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    Lesson 1: Sex and Gender Lesson Objectives

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    Marjorie Caldito
    This document discusses the concepts of sex and gender from biological and social perspectives. Sex refers to biological characteristics determined at birth, while gender refers to social roles assigned by society. The key differences are outlined, including how gender roles assign childcare and home responsibilities to women and income-earning to men. Gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender stereotypes are also defined. The document examines how socialization through family, education, media, and religion reinforce gender norms and stereotypes from a young age.

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    Lesson 1: Sex and Gender Lesson Objectives

    Uploaded by

    Marjorie Caldito
    45 views5 pages
    This document discusses the concepts of sex and gender from biological and social perspectives. Sex refers to biological characteristics determined at birth, while gender refers to social roles assigned by society. The key differences are outlined, including how gender roles assign childcare and home responsibilities to women and income-earning to men. Gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender stereotypes are also defined. The document examines how socialization through family, education, media, and religion reinforce gender norms and stereotypes from a young age.

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    This document discusses the concepts of sex and gender from biological and social perspectives. Sex refers to biological characteristics determined at birth, while gender refers to social roles assigned by society. The key differences are outlined, including how gender roles assign childcare and home responsibilities to women and income-earning to men. Gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender stereotypes are also defined. The document examines how socialization through family, education, media, and religion reinforce gender norms and stereotypes from a young age.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views5 pages

    Lesson 1: Sex and Gender Lesson Objectives

    Uploaded by

    Marjorie Caldito
    This document discusses the concepts of sex and gender from biological and social perspectives. Sex refers to biological characteristics determined at birth, while gender refers to social roles assigned by society. The key differences are outlined, including how gender roles assign childcare and home responsibilities to women and income-earning to men. Gender identity, sexual orientation, and gender stereotypes are also defined. The document examines how socialization through family, education, media, and religion reinforce gender norms and stereotypes from a young age.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    1

    Lesson 1: Sex and Gender

    Lesson Objectives:
    1. Identify the distinction of gender and sex as part of society.
    2. Examine how two concepts through contemporary social theory.
    3. Attempt to trace the development of gender present in Philippine context.

    Getting Started:

    This lesson discusses the concepts of sex and gender in the realm of
    biological and social perspective – how they differ from one another and
    how they become vital in nation building.

    Discussion:
    A. What they are, how they differ?

    Sex is a biological term use to refer to mating of two


    organisms as part of the reproduction process. Coitus is the
    technical term for the act. Sex can also determine your role
    according to reproduction process – male produces sperm
    and female produces egg cell. There are some people who
    are born with both male and female or incomplete genitalia
    called as intersexed. They also vary in chromosomal make-up;
    different internal and external genitalia (sex organs) and
    different quantities of hormones. Chromosomes are the first
    determinants of sex. There are two types of chromosomes X
    and Y, female only contain X chromosome while male sperm
    may have either. For gender neuter people (neither male or
    female) the chromosomal make-up is XO.
    Gender refers to social roles assigned or expected by the society. The most basic element of
    contemporary gender systems is gender roles: the assignment of caring for children and home is for
    women while providing income is for men. Production refers to social production such as commodities,
    services and other things that can earn money in return of the labor called wages. Men’s sphere is all
    about production. Meanwhile, reproduction includes all other tasks associated to it. Maintaining the
    family, taking good care of children and good housekeeping – activities for survival with no economic
    value belongs to women’s sphere.
    The production- reproduction distinction has a big impact to society. Decision-making for large
    community is dominated by men because of their economic activities. Moreover, the relative freedom
    allows them to participate social-political structures which are also dominated my man in the
    Philippines.

    Learning Module in Gender and Society


    2

    B. Gender Bread Person

    Learning Module in Gender and Society


    3

    C. Gender Identity
    One's innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both or neither – how individuals
    perceive themselves and what they call themselves. One's gender identity can be the same or
    different from their sex assigned at birth.

    D. Sexual Orientation
    An inherent or immutable enduring emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to other people.

    Learning Module in Gender and Society


    4

    E. Gender Stereotypes
    Gender stereotyping is defined as an overgeneralization of characteristics, differences and
    attributes of a certain group based on their gender. Gender stereotypes create widely accepted
    biases about certain characteristics or traits and perpetuate the notion that each gender. Gender
    stereotypes are dangerous because they can cause us to might be disoriented in our perceptions.
    When individuals don’t conform to our gender stereotypes the result can lead to discrimination and
    unequal or create unequal or unfair treatments to a certain person who chooses to defy people’s
    assumptions about his/her gender. When gender inequality occurs in the background of gender
    stereotyping, this is in the most basic sense sexism.

    Four Types of Gender Stereotypes


    Sex Stereotypes- generalized view of traits specifically physical and emotional roles.
    Sexual Stereotypes - assumptions regarding a person’s sexuality that reinforce dominant views.
    Sex-role Stereotypes - focus on behaviors they must possess to fulfill their roles.
    Compounded Stereotypes - assumptions about specific group belonging to a gender.
    Sexism- prejudice against a certain sex or gender.
    Homophobia- disgust or fear of homosexuals.
    Discrimination- unequal treatment of a certain gender.
    Stigma- a mark of disgrace given to a gender.

    F. Gender and Socialization

    1. Child-rearing (Family). “Gendering”- socialization of persons into a given gender.

    Manipulation. Handling of boys or girls differently, even as infants. Boys


    have more visual and physical stimulation. Girls have more verbal
    stimulation.

    Canalization. Directing children’s attention to gender-appropriate


    objects. Toys teach children what their prescribe roles in life will be.

    Learning Module in Gender and Society


    5

    Verbal Appellation. Telling children what they are or what is expected


    of them.

    Activity Exposure. Familiarizing children to their gender-appropriate


    tasks.

    2. Institution of Mass Socialization


    Four institution that are crucial:

    Formal Education. The school, one of the socializing agents, no


    doubt contributes to the strengthening of stereotypes learned at
    home.

    Mass Media. Advertising using gender imagery to get people buy


    the products wherein it also convinces them to buy gender
    prevalent ideology.

    Religion. Most dominant religions teach that gender differentiation


    and inequality are ordained by God.

    Learning Module in Gender and Society

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