MAKALAH BAHASA INGGRIS II

DEFINITION AND EXAMPLES OF ADVERB CLAUSE

Disusun Untuk Memenuhi Tugas Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris II

Dosen Pengampu : Umi Aisyah M. Pd.

Disusun Oleh :

1. Putri Amelia Pratama 63010220004

2. Salsabila Sukardi 63010220005

3. Aisyah Putri Ayunda 63010220006

4. Cruistin Aris Sagita 63010220007

PROGRAM STUDI PERBANKAN SYARIAH

FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM

UIN SALATIGA

2023
 FOREWORD

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb

Thank God I pray to the presence of Allah SWT with His blessings and guidance so
that we can compile this paper to fulfill the assignment for English II course. Sholawat and
greetings may always be delivered to our great Prophet Muhammad SAW, his friends and
followers, and don't forget to thank Mrs. Umi Aisyah as the lecturer in English II course.

Of course, in writing this paper there are still many shortcomings. Therefore, it is
hoped that constructive criticism and suggestions from the lecturers in charge of this course.
Hopefully with the criticism and suggestions can be useful and become a guideline for us in
particular and for readers in general.

Salatiga, 28 March 2023

Group II
 LIST OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD........................................................................................................................................2
LIST OF CONTENTS...........................................................................................................................3
BAB 1...................................................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................4
A. Background................................................................................................................................4
B. Problem Formulation.................................................................................................................4
C. Purpose of the Problem..............................................................................................................4
BAB II...................................................................................................................................................5
DISCUSSION.......................................................................................................................................5
1. Understanding............................................................................................................................5
2. Characteristics of Adverb Clause...............................................................................................5
3. Types of Adverb Clauses...........................................................................................................5
4. Functions...................................................................................................................................7
5. Pattern And Formula..................................................................................................................7
BAB III..................................................................................................................................................9
CLOSING.............................................................................................................................................9
A. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................9
B. Suggestion.................................................................................................................................9
BIBLIOGRAPHY...............................................................................................................................10
 BAB 1

INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Adverb (adverb) is used to explain verb (verb), adjective (adjective), noun phrase
(noun phrase), and also other information. Some adverbs (descriptions) as follows :
a. Adverb clauses
b. Adverb of Ceritainty
c. Adverbs of Time
d. Adverb of Manner
e. Adverb of Place
f. Adverb of Frequency
g. Adverb of Degree
h. Interrogative Adverb
i. Adverb Conjunctions

B. Problem Formulation
Based on the background description above, the formulation of the problem in the
material in this paper is as follows :
a. What is meant by an adverb clause?
b. What are the characteristics of adverb clauses?
c. What are the types of adverb clauses and examples?
d. What are the functions of adverb clauses?
e. What are the patterns and formulas of adverb clauses?

C. Purpose of the Problem

a. Know the meaning of adverb clause
b. Know the characteristics of adverb clauses
c. Know the types of adverb clauses and examples
d. Know what are the functions of adverb clauses
e. Knowing how to pattern and formula adverb clause
 BAB II

DISCUSSION

1. Understanding
Definition of adverbial clauses Adverb clauses are clauses that function as adverbs
and are used to explain verbs, adjectives and adverbs in a complex sentence or even
all independent clauses.

2. Characteristics of Adverb Clause

Adverbs can be additional information. Adverbs can be placed in front, behind or
separately from the previous word. Adverbs are usually adjectives with the ending –ly
added. The adverb cannot be a noun.

3. Types of Adverb Clauses

a. Adverbial Clauses
Will act as dependent clauses, while what is explained will function as
independent clauses. Adverb clauses can be exemplified by sentences like the
ones below.
I will contact my referees tomorrow ini (adverb)
I will contact my referees tomorrow afternoon. (adverb phrases)
b. Adverb of Certainty
The adverb of certainty describes the certainty or certainty of something.
Examples of adverbs of certainty are surely, obviously, definitely, probably,
possibly, maybe, really, and doubly.
Example of sentences:
It will probably rain tonight. [It will probably rain tonight.]
I will certainly help you. [I will definitely help you.]
Yudi is obviously very clever. [Yudi is clearly very smart.]
c. Adverbs of Time
Adverb of time is a word that refers to when something happened or was. Some
words that are classified as adverbs of time are immediately (as soon as possible),
then (later), now (now), yesterday (yesterday), tommorow (tomorrow), later
(later), daily (every day), and others.
Example of sentences:
Let's begin to work now. [Let's get to work now.]
Yusron always comes late. [Yusron always arrives late.]
The postman comes daily. [The postman comes every day.]
d. Adverb of Manner
 Adverb of manner provide an explanation of how or in what way an activity is
carried out. Examples are sadly, happily, bravely, hard, fast, soundly, fairly, and
so on.
Example of sentences:
The soldiers fight bravely. [Soldiers are fighting bravely.]
The students compete fairly. [Students compete fairly.]
She stared at me curiously. [He looks at me curiously.]
e. Adverb of Place
The adverb of place describes a place. Examples of adverbs of place are here,
there, below, near, and so on.
Example of sentences:
My boss is out. [My boss is out.]
Stay here. [Silence here.]
She always looks down. [He always looks down.]
f. Adverb of Frequency
The adverb of frequency describes how often an activity is carried out. Which
includes adverbs of frequency include often (often), never (never), frequently
(often, often), sometimes (sometimes), usually (usually), rarely (rarely, rarely),
and seldom (rarely). .
Example of sentences:
I often forget her name. [I often forget his name.]
She rarely visits her mother. [He seldom visits his mother.]
I have told you twice. [I've told you twice.]
g. Adverb of Degree
The adverb of degree explains how much, to what extent, or at what level
something happens. Examples of words that include adverbs of degree are very
(very), enough (enough), rather (rather), fairly (rather), nearly (almost), pretty
(enough), and others.
Example of sentences:
He came rather late. [He came a bit late.]
She is very beautiful. [She is very beautiful.]
Farhat reads quite clearly. [Farhat reads quite clearly.]
Dhani sings pretty well. [Dhani sings pretty well.]
h. Interrogative Adverbs
Interrogative adverbs are used in questions. Examples of these adverbs are when,
where, why, and how.
Example of sentences:
Where are you going tonight? [Where are you going tonight?]
How long will you stay in Makassar? [How long will you stay in Makassar?]
i. Adverb Conjunctions
The adverb conjunction plays a role in connecting two clauses. Examples of
adverb conjunctions are however, accordingly, then, next, and still.
Example sentences:
Life is hard. However, life can be fun.
 The market is very difficult these days. Consequently, we need to focus on what
works best for our customers. My friend Mark doesn't enjoy school. Still, he's
working hard at getting good grades.

4. Functions
The function of the adverb clause is to provide information about verbs (verbs),
adjectives (adjectives), and adverbs to answer questions consisting of how, when,
where, and why.
Adverb Function
Apart from those mentioned in the types of adverbs above, other adverb functions in
English are as follows :
a. Emphasis (emphasis)
b. Only you come here.
c. Negation (negation or denial)
d. She doesn't look at us.
e. Conjunctive adverb (connection)

5. Pattern And Formula

Adverbial Clause Patterns and Functions*
In general, the adverbial clause pattern is conjunction + S + V. Then the conjunction
used will determine its function in the sentence, whether as a description of time,
place, method, purpose, etc. In relation to its placement in sentences, adverbial
clauses can be positioned at the beginning, end, or even in the middle of a sentence
(informal and rarely). The further adverbial clause functions are as follows.
a. Time
After
As
As soon as
Before
Once
Since
Until/till
When
Whenever
While
Example :
When my dad arrived home, I was watching TV.
You can answer the questions once you understand the concept
b. Place
Where
Wherever
Example :
She will live where(ver) her husband lives.
Jack will take it with him wherever he goes.
c. Contrast
Although
Though
Even though
Whereas
While
Even if
Example :
He wants to go, while she hopes to stay any longer.
Although he was upset, he gave them a smile.
d. Cause and Result
As
Because
Since
So
Example :
Because his visa is about to end, he has to extend it very soon.
His visa is about to end, so he has to extend it very soon.
e. Purpose
In order that
In the hope that
So
So that
So as
Example :
Carl took a cab so that he could reach the office before seven.
I will finish my thesis in August, so I can take vacation in September.
f. Condition
As long as
If
Only if
Otherwise
Or else
Provided/ providing
Supposing
Unless
Example :
He’ll help you only if you ask him politely.
As long as you don’t violate the rules, everything will be okay.
g. Manner
As if
As though
How
The way
 Example :
Your son speaks the way you do.
She shops as if she had much money.

BAB III

CLOSING

A. Conclusion
The conclusion that can be drawn from this paper, adverb clause is a clause as
an adverb. Adverbs that are in independent clauses are useful for answering questions
such as how, when, where and why. Adverb clauses function as modifiers or
explanations for verbs in a sentence.
With the formula: conjunctiont + S + V

B. Suggestion
After completing this paper, we learned about the meaning of adverb clauses,
functions, characteristics, types and formulas and examples of adverb clauses.
Hopefully this paper is useful for readers. hopefully add to our knowledge and insight
also increase our gratitude to Allah SWT who has given us the thoughts that He has
created. We realize that there are still many shortcomings in the preparation of this
paper, therefore we really need constructive criticism and suggestions to improve our
next paper.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://englishplusplus.id/adverbial-clause/

[online at, accesed 28 March 2023]

https://www.ef.co.id/englishfirst/kids/blog/adverb-clauses-pengertian-dan-contoh-
penggunaannya/

[online at, accesed 28 March 2023]