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    Tentamen Globalization

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    Bram Krijger
    This document contains responses to 5 questions. For question 1, the response argues that globalization is not causing the death of the nation-state because people will vote for more nationalistic governments if global rules threaten domestic interests. For question 2, the response agrees with Rutger Bregman's proposal for a universal basic income to alleviate poverty's negative effects on mental capacity. For question 3, the response evaluates proposals in the Human Development Report for combining taxes, services, wages, education and childcare to reduce inequality through an integrated policy approach.

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    Tentamen Globalization

    Uploaded by

    Bram Krijger
    7 views2 pages
    This document contains responses to 5 questions. For question 1, the response argues that globalization is not causing the death of the nation-state because people will vote for more nationalistic governments if global rules threaten domestic interests. For question 2, the response agrees with Rutger Bregman's proposal for a universal basic income to alleviate poverty's negative effects on mental capacity. For question 3, the response evaluates proposals in the Human Development Report for combining taxes, services, wages, education and childcare to reduce inequality through an integrated policy approach.

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    This document contains responses to 5 questions. For question 1, the response argues that globalization is not causing the death of the nation-state because people will vote for more nationalistic governments if global rules threaten domestic interests. For question 2, the response agrees with Rutger Bregman's proposal for a universal basic income to alleviate poverty's negative effects on mental capacity. For question 3, the response evaluates proposals in the Human Development Report for combining taxes, services, wages, education and childcare to reduce inequality through an integrated policy approach.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    7 views2 pages

    Tentamen Globalization

    Uploaded by

    Bram Krijger
    This document contains responses to 5 questions. For question 1, the response argues that globalization is not causing the death of the nation-state because people will vote for more nationalistic governments if global rules threaten domestic interests. For question 2, the response agrees with Rutger Bregman's proposal for a universal basic income to alleviate poverty's negative effects on mental capacity. For question 3, the response evaluates proposals in the Human Development Report for combining taxes, services, wages, education and childcare to reduce inequality through an integrated policy approach.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Naam: Bram Krijger

    Studentnummer: 6933653
    Werkgroep: 4 – Ton van Rietbergen

    1. Globalization is not causing ‘the death of the nation-state’, according to Rodrik.  What
    arguments can you mention to support his view? Do you have counter-arguments? (max. 250
    words)

    Bobby Shanahan states in “Do Trump, Brexit, and Germany Signal the End of Globalization?” that the
    task of the government of the nation-state is to look after the interest of the country’s inhabitants. If
    a government fails to look after those interests by preferring global rules and preferring the interest
    of people on the other side of the world, nationalistic parties will stand up and take the lead in the
    countries. This thing happens in the USA and the UK. So if globalization threatens the nation-state,
    the people will bounce back and vote for a more nationalistic government.

    However, rules that can be used for the economic market must be global rules and not national rules.
    The use of international rules would stimulate globalization but would be the end of the nation-state.
    To stimulate the world economy, countries try to implement transnational rules to smoothen global
    trade and reduce constrains. This should lead to a more stable world economy and world trade. The
    ideology of a stable world economy leads countries to make policy beyond their own borders. These
    global rules would sideline domestic politics. The more global rules are emerging from te desire to
    stabilize world trade en world economy, the more the nation-state will fall. Eventually domestic
    decision making would not be necessary anymore and this would lead to the end of the nation state.

     2. Rutger Bregman presents in his Ted Talks some interesting ideas. Among other things, he
    mentions ‘The psychology of the poverty’? What is this and how does he want to solve this? Do
    you agree? 

    When people live in poverty, their IQ drops. This is because the scarcity of something because is
    narrows your focus to the lacking thing, so the long-term perspective is less important. That way
    poor people make ‘dumb’ decisions because they are in a place where everybody makes dumb
    choices. The best solution is to have a basic income guarantee for everyone. It must be unconditional
    for all people how live below poverty standards. This basic income guarantee is enough to buy
    education, food and shelter. I do agree with this solution, because the experiment of the Canadian
    town was a great success with increased school performances and decreased domestic violence and
    people who stayed in school longer. On the other hand, it must be said that for me, handing people
    money unconditionally leads to laziness among society and therefor lower productivity. But despite
    that it is a good solution to decrease the amount of people who live in poverty and by that increasing
    mental health and social stability.

     3. In the Human Development Report 2019 they come with ‘An integrated battery of policies
    beyond any single silver bullet’. Explain what they mean with this expression and give a short
    description of the battery and how convincing their approaches are? (max. 200 words)

    Inequality cannot be solved by one single policy but with a combination of different policies that are
    combined. By raising taxes for higher incomes, the richer people are handing in more money to the
    government, which decreases inequality. But the incomes the government gets from these taxes
    they can provide public services to increase for example the level of education for poor people. But
    what must be kept in mind is the fact that this policy only is a post-market policy. Pre-market policies
    and in-market policies also need to be integrated in the policy to reduce inequality. The best example
    for in-market interventions I s raising the minimum wage so poor people earn more money. The best
    examples for pre-market interventions are better childcare and better education for people from
    poor families to equal changes in society for poor people and rich people. I think that if this policy
    can be executed it might be very successful and convincing. The problem with combining all three
    policies is that it might have a lot of resistance from right-wing politicians and citizens.

     4. ‘Freedom is a nice horse to ride on’. Explain what Harvey means with this remark, referring to
    the invasion of Iraq, and what the response of Klaas Dijkhof and Richard Wilkinson (lecture 3)
    would be on this remark. (max. 200 words)

    Freedom is a nice horse to ride on means that it is easy to do things ‘in the name of freedom’. So for
    example after 9/11, the U.S.A. invaded Iraq, but they said they did it because they wanted to bring
    freedom to the people of Iraq. But what actually happened was that public enterprises got fully
    privatized, that foreign companies got the full ownership rights of Iraqi U.S. and that the amount of
    repatriation raised very high. Even the Iraqi banks got partially controlled by America. All of this was
    supported by US citizens and the rest of the world because it was ‘in the name of freedom’. Dijkhof
    responded by saying that it would lead to more equality in Iraq by combining their culture with the
    American one. But it has a negative impact on the freedom of Iraq. Which is controversial to the
    statement America made. Wilkinson said in his TedTalk that inequality influences a society negatively
    in every way. So for him, he would probably argue that every option to reduce inequality must be
    taken with both hands.

     5. Leo van Grunsven introduces in his lecture about China several terms to describe the economic
    system. Which of the terms would you prefer and why does XI Jinping use the term ‘common
    prosperity’ so often? (max. 200 words)

    The term I would prefer to indicate China’s economic system is red capitalism. Red capitalism is a
    socialist/communistic economic system with capitalistic influences. The colour red refers to the
    communistic/socialistic nature of the Chinese economy. From 1978, the economic structure changed
    a little by opening up the economy and letting capitalistic influences into the economic structure. It
    can be seen as a bird who can fly freely but in a cage which restricts its room to move. The capitalistic
    influences enlarged the cage but there are still a lot of restrictions. The government still has a lot of
    control of companies and many companies are still in hands of the government. The opening of the
    economy let to the fact that the rich got even richer. Xi Jinping tries to counter this by using the term
    “common prosperity” which means that wealth, capital and income must be split more equally over
    all inhabitants. He wants to do this because he is the leader of the CCP and he wants to go back to a
    more socialist economic structure.

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