Designation: A 268/A 268M – 04a

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless
Steel Tubing for General Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 268/A 268M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* lar Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels

1.1 This specification2 covers a number of grades of A 1016/A 1016M Specification for General Requirements
nominal-wall-thickness, stainless steel tubing for general for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-
corrosion-resisting and high-temperature service. Most of these less Steel Tubes
grades are commonly known as the “straight-chromium” types E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
and are characterized by being ferromagnetic. Two of these and Tubing
grades, TP410 and UNS S 41500 (Table 1), are amenable to E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld
hardening by heat treatment, and the high-chromium, ferritic Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing
alloys are sensitive to notch-brittleness on slow cooling to 3. Terminology
ordinary temperatures. These features should be recognized in
the use of these materials. Grade TP439 is used primarily for 3.1 Lot Definitions:
hot-water tank service and does not require post-weld heat 3.1.1 For flange and flaring requirements, the term lot
treatment to prevent attack of the heat affected zone. applies to all tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size
1.2 An optional supplementary requirement is provided, and and wall thickness which are produced from the same heat of
when desired, shall be so stated in the order. steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace charge.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the lot shall be determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- in Table 2.
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” 3.1.2 For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lot
designation of this specification is specified in the order. applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal
diameter and wall thickness that are produced from the same
2. Referenced Documents heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a batch-type
2.1 ASTM Standards: 3 furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size
A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for and the same heat which are heat treated in the same furnace
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous
Sheet, and Strip furnace, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat,
A 763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu- heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature, time
at heat, and furnace speed.

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4. Ordering Information
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 268/A 268M – 04. specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- limited to, the following:
cation SA-268 in Section II of that Code.
3
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless or welded tubes),
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
the ASTM website. 4.1.4 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade TP405 TP410 TP429 TP430 TP443 TP446–1 TP446–2A ... TP409
UNS
Designation S40500 S41000 S42900 S43000 S44300 S44600 S44600 S40800 S40900
Element Composition, %
C, max 0.08 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.12 0.08 0.08
Mn, max 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00
P, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.045 0.045
S, max 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.045 0.030
Si, max 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ni 0.50 max ... ... ... 0.75 max 0.75 max 0.50 max 0.80 max 0.50 max
Cr 11.5–14.5 11.5–13.5 14.0–16.0 16.0–18.0 18.0–23.0 23.0–27.0 23.0–27.0 11.5–13.0 10.5–11.7
Mo ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Al 0.10–0.30 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cu ... ... ... ... 0.90–1.25 ... ... ... ...
N ... ... ... ... ... 0.25 0.25 ... ...
Ti ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 3 C min; 6 3 C min;
1.10 max 0.75 max
TP TP
Grade TP439 ... TP430 Ti XM-27 XM-33A 18Cr-2Mo 29-4 29-4-2 26-3-3 25-4-4 ... ... ... ... ... TP468
UNS
Designation S43035 S41500B S43036 S44627 S44626 S44400 S44700 S44800 S44660 S44635 S44735 S32803 S40977 S43940 S42035 S46800
Element Composition, %
C, max 0.07 0.05 0.10 0.01A 0.06 0.025 0.010 0.010 0.030 0.025 0.030 0.015C 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.030
Mn, max 1.00 0.5–1.0 1.00 0.40 0.75 1.00 0.30 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.5 1.50 1.00 1.00 1.00
P, max 0.040 0.03 0.040 0.02 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.025 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.020 0.040 0.040 0.045 0.040

2
S, max 0.030 0.03 0.030 0.02 0.020 0.030 0.020 0.020 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.005 0.015 0.015 0.030 0.030
Si, max 1.00 0.60 1.00 0.40 0.75 1.00 0.20 0.20 1.00 0.75 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ni 0.50 max 3.5–5.5 0.75 max 0.5D max 0.50 max 1.00 max 0.15 max 2.0–2.5 1.0–3.50 3.5–4.5 1.00 max 3.0–4.0 0.30–1.00 ... 1.0–2.5 0.50
Cr 17.00– 11.5–14.0 16.00– 25.0–27.5 25.0–27.0 17.5–19.5 28.0–30.0 28.0–30.0 25.0–28.0 24.5–26.0 28.00– 28.0–29.0 10.50–12.5017.50–18.50 13.5–15.5 18.00–20.00
19.00 19.50 30.00
Mo ... 0.5–1.0 ... 0.75–1.50 0.75–1.50 1.75–2.50 3.5–4.2 3.5–4.2 3.0–4.0 3.5–4.5 3.60–4.20 1.8–2.5 ... ... 0.2–1.2 ...
Al, max 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cu, max ... ... ... 0.2 0.20 ... 0.15 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
A 268/A 268M – 04a

N, max 0.04 ... ... 0.015 0.040 0.035 0.020E 0.020E 0.040 0.035 0.045 0.020 0.030 ... ... 0.030
Ti 0.20 + 4 (C ... 5 3 C min; ... 7 3 (C + N) (Ti + Cb) ... ... (Ti + Cb) = (Ti + Cb) = (Ti + Cb) = ... ... 0.10–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.07–0.30
+ N) min; 0.75 max but no less 0.20 + 4 0.20–1.00 0.20 + 4 0.20–1.00
1.10 max than 0.20 (C + N) and 6 3 (C + N) and 6 3
min; 1.00 min; 0.80 (C + N) min to (C+ N)
max max min 0.80 max min

Cb ... ... ... 0.05–0.20 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.15–0.50F ... (3 3 %C + ... 0.10–0.60
0.30) min
(Ti + Cb) =
0.20 +4(C+N)
min;0.80 max
A
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, tubing, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.015 % is necessary. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those less than 0.500 in. [12.7
mm] in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. [1.2 mm] in average wall thickness (0.040 in. [1 mm] in minimum wall thickness).
B
Plate version of CA6NM.
C
Carbon plus nitrogen = 0.30 max.
D
Nickel plus copper.
E
Carbon plus nitrogen = 0.025 % max.
F
Cb/(C + N) = 12 min.
 A 268/A 268M – 04a
TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes which
Continuous Process do not meet the requirements of the specification shall be
Size of Tube Size of Lot
rejected.
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter and not more than 50 tubes 10. Tensile Requirements
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over in wall thickness
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 mm] not more than 75 tubes 10.1 The material shall conform to the tensile properties
in outside diameter or over 1 in. [25.4 mm] in prescribed in Tables 3 and 4.
outside diameter and under 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in
wall thickness 11. Hardness Requirements
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes
11.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not to exceed
those prescribed in Table 5.
12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
4.1.5 Length (specific or random),
4.1.6 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or nondestructive 12.1 Variations in outside diameter, wall thickness, and
electric test, Section 16), length from those specified shall not exceed the amounts
4.1.7 Test report required (Certification Section of Specifi- prescribed in Table 6.
cation A 1016/A 1016M), TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
4.1.8 Specification designation,
4.1.9 Intergranular corrosion test, and Tensile Yield ElongationA,B
4.1.10 Special requirements. strength, strength, in 2 in. or
min, min, 50 mm,
Grade and UNS Designation ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] min, %
5. General Requirements
TP405 60 [415] 30 [205] 20
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- S40500
... 55 [380] 30 [205] 20
form to the applicable requirements of Specification A 1016/ S40800
A 1016M unless otherwise provided herein. TP410 60 [415] 30 [205] 20
S41000
TP429, TP430, and TP430 Ti 60 [415] 35 [240] 20
6. Manufacture S429000, S 43000, and S 43036
6.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded TP443 70 [485] 40 [275] 20
S44300
process with no filler metal added. TP446-1 70 [485] 40 [275] 18
S44600
7. Heat Treatment TP446-2 65 [450] 40 [275] 20
S44600
7.1 As a final heat treatment, tubes shall be reheated to a TP409 55 [380] 25 [170] 20
temperature of 1200 °F [650 °C] or higher and cooled (as S40900
TP439 60 [415] 30 [205] 20
appropriate for the grade) to meet the requirements of this S43035
specification. ... 115 [795] 90 [620] 15
7.2 The martensitic grade UNS S 41500 shall be reheated to S41500
TPXM-27 65 [450] 40 [275] 20
a temperature of 950 °F [510 °C] or higher and cooled as S44627
appropriate to meet the requirements of this specification. TPXM-33 68 [470] 45 [310] 20
S44626
18Cr-2Mo 60 [415] 40 [275] 20
8. Chemical Composition S44400
8.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements 29-4 and 29-4-2 80 [550] 60 [415] 20
S44700 and S44800
prescribed in Table 1. 26-3-3 85 [585] 65 [450] 20
S44660
9. Product Analysis 25-4-4 90 [620] 75 [515] 20
S44635
9.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of flatrolled ... 75 [515] 60 [415] 18
stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The chemical S44735
28-2-3.5
composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements S32803 87 [600] 72 [500] 16
specified. S40977 65 [450] 41 [280] 18
9.2 The product analysis tolerance of the Chemical Require- S43940 62 [430] 36 [250] 18
S42035 80 [550] 55 [380] 16
ments Table of A 480 /A 480M shall apply. The product TP468 60 [415] 30 [205] 22
analysis tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for S46800
material with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less. A
For tubing smaller than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter, the elongation
9.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of values given for strip specimens in Table 2 shall apply. Mechanical property
requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall diameter or with walls thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet B
For longitudinal strip tests a deduction of 0.90 % for TP446–1 and S 44735
the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining and 1.00 % for all other grades shall be made from the basic minimum elongation
for each 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. [8 mm]. The
material in the heat or lot shall be rejected or, at the option of following table gives the computed minimum values:
the producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for

3
 A 268/A 268M – 04a
TABLE 4 Minimum Elongation Values variation in outside diameter given in Table 6; however, the
mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the
ElongationA in 2 in.
Wall Thickness or 50 mm, min, %
given permissible variation.
12.3 When the specified wall is 2 % or less of the specified
TP446–1
and All Other outside diameter, the method of measurement is in accordance
in. mm S 44735 S41500 Grades with the agreement between the purchaser and the manufac-
⁄ [0.312]
5 16 8 18 15 20 turer (see Note 1).
⁄ [0.281]
9 32 7.2 17 14 19
1⁄4 [0.250] 6.4 16 14 18 NOTE 1—Very thin wall tubing may not be stiff enough for the outside
7⁄32 [0.219] 5.6 15 13 17 diameter to be accurately measured with a point contact test method, such
3⁄16 [0.188] 4.8 14 12 16 as with the use of a micrometer or caliper. When very thin walls are
5⁄32 [0.156] 4 13 11 15
1⁄8 [0.125]
specified, “go”–“no go” ring gages are commonly used to measure
3.2 13 11 14
3⁄32 [0.094] 2.4 12 10 13
diameters of 11⁄2 in. [38.1 mm] or less. A0.002-in. [0.05-mm] additional
1⁄16 [0.062] 1.6 11 9 12 tolerance is usually added on the “go” ring gage to allow clearance for
0.062–0.035, excl 1.6–0.9 10 8 12 sliding. On larger diameters, measurement is commonly performed with a
0.035–0.022, excl 0.9–0.6 10 8 11 pi tape. Other test methods such as optical test methods may also be
0.022–0.015, incl 0.6–0.4 10 8 11 considered.
A
Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole
number. 13. Surface Condition
Note—The above table gives the computed minimum values for each 1⁄32 in. 13.1 All tubes shall be free of excessive mill scale, suitable
[0.8 mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two
values shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined by the for inspection. A slight amount of oxidation will not be
following equation: considered as scale. Any special finish requirements shall be
Grade Equation subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the pur-
TP446–1 and S 44735 E = 28.8t + 9.00 [E = 1.13t + 9.00] chaser.
S41500 E = 24t + 7.5
All other grades E = 32t + 10.00 [E = 1.25t + 10.00]
14. Mechanical Tests Required
where:
E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %.
14.1 Tension Tests—One tension test shall be made on a
t = actual thickness of specimen, in. specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall
[mm]. be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
tubes.
14.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)— One test shall be
TABLE 5 Hardness Requirements.
made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot of
Brinell Rockwell
finished tubes. The minimum expansion of the inside diameter
Hardness, Hardness, shall be 10 %. For tubes over 8 in. [203.2 mm] in outside
Grade UNS Designation max B Scale, max diameter, or tubes with wall thickness 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] and
TP405 S40500 207 95 over, the flattening test may be performed instead of the flaring
... S40800 207 95
TP410 S41000 207 95
test unless the flaring test is specified in the purchase order.
TP429, TP430, and S42900, S 43000, 190 90 14.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)— One test shall be
TP430 TI and S 43036 made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot of
TP443 S44300 207 95
TP446-1 and S44600 207 95
finished tubes. For tubes over 8 in. [203.2 mm] in outside
TP446-2 diameter, or tubes with wall thickness 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] and
TP409 S40900 207 95 over, the flattening test may be performed instead of the flange
TP439 S43035A 190 90
... S41500 295B 32
test unless the flange test is specified in the purchase order.
TPXM-33 and S44626 and 241 100 14.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
TPXM-27 S44627 shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot.
18CR-2Mo S44400 217 95
29-4 and 29-4-2 S44700 and 207 100
14.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,
S44800 flaring, flanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to
26-3-3 S44660 265 25B each heat.
25-4-4 S44635 270 27B
... S44735 ... 100 14.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one re-
28-2-3.5 S32803 240 100 verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each
... S40977 180 88 1500 ft [450 m] of finished tubing.
... S43940 180 88
... S42035 180 88
A
15. Intergranular Corrosion Test
Editorially corrected October 2000.
B
Rockwell hardness, C scale. 15.1 When intergranular corrosion testing is specified on the
purchase order, the test will be Practices A 763, using samples
12.2 The permissible variations in outside diameter given in prepared as agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser.
Table 6 are not sufficient to provide for ovality in thin-walled
tubes, as defined in the Table. In such tubes, the maximum and 16. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test
minimum diameters at any cross section shall deviate from the 16.1 Each tube, seamless or welded, shall be subjected to
nominal diameter by no more than twice the permissible the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type

4
 A 268/A 268M – 04a
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Dimensions

Permissible Vari- Permissible Variations in Cut

Size, Outside ations in Outside Permissible Length, in.B [mm]
Diameter, in. Diameter, Variations in Wall
Group [mm] in. [mm] Thickness,A % Over Under Thin-Walled TubesC
1 Up to ⁄ [12.7], excl
12 60.005 [0.13] 615 ⁄ [3]
18 0 ...
2 ⁄ to 11⁄2 [12.7 to 38.1], excl
12 60.005 [0.13] 610 ⁄ [3]
18 0 less than 0.065 in. [1.6 mm]
nominal
3 11⁄2 to 31⁄2 [38.1 to 88.9], 60.010 [0.25] 610 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.095 in. [2.4 mm]
excl
nominal
4 31⁄2 to 51⁄2 [88.9 to 139.7], 60.015 [0.38] 610 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in. [3.8 mm]
excl
nominal
5 51⁄2 to 8 [139.7 to 203.2], 60.030 [0.76] 610 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in. [3.8 mm]
incl
nominal
A
When tubes as ordered require wall thicknesses 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or less of the outside diameter, a wider variation in wall thickness
is required. On such sizes a variation in wall thickness of 12.5 % over or under will be permitted.
For tubes less than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in inside diameter which cannot be successfully drawn over a mandrel, the wall thickness may vary 615 % from that specified.
B
These tolerances apply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3 m], the above over tolerances shall be increased by 1⁄8 in.
[3 mm] for each 10 ft [3 m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft, or 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], whichever is lesser.
C
Ovality provisions of 12.2 apply.

of test to be used shall be at the option of the manufacturer, 18. Keywords

unless otherwise specified in the purchase order.
18.1 ferritic stainless steel; seamless steel tube; stainless
17. Product Marking steel tube; steel tube; welded steel tube
17.1 In addition to the marking described in Specification
A 1016/A 1016M, the marking shall indicate whether the
tubing is seamless or welded.

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.

S1. Air-Underwater Pressure Test S2.2 If Practice E 273 is employed, a 100 % volumetric
S1.1 When specified, the tubing shall be examined by the air inspection of the entire length of each tube shall also be
underwater pressure test. performed using one of the non-destructive electric tests
permitted by Specification A 1016/A 1016M.
S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing for Special
ASME Applications (see Note S2.1) S2.3 The test methods described in the supplement may not
be capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. This
NOTE S2.1—When specified, the special testing in this supplement is
condition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-
intended for special ASME applications. It is not mandatory for all ASME
applications. mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.
S2.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspection S2.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
employing Practices E 273 or E 213 with the rejection criteria A 1016/A 1016M,“ S2” shall be added after the grade
referenced in Specification A 1016/A 1016M. designation.

5
 A 268/A 268M – 04a
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 268/A 268M – 04, which may impact the use of this specification (Approved September 1, 2004).

(1) Deleted references to S32900 throughout. (3) Deleted old Notes 1, 2, 3, and 4.
(2) Deleted references to A 789/A 789M and A 790/A 790M (4) Added new Section 15.
throughout. (5) Revised the Supplementary Requirements.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 268/A 268M – 03, which may impact the use of this specification (Approved May 1, 2004).

(1) Revised grades TP 409 and TP 410 in Table 3.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 268/A 268M – 01, which may impact the use of this specification (Approved September 10, 2003).

(1) Replaced Specification A 450/A 450M with Specification (2) Clarified ordering requirements to include purchaser’s
A 1016/A 1016M throughout. responsibility in Section 4.

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