Jagannath International Management School

MOR, Pocket-105, Kalkaji, New Delhi-110019

(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
and Approved under Section 2(f) of UGC Act 1956)
Accredited by National Assessment and Accreditation
Council (NAAC)

Business Research Methodology Lab File

BBA 213
Submitted in partial fulfillment of
Bachelors Of Business Administration 2021- 2024

BBA III Semester

Batch: 2021-2024

Submitted to:                                                          Submitted by:

Ms. Jasleen Rana Name: Shail Kashyap
Assistant Professor Enrollment No: 00724501721

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 INDEX

S.NO. TOPIC PAGE NO.

1. INTRODUCTION TO MS EXCEL 4-8

1.1 Basic Information 4

1.2 Benefits 6
1.3 Create Workbook and Spreadsheet 7
1.4 Naming and Adding 7
1.5 Data Entry 8
2. EXCEL FORMULAE 9-10

2.1 Sum 9
2.2 Average 9
2.3 Standard Deviation 10
2.4 Count, Count A, Count Blank 10
3. DATA ANALYSIS IN EXCEL 11-13

3.1 Correlation 11
3.2 T-Test 12
3.3 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 13
4. PIVOT TABLE 14-15

4.1 Creation of Pivot Table 14

(Columns, Rows, Values, Filtering)
4.2 Substitution of Count function 15
4.3 Cross-checking of Data 15
5. CHARTS 16-17

5.1 Bar Graph 16

5.2 Column Graph 16
5.3 Pie Chart 17
5.4 Line Graph 17
6. QUESTIONNAIRE 18

6.1 Linking to Google Sheet 18

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 6.2 Response Sheet 18
6.3 Summary
7. INTRODUCTION TO SPSS
7.1 Entering Data in Data View and Variable View
7.2 Selecting measures(Nominal, Ordinal, Scale)
8. DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS 19-20

8.1 Descriptive 19
8.2 Frequency Analysis 20
9. INFERENTIAL ANALYSIS 21-23

9.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 21

9.2 Correlation 22
9.3 T-Test 23
9.4 Chi-Square Test 23
10. Saving and Copying Results from Output Window 24

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 1.
INTRODUCTION TO MS EXCEL

1.1 Basic Information

MS Excel is a spreadsheet program where one can record data in the form of
tables. It is easy to analyse data in an Excel spreadsheet. The image given below
represents how an Excel spreadsheet looks like:

A spreadsheet is in the form of a table comprising rows and columns. The

rectangular box at the intersection point between rows and columns forms a cell. 

Various editing and formatting can be done on an Excel spreadsheet. Discussed

below are the various features of MS Excel. 

 Home

o Comprises options like font size, font styles, font colour, background colour,
alignment, formatting options and styles, insertion and deletion of cells and
editing options

 Insert

o Comprises options like table format and style, inserting images and figures,
adding graphs, charts and sparklines, header and footer option, equation and
symbols

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 Page Layout

o Themes, orientation and page setup options are available under the page
layout option

 Formulas

o Since tables with a large amount of data can be created in MS excel, under
this feature, you can add formulas to your table and get quicker solutions 

 Data

o Adding external data (from the web), filtering options and data tools are
available under this category

 Review

o Proofreading can be done for an excel sheet (like spell check) in the review
category and a reader can add comments in this part 

 View

o Different views in which we want the spreadsheet to be displayed can be

edited here. Options to zoom in and out and pane arrangement are available
under this category

1.2 Benefits

MS Excel is widely used for various purposes because the data is easy to save, and
information can be added and removed without any discomfort and less hard work.
Given below are a few important benefits of using MS Excel:

 Easy To Store Data: Since there is no limit to the amount of information that can be
saved in a spreadsheet, MS Excel is widely used to save data or to analyse data.
Filtering information in Excel is easy and convenient.
 Easy To Recover Data: If the information is written on a piece of paper, finding it
may take longer, however, this is not the case with excel spreadsheets. Finding and
recovering data is easy.

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 Application of Mathematical Formulas: Doing calculations has become easier and
less time-taking with the formulas option in MS excel
 More Secure: These spreadsheets can be password secured in a laptop or personal
computer and the probability of losing them is way lesser in comparison to data
written in registers or piece of paper.
 Data at One Place: Earlier, data was to be kept in different files and registers when
the paperwork was done. Now, this has become convenient as more than one
worksheet can be added in a single MS Excel file.
 Neater and Clearer Visibility of Information: When the data is saved in the form of
a table, analysing it becomes easier. Thus, information is a spreadsheet that is more
readable and understandable.

1.3 Create a workbook and spreadsheet

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1.4 Naming and Adding

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1.5 Data Entry

2. EXCEL FORMULAE

2.1 SUM

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2.2 AVERAGE

2.3 STANDARD DEVIATION

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2.4 COUNT, COUNT A, COUNT BLANK

3. DATA ANALYSIS IN EXCEL

3.1 Correlation

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H1: There is a significant relationship between the levels of glucose and age of
individuals.

H0: There is no significant relationship between the levels of glucose and the age
of individuals.

After applying the correlation function the value of r came out to be

0.5298089019

Therefore, H0 is rejected.

Degree of Freedom (n-2)= 6-2= 4

Accuracy= 95%

 Therefore the null hypothesis at 5%=0.05 is rejected.

 According to Pearson correlation table. α= 0.81

3.2 T-Test

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3.3 ANOVA Test

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 As a head of department of a consumer’s research organisation responsibility for
testing and comparing lifetime of 4 brands of electric bulbs test the lifetime of
three electric bulbs of each of the four brands. The below table shows lifetime of
all three electric bulbs in hundreds of hours across all four brands. Can we infer
that the mean lifetime of electric bulb of 4 brands is equal at 5% level of
significance?

A 20 19 21

B 25 23 21

C 24 20 22

D 23 20 20
H0: µA =µB
=µC =µD

H1: µA ≠µB ≠µC ≠µD

 F crit is the value obtained from the table and F is the calculated value.
 Since both are different H1 will be accepted.

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 4. PIVOT TABLE

A pivot table is a statistics tool that summarizes and reorganizes selected
columns and rows of data in a spreadsheet or database table to obtain a
desired report. The tool does not actually change the spreadsheet o
database itself, it simply “pivots” or turns the data to view it from different
perspectives.

Columns
The column area is composed of headings that stretch across the top of
columns in the pivot table. The column area of a pivot table gives you a
column-oriented perspective. As you can see, the column area stretches
across the top of the columns. In this example, it contains the unique list of
business segments.

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Rows
When a field is chosen for the row area, it populates as the first column.
Similar to the columns, all row labels are the unique values and duplicates
are removed.Values- Each value is kept in a pivot table cell and display
the summarized information. The most common values are sum, average,
minimum and maximum.

Value
In PivotTables, you can use summary functions in value fields to combine
values from the underlying source data. If summary functions and custom
calculations do not provide the results that you want, you can create your
own formulas in calculated fields and calculated items.

Filter
By using a report filter, you can quickly display a different set of values in
the PivotTable. Items you select in the filter are displayed in the
PivotTable, and items that are not selected will be hidden.

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5. CHARTS

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5.1 Bar Graphs

5.2 Column Graph

5.3 Pie Chart

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5.4 Line Graph

6. QUESTIONNAIRE

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 8. DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS

8.1 Descriptive
Descriptive statistics are brief informational coefficients that summarize a
given data set, which can be either a representation of the entire population or
a sample of a population. Descriptive statistics are broken down into
measures of central tendency and measures of variability (spread). Measures
of central tendency include the mean, median, and mode, while measures of

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 variability include standard deviation, variance, minimum and maximum
variables, kurtosis, and skewness.

8.2 Frequency Analysis

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 9.
INFERENTIAL ANALYSIS

9.1 Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

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9.2 Correlation

Interpretations of data-

1. F stats <F critical value; the test is insignificant.

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2. P>0.05 so this is null hypothesis. There is no difference between the means of my
3 groups.

9.3 T-Test

9.4 Chi Square

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Interpretation of the data:

P =0.028 this is alternative hypothesis there is association between gender and

smoking status.

10.
Saving and Copying Results from Output Window

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