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    Number Sense: Decimals

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    Brian Neises
    Number Sense: Decimals How Do Stockholders Use Math? Decimals: Rounding We “round” numbers when we only need a reasonable approximation, or to keep numbers significant. If 3 people split a pizza, each person gets: 0.333333333333. . . . of the pizza. tenths hundredths thousandths trillionths billionths When do we stop? millionths Decimals: Rounding We can round t wo different ways: 1) To a specific place value, or 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 6 up to 7? stays 6? 1) Find the

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    Number Sense: Decimals

    Uploaded by

    Brian Neises
    79 views28 pages
    Number Sense: Decimals How Do Stockholders Use Math? Decimals: Rounding We “round” numbers when we only need a reasonable approximation, or to keep numbers significant. If 3 people split a pizza, each person gets: 0.333333333333. . . . of the pizza. tenths hundredths thousandths trillionths billionths When do we stop? millionths Decimals: Rounding We can round t wo different ways: 1) To a specific place value, or 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 6 up to 7? stays 6? 1) Find the

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    Number Sense: Decimals How Do Stockholders Use Math? Decimals: Rounding We “round” numbers when we only need a reasonable approximation, or to keep numbers significant. If 3 people split a pizza, each person gets: 0.333333333333. . . . of the pizza. tenths hundredths thousandths trillionths billionths When do we stop? millionths Decimals: Rounding We can round t wo different ways: 1) To a specific place value, or 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 6 up to 7? stays 6? 1) Find the

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views28 pages

    Number Sense: Decimals

    Uploaded by

    Brian Neises
    Number Sense: Decimals How Do Stockholders Use Math? Decimals: Rounding We “round” numbers when we only need a reasonable approximation, or to keep numbers significant. If 3 people split a pizza, each person gets: 0.333333333333. . . . of the pizza. tenths hundredths thousandths trillionths billionths When do we stop? millionths Decimals: Rounding We can round t wo different ways: 1) To a specific place value, or 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 6 up to 7? stays 6? 1) Find the

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    Number Sense: Decimals

    How Do Stockholders Use Math?

    Decimals: Rounding
    We round numbers when we only need a reasonable approximation, or to keep numbers significant. If 3 people split a pizza, each person gets: 0.333333333333. . . . of the pizza. tenths hundredths thousandths trillionths billionths When do we stop? millionths

    Decimals: Rounding
    We can round t wo different ways: 1) To a specific place value, or 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 6 up to 7? stays 6? 1) Find the place value. 4625.91738 62 2) Look at the number 4600.00000 to the right. 4600 3) If it is a 5-9, round up. If it is a 0-4, round down. To the nearest 100 4) Everything after turns to 0. 5) Get rid of zeroes at the end.

    Decimals: Rounding
    We can round t wo different ways: 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 1) To find the place value, count from the left (zeroes 2 up to 3? stays 2? on the left dont count) 2) Look at the number 4625.91738 25 to the right. 4630.00000 4630 3) If it is a 5-9, round up. If it is a 0-4, round down. To 3 sig. fig.? 4) Everything after turns to 0. 5) Get rid of zeroes at the end.

    Decimals: Rounding
    We can round t wo different ways: 2) To a certain number of significant figures. 1) To find the place value, count from the left (zeroes 4 up to 5? stays 4? on the left dont count) 2) Look at the number 0.00000471 47 to the right. 0.00000500 0.000005 3) If it is a 5-9, round up. If it is a 0-4, round down. To 1 sig. fig.? 4) Everything after turns to 0. 5) Get rid of zeroes at the end.

    Decimals: Addition & Subtraction


    When adding and subtracting decimals you must always line up the decimals!
    13.7 + 0.78 4.9 13.7 0 Add a zero if nee ded . + 0.78 1414 8 .
    Decimals lined up. And they will be in the answer too!

    - 2.62

    Decimals: Addition & Subtraction


    When adding and subtracting decimals you must always line up the decimals!
    13.7 + 0.78 4.9 4.9 2.62 2 .2 8
    8 10

    Add a zero if nee ded .

    - 2.62

    Decimals lined up.

    And they will be in the answer too!

    Negative Numbers
    Negative numbers do not actually mean less than zero, in the way that we think about counting. You cant have less than zero pizzas or cookies! Instead, they are like an opposite to positives. Where do we measure height from? sea level - 105 m - 390 m + 420 m opposite directions! one is positive, the other is negative

    Negative Numbers
    Or what about kicking a ball?

    +3m

    Negative Numbers
    Or what about kicking a ball a little harder?

    +4m

    Negative Numbers
    Or what about kicking a ball too hard?

    -4m

    Adding Negative Numbers


    To add, we must first decide what combination of numbers we have.
    2nd number 1st number positive negative positive negative

    +/+ -/+

    +/-/-

    Adding Negative Numbers


    Depending on the combination we will do slightly different things to reach the answer.
    2nd number 1st number positive negative positive
    add the numbers, keep the positive sign (+) find the difference, keep the sign of the larger value

    negative
    find the difference, keep the sign of the larger value add the numbers, keep the negative sign (-)

    Subtracting Negative Numbers


    Remember, negative numbers are. . .

    OPPOSITES!
    We can use this to our advantage Whats the opposite, of the opposite?

    THE SAME!

    Subtracting Negative Numbers


    Change the operation, AND change the sign!

    OPPOSITES!
    - (-4) +(+4)
    Whats the opposite, of the opposite?

    THE SAME!

    Add a positive

    +
    -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

    -30 -25 -20

    Negatives make it opposite!


    Add a negative Add a positive

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    +
    20 25 30

    -15

    -10

    -5

    10

    15

    Subtract a positive

    +
    -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

    -30 -25

    Negatives make it opposite!


    Subtract a positive Subtract a negative

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    +
    20 25 30

    -20

    -15

    -10

    -5

    10

    15

    Change the operation, AND change the sign!

    - (-4) - (6) + (-3) + (5)


    Whats the opposite, of the opposite?

    Now use +(+4) the addition + (-6) rules!

    - (+3) - (-5)

    THE SAME!

    When multiplying decimals, we do not need to line up the decimals like addition and subtraction. Ignore the decimals at first, and multiply the numbers only.

    Decimals: Multiplication
    x
    42.2 12

    13.7 0.78

    320 $28.45

    After you have multiplied, count the number of decimals in the original numbers. The amount of decimals before and after multiplication must be the same!

    Decimals: Division
    Just like with fractions, it is not possible to divide by a decimal, so we must convert it first.

    82=4 x10 80 20 = 4 x100 800 200 = 4 x1000 8000 2000 = 4

    Decimals: Division
    To divide by a decimal, we need to multiply by a factor of 10 in order to remove the decimal. We must also multiply the number being divided by the same amount.

    0 .25
    x100

    804. 50
    x100

    Multiplying and Dividing Negative Numbers


    When multiplying and dividing negative numbers, first remember that multiplication is repeated addition! +(+2) + (+2) + (+2) + (+2) = +8 (+4) x (+2) = +8

    -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

    +8
    Add a positive

    +
    20 25 30

    10

    15

    Multiplying and Dividing Negative Numbers


    When multiplying and dividing negative numbers, first remember that multiplication is repeated addition! +(-2) + (-2) + (-2) + (-2) = -8 (+4) x (-2) = -8

    Add a negative

    -8
    -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

    Opposite
    Add a positive

    +
    20 25 30

    10

    15

    Multiplying and Dividing Negative Numbers


    When multiplying and dividing negative numbers, first remember that multiplication is repeated addition! -(+2) - (+2) - (+2) - (+2) = -8 (-4) x (+2) = -8

    Subtract a positive

    -8
    -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5

    +
    0
    5 10 15 20 25 30

    Multiplying and Dividing Negative Numbers


    When multiplying and dividing negative numbers, first remember that multiplication is repeated addition! -(-2) - (-2) - (-2) - (-2) = +8 (-4) x (-2) = +8 Opposite +8

    Subtract a positive

    Subtract a negative

    -30 -25

    -20

    -15

    -10

    -5

    10

    15

    20

    25

    30

    Multiplying and Dividing Negative


    To multiply or divide with negative numbers, multiply or divide like normal, your sign will be based on the amount of negatives.

    x + -

    + -

    Decimals: Converting
    Converting from a decimal to a fraction is easy. . . IF, you know your place values!

    0.6 0.24

    six tenths
    t wenty hundredths four

    6 = = 10 24 = = 100

    3 5 6 25

    Decimals: Converting
    Converting from a fraction to a decimal is easy. . . IF, you remember fractions are division problems!

    6 25

    0.24 .00 - 50 100 - 100 0

    Decimals: Converting
    Occasionally we can use the reverse of our decimal to fraction method, but only if we can make the denominator a factor of 10.

    0.24

    24 6 = = hundredths 100 25

    t wenty four

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