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    OS Commands

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Sagwekar
    The document contains instructions for several Linux commands used to manage processes, files, and users. It discusses how to create directories and files, change permissions and owners, view running processes, search files with grep, and change the current working directory. It also provides code snippets to demonstrate using the fork and wait system calls to create and manage child processes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    OS Commands

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Sagwekar
    28 views4 pages
    The document contains instructions for several Linux commands used to manage processes, files, and users. It discusses how to create directories and files, change permissions and owners, view running processes, search files with grep, and change the current working directory. It also provides code snippets to demonstrate using the fork and wait system calls to create and manage child processes.

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    OS_commands

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    The document contains instructions for several Linux commands used to manage processes, files, and users. It discusses how to create directories and files, change permissions and owners, view running processes, search files with grep, and change the current working directory. It also provides code snippets to demonstrate using the fork and wait system calls to create and manage child processes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    28 views4 pages

    OS Commands

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Sagwekar
    The document contains instructions for several Linux commands used to manage processes, files, and users. It discusses how to create directories and files, change permissions and owners, view running processes, search files with grep, and change the current working directory. It also provides code snippets to demonstrate using the fork and wait system calls to create and manage child processes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    PRACTICAL 1

    1.mkdir Mike
    == create new folder in linux

    2.cat >abc.txt
    == concatenate file and print on the standard output

    3.sort abc.txt
    == sort lines of text

    4.ls -l
    == lists the file inside the folder

    5.sudo useradd Mayank


    == create new user

    6.sudo chown Mayank abc.txt


    == change owner of file

    7.sudo groupadd Mygroup


    == create new groupe account of name Mygroup

    8.sudo chgrp mahesh abc.txt

    9.sudo chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=r abc.txt

    10.ps

    11.ps aux
    == a:prints running processes from all user
    u:shows user columns
    x:prints processes those have not been executed

    12.ps aux --sort -pid


    == prints running processes in 'process id' wiser sorting

    13.ps aux --sort pid

    14.grep -i "unix" new.txt


    == highlights the entered word

    15.grep -c "unix" new.txt


    == counts the number of lines

    16.grep -o "unix" new.txt


    == prints word entered

    17.cd FAMT
    == to change the current working directory in various operating systems

    18.cd ..
    == this command is used to move to the parent directory of current directory

    PRACTICAL 2

    Q1.A Display OS Version,Release no, kernel version


    == cat /etc/ os-release
    uname -r
    grep '^VERSION' /etc/os-release
    egrep '^(VERSION|NAME)=' /etc/os-release

    Q1.B Display top 10 processes in ascending order


    == ps aux --sort -pid|head -11

    Q1.C display processes with highest memory usage


    == ps aux |head -1; ps aux |sort -rnk 4|head -5

    Q1.D Display current log in user and log name


    == w

    PRACTICAL 3

    1. ls -a :list all files including hidden file starting with '.'.

    2. ls -d :list directories - with ' */'.

    3. ls -l :list with long format - show permissions.

    4. ls -F :Append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries.

    5. ls -lh :This command will show you the file sizes in human readable format.

    6. ls -r :list in reverse order.

    7. ls -i :list file's inode(index) number.

    8. ls -ltr :View Reverse Output Order by Date.

    9. ls -t :sort by time & date.

    10.ls -n :It is used to print group ID and owner ID instead of their names.

    11.ls -m :A list of entries separated by commas should fill the width.

    12.ls -g :This allows you to exclude the owner and group information columns.

    13.ls -q :Force printing of non-graphic characters in file names as the


    character `?';.

    14.ls -Q :Place double quotations around the entry names

    PRACTICAL 4

    Q1. Create a child process in linux using the fork system call from child process
    obtain process id of both child
    and parents by using get pid and get ppid system call.
    ==

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<unistd.h>
    int main()
    {
    int pid;
    pid = fork();
    if(pid==0)
    {
    printf("\n After Fork");
    printf("\n The new child process is created by fork system call
    %d \n",getpid());
    }
    else
    {
    printf("\n Before fork");
    printf("\n The parent process id is: %d",getppid());
    printf("\n parent process executed successfully");
    }
    return 0;

    Q2. Explore wait and wait pid before termination of process


    ==

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<unistd.h>
    #include<stdlib.h>
    #include<sys/wait.h>

    int main()
    {
    pid_t cpid;
    if(fork==0)
    {
    exit(0);
    }
    else
    {
    cpid = wait(NULL);
    }
    printf("\n parent pid: %d \n ",getpid());
    printf("\n child pid: %d", cpid);
    return 0;
    }

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