9

Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE
Module 3: Geothermal Energy

CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Earth and Science
Module 3: Geothermal Energy
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has
been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo, Roland Jayson R. Laurencio
Editor: Loreta E. Santos, Anthony D. Angeles
Reviewers: Anacoreta R. Trogo, Marilou G. Duque, Toribio G. Cruz Jr
Illustators: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo, Roland Jayson R. Laurencio
Layout Artists: Anthony D. Angeles, Jacqueline E. Libut Management
Team: Malcolm S. Garma, PhD
Genia V. Santos, PhD
Dennis M. Mendoza
Micah S. Pacheco
Josefina M. Pablo, PhD
Manolo C. Davantes Jr., PhD
Dalisay E. Esguerra
Hilda C. Valencia

Printed in the Philippines ________________________

Department of Education – National Capital Region

Office Address: Misamis St. Bago Bantay, Quezon City
Telefax: (632)8929-0153
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 9

Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE
Module 3: Geothermal Energy
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
bystep as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is

here to help you master the sources and type of energy from the
volcano. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

The module focuses on achieving this learning competency:

Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human

use(S9ES-IIIc-d-29).

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the formation of energy from volcanoes;

2. explain how a geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy;
3. create a concept map showing production of geothermal energy from Earth’s
interior;
4. identify types of volcanoes which can be good sources of geothermal energy;
5. identify the volcanoes in the Philippines which are sources of geothermal
energy;
6. enumerate the uses of energy from volcanoes to human; and,
7. identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy.

What I Know

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
1. Which geothermal plant is located at Albay province?
A. Tiwi Geothermal Plant
B. Ampiro Geothermal Power Project
C. Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant
D. Montelago Power Plant

2. What is being harnessed from the interior of the Earth that is used by geothermal
power plants?
A. heat
B. mineral
C. electricity
D. solar power

3. What form of energy is generated using hot water steam from deep in the earth?
A. Geothermal
B. Hydropower
C. Solar power
D. Dendrothermal

4. What do dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle geothermal plants have in
common that they used to generate electricity?
A. Solar turbines
B. Nuclear turbines
C. Steam turbines
D. Water turbines

5. Which is being used to lead hot water or steam from the reservoirs into the power
plants?
A. Injection wells
B. Rock catchers
C. Heating boilers
D. Production wells

6. Which draws the water up from the production wells and returns to the
geothermal reservoir where it regains the thermal energy for electricity
generation?
A. Injection wells
B. Rock catchers
C. Heating boilers
D. Production wells

7. What does “sustainable” energy source imply?

A. It is limited in supply
B. It will not be used up
C. It may cause global warming
D. It can be replenished within a human lifetime.
8. What is the negative effect of building geothermal energy?
A. Cost
B. Pollution
C. Nuclear Fallout
2 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 D. Global warming

9. Which method of converting energy is used by the Geothermal plant? A. Heat

from the sun is used to generate electricity.
B. Water from the dam is used to turn the turbine to generate electricity.
C. Radiation from the radioactive substance is used to produce electricity.
D. Heat inside the Earth is used to produce steam to generate electricity.

10. Which among these natural hazards has potential effect on geothermal power
plants?
A. Earthquakes
B. Forest fires
C. Hurricanes
D. All of the above

11. What is the advantage of a geothermal power plant?

A. renewable resources
B. high temperature is required
C. can cause surface instability
D. suited only in particular region

12. Which of the following volcanoes is a source of Negros Oriental called EDC’s
Southern Negros Geothermal Production Field?
A. Mount Taal
B. Mount Talinis
C. Mount Kanlaon
D. Mount Pinatubo

13. What are the two volcanoes that run the Mak-ban Geothermal Power Plant?
A. Mt. Bulalo and Mt. Olilia
B. Mt. Taal and Mt. Bulusan
C. Mt. Kanlaon and Mt. Olilia
D. Mt. Kanlaon and Mt. Bulusan

14. Which pair of geothermal power plants and location is INCORRECT?

A. Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant : Albay
B. Mak - Ban : Laguna
C. Mindanao Geothermal Production Field : Zamboanga
D. Bac-Man : Sorsogon

15. Philippines is one of the world's top producers of this type of energy due to its
location along the Pacific Ring of Fire. What type of energy source is being
referred to?
A. Dendrothermal
B. Geothermal
C. Hydropower
D. Solar power

3 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 Lesson
Earth and Space:
1 Geothermal Energy
In Modules 1 and 2, you have learned the different types of volcanoes and
volcanic eruption. You can now explain what happens when a volcano erupts. In this
module, you will be dealing with how the energy coming from volcanoes differ from
other energy sources, identify the type of volcanoes which can be a good source of
geothermal energy, create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow
in a geothermal power plant, explain how geothermal energy is transformed into
electric energy, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal
energy.

Here are some key questions for you to ponder after finishing this module:

1. What are the volcanoes in the Philippines that is a good source of geothermal
energy?
2. How is geothermal energy transformed into electrical energy?
3. How can energy from volcanoes be tapped for human use?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy?

What’s In

Let us recall your understanding about volcanic eruption by answering the

given questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Describe two ways that volcanoes can change the surrounding

environment rapidly.
2. Describe two ways that the surrounding environment of a volcano can
change over many years.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

4 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 What’s New

Source: DepEd BLR Illustrations

Volcanoes sure are scary when

they erupt, but did you know that
we can tap into its attributes to
our advantage?

This module will make you

appreciate more of our natural
resources and be thankful that
we can use natural energy for
our own consumption.

Source: DepEd BLR Illustrations

Have you ever seen a geothermal power plant?

How does it function as an alternative source of energy?
What is It

Energy from the Volcano

5 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 Since our country is a home to more than a hundred volcanoes, energy has been
tapped from the depths of the Earth. Actually, the Philippines ranks second in the
world’s production of geothermal energy. According to the Department of Energy,
14.4% of the country’s total power of generation is produced from the geothermal
energy. The production of electricity from geothermal energy is cheaper than the
electricity production using natural gas, coal, and hydropower.

What is Geothermal Energy?

The Earth is believed to be extremely hot from within. This heat from the Earth’s
interior is a source of energy called geothermal energy. The heat of the Earth warms
up water which is trapped in rock formations beneath its surface.

There are two Geothermal Systems;

a. Conventional Geothermal System utilizes steam from natural resources such

as geysers or by drawing water from the hot, high-pressure depths of Earth;
and
b. Supercritical Geothermal System a naturally occurring hot water or steams
flows heated by magma and circulating through permeable rock. In volcanic
geothermal energy, the heat comes from supercritical. The energy from
supercritical water is much higher than conventional steam.

How is geothermal energy generated?

Geothermal energy is generated in two ways: geothermal power plants and

geothermal heat pumps. They differ in the depth of heat source to produce energy.

In geothermal power plants, the heat from deep inside the Earth is used to produce
steam to generate electricity. In comparison with geothermal heat pumps, it uses the
heat coming from close to the Earth’s surface to heat water or provide heat for
buildings.

In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in

Tiwi (Albay), Kidapawan (North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago
City (Negros Occidental), Valencia (Negros Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).
Power Plant Volcano Location

Tiwi Goeothermal Power Plant Mt. Malinao Tiwi, Albay

Mindanao Geothermal Mt. Apo Kidapawan, Cotabato

Production Field

Makiling-Banahaw (Mak- Mt. Bulalo and Mt. Laguna

Ban) Geothermal Power Plant Olilia

Leyte Geothermal Power Various Mountains Leyte

Plants (Malitbog, Upper
Mahiao, Mahanagdong,
Tongonan)

6 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 Negros Occidental Power Various Mountains, Negros Occidental
Plants (Northern Negros, Northern – Mt. Kanlaon
Palinpinon, Nasulo)
Southern – Mt. Talinis

BacMan Geothermal Power Pocdol Mountains Sorsogon

Stations 1 and 2

The Geothermal Power Plant

Power plants are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the
surface or near a group of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.
The following steps are followed to generate electricity in a geothermal power
plant:

1. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to
turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam and condenses it back to water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the earth to begin the process again.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

More stuff about Volcanoes!

7 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
A VOLCANO is an opening in the Earth’s
crust in which molten rock and fragments
came out.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

A HOT SPRING is a source of water which

flows out with a temperature higher than the
average temperature of the neighboring
areas.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

Fumarole releases steam

A FUMAROLE is usually found in

volcanic regions. It is a hole in the
grounds where vapors and gases come
out.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

A GEYSER is a spring that

occasionally shoots out hot water and
steam.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

8 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 What’s More

ACTIVITY 1: THUMBS UP OR THUMBS DOWN

Read the statements below and mark it 👍 (thumbs up) if the statement is
true or correct and 👎 (thumbs down) if the statement is false or incorrect. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

_____1. High temperature inside the Earth turns different materials in the mantle to
partially melt and can be used as source of energy.

_____2. Energy that comes from the heat inside the Earth is called Geothermal
energy.

_____3. Geothermal energy converts heat to electricity using conventional and

supercritical system.

_____4. Conventional Geothermal energy uses steam/heat produced from molten

materials and water from the underground.

_____5. Supercritical system utilizes steam from geysers and hot-pressure depths of
the Earth.

ACTIVITY 2: IDENTIFICATION
Identify the volcano and choose the answer on the table. Use a separate sheet
of paper for your answers.
Mayon Volcano Mount Pinatubo Canlaon Volcano

Malinao Volcano Taal Volcano Mount Kratakoa

_________________1. One of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines which located
in Albay, Camarines Sur
_________________2. An active stratovolcano situated in Central Negros Island
_________________3. An active stratovolcano that can be found in the Zambales
mountains
_________________4. One of the most active and complex volcano located in Batangas
_________________5. A potentially active volcano also known as Buhi or Takit situated
between Albay and Camarines Sur.

ACTIVITY 3: FILL IN THE PROCESS

Arrange the step by step process of converting geothermal energy to electrical
energy. Choose your answers below and write the corresponding letter to the
numbered boxes, write your answer on a separate sheet.
9 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

A. The steam cools off in a cooling tower and condenses back to water.
B. When the water reaches the surface, the pressure is dropped, which causes
the water to turn into steam.
C. The cooled water is pumped back into the Earth to begin the process again.
D. Hot water is pumped from deep underground through a well high pressure.
E. The steam spins the turbine, which is connected to the generator that
produces electricity.

ACTIVITY 4: EXPLAIN…EXPLAIN
Explain how geothermal energy flows in a geothermal power plant using the
diagram below. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answers.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________.
ACTIVITY 5: MY TOP 5!
List five activities that make use of geothermal energy. Use a separate sheet
of paper for your answers.
10 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 MY TOP 5 ACTIVITIES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What I Have Learned

Determine the word that correctly completes the statement. You may choose
your answer from the words inside the box. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.

Geothermal energy electricity Earth’s surface

Conventional heat Volcanic more
steam water turbines vapors
supercritical water higher gas
pressure

(1)__________uses the (2)__________ trapped beneath the (3)__________ to

generate (4)__________. (5)___________geothermal energy utilizes (6)_________ from
natural sources such as geysers, or by drawing (7)__________ from the hot,
highpressure depths of the Earth. The hot (8)_________ are then used to drive electric
(9)___________.

In the case of (10)_________geothermal energy, the heat comes from

(11)___________. The researchers explained that energy from so called supercritical
water is much (12)_________ than conventional geothermal steam. When molten rock
and water meet, the extreme heat and (13)__________ bring water to a “supercritical”
state, where it is neither liquid or nor (14)__________. In this form,
the water can carry (15)__________ energy than normal steam, which
could create up to 10 times the power output of other geothermal
sources.
What I Can Do

11 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 ADVANTAGE VS. DISADVANTAGE
Read and answer the questions below and give its advantages and
disadvantages on the following; Social, Environmental and Renewable resources?
What is Geothermal Energy?
__________________________________________________________________________________

Social Environmental

Advantages Disadvantages Advantages Disadvantages

Renewable

Advantages Disadvantages

Assessment

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Heat from the volcano can be utilized as energy source. Which energy comes from
the volcano?

12 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 A. Biomass
B. Dendrothermal
C. Geothermal
D. Hydroelectric

2. Which locations can be good sources of geothermal energy?

A. Ocean, river, sea
B. Geyser, ocean, river
C. Geyser, hot spring, ocean
D. Geyser, hot spring, steam vents

3. Where is the first geothermal power plant located in our country?

A. Albay
B. Batangas
C. Leyte
D. Negros

4. Which statement is TRUE about geothermal energy?

A. Its supply is limited
B. It causes global warming
C. It generates greenhouse gases
D. It is a sustainable energy source

5. Which shows the correct sequence of the flow of energy in a Geothermal Power
Plant?
A. electricity steam generator
turbine hot water
B. hot water generator turbine steamelectricity
C. generator turbine steam hot water
electricity
D. hot water steam turbine generator electricity

6. Heat energy can be trapped and used for our daily activities. What are the two
ways in doing this?
A. through the use of fossil fuels
B. through Geothermal heat pumps
C. through Geothermal power plant
D. Both B and C

7. How is geothermal energy harnessed as source of electricity? A. Wells are

drilled on Earth’s surface to pump steam or hot water
B. The steam from hot water spins the turbine to produce electricity
C. The turbines are connected to generators that generates electricity
D. All of the above

8. What is the positive effect of building a geothermal powerplant?

A. Lesser cost
B. Lesser Pollution
C. Nuclear Fallout
D. Global Warming

13 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
9. Which problem may occur as a result of building a geothermal energy facility? A.
The burning of fossil fuel.
B. Water pollution from the chemicals.
C. Toxic gases can be released when drilling.
D. All the above

10. Geothermal Power Plants is susceptible to trigger this natural calamity?

A. Earthquakes
B. Forest Fire
C. Hurricanes
D. All the above

11. Which of these are considered as the disadvantages of using geothermal energy?
I.Low carbon footprints energy source
II.Reservoirs are not permanent
III.Harmful gases maybe released into the atmosphere
IV.High cost of constructing the system
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. I, III and IV
D. II, III and IV

12. What is/are the advantages of using geothermal energy? I.The production cost is
cheaper
II.The main source of energy is the sun
III.Safe and friendly to the environment
IV.It is available everywhere on Earth
A. I and II
B. I and III
C. III only
D. IV only

13. Arrange the following sequence of conversion of geothermal energy into electrical
energy in a geothermal power plant.
I. Steam is used to turn the turbine
II. Cool water is injected to the ground
III. Generator converts mechanical to electrical energy
IV. Hot water is pumped up and steam is produced
A. I, II, III, IV
B. II, III, I, IV
C. II, IV, I, III
D. IV, I, III, II

14. Which volcano is located on the northwest slopes of North Cotabato and Davao
Provinces?
A. Mt. Bulusan
B. Mt. Apo

14 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 C. Mt. Olilia
D. Mt. Taal

15. Why is the Philippines the best place to build geothermal power plants? A.
Because Philippines is a rich country.
B. Because the temperature in the Philippines is too hot.
C. Because the Philippines is in the of Pacific Ring of Fire.
D. Because there is lesser chance that an earthquake might happen.

Additional Activities

Directions: Each letter has a number. To unlock the code, copy the letter that goes
with the number. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

A B C D E F G H I J

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

K L M N O P Q R S T

21 22 23 24 25 26
CODE BOX
U V W X Y Z

15 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
References

Book
A Liza A. Alvarez, Dave G. Angeles, Hernan L. Apurada, Ma. Pilar P. Carmona,
Oliver A. Lahorra, Judith F. Marcaida, Ma. Ragaele A. Olarte, Estrella C. Osorio,
Digna C. Paningbatan, Marivic S. Rosales, and Ma. Teresa B. Delos Santos: Science
Learners Module 9. Department of Education: 2017; 176-177
Online Resources
Greenmatch. “Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy - The Source of
Renewable Heat”. Accessed January
26,2021.https://www.greenmatch.co.uk/blog/2014/04/advantages-
anddisadvantages-of-geothermal-energy
A student’s guide to Global Climate Change. “Geothermal Energy”. Accessed January
26, 2021.
https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologies/geothermal.ht
ml

Slideshare. “Geothermal Energy”. Accessed January 26, 2021.

https://www.slideshare.net/MadgeTechInc/what-is-geothermal-energy
Renewable energy world. “Geothermal Energy Tech”. Accessed January 26, 2021.
https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/types-of-renewable-energy/tech-3/#gref
Think GeoEnergy. “Geothermal”. Accessed January 26, 2021.
https://www.thinkgeoenergy.com/geothermal/

Slide serve. “Geothermal Energy”. Accessed January 26, 2021.

https://www.slideserve.com/doli/geothermal-energy
16 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
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