Electrical Resistance PDF

G E N E R A L P H Y S I C S 2
Electrical resistance, or simply resistance, is the

opposition of a material to the flow of electric
current. The SI unit of resistance is the ohm ,
named after Georg Simon Ohm.
Most electrical connections make use of devices
called resistors to regulate the amount of
current passing through a conductor. Resistance
values of the resistors may be fixed or variable.
Two sets of symbols are used to represent

resistors: one by the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and another by
the American National Standards Institute
(ANSI).
Metallized film resistor Carbon Resistor
Thermistor Potentiometer
The resistance of a resistor is indicated
at its exterior or given in the form of a
color code.
The first three bands represent the

first three digits if the resistance: the
fourth band as the power of ten
multiplier: the fifth band as the
manufactured tolerance: and the sixth
band as the temperature coefficient of
resistance.
The "ppm" in the temperature coefficient

or resistance means parts per million.
This entails that the value must be
multiplied by 10^-6.
Electrical conductivity is a physical
property of a material that
determines the ease by which
electric current flows through it
when subjected to an electric field.
The SI unit of conductivity is

siemens/meter (S/m). This
combination of units is equivalent to
1/ohm-meter.
Resistance R varies inversely from the cross-
sectional area A of the wire. As the area
increases, the resistance decreases. Thus, a
thick wire has lesser resistance than a thin
wire.
The resistance of a wire is directly

proportional to its length. A longer wire has
greater resistance than a shorter wire of the
same material and cross-sectional area.
Resistance and resistivity vary with temperature. As
temperature increases, resistivity increase for
conductors and decrease for insulators and
semiconductors.
The temperature dependence of resistance and
resistivity is nearly linear if the change in
temperature is not too great. An expression similar
to linear thermal expression approximates the effect
of temperature on resistance and resistivity.
What is the resistance and temperature
coefficient of resistance if its color code is red-
violet-yellow-black-gold-brown?
A wire is 100 cm long and has a resistance of 25

ohm. This wire is cut into five equal parts. What
is the resistance of each piece of wire?
The resistance of a platinum wire at 30 degrees

Celsius is 15.0 ohms. Find its resistance at 45
degrees Celsius. Note that the temperature
coefficient of resistance is 0.0039/degrees
Celsius at 20 degrees.
Resistance is also defined A resistor that has a
as the ratio of voltage to constant resistance is
the resulting current. The said to obey Ohm’s law and
Ohm’s law is an established considered ohmic.
discipline in understanding Otherwise, resistors are
the relationship of non-linear or non-ohmic.
current and voltage.
�
�=
�
Cells also offer small resistance to The potential difference across its
electric current called the internal terminals when no current is flowing is
resistance r. Because of this, the �
called electromotive force .
potential difference across the Electromotive force is indicated in a
terminals of a cell when current is battery. The potential difference across
flowing through it is less than when the terminals of a cell when current (I)
there is no current. flows through it is called terminal voltage
(��). This is the working voltage of a
battery-the voltage for an external load.
�� = � − ��
Power is the rate at which an Whenever you pay your electrical
appliance consumes electrical bills, you pay for the electrical
energy. energy consumption and not the
power.
�
�
�
� = �� = � � =
� Electrical Energy Consumption= ��
The unit of power is watts W, while electrical energy

consumption is joules J. Note that 1 joule is equal to 1 watt-
second.
A person used his 1500 W air-conditioning
unit for 5 hours every day during the
month of june. How much did it cost him for
using his air-conditioner if electricity is
priced at P8.17/kWh?
An electrical circuit is a group of electrical components that are
connected together to form a complete path for current.
An series circuit is a circuit A parallel circuit is a circuit

that contains more than one in which two or more
electrical component electrical components are
connected one after the connected across each other
other in a single path. in such a way that the
current is distributed
between them.
For any combination of resistors in a DC circuit, there is
always a single equivalent resistor that can replace the
combination without altering the total current and potential
difference called �� .
Quantity Series Parallel
Current (I) � = �� = �� = �� = �� + �� + ��
Voltage (V) � = �� + �� + �� = �� = �� = ��
Equivalent Resistance �� = �� + �� + ��

= + +
(�� ) ��

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G E N E R A L P H Y S I C S 2

Electrical resistance, or simply resistance, is the

Two sets of symbols are used to represent

The first three bands represent the

The "ppm" in the temperature coefficient

The SI unit of conductivity is

The resistance of a wire is directly

A wire is 100 cm long and has a resistance of 25

The resistance of a platinum wire at 30 degrees

The unit of power is watts W, while electrical energy

An series circuit is a circuit A parallel circuit is a circuit

Quantity Series Parallel

Equivalent Resistance �� = �� + �� + ��

You might also like

Electrical Resistance PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Electrical Resistance PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Electrical Resistance PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

G E N E R A L P H Y S I C S 2

Electrical resistance, or simply resistance, is the

Two sets of symbols are used to represent

The first three bands represent the

The "ppm" in the temperature coefficient

The SI unit of conductivity is

The resistance of a wire is directly

A wire is 100 cm long and has a resistance of 25

The resistance of a platinum wire at 30 degrees

The unit of power is watts W, while electrical energy

An series circuit is a circuit A parallel circuit is a circuit

Quantity Series Parallel

Equivalent Resistance ������ = �� + �� + �� � � � �

You might also like

Equivalent Resistance �� = �� + �� + ��