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    Clinical Mech Vent2 - MR Abdulsalam Alzahrani

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    Shuaa Alabdulsalam
    Mechanical ventilation is used to treat respiratory failure caused by defects in the respiratory muscles or neural system, or lung diseases that affect airway resistance or compliance. When setting up mechanical ventilation, parameters such as FiO2, tidal volume, respiratory rate, inspiratory time, and PEEP must be configured. The main modes of ventilation are volume control, pressure control, and SIMV. The goals of mechanical ventilation are to improve oxygenation through parameters like FiO2 and PEEP and remove CO2 by controlling minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate. Low tidal volume protocols for COVID-19 patients aim for tidal volumes of 4-6 mL/kg and PEEP of at least 5 cm H20

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    Clinical Mech Vent2 - MR Abdulsalam Alzahrani

    Uploaded by

    Shuaa Alabdulsalam
    19 views15 pages
    Mechanical ventilation is used to treat respiratory failure caused by defects in the respiratory muscles or neural system, or lung diseases that affect airway resistance or compliance. When setting up mechanical ventilation, parameters such as FiO2, tidal volume, respiratory rate, inspiratory time, and PEEP must be configured. The main modes of ventilation are volume control, pressure control, and SIMV. The goals of mechanical ventilation are to improve oxygenation through parameters like FiO2 and PEEP and remove CO2 by controlling minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate. Low tidal volume protocols for COVID-19 patients aim for tidal volumes of 4-6 mL/kg and PEEP of at least 5 cm H20

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    Clinical mech vent2 -Mr Abdulsalam Alzahrani

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    Mechanical ventilation is used to treat respiratory failure caused by defects in the respiratory muscles or neural system, or lung diseases that affect airway resistance or compliance. When setting up mechanical ventilation, parameters such as FiO2, tidal volume, respiratory rate, inspiratory time, and PEEP must be configured. The main modes of ventilation are volume control, pressure control, and SIMV. The goals of mechanical ventilation are to improve oxygenation through parameters like FiO2 and PEEP and remove CO2 by controlling minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate. Low tidal volume protocols for COVID-19 patients aim for tidal volumes of 4-6 mL/kg and PEEP of at least 5 cm H20

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views15 pages

    Clinical Mech Vent2 - MR Abdulsalam Alzahrani

    Uploaded by

    Shuaa Alabdulsalam
    Mechanical ventilation is used to treat respiratory failure caused by defects in the respiratory muscles or neural system, or lung diseases that affect airway resistance or compliance. When setting up mechanical ventilation, parameters such as FiO2, tidal volume, respiratory rate, inspiratory time, and PEEP must be configured. The main modes of ventilation are volume control, pressure control, and SIMV. The goals of mechanical ventilation are to improve oxygenation through parameters like FiO2 and PEEP and remove CO2 by controlling minute ventilation, tidal volume, and respiratory rate. Low tidal volume protocols for COVID-19 patients aim for tidal volumes of 4-6 mL/kg and PEEP of at least 5 cm H20

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    of 15

    Mechanical Ventilation From Clinical

    Point of View

    Abdulsalam Alzahrani , B.S,RRT,MBA


    Indications for mechanical ventilation
    Due to Respiratory Failure Caused by:

    1.Body Mechanical Issues:

    Defect in Respiratory Muscles


    Defect in Neural system

    2. Physiological Issues:

    Lung Diseases (Air way resistance or Compliance )


    THINGS NEED TO BE SETUP
    FiO2: the oxygen delivered by the ventilator during inspiration

    Tidal volume (TV or VT) or Pressure


    Trigger (sensitivity): The trigger sensitivity refers to a signal the ventilator is
    looking for related to initiation or start point in the delivery of a breath.

    Respiratory rate (RR or f, for frequency) : the mandatory number of breath


    delivered by ventilator per minute. (Normal RR for Adult 12-20)

    Inspiratory time (I Time):is the time allotted to deliver the set tidal volume (in
    volume control settings) or set pressure (in pressure control settings).
    (Normal for Adult 0.75 -1.2 sec)
    Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP): is the positive pressure that remains at
    the end of exhalation.
    Phase variables
     Parameters which control the phases of a mechanical breath.:

     The trigger variable determines how and when the ventilator ends exhalation
    and commenced inhalation.

     The limit (Targeted) variable restrict the maximum value which the
    parameters can achieve during inspiration

     The cycling variable is measured during the inspiratory phase; it is the


    mechanism used to end inspiration and commence expiration
    Basic Modes of Ventilation
    Volume control – Assist control (AC/VC):
    The clinician sets a desired volume (6-8ml/kg). volume is constant
    while pressure changes with changes in compliance and resistance.

    Patients receive same parameters as set by the clinician, with every


    breath. By the ventilator. (controlled mode)

    They may take additional breaths, or over-breathe, but every breath


    will deliver the same set parameters. (Assist Controlled )
    Cont- Basic Modes of Ventilation
    Pressure control- Assist control(AC/PC) :
    the clinician sets a desired pressure, Pressure is constant while
    volume and flow changes with changes in compliance and
    resistance.

    Patients receive the same breath, with the same parameters as set
    by the clinician, with every breath

    They may take additional breaths, or over-breathe, but every


    breath will deliver the same set parameters
    Cont-Basic Modes of Ventilation
    SIMV: Type of intermittent mandatory ventilation
    settings can be volume controlled (SIMV-VC) or pressure
    controlled (SIMV-PC)
    each mandatory breath in SIMV will deliver the identical set
    parameters
    Additional spontaneous breaths can be generated by patient.
     spontaneous breaths in this mode of ventilation will have more
    variable tidal volumes, based on patient and airway factors.
    Goals of Mechanical Ventilations
    CO2
    Removal Improve
    Oxygenation

    Minute
    Ventilation

    Tidal Respiratory
    Volume Rate FiO2 PEEP

    Minute Ventilation = is the amount of air the patient moves in one minute; it is a
    product of the ventilatory rate and tidal volume
    Mechanical Ventilation in COVID-19
    and low tidal volume protocol
    Target tidal volume 4–6 mL/kg PBW for patients with ARDS.

    Avoid the use of Zero PEEP.

    Use positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings ≥ 5 cm H20.


    Respiratory Rate
    Using Low Vt may require increased respiratory rates to prevent
    excessive Hypercapnia .

    Maintain minute ventilation as best as possible.

    May need to increase to 30 breaths per minute or more.

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