De Thi Lop 10
De Thi Lop 10
De Thi Lop 10
10 HG
PART I. LISTENING
Question 1. Listen to the passage and then fill in the blank with NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS. (20 pts)
Cavers explore the underground places such as mines and (1) …………………….. as
well as caves.
When cavers camp underground, they choose places which have both space and (2)
………………… available.
In the UK, the place Mike likes best for caving is (3) ………………………. .
As a physical activity, Mike compares caving to (4) ……………………….. .
Cavers can pay as much as £20 for a suitable (5) ………………………….. .
Cavers can pay as much as £50 for the right kind of (6) ………………………, which
is worn on the head.
Mike recommends buying expensive (7) ……………………….. to avoid having
accidents.
Caving is a sport for people of (8) ………………………….. and backgrounds.
Some caves in Britain are called “places of (9) …………………………” .
The need for safety explains why people don’t organise caving (10) …………. .
Your answers:
1. ……………………………………. 6. …………………………………….
2. ……………………………………. 7. …………………………………….
3. ……………………………………. 8. …………………………………….
4. ……………………………………. 9. …………………………………….
5. ……………………………………. 10. ……………………………………
Question 2. Complete the table below, using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS
AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. (10 pts)
Apartments Facilities Other information Cost
Rose Garden Studio flat Example: £219
Apartments Entertainment programme:
Greek dancing
Blue Bay large salt-water - just (1) ………… metres £275
Apartments swimming pool from beach
- near shop
(2) ……………… terrace watersports £490
Apartments
The Grand - Greek paintings - overlooking (4) (5) £
- (3) ………….. ………….. ………………
- near a supermarket and a
disco
Your answers:
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
Question 3. Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for
each of the following questions. (10 pts)
1. How often does Sarah paint now?
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A. three days a week B. five days a week
C. every evening D. Once a month
2. Sarah earns enough money from her painting to ……………………… .
A. give up her computing job B. pay for her flat and car
C. pay for her artist’s materials D. travel around the world
3. What pleased Sarah most about her painting holidays?
A. seeing beautiful scenery B. meeting other artists
C. receiving individual teaching D. going hiking
Question 6. Each sentence has ONE mistake, find out and correct it. There is an example
at the beginning. (10 pts)
Example: If it rain, we won’t go out tonight.
rain → rains
1. Never in the history of humanity has there been more people living on this relatively small
planet.
2. When the U.S. government’s library was burned by the British in 1814, former President
Thomas Jefferson donated 6,487 of their own books to start the present-day Library of
Congress.
3. Surrounded by forested mountain slopes are the town of Telluride, a former gold-mining
town 7,500 feet above sea level.
4. So extensive the lakes are that they are viewed as the largest bodies of fresh water in the
world.
5. The amount of women earning Master’s degree has risen sharply in recent years.
6. When a Vietnamese wants to work part-time in Australia, he needs to get a work
permission.
7. Some methods to prevent soil erosion are ploughing parallel with the slopes of hills, to
plant trees on unproductive land, and rotating crops.
8. All almost the electricity for industrial use comes from large generators driven by steam
turbines.
9. The girl whom I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully.
10. It is often said that the British talks about the weather more than any other people in the
world.
Answers:
1. ……………………………………. 6. …………………………………….
2. ……………………………………. 7. …………………………………….
3. ……………………………………. 8. …………………………………….
4. ……………………………………. 9. …………………………………….
5. ……………………………………. 10. ………………..………………….
Question 7. Fill in each blank with a suitable particle or preposition. (10 pts)
1. She talked me ……………… going with her even though I didn’t want to.
2. My mum told me ……………… for coming home late from school.
3. We don’t know yet how we’ll solve the problem but I'm sure someone will come
…………… with a solution soon.
4. He asked her to marry him but she turned him ………………… . He felt very sad.
5. After a week on the run, he gave himself ……………… to the police.
6. Jake’s left home so we should do ……………… his bedroom now.
7. Hopes of a peace settlement began to fade ……………… as the two sides refused to
compromise.
8. She looks ………………… on people who haven’t been to college.
9. Firefighters were ……………… the scene immediately.
10. Don’t worry. The pain should wear ……………… fairly soon.
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Your answers:
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. …………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. ………..…
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The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive
amounts of ice to crash into the ocean. This would further raise the sea level and release more
ice, which could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the
amount of sunlight reflected back into space. The cycle would then be complete as this could
cause global temperatures to drop enough to initiate another ice age.
1. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The possibility that the popular ice caps will melt
B. The coming of another ice age
C. Man’s effect on the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere
D. The climate of the Earth over the years
2. According to the passage, carbon dioxide is stored in each of the following EXCEPT
A. polar ice caps. B. sedimentary rocks. C. rain forests. D. fossil fuel.
3. Which of the following does the author NOT mention as a consequence of a large rise in
global sea level?
A. The destruction of wetlands B. The flooding of cities
C. A more diverse marine population D. Severe storms
4. According to the passage, what is the relationship between carbon dioxide and the Earth’s
climate?
A. Carbon dioxide, which is trapped in glacial ice, is released when warm temperatures
cause the ice melt.
B. The greenhouse effect, which leads to the warming of the climate, is result of too
much carbon stored in the Earth’s crust.
C. Rain causes carbon dioxide to be washed out of the atmosphere and into the ocean.
D. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the warming of the climate.
5. The word beneficial in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ………………… .
A. calm B. inviting C. thoughtful D. favorable
6. The word “this” in the third paragraph refers to …………………… .
A. man’s upsetting the equation
B. the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide.
C. a volcanic eruption
D. the melting of the polar ice caps
7. The word “inhospitable” is closest in meaning to …………………… .
A. imperfect B. uninhabitable C. unlikable D. cruel
8. It can be inferred from the passage that the development of agriculture …………… .
A. preceded the development of animal husbandry.
B. withstood vast changes in the Earth’s climate.
C. did not take place during an ice age.
D. was unaffected by the greenhouse effect.
9. The word “massive” can be replaced to …………………… .
A. wide B. huge C. dense D. thick
10. What does the final paragraph of the passage mainly discuss?
A. The relationship between the ocean and the sun
B. The amount of sunlight reflected into space
C. A rise in global temperatures
D. The conditions that could lead to an ice age
Your answers:
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1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. …………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. ………..…
Question 11. Read the passage including seven paragraphs and do the following tasks.
(20 pts)
Task 1. The text has seven paragraphs, A-G
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number, i-x, in boxes 1-5 below.
List of Headings
i American water withdrawal
ii Economic pricing
iii What the future holds
iv Successful measures taken by some
v The role of research
vi The thirsty sectors
vii Ways of reducing waste
viii Interdependence of natural resources
ix The demands of development
x The consequences for agriculture
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many developing countries, faced as they are with a chronic lack of capital and a largely
untrained rural workforce. After agriculture, industry is the second biggest user of water and,
in terms of value added per litre used, is sixty times more productive than agriculture.
However, some industrial processes use vast amounts of water. For example, production of 1
kg of aluminium might require 1,500 litres of water. Paper production too is often very water-
intensive. Though new processes have greatly reduced consumption, there is still plenty of
room for big savings in industrial uses of water.
C.
In rich countries, water consumption has gradually been slowed down by price
increases and the use of modern technology and recycling. In the USA, industrial production
has risen fourfold since 1950, while water consumption has fallen by more than a third. Japan
and Germany have similarly improved their use of water in manufacturing processes.
Japanese industry, for example, now recycles more than 75% of process water. However,
industrial water consumption is continuing to increase sharply in developing countries. With
domestic and agricultural demands also increasing, the capacity of water supply systems is
under growing strain.
D.
Many experts believe that the best way to counter this trend is to impose water charges
based on the real cost of supplies. This would provide a powerful incentive for consumers to
introduce water-saving processes and recycling. Few governments charge realistic prices for
water, especially to farmers. Even in rich California, farmers get water for less than a tenth of
the cost of supply. In many developing countries there is virtually no charge for irrigation
water, while energy prices are heavily subsidised too (which means that farmers can afford to
run water pumps day and night). Water, which was once regarded as a free gift from heaven,
is becoming a commodity which must be bought and sold on the open market just like oil. In
the oil industry, the price increases which hit the market in the 1970s, coupled with concerns
that supplies were running low, led to new energy conservation measures all over the world.
It was realised that investing in new sources was a far more costly option than improving
efficiency of use. A similar emphasis on conservation will be the best and cheapest option for
bridging the gap between water supply and demand.
E.
One way to cut back on water consumption is simply to prevent leaks. It is estimated
that in some of the biggest cities of the Third World, more than half of the water entering the
system is lost through leaks in pipes, dripping taps and broken installations. Even in the UK,
losses were estimated at 25% in the early 1990s because of the failure to maintain the
antiquated water supply infrastructure. In addition, huge quantities of water are consumed
because used water from sewage pipes, storm drains and factories is merely flushed away and
discharged into rivers or the sea. The modern approach, however, is to see used water as a
resource which can be put to good use - either in irrigation or, after careful treatment, as
recycled domestic water. Israel, for instance, has spent heavily on used water treatment.
Soon, treated, recycled water will account for most farm irrigation there. There are other
examples in cities such as St Petersburg, Florida, where all municipal water is recycled back
into domestic systems.
F.
Another way of conserving water resources involves better management of the
environment generally. Interference with the ecosystem can have a severe effect on both local
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rainfall patterns and water run-off. Forest clearings associated with India’s Kabini dam
project reduced local rainfall by 25%, a phenomenon observed in various other parts of the
world where large-scale deforestation has taken place. Grass and other vegetation acts as a
sponge which absorbs rainfall both in the plants and in the ground. Removal of the vegetation
means that rainfall runs off the top of the land, accelerating erosion instead of being gradually
fed into the soil to renew ground water.
G.
Global warming is bound to affect rainfall patterns, though there is considerable
disagreement about its precise effects. But it is likely that, as sea levels rise, countries in low-
lying coastal areas will be hit by seawater penetration of ground water. Other countries will
experience changes in rainfall which could have a major impact on agricultural yield - either
for better or for worse. In broad terms, it is thought that rainfall zones will shift northwards,
adding to the water deficit in Africa, the Middle East and the Mediterranean - a grim prospect
indeed.
Task 2. Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.
Individual water usage is rising dramatically as people living in industrialized countries
become increasingly (1) ……………. . As well as increased consumption per (2) ……….,
the growing demand for fresh water is due to a bigger global (3) …………. than in the past.
The only way to control this increase in demand is to charge high prices for water while also
promoting conservation measures. Improvements in (4) ………… systems and industrial
processes could dramatically increase the efficiency of water use. There are examples of
industries in some rich countries that have reduced their consumption rates through (5)
……………, the application of (6) ……………… and recycling. But in agricultural and
domestic sectors, the price of water is still subsidized so it is not regarded as a commodity
that people need to pay a realistic price for.
Other ways of protecting supplies are to reduce water loss resulting from (7) ……. in
the supply systems and to find ways of utilizing used water. Longer term measures, such as
improved environmental (8) …………….. would protect the ecosystem and ensure the
replenishment of ground water for future generations. Without such measures, future supplies
are uncertain, especially when global warming is expected to interfere with (9) ……………
patterns and to worsen the (10) …………… already suffered by many countries today.
Your answers:
1. …………… 2. …………… 3. …………… 4. …………… 5. ……………
6. …………… 7. …………… 8. …………… 9. …………… 10. ………..…
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