DANH SÁCH THÀNH VIÊN NHÓM

STT MSSV HỌ VÀ TÊN

1 21123411 Lâm Thị Kim Cương

2 21013411 Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Yến

3 21067551 Nguyễn Thị Thanh Thúy

4 20104231 Nguyễn Thị Hoài Thanh

5 21104331 Nguyễn Thị Kim Chi

6 21005581 Nguyễn Thị Lý

7 21124791 Lê Thị Hồ My

8 21124341 Phạm Lê Thủy Phương

9 21106711 Lê Thị Kim Tuyến

 TEST 1
Question 1
1. Prepare the company’s direct labor budget for the upcoming fiscal year, assuming that the
direct labor workforce is adjusted each quarter to match the number of hours required to
produce the forecasted number of units produced.

2nd 3rd 4th

1st Quarter Year
Quarter Quarter Quarter

Required production in
units 16,000 15,000 14,000 15,000 60,000

Direct labor - hours per

unit 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80

Total direct labor-hours

needed 12,800 12,000 11,200 12,000 48,000

Direct labor cost per hour

$11.50 $11.50 $11.50 $11.50 $11.50

Total direct labor cost $147,200 $138,000 $128,800 $138,000 $552,000

2. Prepare the company’s manufacturing overhead budget.

Manufacturing Overhead Budge

3rd 4th
1st 2nd
Quarter Quarter
Quarter Quarter Year

Budget direct labor-hours (Schedule

12,800 12,000 11,200 12,000 48,000
4)

Variable manufacturing overhead $ 2.50 $ 2.50 $ 2.50 $ 2.50 $ 2.50

Variable manufacturing overhead $ 32,000 $ 30,000 $ 28,000 $ 30,000 $ 120,000

Fixed manufacturing overhead 90,000 90,000 90,000 90,000 360,000

Total manufacturing overhead 122,000 120,000 118,000 120,000 480,000

Less depreciation 34,000 34,000 34,000 34,000 136,000

Cash disbursements for manufacturing

$ 88,000 $ 86,000 $ 84,000 $ 86,000 $ 344,000
overhead

Total manufacturing overhead (a) $ 480,000

Budgeted direct labor-hours (b) 48,000

Predetermined overhead rate for the

$ 10,00
year (a)÷(b)

Question 2
1. Prepare a schedule of expected cash collections for April, May, and June and for the three
months in total.
Schedule of Expected Cash Collections (Amount in $)
April May June Quarter
Accounts receivable, beginning balance 141,000 7,200 - 148,200
April sales 40,000 150,000 8,000 198,000
May sales - 60,000 225,000 285,000
June sales - - 50,000 50,000
Total cash collection 181,000 217,200 283,000 681,200

2. Prepare a cash budget, by month and in total, for the three-month period.
Cash Budget (Amount in $)
April May June Quarter
Cash balance, beginning 26,000 27,000 20,200 73,200
Add receipts:
Collections from customers 181,000 217,200 283,000 681,200
Total Cash available 207,000 244,200 303,200 754,400
Less disbursements:
Merchandise purchases 108,000 120,000 180,000 408,000
Payroll 9,000 9,000 8,000 26,000
Lease payments 15,000 15,000 15,000 45,000
 Advertising 70,000 80,000 60,000 210,000
Equipment purchases 8,000 - - 8,000
Total disbursements 210,000 224,000 263,000 697,000
Excess(deficiency) off cash available
(3,000) 20,200 40,200 57,400
over disbursements
Financing:
Borrowings 30,000 - - 30,000
Repayments - - (30,000) (30,000)
Interest - - (1,200) (1,200)
Total financing 30,000 - (31,200) (1,200)
Cash balance, ending 27,000 20,200 9,000 56,200

3. If the company needs a minimum cash balance of $20,000 to start each month, can the loan
be repaid as planned? Explain.
In the cash budget from the previous phase, the minimum cash balance is maintained. In some
cases, exceeded throughout the budget periods. Despite the June payment, the company
continued to grow in a positive cash position. If the company allows it, the loan can be repaid
according to the initial schedule.
 TEST 2
Question 1
A company make a single product and incur fixed costs of $50,000 per month. Variable cost
per unit is $20 and each unit sells for $30. Monthly sales demand is 8,000 units.
Required: a. Calculate the breakeven point in units?
b. Calculate the breakeven point in sales?
Answer:
a) Breakeven point in units = Fixed Costs / (Selling price per Unit – Variable Cost per
Unit)
= $50,000 / ($30 – $20) = 5000 units
b) Breakeven point in sales = Fixed cost / CM ratio
= Fixed cost / (CM per Unit / Selling price per Unit)
= $50,000 / ($10 / $30) = $150,000

Question 2
A company manufactures a single product for which cost and selling price data are as follows:
Selling price per unit $30
Variable cost per unit $24
Fixed costs per monthly $96,000
Budgeted monthly sales (units) 20,000

Required: What is the margin of safety, expensed as a percentage of budgeted monthly

sales?
Answer:
To compute the margin of safety, we must first compute the beak-even unit sales
Profit = unit CM x Q -Fixed expenses
$0 = ($30 - $24) x Q - $96,000
$0 = ($6) x Q - $96,000
$6Q = $96,000
Q= 16,000 units
Sales (at the budgeted volume of $20,000 units)..........$600,000
Break – even sale (at 16,000 units)...............................$480,000
Margin of safety (in dollars).........................................$120,000
The margin of safety as a percentage of sales is as follows
 Margin of safety ( in dollars) ...............................$120,000
÷ Sales .................................................................$600,000
Margin of safety percentage..................................20%
Question 3
Doer Ltd makes a single product, the Whizzo. This product sells for $40, and variable cost per
unit $25. Total fixed costs per annum are $18,450.

Required: If Doer Ltd wishes to make a annual profit $11,550 how many Whizzos do they
need to sell?

Answer:

Unit CM= Selling price per unit – Variable expenses per unit

= $40 -$25

= $15

Profit= Unit CM*Q – Fixed expenses

$11,550 = $15*Q - $18,450

 Q= 2,000 whizzos

Question 4
Bandido Ltd manufactures and sells a single product, with the following estimated costs for
next year.
Unit cost
100,00 units of output 150,000 units of output
Variable materials 20.00 20.00
Variable labour 5.00 5.00
Production overhead 10.00 7.50
Marketing costs 7.50 5.00
Administration costs 5.00 4.00
47.50 41.500
Fixed cost unaffected by volume of output.
Bandido Ltd's management think they can sell 150,000 units per annum if the sales price is
$59.50.
Required: What is the breakeven point in units?
Answer:
To calculate the breakeven point in units, we need to determine how many units the company
needs to sell to cover its total costs (fixed and variable).
Total variable cost per unit = Variable materials + Variable labour + Production overhead +
Marketing costs + Administration costs

When production is at 100,000 units:

Total variable cost per unit = 20+5 + 10+7.50 + 5=47.50

When production is at 150,000 units:

Total variable cost per unit = 20+5 + 7.50+5 + 4=41.50

To determine the total fixed cost, we need to subtract the total variable cost per unit from the
sales price per unit:

When production is at 100,000 units:

Sales price per unit - Total variable cost per unit = 59.50−47.50 = $12.00

When production is at 150,000 units:

Sales price per unit - Total variable cost per unit = 59.50−41.50 = $18.00

To find the breakeven point in units, we can use the following formula:

Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs ÷ (Sales price per unit - Total variable cost per unit)

When production is at 100,000 units:

Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs ÷ ($12.00)

Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs ÷ 12

When production is at 150,000 units:

Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs ÷ ($18.00)

Breakeven point in units = Fixed costs ÷ 18

Since the fixed cost is unaffected by the volume of output, we can assume a constant value for
it in both formulas. We can set them equal to each other and solve for the breakeven point:

Fixed costs ÷ 12 = Fixed costs ÷ 18

18 Fixed costs = 12 Fixed costs
6 Fixed costs = 0
Fixed costs = 0

Therefore, the breakeven point in units is 0. It means that Bandido Ltd needs to sell at least
100,000 units to cover its total costs. If they can sell 150,000 units at a price of $59.50 per
unit, they can make a profit since the sales price per unit exceeds the variable and fixed costs
per unit.