At any section :

8.1) Principal Stresses In a Beam on = ME where M? My 't ME

•
Simple Beam with load : Tm= ¥
Me ④ side of the ✗ lox ; Txy / → orientation
-

0m
-

+ she" """
I w The shear @ ✗ is negative •

Tm =
KQ positive ✗ face ; negative y direction
It i. ✗ lox ; -

Txy↑° Sub in and

it then becomes ⊕
•

Principal stress trajectories : •

Maximum shearing stress :

orthogonal which display t.max-UEY-ikmi-VIE-i.tt 1¥12

'
↳ curves

variation of principal stresses .

for a circular or annular cross-section ,
21=5 J = "¥
•
Solid lines :
tensile principal stresses . Imax
-
-
ÉVMTT"
•

Dashed lines : compressive principal stresses .

•

Shaft section requirement :

@ F) max
'

↳ Intersect 90 WM
(F)
'
= +

min tall
•
Wide flange Beams
- :

Largest principal stresses occur usually

-

at top and bottom I A&E) .

.
_
f- 217ft
-

The maximum shear stresses acting on ,

=
2-11%-1
cross section always occur at neutral axis .
-
- a
3)

1) 4)

2)

Etc 3)
ggg Bg
-
-

MMMM 4) __

MAN
•
•

Ms _

8.2) Design of Transmission shafts

•
Power is transferred to and from the shaft
by gears / sprocket wheels shaft -
is subjected 8.3) Stresses under Combined loadings
to transverse loading & torsional loading
•
In structures , the members are required
.

many
Normal stresses due to transverse loads -0 to resist more than kind of loading
•

one .

large & should be included in determination ↳ We use SUPERPOSITION to determine the resultant stress

of distribution caused the loads

Max shearing stress .

by .

Shearing stress due to transverse toads Principle of superposition caused each load acting
•

stresses by
•

are :

usually small & contribution to Max shearing separately , can be superimposed to analyse structural members
stress may be neglected subjected to combined loadings .
 General Internal forces :
*
V -

vertical
*
N -

normal
→
Answer
•
-

M -

moment
*
T torsion
-

foot

--TEaoaf-%M

iPad
F-
•any
•*

wÉ¥⑨=
MMMM
BY I

ETE

of semi-circle
rotate from centroid
.