REVIEWER FOR RIZAL

NAME
DATE
KEY WORDS

Rizal Law: Rep Act. 1425, AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL,
PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO, AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING
AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

 Goal of the law: to rekindle patriotism (mapanatiling buhay sa bawat Pilipino ang damdaming
makabayan)
 authored by Claro M. Recto And sponsored the bill in the senate by Jose P. Laurel.
 The law took effect/approved on June 12, 1956 by the signature of former pres. Ramon Magsaysay.

The 3 Important Provisions:

 All school public and private are mandatorily including to its curricula the teaching of life and works
of Jose Rizal, based on the unexpurgated (complete or original) version of Noli and El Fili
 Libraries are obliging to maintain an adequate or enough number of copies of Noli and El Fili.
 directs the Board of National Education to take charge of the translation, reproduction and
distribution of printed copies of Rizal’s novels to interested parties through purok organizations and
barangay councils, free of charge

Life of Jose Rizal:

Early

 Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso was the parents of Jose Rizal. They’re leaseholders of a
hacienda and rice farm by Dominicans
 Rizal was born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna Philippines and died Dec 30, 1896
 Jose Rizal has 9 sisters and 1 brother. They’re are: Saturina, Paciano, Narcisa, Olympia, Lucia, Maria,
Concepcion, Josefa, Trinidad and Soledad.
 Rizal learned to read letters at the age of 3, he also tries to spell some words from his sister’s story
book
 Rizal was a Chinese ancestry
 Rizal’s family belongs to a principalia, a rich family. Rizal’s family was rich and were amongst the first
people who built a house of stone and hardwood in Calamba. The house is located along Mercado
Street and Rizal Street in Calamba’s Poblacion 5.
 At the age of 5, Rizal revealed his talents in sketching and sculpturing
 At the age of 5, he wrote a poem “Sa aking mga kabata”
Education

1872, Dr. Jose Rizal enrolled at Ateneo Municipal de Manila by his father. Although at first, the registrar
refused to accept his enrollment, Manuel Xerez Burgos help him be admitted. As a transferee that time,
Jose Rizal experienced discrimination and has been put among the lower class. However, Jose proves
himself and has been repeatedly promoted which makes him to the rank of Emperor, the best student
within a one month. Later on, of continuous study in Ateneo, He obtained excellent grades and medal
during his 2nd year. At his 3rd year, he attains gold medal in Latin. And 4th year, he received 5 medals.
At last year, he was the top and highest grades in all subject which makes him graduate with highest
honor. During his study in Ateneo, Rizal has joined to multiple activities regarding literature and
sculpting. 1877, As he planned to enroll in UST, her mother tries to opposed his decision because her
mother thought that if Jose became more well-read, the Spaniards might want to kill him. However, Jose
pursued with the aim to study philosophy in UST but on 1878, Jose Shifted to medical course after
knowing that her mother would possibly be blind in the near future. Jose study at UST from 1879 to
1882. During that long time span, Jose Rizal has been a leader in activism of his fellow student against
the Racial animosity of Spaniard and UST, unfair criteria for academic because UST humiliate brown
skinned colored as they’re Indio. With regards to that unfair treatment, Jose Rizal has been unsatisfied
and not able to complete the course as he became politically isolated believing that he assimilates to the
system of UST. To complete his medical course, 1882, Jose Rizal decided to study in Madrid in a hiding
without the consent of his parents. In Universidad Central de Madrid, Jose Rizal obtained his licensed
philosophy. 1884, he conferred the degree of licentiate in medicine and passed all his subjects.
However, he was not awarded with doctor’s diploma since he failed to comply some important
requirements. So, he went to Paris in order to complete the specialization in ophthalmology to cure his
mother’s eyes. During his stay in Madrid, Rizal wrote 50% of his novel “Noli me tangere”. In Spain, He
was a leader of reform movement of Filipino students, wherefore he wrote essays to La Solidaridad
about the ideal of making the country a province of Spain or assimilation so that the Filipino will have
the same rights as the Spaniards and Filipino priest instead of Spanish friars.

Return in the Philippines: (1892-1896)

 1892, Rizal returned to manila and formed a civic movement called La Liga Filipina
 When he returned, He was considered as Enemy by the Spanish colony because of his writings Noli
that’s why he has been exiled to Dapitan, Mindanao
 During his stay in Dapitan:
– July of 1892, Rizal has been exiled in Dapitan as a prisoner from 1892 to 1896 , because
Spaniards found his written works containing the abusive treatment of Spaniards in the country. During
his 4 years stay in Dapitan, He established a school that doesn’t require student to pay tuition. Jose Rizal
teaching includes arithmetic, geometry, Spanish, English, French, and other languages as well as
wrestling and boxing. Jose Rizal also established a clinic providing herbal medicines for the poor
patients, since they could not afford imported medicines. During his stay in Dapitan, his mother
Teodora, visited Jose to get the final treatment to recover her eyesight. Rizal also meet a blind American
engineer named Taufer in Dapitan on 1895 that has an adopted daughter named Josephine Leopoldine
Bracken who later on became his wife. Furthermore, during his stay, Rizal also gathered specimens of
animal where he also discovered 2 species that later on named next to him. He imports those animal
specimens to other country in exchange of books. While he was staying in Dapitan, Rizal was advised to
go in Cuba to serve medicine. At first, he did not want to, but later on He wrote a letter asking for
permission to go Cuba and has been accepted. Aside from that, during his stay in Dapitan, a member of
Katipunan lead by Andres, visited Rizal and tell him about the planned armed revolution. However, Rizal
disagree and says it is immature.

Arrest:
 Rizal had earlier volunteered his services as a doctor in Cuba and was given leave by Governor-
General Ramón Blanco to serve in Cuba to minister to victims of yellow fever. Rizal and Josephine
left Dapitan on August 1, 1896, with letter of recommendation from Blanco. Rizal was arrested on
route to Cuba via Spain and was imprisoned in Barcelona on October 6, 1896. He was sent back the
same day to Manila to stand trial as he was implicated in the revolution through his association with
members of the Katipunan. During the entire passage, he was unchained, no Spaniard laid a hand on
him, and had many opportunities to escape but refused to do so.

Execution:

 Moments before his execution on December 30, 1896. 7:00 AM, Eight native soldiers composed the
firing squad. Behind them were eight Spanish soldiers with Mauser rifles, ready to shoot the native
soldiers if they refused to shoot Rizal.
 December 30, 1896 – Rizal was dressed in black and his arms were loosely bound, elbow to elbow
flanked by Luis Taviel de Andrade, Fr. Villaclara, Fr.Estanilao Marc
 Rizal requested two things: facing the firing squad (it was not granted) and sparing his head from the
bullets
 After the signal of the captain, 3 bullets simultaneously pierced his body. At exactly 7:03 a.m. he
died.
 In the background could be heard the shouts “Viva Espana” means “Death to traitor”
- After the death of Jose Rizal, the Katipunan lead by Andres Bonifacio, accompanied by his
brother Paciano Mercado, intensified the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Colony.
Although the revolution does not completely vanish the Spanish, they’re able to establish their
own association and boldly protect it.

REPUBLIC ACT:
 Rep Act no. 137: on June 11, 1901, the province of Rizal was officially and legally created by
virtue of an Act no. 137 by the first Philippine Commission which during the time was acting as
the unicameral legislative body in the island of Luzon.
 Act no. 243: United States Philippine Commission Act No. 243, dated September 28, 1901. It was
approved by no less than United States President Theodore Roosevelt. The act granted the
allocation of land in Luneta to erect a monument commemorating the memory of Jose Rizal
near the where he was executed by the Spaniards.
 Rep Act no. 229: on June 9 1948, President Elpidio Quirino signed the law. To ensure the
solemnity of Rizal Day, prohibiting cockfighting, horse racing, and jai-alai every December 30.
Notes:
 His books were thought to contribute to the Philippine Revolution of 1896, but other forces had
also been building for it.
 As leader of the reform movement of Filipino students in Spain, Rizal contributed essays,
allegories, poems, and editorials to the Spanish newspaper La Solidaridad in Barcelona (in this
case Rizal used pen names, "Dimasalang", "Laong Laan" and "May Pagasa").
 The content of Rizal's writings changed considerably in his two most famous novels, Noli Me
Tángere, published in Berlin in 1887, and El Filibusterismo, published in Ghent in 1891.

Rizal Opposition on Revolution:

- According in the manifesto of December 15, 1896, Rizal stated that from the very beginning
when he first learned about the revolution that was being planned, he opposed it pertaining to
its absolute impossibility. Moreover, he said that he is most willing to offer anything that could
suppress it. Another proof of Rizal’s contradiction is when Dr. Pio Valenzuela, on Bonifacio’s
order, visited Rizal during his exile in Dapitan on June 21, 1896. Dr. Pio informed him of the plan
of the Katipunan to launch a revolution. Rizal stated that this was a suicidal plan.
- Jose Rizal Believes that Education is the way to right revolution. Because the true sense of
fighting or vanishing the Spaniards was not just about vanishing their population in the country.
But vanishing as well their impact and influence to us, Filipino which we believe to be negative.
This includes: gambling, cock fighting, drunkenness. In other words, if we fight physically with
heavy weapons, we only vanished their population not their impact. Because if we did not
vanish their impact, their presence must not be here, but their control to our Nationalism was
still in control, but this time, it is “within us, inside us”. In other words, we still live in their
influence
- Rizal Believes that the real anti-dote to win against the Spaniards is what Jesus called “truth” or
what Rizal called “education”.

Rizal’s Birth date:

 Teodora Alonso Mercado (1827-1911)

 Francisco Rizal (1818-1898)
 Saturnina Rizal Hidalgo (1850-1913)
 Paciano Mercado Rizal (1851-1930)
 Narcisa Mercado Rizal (1852-1939)
 Olympia Mercado (1855-1887)
 Lucia Mercado Rizal (1857-1919)
 Maria Mercado (1859-1945)
 Jose Rizal (1861-1896)
 Concepcion Mercado (1862-1865)
 Josefa Mercado (1865-1945)
 Trinidad Mercado (1868-1951)
 Soledad Mercado (1870-1929)