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    Engineering Management Handout

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    Ann Navarro
    Planning involves anticipating future trends and determining strategies to achieve organizational goals. It occurs at three levels: strategic planning sets long-term goals 1-10 years out; intermediate planning supports strategic goals over 6 months to 2 years; operational planning focuses on tasks over weeks to a year. The planning process involves setting goals, developing tactics, determining resources, and setting standards to monitor performance. Plans are classified by functional area, time horizon, and frequency of use. For planning to be effective, barriers like inability to plan, improper processes, lack of commitment, and poor information must be recognized and addressed.

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    Engineering Management Handout

    Uploaded by

    Ann Navarro
    5 views2 pages
    Planning involves anticipating future trends and determining strategies to achieve organizational goals. It occurs at three levels: strategic planning sets long-term goals 1-10 years out; intermediate planning supports strategic goals over 6 months to 2 years; operational planning focuses on tasks over weeks to a year. The planning process involves setting goals, developing tactics, determining resources, and setting standards to monitor performance. Plans are classified by functional area, time horizon, and frequency of use. For planning to be effective, barriers like inability to plan, improper processes, lack of commitment, and poor information must be recognized and addressed.

    Original Description:

    Notes about planning technical activities.

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    Planning involves anticipating future trends and determining strategies to achieve organizational goals. It occurs at three levels: strategic planning sets long-term goals 1-10 years out; intermediate planning supports strategic goals over 6 months to 2 years; operational planning focuses on tasks over weeks to a year. The planning process involves setting goals, developing tactics, determining resources, and setting standards to monitor performance. Plans are classified by functional area, time horizon, and frequency of use. For planning to be effective, barriers like inability to plan, improper processes, lack of commitment, and poor information must be recognized and addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views2 pages

    Engineering Management Handout

    Uploaded by

    Ann Navarro
    Planning involves anticipating future trends and determining strategies to achieve organizational goals. It occurs at three levels: strategic planning sets long-term goals 1-10 years out; intermediate planning supports strategic goals over 6 months to 2 years; operational planning focuses on tasks over weeks to a year. The planning process involves setting goals, developing tactics, determining resources, and setting standards to monitor performance. Plans are classified by functional area, time horizon, and frequency of use. For planning to be effective, barriers like inability to plan, improper processes, lack of commitment, and poor information must be recognized and addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    PLANNING TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES

    “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” – Antoine de Saint-Exupery


    1. The Nature of Planning
    • Planning
    - Minimize mistakes in decision-making.
    • Plan
    - Output of planning
    - Provides a methodical way of achieving desired results
    - Useful guide to implement activities
    2. Planning Defined
    ➢ “The management function that involves anticipating future trends and determining the best
    strategies and tactics to achieve organizational objectives.”
    ➢ “The selection and sequential ordering of tasks required to achieve an organization goal.”
    ➢ “Deciding what will be done, who will do it, where, when, and how it will be done, and the standards
    to which it will be done.”
    3. Planning at Various Management Levels
    • Top Level Management: Strategic Planning
    • Middle Management Level: Intermediate Planning
    • Lower Management Level: Operational Planning
    Strategic Planning
    - Process of determining the major goals of the organization and the policies and
    strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals.
    - Output: Strategic plan
    - decision about long-range goals and the course of action to achieve these goals.
    - One to 10 years
    Intermediate Planning
    - Process of determining the contributions that sub-unit can make with allocated
    resources.
    - Designed to support the strategic plan.
    - Six months to 2 years
    Operational Planning
    1. Process of determining how specific tasks can best be accomplished on time with
    available resources.
    2. One week to 1 year.
    4. The Planning Process
    • Steps in Planning Process
    ➢ Setting organizational, divisional, or unit goals.
    ➢ Developing strategies of tactics to reach those goals.
    ➢ Determining resources needed.
    ➢ Setting standards.
    Setting Organizational, Divisional, or Unit Goals
    - Provide sense of direction
    - Goals maybe defined as the precise statements of results sought, quantified in time
    and magnitude, where possible.

    Developing Strategies or Tactics to Reach Goals


    - Strategy is a course of action aimed at ensuring that the organization will achieve its
    objectives.
    - Tactic is a short-term action taken by management to adjust to negative internal or
    external influences.
    Determining Sources Needed
    - Human and Non-human resources.
    - Quality and quantity must be determined.
    Setting Standards
    - Quantitative od qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the
    performances of people, capital goods, or processes.
    5. Types of Plans
    • Classifications of Plans
    ➢ Functional Area Plans
    ➢ Plans with Time Horizon
    ➢ Plans According to Frequency of Use
    Functional Area Plans
    - Prepared according to the needs of functional areas
    - Examples are; Marketing plan, production plan, financial plan, human resource
    management plan.
    Plans with Time Horizon
    - Short-range plans
    - intended to cover period of less than a year.
    - for first-line supervisor.
    - Long-range plans
    - covering time span of more than a year.
    - for middle and top management.
    Plans According to Frequency Use
    - Standing plans: Policies, Procedures, and Rules.
    - Single-use plans: Budgets, Programs, and Projects.
    6. Making Planning Effective
    • Recognize Planning Barriers
    ➢ Manager’s inability to plan.
    ➢ Improper planning process.
    ➢ Lack of commitment to the planning process.
    ➢ Improper information.
    ➢ Focusing on the present at the expense of the future.
    ➢ Too much reliance on the planning department
    ➢ Concentrating only on the controllable variables.

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