
ˆ = –
similar to OQL. Therefore = OR = and LOR 1 2
OQ OL r2

z1 r
Hence, R is represented by = 1 ei( 1 2 )
z2 r2
Complex Number

7. Conjugate of a complex number :

Conjugate of a complex number z = a + ib is denoted and defined by z = a – ib.
In a complex number if we replace i by – i, we get conjugate of the complex number. z is the mirror
image of z about real axis on Argand's Plane.
Geometrical representation of conjugate of complex number.

|z| = z
arg z = – arg (z)
General value of arg z = 2n – P.V. arg (z)
Properties :
zz zz
(i) If z = x + iy, then x = ,y=
2 2i
(ii) z= z  z is purely real
(iii) z+ z =0  z is purely imaginary

(iv) Relation between modulus and conjugate. |z|2 = z z

(v) zz

(vi) (z1  z2 ) = z1 ± z2

(vii) (z1 z2 ) = z1 z2

 z1  (z1 )
(viii)  = (z2  0)
 z2  (z2 )
Notes :
(a) Theorem : Imaginary roots of polynomial equations with real coefficients occur in conjugate pairs
Proof : If z0 is a root of a0zn + a1zn–1 + ...... + an–1 z + an = 0,
a0, a1, ....... an  R, then a0 z0n + a1zn01 + ....... + an–1 z0 + an = 0
By using property (vi) and (vii) we have a0 z0n + a1z0n1 + ....... + an 1z0 + an = 0
 z0 is also a root. (If w = f(z), then w = f( z ))

(b) Theorem : |z1 ± z2|2 = |z1|2 + |z2|2 ± (z1 z 2 + z2 z 1)

= |z1|2 + |z2|2 ± 2 Re(z1 z2 ) = |z1|2 + |z2|2 ± 2 |z1| |z2| cos (1 – 2)

z 1
Example # 6 : If is purely imaginary, then prove that | z | = 1
z 1
 z 1 z 1  z 1
Solution : Re  = 0  +   = 0
 z  1 z 1  z  1
z 1 z 1
 + =0  zz – z + z – 1 + zz – z +z – 1 = 0
z 1 z 1
 zz =1  | z |2 = 1  |z|=1
Complex Number

Self Practice Problems :

(7) Solve for z : z = i z2
z1  2z2
(8) If is unimodulus and z2 is not unimodulus then find |z1|.
2  z1z2

(9) If z = x + iy and f(z) = x2 –y2–2y+i(2x – 2xy), then show that f(z) = z 2 + 2iz

a  ib a2  b2
(10) If x + iy = prove that (x2 + y2)2 = 2
c  id c  d2
3 1
Ans. (7) ± – i, 0, i
2 2
(8) |z1| = 2

8. Distance, triangular inequality :

If z1 = x1 + iy1, z2 = x2 + iy2 , then distance between points z1, z2 in argand plane is

|z1 – z2| = (x1  x2 )2  (y1  y 2 )2

In triangle OAC
OC  OA + AC
OA  AC + OC
AC  OA + OC
using these in equalities we have ||z1| – |z2||  |z1 + z2|  |z1| + |z2|

Similarly from triangle OAB

we have ||z1| – |z2||  |z1 – z2|  |z1| + |z2|
Note :
(i) ||z1| – |z2|| = |z1 + z2|, |z1 – z2| = |z1| + |z2| iff origin, z1 and z2 are collinear and origin lies
between z1 and z2 .
(ii) |z1 + z2| = |z1| + |z2|, ||z1| – |z2|| = |z1 – z2| iff origin, z1 and z2 are collinear and z1 and z2 lies
on the same side of origin.

Example # 7 : If |z1 –1|1, |z2–2|2, |z3 – 3|  3, then find the greatest value of |z1 + z2 + z3|
Solution : |z1 + z2 + z3| = |(z1 – 1) + (z2 – 2) + (z3 – 3) + 6|
 |z1 – 1| + |z2 – 2| + |z3 – 3| + 6
 1 + 2 + 3 + 6 = 12
hence greatest value is 12

Example # 8 : Find the minimum value of |1 + z| + |1 – z|.

Solution : |1 + z| + |1 – z|  |1 + z + 1 – z| (triangle inequality)
 |1 + z | + |1 – z|  2

minimum value of (|1 + z| + |1 – z|) = 2

Geometrically |z + 1| + |1 – z| = |z + 1| + |z – 1|
which represents sum of distances of z from 1 and – 1
it can be seen easily that minimum (PA + PB) = AB = 2
Complex Number

Example # 9 : Find the greatest and least value of |z1 + z2|, if z1 = 24 + 7i and |z2| = 6
Solution : |z1 + z2|  |z1| + |z2| = |24 + 7i| + 6 = 25 + 6 = 31
also, |z1 + z2| = |z1 – (– z2)|  | z1 | – | z2 |
|z1 + z2|  (25 – 6) = 19
hence the least value of |z1 + z2| is 19 and greatest value is 31.

Self Practice Problems :

(11) |z – 3| < 1 and |z – 4i| > M then find the positive real value of M for which these exist at least
one complex number z satisfy both the equation.
1 1
(12) If z lies on circle |z| = 2, then show that 4 2

z  4z  3 3
Ans. (11) M  (0, 6)

9. Rotation :
(i) Important results :
(a) arg z =  represents points (non-zero) on ray eminating from
origin making an angle  with positive direction of real axis

(b) arg (z – z1) =  represents points (z1) on ray eminating from

z1 making an angle  with positive direction of real axis

 2
Example # 10 : Solve for z, which satisfy Arg (z – 3 – 2i) = and Arg (z – 3 – 4i) = .
6 3
Solution : From the figure, it is clear that there is no z, which satisfy both ray

Example # 11 : Sketch the region given by

(i) Arg (z – 1 – i) /3 (ii) |z|  5 & Arg (z – i – 1) >/6




Solution : (i) (ii)

Complex Number

Self Practice Problems :

(13) Sketch the region given by
(i) |Arg (z – i – 2)| < /4 (ii) Arg (z + 1 – i) /6
(14) Consider the region |z – 15i|  10. Find the point in the region which has
(i) max |z| (ii) min |z|
(iii) max arg (z) (iv) min arg (z)

Ans. (13) (i) (ii)

5 5
(14) (i) 25i (ii) 5i (iii)  – tan–1 (iv) tan–1
2 2

10. Rotation theorem :

(i) If P(z1) and Q(zz) are two complex numbers such that |z1| = |z2|, then z2 = z1 ei
where  = POQ

 z  z2 
(ii) If P(z1), Q(z2) and R(z3) are three complex numbers and PQR = , then  3 
 z1  z2 
z3  z2 i
= e
z1  z2

z3  z 4
(iii) If P(z1), Q(z2), R(z3) and S(z4) are four complex numbers and STQ = , then
z1  z2
z3  z4
= ei
z1  z2

 z 1 
Example # 12 : If arg  = then interpret the locus.
 z  1 3

 z 1 
Solution : arg  =
 z  1 3

 1 z  
arg 
 1  z  =3
 
 1 z 
Here arg   represents the angle between lines joining –1 and z, and 1 and z. As this angle is
 1  z 
constant, the locus of z will be a larger segment of circle. (angle in a segment is constant).
Complex Number

Example # 13 : If A(2 + 3i) and B(3 + 4i) are two vertices of a square ABCD (taken in anticlock wise order) then
find C and D.
Solution : Let affix of C and D are z3 and z4 respectively.
Considering DAB = 90º and AD = AB

i
z 4  (2  3 i) AD 2
we get = e
(3  4i) – (2  3i) AB
 z4 – (2 + 3i) = (1 + i) i
 z4 = 2 + 3i+ i – 1 = 1 + 4i
i
z3  (3  4 i) CB – 2
and = e  z3 = 3 + 4i – (1 + i) (–i) z3 = 3 + 4i + i – 1 = 2 + 5i
(2  3i) – (3  4i) AB
Self Practice Problems :
(15) z1, z2, z3, z4 are the vertices of a square taken in anticlockwise order then prove that
2z2 = (1 + i) z1 + (1 – i) z3
(16) Check that z1z2 and z3z4 are parallel or not,
where z1 = 1 + i z3 = 4 + 2i
z2 = 2 – i z4 = 1 – i
(17) P is a point on the argand diagram on the circle with OP as diameter, two point Q and R are
taken such that POQ = QOR = If O is the origin and P, Q, R are represented by complex
z1, z2, z3 respectively then show that z22 cos 2 = z1z3cos2

(18) If a, b, c ; u, v, w are complex numbers representing the vertices of two triangles such that
c = (1 – r) a + rb, w = (1 – r) u + rv where r is a complex number show that the two triangles are
similiar.
Ans. (16) z1z2 and z3z4 are not parallel.

11. Demoivre’s theorem :

Case 
Statement : If n is any integer then
(i) (cos  + i sin  )n = cos n + i sin n
(ii) (cos 1 + i sin 1) (cos 2 + i sin 2) (cos3 + i sin 3) (cos 4 + i sin 4) .....(cos n + i sin n)
= cos (1 + 2 + 3 + ......... n) + i sin (1 + 2 + 3 + ....... + n)
Case 
Statement : If p, q  Z and q  0 then (cos  + i sin )p/q
 2k  p   2k  p 
= cos   + i sin   where k = 0, 1, 2, 3, ......, q – 1
 q   q 
Note : Continued product of the roots of a complex quantity should be determined using theory of
equations.

Self Practice Problems :

(19) Prove the identities :
(a) cos 5 = 16 cos5 – 20 cos3 + 5 cos ;
(b) (sin 5) / (sin ) = 16 cos4 – 12 cos2 + 1, if   0, ±  , ± 2 .........
(20) Prove the identities
3 1 1 1 3
(a) sin3 = sin  – sin 3 (b) cos4 = cos 4 + cos 2 +
4 4 8 2 8
Complex Number

12. Cube roots of unity :

1  i 3 1  i 3
(i) The cube roots of unity are 1, , .
2 2
(ii) If  is one of the imaginary cube roots of unity then 1 +  + ² = 0. In general
1 + r + 2r = 0; where r   but is not the multiple of 3.
(iii) In polar form the cube roots of unity are :
2 2 4 4
cos 0 + i sin 0; cos + i sin , cos + i sin
3 3 3 3
(iv) The three cube roots of unity when plotted on the argand plane constitute the vertices of an
equilateral triangle.
(v) The following factorisation should be remembered :
(a, b, c  R &  is the cube root of unity)
a3  b3 = (a  b) (a  b) (a  ²b) ;
x2 + x + 1 = (x  ) (x  2) a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a + b) (a + 2b) ;
a2 + ab + b2 = (a – b) (a – b2)
a3 + b3 + c3  3abc = (a + b + c) (a + b + ²c) (a + ²b + c)
(iv) The three cube roots of unity when plotted on the argand plane constitute the vertices of an
equilateral triangle.
(v) The following factorisation should be remembered :
(a, b, c  R &  is the cube root of unity)
a3  b3 = (a  b) (a  b) (a  ²b) ;
2 2
x + x + 1 = (x  ) (x   ) a + b = (a + b) (a + b) (a + 2b) ;
3 3

a2 + ab + b2 = (a – b) (a – b2)
a3 + b3 + c3  3abc = (a + b + c) (a + b + ²c) (a + ²b + c)

Example # 14 : Find the value of 192 + 194

Solution : 192 + 194 = 1 + 2 = – 

Example # 15 : If 1, , 2 are cube roots of unity, then prove that

(i) (1 –  + 2) (1 +  – 2) = 4

(ii) (1 –  + 2)5 + (1 +  – 2)5 = 32

(iii) (1 – ) (1 – 2) (1 –4) (1 – 8) = 9

(iv) (1 –  + 2) (1 – 2 + 4) (1 – 4 + 8) .......... to 2n factors = 22n

Solution : (i) (1 –  + 2) (1 +  – 2) = ( – 2) ( – 22) = 4

(ii) (1 –  + 2)5 + (1 +  – 2)5 = (–2)5 + (–2)5 = – 32 (+ ) = 32

(iii) (1 – ) (1 – 2) (1 –4) (1 – 8) = (1 – ) (1 – 2) (1 –) (1 – 2)

= ((1 – ) (1 – 2))2
= (1 + 1 + 1)2 = 9
(iv) (1 –  + 2) (1 – 2 + 4) (1 – 4 + 8) .......... to 2n factors
=(– 2)(– 2)(– 2)(– 2)............ to 2n factors
= (4)(4).......... to n factors
= 4n = 22n
Complex Number

Self Practice Problems :

10
r
(21) Find  (1    2r )
r 0

(22) It is given that n is an odd integer greater than three, but n is not a multiple of 3. Prove that
x3 + x2 + x is a factor of (x + 1)n – xn – 1

(23) If x = a + b, y = a + b , z = a + b where ,  are imaginary cube roots of unity show that

xyz = a3 + b3
5 2
2  n 1 
(24) If x – x + 1 = 0, then find the value of 
n 1
x  n 
 x 
Ans. (21) 12 (24) 8

13. nth roots of unity :

If 1, 1, 2, 3..... n  1 are the n, nth root of unity then :

(i) They are in G.P. with common ratio ei(2/n)

(ii) 1p +  1p +  p2 +.... + pn  1 = 0 if p is not an integral multiple of n
= n if p is an integral multiple of n

(iii) (1  1) (1  2)...... (1  n  1) = n &

(1 + 1) (1 + 2)....... (1 + n  1) = 0 if n is even and 1 if n is odd.

(iv) 1. 1. 2. 3......... n  1 = 1 or 1 according as n is odd or even.

Example # 16 : Find the roots of the equation z6 + 64 = 0 where real part is positive.
Solution : z6 = – 64

i(2n 1)
z6 = 26 . e i(2n + 1) n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5  z=2 e 6

  5 7 3 11
i i i i i i
 z = 2e 6 , 2e 2 , 2e 6 , 2e 6 , 2e 2 , 2e 6

i 11
i
 roots with +ve real part are = 2e 6 , 2e 6

14. Geometrical properties :

(i) Section formula
If z1 and z2 are affixes of the two points P and Q respectively and point C divides the line
segment joining P and Q internally in the ratio m : n then affix z of C is given by
mz2  nz1
z= where m, n > 0
mn
mz2  nz1
If C divides PQ in the ratio m : n externally then z =
mn
Complex Number

Notes :
(a) If the vertices A, B, C of a  are represented by complex numbers z1, z2, z3 respectively anda,
b, c are the length of sides then,
z z z
• Centroid of the  ABC = 1 2 3 :
3
• Incentre of  ABC = (az1 + bz2 + cz3) / (a + b + c)
(b) amp(z) =  is a ray eminating from the origin inclined at an angle  to the positive x axis.
(c) z  a = z  b is the perpendicular bisector of the line joining a to b.
(d) The equation of a line joining z1 & z2 is given by, z = z1 + t (z1  z2) where t is a real parameter.

(e) The equation of circle having centre z0 & radius  is : z  z0 = 
(f) The equation of the circle described on the line segment joining z1 & z2 as diameter is
z  z2 
arg =±
z  z1 2
 z  z1 
(g) Arg   = represent (i) a line segment if  =  (ii) Pair of ray if  = 0 (iii) a part of circle,
 z  z2 
if 0 <  < 
(h) If |z – z1| + |z – z2| = K > |z1 – z2| then locus of z is an ellipse whose focii are z1 & z2

z  z1
(i) If = k  1, 0, then locus of z is a circle.
z  z2
(j) If z – z1  – z – z2 = K < z1 – z2 then locus of z is a hyperbola, whose focii are z1 & z2.
Self Practice Problem :
25. Match the following columns :
Column -  Column - 
(i) If | z – 3+2i | – | z + i | = 0, (i) Circle
then locus of z represents ..........
 z 1 
(ii) If arg  = , (ii) Straight line
 z  1 4
then locus of z represents...
(iii) if | z – 8 – 2i | + | z – 5 – 6i | = 5 (iii) Ellipse
then locus of z represents .......
 z  3  4i  5
(iv) If arg   = , (iv) Hyperbola
 z  2  5i  6
then locus of z represents .......
(v) If | z – 1 | + | z + i | = 10 (v) Major Arc
then locus of z represents ........
(vi) |z–3+i|–|z+2–i|=1 (vi) Minor arc
then locus of z represents .....
(vii) | z – 3i | = 25 (vii) Perpendicular bisector of a line segment
then locus of z represents......
 z  3  5i 
(viii) arg   = (viii) Line segment
 zi 
then locus of z represents......
Ans. Column  (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii)
Column (vii) (v) (viii) (vi) (iii) (iv) (i) (viii)
 Complex Number

 Marked Questions may have for Revision Questions.

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Algebra , Modulus and Conjugate of complex number

A-1. –2 –3 =
(1) 6 (2) – 6 (3) i 6 (4) – i 6

A-2. If n is a positive integer, then which of the following relations is false

(1) i4n = 1 (2) i4n–1 = i (3) i4n+1 = i (4) i–4n = 1
200
n
A-3. If i2 = – 1, then the value of i
n 1
is

(1) 50 (2) – 50 (3) 0 (4) 100

A-4. The value of i1 + 3 + 5 + .....+ (2n + 1) is

(1) i if n is even, – i if n is odd (2) 1 if n is even, – 1 if n is odd
(3) 1 if n is odd, – 1 if n is even (4) 1 if n is odd, i if n is even

n
 1 i 
A-5. Find the least value of n (n  N), for which   is real.
 1 i 
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4

A-6. If (1 – i)x + (1 + i)y = 1 – 3i, then (x, y) =

(1) (2, – 1) (2) (– 2, 1) (3) (– 2, 1) (4) (2, 1)

A-7. The real part of (1 – cos + 2i sin)–1 is

1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3  5 cos  5 – 3 cos  3 – 5 cos  5  3 cos 

(1  i)2
A-8. The imaginary part of is
(2 – i)
1 3 4 4
(1) (2) (3) (4) –
5 5 5 5

A-9. If z = 3 – 4i, then z4 – 3z3 + 3z2 + 99z – 95 is equal to

(1) 5 (2) 6 (3) – 5 (4) – 4

A-10. The value of x and y for which the numbers 3 + ix2y and x2 + y + 4i are conjugate complex of each
other, can be
(1) (– 2, – 1) (2) (– 1, 2) or (– 2, 2) (3) (1, 2) or (– 1, – 2) (4) (2, –3)

A-11. –8 – 6i =
(1) 1  3i (2) (1 – 3i) (3) (1 + 3i) (4)  (3 – i)

A-12. If (– 7 – 24i)1/2 = x – iy, then x2 + y2 =

(1) 15 (2) 25 (3) – 25 (4) –15
A-13.The number of solutions of the system of equations Re (z2) = 0, |z| = 2 is
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 1
 Complex Number

Section (B) : Representation of a complex number, Principal argument, Argument and

its properties,
5
B-1. If z is a complex number such that |z| = 4 and arg(z) = , then z is equal to
6
(1) – 2 3 + 2i (2) 2 3 + i (3) 2 3 – 2i (4) – 3 + i
1 i
B-2. Argument and modulus of are respectively
1– i
–  
(1) and 1 (2) and 2 (3) 0 and 2 (4) and 1
2 2 2
1– i 3
B-3. If z = , then arg(z) =
1 i 3
(1) 60° (2) 120° (3) 240° (4) 300°
B-4. The modulus and amplitude of (1  i 3 )8 are respectively
(1) 256 and /3 (2) 256 and 2/3 (3) 2 and 2/3 (4) 256 and 8/3
3 2
B-5. If z1= 1 + i, z2 = 1 + i , z3= –2  i then the value of amp z1+ amp z2 + amp z3 is
2 3
3 7  
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 12 12 4
1 i 3
B-6. If z = , then (z)100 lies in
3 i
(1) I quadrant (2) II quadrant (3) III quadrant (4) IV quadrant
B-7. If arg (z) < 0, then arg ( z)  arg (z) =
 
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4)
2 2
 11   11 
B-8. The principal value of the arg(z) and z of the complex number z = 1 + cos   + i sin   are
 9   9 
respectively :
11  7 7 2 7  
(1) , 2 cos (2)  , 2 cos (3) , 2 cos (4)  ,  2 cos
18 18 18 18 9 18 9 18
  
B-9. The amplitude of sin + i  1– cos  is
5  5
(1) /5 (2) 2/5 (3) /10 (4) /15

6  6 
B-10. The argument of the complex number sin + i  1  cos is
5  5 
6 5 9 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
5 6 10 5
Section (C) : Properties of conjugate and modulus and Triangle inequality
C-1. If z is a complex number, then z. z  0 if and only if
(1) |z| = 1 (2) Re(z) = 0 and Im(z) = 0
(3) m(z) = 1 (4) Re(z) = 1
C-2. If (2 + i)(2 + 2i) (2 + 3i) ...... (2 + 9i) = x + iy, then 5.8.13. .......85 =
(1) x2 + y2 (2) x2 – y2 (3) (x2 + y2)2 (4) (x2 – y2)2

C-3. If z1 and z2 are any two complex numbers then |z1 + z2|2 + |z1 – z2|2 is equal to
(1) 2|z1|2 |z2|2 (2) 2|z1|2 + 2|z2|2 (3) |z1|2 + |z2|2 (4) 2|z1| |z2|
Complex Number

C-4. If |z1 + z2| = |z1 – z2| then the value of |amp z1 – amp z2| is -
  
(1) (2) (3)  (4)
2 4 3
1 1 1
C-5. If z1, z2, z3 are complex numbers such that z1 = z2 = z3 =   = 1, then
z1 z2 z3
z1 + z2 + z3 is :
(1) equal to 1 (2) less than 1 (3) greater than 3 (4) equal to 3

z–i
C-6. If (z  –i) is a purely imaginary number, then zz is equal to
zi
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) –1

z 1
C-7. If z ( – 1) is a complex number such that is purely imaginary, then |z| is equal to
z 1
(1) 1 (3) 2 (3) 3 (4) 5
C-8. Let z1 lies on | z | = 1 and z2 lies on | z | = 2 then maximum value of | z1 + z2 |
(1) 3 (2) 1 (3) 4 (4) 5

C-9. Let z1 lies on | z | = 1 and z2 lies on | z | = 2 then minimum value of | z1 – z2 | is

(1) 3 (2) 1 (3) 4 (4) 5

C-10.If |z + 3|  3 then minimum and maximum values of |z + 1| are respectively

(1) 1, 5 (2) 0, 5 (3) 2, 5 (4) 1,2

C-11.For all complex numbers z1, z2 satisfying |z1| = 12 and |z2 –3–4i| = 5, the minimum value of |z1 – z2| is
(1) 0 (2) 2 (3) 7 (4) 17

C-12.If z  2 + i = 2, then the greatest and least value of z are respectively
(1) 5+2, 5 2 (2) 5+2,2– 5 (3) 5+2,0 (4) 5–2,0

C-13. If |z1 – 1 | < 1, |z2 – 2| < 2, |z3 – 3| < 3 then |z1 + z2 + z3|
(1) is less than 6 (2) is more than 3 (3) is less than 12 (4) lies between 6 and 12

Section (D) : Geometry of complex number and Rotation theorem

D-1. Length of the line segment joining the points – 1 – i and 2 + 3i is

(1) – 5 (2) 15 (3) 5 (4) 25

D-2. The vector z =  4 + 5i is turned counter clockwise through an angle of 180º & stretched 1.5 times. The
complex number corresponding to the newly obtained vector is :
15 15 15
(1) 6  i (2)  6  i (3) 6  i (4) 6  15 i
2 2 2

D-3. The points z1, z2, z3, z4 in the complex plane are the vertices of a parallelogram taken in order if and
only if :
(1) z1 + z4 = z2 + z3 (2) z1 + z3 = z2 + z4 (3) z1 + z2 = z3 + z4 (4) z1 + z2 + z3 + z4 = 0

D-4. If z = x + iy and |z – 2 + i| = |z – 3 – i|, then locus of z is

(1) 2x + 4y – 5 = 0 (2) 2x – 4y – 5 = 0 (3) x + 2y = 0 (4) x – 2y + 5 = 0
Complex Number

z  5i
D-5. The complex number z = x + iy which satisfy the equation  1 lie on :
z  5i
(1) the x-axis (2) the straight line y = 5
(3) a circle passing through the origin (4) the y-axis

D-6. If Arg (z – 2 – 3i) = , then the locus of z is
4

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

D-7. The equation |z – 1|2 + |z + 1|2 = 2 represents

(1) a circle of radius '1' (2) a straight line
(3) the ordered pair (0, 0) (4) set of two points
D-8. if |z + 1|2 + |z |2 = 4 , then the locus of z is
7
(1) Straight line (2) Circle with radius
4
7
(3) Parabola (4) Circle with radius
2
D-9. The points of intersection of the two curves z  3 = 2 and z = 2 in an argand plane are:
1 1 3 7 7 3
(1)
2

7i 3  (2)
2

3i 7  (3)
2
±i
2
(4) ± i
2 2

z2
D-10. If = 2 represents a circle, then its radius is equal to
z3
(1) 1 (2) 1/3 (3) 3/4 (4) 2/3

D-11. If |z + 1| = 2 |z – 1|, then the locus described by the point z in the Argand diagram is a
(1) Straight line (2) Circle (3) Parabola (4) One point
D-12.
Let A, B, C represent the complex numbers z1, z2, z3 respectively on the complex plane. If the
circumcentre of the triangle ABC lies at the origin, then the orthocentre is represented by the complex
number :
(1) z1 + z2  z3 (2) z2 + z3  z1 (3) z3 + z1  z2 (4) z1 + z2 + z3

D-13. If z1, z2, z3, are vetices of equiletral triangle then the value of z12  z22  z23 is
(1) z1 z2 + z2 z3 + z3 z1 (2) z1 z2 – z2 z3 – z3 z1 (3) –z1 z2 – z2 z3 – z3 z1 (4) z1 + z2 + z3

D-14. If z1, z2, are roots of z2 – az + b = 0 and 0, z1, z2 are vertices of equitetral triangle then
(1) a2 + 3b = 0 (2) a2 – 3b = 0 (3) a2 + 3b = 1 (4) a + 3b = 0

z1  z3 1 i 3
D-15.The complex numbers z1, z2 and z3 satisfying = are the vertices of a triangle which is
z2  z3 2
(1) of area zero (2) right angled isosceles
(3) equilateral (4) obtuse angled isosceles
Complex Number

D-16.Points z1 & z2 are adjacent vertices of a regular octagon. The vertex z3 adjacent to z2 (z3  z1) is
represented by :
1 1
(1) z2 + (1 ± i) (z1 + z2) (2) z2 + (1 ± i) (z1  z2)
2 2
1 1
(3) z2 + (1 ± i) (z2  z1) (4) z1 + (1 ± i) (z1 + z2)
2 2

Comprehension # 2 (D-17,D-18)

ABCD is a rhombus. Its diagonals AC and BD intersect at the point M and satisfy BD = 2AC. Let the
points D and M represent complex numbers 1 + i and 2 – i respecetively.

D-17. A possible representation of point A is

i i 3 3
(1) 3 – (2) 3 + (3) 1 + i (4) 3 – i
2 2 2 2
D-18. e =
iz

(1) e– r cos (cos (r cos ) + i sin (r sin )) (2) e– r cos (sin (r cos ) + i cos (r cos ))
(3) e– r sin (cos (r cos ) + i sin (r cos )) (4) e– r sin (sin (r cos ) + i cos (r sin ))

Section (E) : De moivre's theorem, cube roots and nth roots of unity
(cos   isin )4
E-1-. is equal to
(sin   icos )5
(1) cos  – i sin  (2) cos 9 – i sin 9 (3) sin  – i cos  (4) sin 9 – i cos 9

(cos 2 – isin 2)4 (cos 4  isin 4) –5

E-2. The value of is
(cos 3  isin3)–2 (cos 3 – isin3)–9
(1) cos 49 – i sin 49 (2) cos 23 – i sin 23 (3) cos 49 + i sin 49 (4) cos 21 + i sin 21
8
 1  cos(  / 8)  isin(  / 8) 
E-3.   is equal to
 1  cos( / 8) – i sin(  / 8) 
(1) – 1 (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 2
E-4. If (cos + i sin) (cos 2 + i sin 2) ... (cos n + i sin n) = 1, then the value of  is
2m  4m  m
(1) 4m, m  Z (2) ,mZ (3) ,mZ (4) ,mZ
n (n  1) n (n  1) n (n  1)
15 15

E-5.
 –1  i 3    –1– i 3  is equal to
(1– i)20 (1  i)20
1
(1) – 64 (2) – 32 (3) – 16 (4)
16
20 20
 –1  i 3   –1– i 3 
E-6.     =
2  2
   
1
(1) 20 3i (2) 1 (3) (4) – 1
219

E-7. If  is the cube root of unity, then (3 + 5+ 32)2 + (3 + 3+ 52)2 =
(1) 4 (2) 0 (3) – 4 (4) 4i
Complex Number

E-8. If  ( 1) be a cube root of unity and (1 +4)n = (1 + 2)n then the least positive integral value of n is
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 0

E-9. The value of (1 –  + 2) (1 – 2 + 4) (1 – 4 + 8) .......... to 2n factors is

(1) 2n (2) 4n (3) 4n (4) 2n

1 n 2n
E-10. If 1, , 2 are the cube roots of unity, then  = n 2n 1 is equal to-
2n n
 1 

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3)  (4) 2

334 365
 1 i 3   1 i 3 
E-11. If i = –1 , then 4 + 5  –   + 3 –   is equal to
 2 2  2 2
   
(1) 1– i 3 (2) –1  i 3 (3) i 3 (4) – i 3

E-12. If x = a + b + c, y = a + b + c and z = a + b + c, where  and  are complex cube roots of unity,

then xyz =
(1) 2(a3 + b3 + c3) (2) 2(a3 – b3 – c3) (3) a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc (4) a3 – b3 – c3

E-13. If x2 + x + 1 = 0 then the numerical value of;

2 2 2 2 2
 1  2 1   3 1   4 1   27 1 
 x     x  2    x  3    x  4   ......   x  27  =
 x  x   x   x   x 
(1) 54 (2) 36 (3) 27 (4) 18

E-13_ If  is one of the imaginary cube root of unity then the value of expression ,
(1 + 2 + 22)10 + (2 +  + 22)10
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3)  (4) 2

E-14.Let z1 and z2 be two nonreal complex cube roots of unity and |z –z1|2 + |z – z2|2 = be the equation of a
circle with z1, z2 as ends of a diameter then the value of  is
(1) 4 (2) 3 (3) 2 (4) 2

a  b  c
E-15. If , ,  are cube roots of 8 , then the value of is
a  b  c
(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4) 22

E-16. The sum of roots of equation (z – 1)4 – 16 = 0 is

(1) 0 (2) 4 (3) 1 – 2 i (4) 1 + 2 i
3/4
  
E-17. The product of all the roots of  cos  isin  is
 3 3 
3 1
(1) –1 (2) 1 (3) (4) –
2 2
2r 2r
E-18.If zr = cos + i sin , r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ... then the value of z1. z2. z3. z4. z5 is -
5 5
(1) 3 (2) 5 (3) 1 (4) 1
2 2
  1|
E-19. If  is non real and  = 5 1 then the value of 2|1       is equal to
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4) 0
Complex Number

Comprehension # 1 (E-20 to E-22)

2 2
If 1, n – 1 are nth roots of unity such that a = cos + i sin then they satisfy following
n n
properties :
(i) 1 + n – 1 
(ii) 1.  . 2 .........n – 1 = (– 1)n – 1
(iii) 1, n – 1 lie on circle with centre as origin and unit radius, being equidistant on the
2
circumference of circle by angle .
n
Read the above passage and answer the following :
6
 2 k 2 k 
E-20. The value of   sin
k 1  7
 icos
7 
is :

(1)  1 (2) 0 (3)  i (4) i

E-21. Let z1 and z2 be nth roots of unity which subtend a right angle at the origin. Then n must
be of the form
(1) 4k + 1 (2) 4k + 2 (3) 4k + 3 (4) 4k
E-22. The product of cube roots of – 1 is equal to
(1) – 2 (2) 0 (3) – 1 (4) 4

 Marked Questions may have for Revision Questions.

PART - I : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. The modulus and the principal argument of the complex number z = 2 (cos 30° + i sin 30°) are
respectively
 5  7
(1) 2, – (2) 2,  (3) –2, (4) 2,
6 6 6 6

18  18 
2. The modulus and the principal argument of the complex number z = 1 + cos + i sin are
25 25
respectively
9 9 9 9 9 9 9  16
(1) 2 cos , (2) 2 sin , (3) cos , (4) 2 cos ,
25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25

3. If (a + ib)5 =  + i then (b + ia)5 is equal to

(1)  + i (2)  – i (3)  – i (4) –  – i

4. If |z1 + z2|2 = |z1|2 + |zz|2 then

z1  z1
(1) amp may be equal to (2) is purely imaginary
z2 2 z2
(3) z1z2  z2 z1 = 0 (4) All of these

 3
5. The region represented by Re (z)  2, m(z)  2 and  arg(z)  lies in
8 8
(1) 1st quadrant (2) 2nd quadrant (3) 3rd quadrant (4) 4th quadrant
6. The inequality |z – 4| < | z – 2| represents :
(1) Re(z) > 0 (2) Re(z) < 0 (3) Re (z) > 2 (4) Re(z) > 3
Complex Number

7. The locus of z which lies in shaded region is best represented by

i

–i

  
(1) |z|  1,  arg z  (2) |z|  1, arg z  0
2 2 2
 
(3) |z|  0, 0  arg z  (4) |z|  1,  arg z 
2 2
8. POQ is a straight line through the origin O . P and Q represent the complex number a + i b and c + i d
respectively and OP = OQ. Then
(1) |a + i b| = | c + i d| (2) a – c = b – d
(3) arg (a + i b) = arg (c + i d) (4) a + c = b + d
9. If z satisfies the inequality |z – 1 – 2i|  1, then
3 
(1) min (arg (z)) = tan–1   (2) max (arg(z)) =
 4 6
(3) min (|z|) = 5 (4) max (|z|) = 5
10. O is origin and affixes of P, Q, R are respectively z, iz, z + iz. If PQR = 200 then the value of |z| is
(1) 15 (2) 20 (3) 10 (4) 25
11. If a and b are real numbers between 0 and 1 such that the points z1 = a + i, z2 = 1 + bi and z3 = 0 form
an equilateral triangle, then
(1) a = b = 2 + 3 (2) a = b = 2 – 3
(3) a = 2 – 3 and b = 2 + 3 (4) a = 2 + 3 and b = 2 – 3
1 3i
12. Let z1, z2, z3 be three vertices of an equilateral triangle circumscribing the circle |z| = 1. If z1 = 
2 2
and z1, z2, z3 are in anticlockwise sense then z2 is
1 3i
(1) 1  3 i (2) – (3) 1 (4) – 1
2 2
13. If |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = 1 and z1, z2, z3 are represented by the vertices of an equilateral triangle then
(1) z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 (2) z1z2z3 = 1 (3) z1 + z2 + z3 = 1 (4) z1z2z3 = 0

14. If three complex numbers are in A.P., then they lie on

(1) A circle in the complex plane (2) A straight line in the complex plane
(3) A parabola in the complex plane (4) Can not say

15. The radius of the circle z z + (4 – 3i)z + (4 + 3i) z + 5 = 0 is

(1) 2 5 (2) 5 (3) 3 5 (4) 4 5

      
16. The value of expression  cos  isin   cos 2  isin 2  ........ to  is
 2 2  2 2 
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) 0 (4) 2
n
 1  i tan   1  i tann 
17. The expression    when simplified reduces to :
 1  i tan   1  i tann 
(1) zero (2) 2 sin n (3) 2 cos n (4) –2 cos n
Complex Number

1 1
18. If 2 cos = x + and 2 cos  = y + , then
x y
1 1
(1) xn + n
= 2 cos (n) (2) xn + = 2 sin (n)
x xn
1 1
(3) xn – = 2 cos (n) (4) yn + = 2 sin (n)
xn yn
19. Let  be the non real cube root of unity which satisfy the equation h(x) = 0 where h(x) = x f(x 3) + x2g(x3).
If h(x) is polynomial with real coefficient then which statement is incorrect.
(1) f(1) = 0 (2) g(1) = 0 (3) h(1) = 0 (4) g(1)  f(1)

20. Let be an imaginary root of xn = 1. Then (5 – ) (5 – 2) .... (5 – n – 1) is

5n  1 5n – 1
(1) 1 (2) (3) 4n – 1 (4)
4 4

  1   2   3   4
21. If 1, 1, 2, 3, 4 be the roots of x5  1 = 0, then the value of 2 2
...
  1   2   3 2   4
2

is . (where  is imaginary cube root of unity.)

(1)  (2)  (3) 2 (2) 22
22. If  = ei2/11 then Real ( + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) equals to :
1 1
(1) (2) 1 (3) – (4) –1
2 2
2 2
23. If a = cos + i sin then the quadratic equation whose roots are  = a + a2 + a4 and
7 7
 = a3 + a5 + a6 is
(1) x2 + x – 2 = 0 (2) x2 – x + 2 = 0 (3) x2 – x – 2 = 0 (4) x2 + x + 2 = 0

PART - II : MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS

Section (A) : ASSERTION/REASONING

DIRECTIONS :
Each question has 4 choices (1), (2), (3) and (4) out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
(1) Both the statements are true.
(2) Statement- is true, but Statement- is false.
(3) Statement- is false, but Statement- is true.
(4) Both the statements are false.

A-1. Statement-1 : Arg (2 + 3i) + Arg (2 – 3i) = 0 (Arg z stands for principal argument of z)
Statement-2 : Arg z + Arg z = 0, z = x + iy,  x, y  R (Arg z stands for principal argument of z)

A-2. Statement-1 : Roots of the equation (1 + z)6 + z6 = 0 are collinear.

Statement-2 : If z1, z2, z3 are in A.P. then points represented by z1, z2, z3 are collinear

A-3. Let z1, z2, z3 represent vertices of a triangle.

1 1 1
Statement-1 :   = 0, when triangle is equilateral.
z1  z2 z2  z3 z3  z1
Statement-2 : |z1|2 – z1 z0 – z1 z0 = |z2|2 – z2 z0 – z2 z0 = |z3|2 – z3 z0 – z3 z0, where z0 is
circumcentre of triangle.
 Complex Number

Section (B) : MATCH THE COLUMN

B-1. Let z1 lies on | z | = 1 and z2 lies on | z | = 2.

Column –  Column – 
(A) Maximum value of | z1 + z2 | (p) 3

(B) Minimum value of | z1 – z2 | (q) 1

(C) Minimum value of | 2z1 + 3z2 | (r) 4

(D) Maximum value of | z1 – 2z2| (s) 5

Section (C) : ONE OR MORE THAN ONE OPTIONS CORRECT

6
 (2r  1) 
C-1. If z = x + iy, x y  R be any complex number such that its real part be  cos 
r 1
13 
and imaginary

9
(2p  1)
part be  cos
p 1
19
, then

 1 i
(1) 0 < arg (z) < (2) 0 < | z | < 1 (3) z  =1 (4) z lies on x + y = 2
2 2 2

C-2.  If amp (z1z2) = 0 and |z1| = |z2| = 1, then

(1) z1 + z2 = 0 (2) z1z2 = 1 (3) z1 = z2 (4) z1 = z2

C-3. If |z1 + z2|2 = |z1|2 + |zz|2 (where z1 and z2 are non-zero complex numbers), then
z1 z1
(1) is purely real (2) is purely imaginary
z2 z2
z1 
(3) z1z2  z2 z1 = 0 (4) amp may be equal to
z2 2

1  i1  2i1  3i ......1  ni 

C-4. If Z = , n  N then principal argument of Z can be
1  i 2  i  3  i ...... n  i
 
(1) 0 (2) (3) – (4) 
2 2

C-5. If z1, z2, z3 be the vertices (in anticlockwise sense) of an equilateral triangle incribed in | z | = k (k > 0)
and z1 = 1 + 3 i , then
(1) z3  z2 (2) z2 is pure real (3) z3  z1 (4) z1 + z2 + z3 = 0
Complex Number

 Marked Questions may have for Revision Questions.

* Marked Questions may have more than one correct option.
PART - I : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)
1. If  is an imaginary cube root of unity, then (1 +  – 2)7 equals- [AIEEE 2002, (3, –1), 225]
(1) 128  (2) – 128  (3) 128 2 (4) – 128 2

1 1  i  2 2
2. If (  1) is a cubic root of unity, then 1– i –1 2 – 1 equals- [AIEEE 2002, (3, –1), 225]
–i –1   – i –1

(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) i (4) 

3. Let z1 and z2 be two roots of the equation z2 + az + b = 0, z being complex. Further, assume that the
origin, z1 and z2 form an equilateral tringle. Then : [AIEEE 2003, (3, –1), 225]
(1) a2 = b (2) a2 = 2b (3) a2 = 3b (4) a2 = 4b

4. If z and  are two non-zero complex numbers such that |z| = 1, and

arg (z) – arg() = , then z  is equal to : [AIEEE 2003, (3, –1), 225]
2
(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) i (4) – i
x
 1 i 
5. If   = 1, then [AIEEE 2003, (3, –1), 225]
 1– i 
(1) x = 4 n, where n is any positive integer (2) x = 2 n, where n is any positive integer
(3) x = 4 n + 1, where n is any positive integer (4) x = 2n + 1, where n is any positive integer

1 n 2n
6. If 1, , 2 are the cube roots of unity, then  = n 2n 1 is equal to-
2n n
 1 
[AIEEE 2003, (3, –1), 225]
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3)  (4) 2

7. Let z,w be complex numbers such that z  iw  0 and arg zw = . Then arg z equals :
[AIEEE 2004, (3, –1), 225]
  3 5
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4 2 4 4

x y
8. If z = x – iy and z1/3 = p + iq, then    (p2  q2 ) is equal to : [AIEEE 2004, (3, –1), 225]
p q
(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) 2 (4) – 2

9. If |z2 – 1| = |z2| + 1, then z lies on : [AIEEE 2004, (3, –1), 225]

(1) the real axis (2) the imaginary axis (3) a circle (4) an ellipse
Complex Number

10. If the cube roots of unity are 1,,2, then the roots of the equation (x – 1)3 + 8 = 0, are :
[AIEEE 2005, (3, –1), 225]
(1) – 1, 1 + 2, 1 + 2 .
2
(2) – 1, 1 – 2, 1 – 2 .
2

(3) – 1, – 1, – 1. (4) –1, –1 + 2, – 1 –22.

11. If z1 and z2 are two non-zero complex numbers such that |z1 + z2| = |z1| + |z2|, then arg z1 – arg z2 is
equal to: [AIEEE 2005, (3, –1), 225]
 
(1) – (2) 0 (3) –  (4) .
2 2
z
12. If w = and |w| = 1, then z lies on : [AIEEE 2005, (3, –1), 225]
1
z– i
3
(1) a parabola (2) a straight line (3) a circle (4) an ellipse.

10
 2k 2k 
13. The value of   sin 11  i cos 11 
k 1
is : [AIEEE 2006 (3, –1), 120]

(1) 1 (2) – 1 (3) – i (4) i

14. If z2 + z + 1 = 0, where z is complex number, then the value of [AIEEE 2006 (3, –1), 120]
2 2 2 2
 1  2 1  3 1  6 1 
 z   +  z  2  +  z  3  +.......+  z  6  is :
 z   z   z   z 
(1) 54 (2) 6 (3) 12 (4) 18

15. If |z + 4|  3, then the maximum value of |z + 1| is [AIEEE 2007 (3, –1), 120]
(1) 4 (2) 10 (3) 6 (4) 0

1
16. The conjugate of a complex number is . Then, that complex number is-
i–1
[AIEEE 2008 (3, –1), 105]
1 1 1 1
(1) – (2) (3) – (4)
i–1 i 1 i 1 i–1

4
17. If z  = 2, then the maximum value of |z| is equal to : [AIEEE 2009 (4, –1), 144]
z
(1) 5 1 (2) 2 (3) 2  2 (4) 3 1

18. If  and  are the roots of the equation x2 – x + 1 = 0, then 2009 + 2009 = [AIEEE 2010 (4, –1), 144]
(1) – 1 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) –2

19. The number of complex numbers z such that | z – 1| = | z + 1| = |z – i| equals

[AIEEE 2010 (4, –1), 144]
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3)  (4) 0

20. If (1) is a cube root of unity and (1 + )7 = A + B . Then (A, B) equals [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, –1), 120]
(1) (0, 1) (2) (1, 1) (3) (1, 0) (4) (–1, 1)

21. Let , be real and z be a complex number. If z2 + z +  = 0 has two distinct roots on the line Re z =
1, then it is necessary that : [AIEEE 2011, I, (4, –1), 120]
(1)   (0, 1) (2)  (–1, 0) (3) || = 1 (4)   (1, )
Complex Number

z2
22. If z  1 and is real, then the point represented by the complex number z lies :
z 1
(1) either on the real axis or on a circle passing through the origin. [AIEEE-2012, (4, –1)/120]
(2) on a circle with centre at the origin.
(3) either on the real axis or on a circle not passing through the origin.
(4) on the imaginary axis.
 1 z 
23. If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument , then arg   equals :
 1 z 
[AIEEE - 2013, (4, – 1) 120 ]

(1) – (2)   (3)  (4) – 
2
1
24. If z a complex number such that |z|  2, then the minimum value of z  :
2
[JEE(Main) 2014,(4,–1), 120]
(1) is strictly greater than 5/2 (2) is strictly greater than 3/2 but less than 5/2
(3) is equal to 5/2 (4) lie in the interval (1, 2)
25 A complex number z is said to be unimodular if |z| = 1. Suppose z1 and z2 are complex numbers such
z1 – 2z2
that is unimodular and z2 is not unimodular. Then the point z1 lies on a :
2 – z1z2
[JEE(Main) 2015, (4, – 1), 120]
(1) straight line parallel to x-axis (2) straight line parallel to y-axis
(3) circle of radius 2 (4) circle of radius 2

26. A value of  for which 2  3i sin  is purely imaginary, is : [JEE(Main) 2016, (4, – 1), 120]
1– 2i sin 
 3 1 
(1)  (2) sin–1   (3) sin–1   (4) 
6  4   3 3
1 1 1
1 – 2  1 2
27. Let  be a complex number such that 2 + 1 = z where z = –3 . If = 3k, then k is equal to:
1 2 7

[JEE(Main) 2017, (4, – 1), 120]

(1) –z (2) z (3) –1 (4) 1

PART - II : JEE (ADVANCED) / IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. For all complex numbers z1, z2 satisfying |z1| = 12 and |z2 –3–4i| = 5, the minimum value of
|z1 – z2| is [IIT-JEE-2002, Scr, (3, – 1), 90]
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 7 (D) 17

1 1 1
1 3
2. Let  =  + i . Then the value of the determinant 1 1  2 2 is:
2 2
1 2 4
[IIT-JEE-2002, Scr, (3, – 1), 90]
(A) 3  (B) 3  ( 1) (C) 3 2 (D) 3  (1 )

z 1
3. If |z| = 1 and  = (where z  –1), the Re() is [IIT-JEE-2003, Scr, (3, – 1), 84]
z 1
1 z 1 2
(A) 0 (B)  (C) . (D)
| z  1|2
z  1 | z  1|2 | z  1|2
Complex Number

4. The locus of z which lies in shaded region (excluding the boundaries) is best represented by
[IIT-JEE-2005, Scr, (3, –1), 84]

(A) z : |z + 1| > 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /4 (B) z : |z – 1| > 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2 and |arg (z + 1)| < /2 (D) z : |z – 1| < 2 and |arg (z – 1)| < /2

5. a, b, c are integers, not all simultaneously equal and  is cube root of unity (  1), then minimum value
of |a + b + c2| is [IIT-JEE-2005, Scr, (3, –1), 84)]
3 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2
  z
6. Let  =  + i,  0 and z  1, If is purely real, then the set of values of z is
1 z
[IIT-JEE-2006, Main, (3, –1), 184]
(A) {z : |z| = 1} (B) {z : z = z} (C) {z : |z|  1} (D) {z : |z| = 1, z  1}

7. A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin towards the north-east (N 45 º E) direction. From
there, he walks a distance of 4 units towards the north-west (N 45 º W) direction to reach a point P.
Then the position of P in the Argand plane is [IIT-JEE-2007, Paper-I, (3, – 1), 81]
(A) 3 ei/4 + 4i (B) (3 – 4i) ei/4 (C) (4 + 3i)ei/4 (D) (3 + 4i)ei/4

z
8. If |z| = 1 and z  ± 1, then all the values of lie on [IIT-JEE-2007, Paper-II, (3, – 1), 81]
1  z2
(A) a line not passing through the origin (B) |z| = 2
(C) the x-axis (D) the y-axis

9. Let   1 be a cube root of unity and S be the set of all non-singular matrices of the form
1 a b
 
 1 c  , where each of a, b and c is either  or 2. Then the number of distinct matrices in the set
 2  1

S is [IIT-JEE-2011, Paper-2, (3, –1)/80]
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8

10. Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z is non zero and a = z2 + z + 1 is real. Then
a cannot take the value [IIT-JEE 2012, PAPER- 1, (3, –1)/70]
1 1 3
(A) –1 (B) (C) (D)
3 2 4
11.* Let  be a complex cube root of unity with   1 and P = [pij] be a n × n matrix with pij =  i +j
. Then
P  0, when n =
2
[JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
(A) 57 (B) 55 (C) 58 (D) 56
Complex Number

Paragraph for Question Nos. 12 to 13

Let S = S1  S2 S3, where
  z – 1 3 i  
S1 = {z C : |z| < 4}, S2 = z  C : m    0  and
  1– 3 i  
S3 : {z C : Re z > 0}.

12. Area of S = [JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]

10 20 16 32

(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 3 3

13. min | 1– 3i – z | = [JEE (Advanced) 2013, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]

zS

2– 3 2 3 3– 3 3 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2

 2k   2k 
14. Let zk = cos    isin   ; k  1, 2,...9 .
 10   10 
[JEE (Advanced) 2014, Paper-2, (3, –1)/60]
List I List II

P. For each zk there exists a zj such that zk. zj = 1 1. True

Q. There exists a k  {1,2,....,9} such that z1.. z = zk has 2. False
no solution z in the set of complex numbers.

| 1– z1 || 1– z 2 | ..... | 1– z 9 |
R. equals 3. 1
10
9
 2k 
S. 1–  cos  10  equals
k 1
4. 2

P Q R S
(A) 1 2 4 3
(B) 2 1 3 4
(C) 1 2 3 4
(D) 2 1 4 3
 1 
15. Let a, b Rand a2 + b2 0. Suppose S = z  R : z  a  ibt ,t  R,t  0  , where i = –1 .

If z = x + iy and z S then (x, y) lies on [JEE (Advanced) 2016, Paper-2, (4, –2)/62]
1  1 
(A) the circle with radius 2a and centre  2a ,0  for a >0,b0
 

1  1 
(B) the circle with radius – and centre  – 2a ,0  for a < 0, b  0
2a  

(C) the x-axis for a 0, b = 0

(D) the y-axis for a = 0, b  0
16. Let a, b, x and y be real numbers such that a – b = 1 and y  0. If the complex number z = x + iy
 az  b 
satisfies Im   = y, then which of the following is(are) possible value(s) of x ?
 z 1 
[JEE(Advanced) 2017, Paper-1,(4, –2)/61]
(A) 1 – 1 y 2 (B) – 1– 1– y2 (C) 1 + 1 y 2 (D) – 1 + 1 – y 2
 Complex Number

EXERCISE - 1
Section (A) :
A-1. (2) A-2. (2) A-3. (3) A-4. (4) A-5. (2) A-6. (1) A-7. (4)
A-8. (3) A-9. (1) A-10. (1) A-11. (2) A-12. (2) A-13. (1)
Section (B) :
B-1. (1) B-2. (4) B-3. (3) B-4. (2) B-5. (3) B-6. (3) B-7. (1)
B-8. (2) B-9. (3) B-10. (3)
Section (C) :
C-1. (2) C-2. (1) C-3. (2) C-4. (1) C-5. (1) C-6. (2) C-7. (1)
C-8. (1) C-9. (2) C-10. (2) C-11. (2) C-12. (1) C-13. (3)
Section (D) :
D-1. (3) D-2. (1) D-3. (2) D-4. (1) D-5. (1) D-6. (1) D-7. (3)
D-8. (4) D-9. (2) D-10. (4) D-11. (2) D-12. (4) D-13. (1) D-14. (2)
D-15. (3) D-16. (3) D-17. (1) D-18. (3)
Section (E) :
E-1-. (4) E-2. (1) E-3. (1) E-4. (3) E-5. (1) E-6. (4) E-7. (3)
E-8. (1) E-9. (2) E-10. (1) E-11. (3) E-12. (3) E-13.(1) E-13. (1)
E-14. (2) E-15. (2) E-16. (2) E-17. (2) E-18.(3) E-19. (1) E-20. (4)
E-21. (4) E-22. (3)

EXERCISE - 2
PART - I
1.

(2) 2. (1) 3. (1) 4. (4) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (1)
8.

(1) 9. (1) 10. (2) 11. (2) 12. (4) 13. (1) 14. (2)
15.

(1) 16. (1) 17. (1) 18. (1) 19. (4) 20. (4) 21. (1)
22. (3) 23. (4)
PART - II
Section (A) :
A-1. (2) A-2. (1) A-3. (1)
Section (B) :
B-1. (A)  (p), (B)  (q), (C)  (r), (D)  (s)
Section (C) :
C-1. (1,2,3,) C-2. (2,3) C-3. (2,3,4) C-4. (1,2,3,4) C-5. (2,3,4,)

EXERCISE - 3

PART - I
1. (4) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (4) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (3)
8. (4) 9. (2) 10. (2) 11. (2) 12. (2) 13. (3) 14. (3)
15. (3) 16. (3) 17. (1) 18. (2) 19. (1) 20. (2) 21. (4)
22. (1) 23. (3) 24. (4) 25 (3) 26. (3) 27. (1)

PART - II
1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (D) 7. (D)
8. (D) 9. (A) 10. (D) 11.* (BCD) 12. (B) 13. (C) 14. (C)
15. (A,C,D) 16. (B,D)
Complex Number

PART - I : PRACTICE TEST PAPER

This Section is not meant for classroom discussion. It is being given to promote self-study and self
testing amongst the Resonance students.

Max. Marks : 120 Max. Time : 1 Hr.

Important Instructions :
1. The test is of 1 hour duration and max. marks 120.
2. The test consists 30 questions, 4 marks each.
3. Only one choice is correct 1 mark will be deducted for incorrect response. No deduction from the total
score will be made if no response is indicated for an item in the answer sheet.
4. There is only one correct response for each question. Filling up more than one response in any
question will be treated as wrong response and marks for wrong response will be deducted accordingly
as per instructions 3 above.

1 3 i
1. The amplitude of is
3 i
   
(1) (2) (3) (4)
6 6 3 2

2. 8  6i =
(1) 1± 3i (2) ± (1–3i) (3) ± (1+3i) (4) ± (3 – i)
1
3. The value of (–i) 3 is
1  3i 1  3i  3 i 3 i
(1) (2) (3) (4)
2 2 2 2

4. If |z| = 2, then the points representing the complex numbers –1+5z will lie on a
(1) circle (2) straight line (3) parabola (4) hyperbola

5. Let z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 2 – 3i be two points on the complex plane . Then the set of complex numbers z
satisfiyng |z–z1|2 + |z–z2|2 = |z1–z2|2 represents
(1) A straight line (2) A point (3) A circle (4) A pair of stright lines

6. If n is a positive integer not multiple of 3, then 1+n + 2n = (where  is imaginary cube root of unity)
(1) 3 (2) 1 (3) 0 (4) 2
x 1  2
7. If  is imaginary cube root of unity, then a root of the equation  x  2 1  0 is
2 1 x

(1) x = 1 (2) x =  (3) x =  (4) x = 0

8. If  is imaginary cube root of unity then value of (1+ –)2 +(1– +)2 + 1 is
(1) 1 (2) – 3 (3) – 1 (4) 7
Complex Number

1
9. If z + = 1 then z100 + z–100 is equal to
z
(1) i (2) – i (3) 1 (4) – 1

15 15

10.
 1  i 3  
 1  i 3  is equal to
(1  i)20 (1  i)20
1
(1) – 64 (2) – 32 (3) – 16 (4)
16
 zi 
11. Locus of z such that arg   = is
 zi 2
(1) Circle (2) Minor arc of circle
(3) Major arc of circle (4) Semi circle

1
12. If  and  are imaginary cube roots of unity, then  4  4  

(1) 3 (2) 0 (3) 1 (4) 2

13. (sin+i cos)n is equal to

(1) cosn + i sinn (2) sinn + i cosn
   
(3) cosn      isinn     (4) sin + i cos
2  2 

n
 1  sin   icos  
14.   =
 1  sin   icos  
 n   n   n   n 
(1) cos   n   isin   n  (2) cos   n   isin   n 
 2   2   2   2 
 n   n     
(3) sin   n   icos   n  (4) sinn   2   icosn   2 
 2   2  2  2 

i 2 i
15. If z = x + iy is a complex number satisfying | z  | | z  |2 , then the locus of z is
2 2
(1) 2y = x (2) y = x (3) y – axis (4) x-axis

16. If z = x + iy and |z – iz| = 1, then

(1) z , lies x-axis (2) z , lies y-axis (3) z , lies on a circle (4) z , lies on a parabola

1
17. If  is a complex number satisfying    2 , then maximum distance of  from orgin is

(1) 2 + 3 (2) 1+ 2 (3) 1+ 3 (4) 1 – 2

18. If a and b are real numbers between 0 and 1 such that the points z1 = a + i, z2 = 1+bi, and z3 = 0 form
an equilateral triangle, then
(1) a = b = 2+ 3 (2) a = b = 2– 3 (3) a = 2– 3 (4) a = b = 3 + 3
1
19.  7  24i 2  x  iy then x2 + y2 =
(1) 15 (2) 25 (3) – 25 (4) 20
Complex Number

7i
20. If z = , then z14=
3  4i
(1) 27 (2) 27 i (3) 214i (4) – 27i
21. If |z1+z2| = |z1– z2|, then the difference in the amplitude of z1 and z2 is
  
(1) (2) (3) (4) 0
4 3 2
1 i
22. Argument and modulus of are respectively
1 i
  
(1) and 1 (2) and 2 (3) 0 and 2 (4) and 1
2 2 2
23. The principle argument of (sin40° + icos40°)5 is
(1) 70° (2) – 110° (3) 110° (4) – 70°
24. Which of the following equation can represent a triangle
(1) |z–1| = |z–2| (2) |z–1| = |z–2|=|z–i| (3) |z–1| – |z–2|=29 (4) |z–1|2 + |z–2|2=4
1  i 4i
25. The modulus of  is
3i 5
11 1 12
(1) 5 units (2) units (3) units (4) units
5 5 5

26. Suppose z1,z2,z3 are the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle |z| = 2. If z1 = 1+i, then
values of z3 and z2 respectively
(1) – 2, 1  i 3 (2) 2,i 3 (3) 1  i 3, 2 (4) – 2,i 3

27. If z satisfies the inequality |z – 1 – 2i|  1, then which of the following are true.
(1) maximum value of |z| = 5  1 (2) minimum value of |z| = 5  1
3
(3) minimum value of arg(z) = /2 (4) maximum value of arg(z) = tan–1  
 4
28. If z is a complex number then (z + 5) ( z + 5) is
(1) (z+5)2 (2) |z+5|2 (3) |z+5i|2 (4) |z–5|2

(  3  3i)(1  i)
29. The complex number
(3  3 i) i ( 3  3 i)
when represented in the argand plane is
(1) In the 2nd quadrant (2) In the Ist quadrant (3) on the y-axis (4) on the x-axis
30. If cube root of unity be 1,,2, then the roots of the equation (x–2)3+ 27 = 0 are
(1) – 1, 3 – 2 , 3 – 22 (2) – 1, 1 – 2 , 1 – 22
(3) – 1, 1 + 2 , 1 + 2 2
(4) –1, 2 – 3, 2 – 32

Practice Test (JEE-Main Pattern)

OBJECTIVE RESPONSE SHEET (ORS)

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Ans.

Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Ans.

Que. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Ans.
Complex Number

PART - II : PRACTICE QUESTIONS

2 2
1._ Values of z satisfying the equation z – (1+i) zz1 + iz1 = 0 (where z1 is a complex no.) are two vertices
of a triangle having one vertex as origin then the area of this triangle is
1 2 2 1 2 2
(1) z1 (2) 2 z1 (3) z1 (4) 3 z1
3 2

1  z  z2
2. Let z be non real number such that  R, then value of 7|z| is
1  z  z2
(1)  (2)  (3)  (4) 7

3. Given z is a complex number with modulus 1. Then the equation [(1 + ia)/(1 – ia)]4 = z in 'a' has
(1) all roots real and distinct (2) two real and two imaginary
(3) three roots real and one imaginary (4) one root real and three imaginary

 z 1  4 
4. If log1/2   > 1, then the locus of z is
3 z  1  2
 
(1) Exterior to circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
(2) Interior to circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
(3) Circle with center 1 + i0 and radius 10
(4) Circle with center 2 + i0 and radius 10

5. Let O = (0, 0) ; A = (3, 0) ; B = (0, 1) and C = (3, 2), then minimum value of
|z| + |z – 3| + |z – i| + |z – 3 – 2i| occur at
(1) intersection point of AB and CO (2) intersection point of AC and BO
(3) intersection point of CB and AO (4) mean of O, A, B, C

6. Locus of z such that Arg (z + i)  Arg (z  i) = /2 is

semicircle x2 + y2 = k2 in first and fourth quadrants, then k =
(1) 3 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 1

z–2 
7. If z = x + iy and arg    , then locus of z is
z2 6
(1) A straight line (2) Arc of a circle (3) A parabola (4) An ellipse

8. The vertices B and D of a parallelogram are 1 – 2i and 4 + 2i. If the diagonals are at right angles and
AC = 2BD, the complex number representing A is
5 3 3 3
(1) (2) – (3) + 2i (4) – + 3i
2 2 2 2
z1  z2 
9. If z1 & z2 are two complex numbers & if arg = but z1  z2  z1  z2 then the figure formed
z1  z2 2

by the points represented by 0, z1, z2 & z1 + z2 is :

(1) a parallelogram but not a rectangle or a rhombous
(2) a rectangle but not a square
(3) a rhombous but not a square
(4) a square
Complex Number

10. The real values of the parameter ‘a’ for which at least one complex number z = x + iy satisfies both the
equality z  ai = a + 4 and the inequality z  2 < 1.
 21 5   7 5 5 7  21 7 
(1)   ,   (2)   ,   (3)  ,  (4)   , 
 10 6   2 6 6 2  10 2 
11. If z1 , z2 and z1 + z2 are vertices of an equilateral triangle (where z1 and z2 are complex numbers) and
2 2
z1 + z2 = z1z2 (R) then  is equal to
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) –2 (4) –1

12._ If 4 |z – 2 – 3i|  5 and maximum and minimum values of |z – 1 – i| are M and m respectively then
M + m is equal to
(1) 8 (2) 5 4 (3) 8 + 5 (4) 9

PART - I
1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (3) 4. (1) 5. (3) 6. (3) 7. (4)
8. (2) 9. (4) 10. (1) 11. (4) 12. (2) 13. (3) 14. (1)
15. (4) 16. (3) 17. (2) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (4) 21. (3)
22. (4) 23. (2) 24. (2) 25. (3) 26. (1) 27. (1) 28. (2)
29. (3) 30. (4)

PART - II

1. (3) 2. (4) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (2)

8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (4)