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    Early Christian and Byzantine Review

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    Marc Adrian Ayson
    The document summarizes early Christian church architecture. Christians initially adopted the basilica model for worship spaces, using buildings like halls, baths, and houses. These structures were constructed using Roman methods with rubble walls, brick, stone, and mosaic decorations. Semicircular arches spanned doors and windows. Over time, dedicated church buildings were constructed following the basilica layout with central naves and side aisles. Distinct church types also developed such as house churches, baptisteries, and underground burial sites called catacombs. Byzantine churches were characterized by domes, icon screens, and mosaic artwork with an absence of sculptures.

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    Early Christian and Byzantine Review

    Uploaded by

    Marc Adrian Ayson
    72 views10 pages
    The document summarizes early Christian church architecture. Christians initially adopted the basilica model for worship spaces, using buildings like halls, baths, and houses. These structures were constructed using Roman methods with rubble walls, brick, stone, and mosaic decorations. Semicircular arches spanned doors and windows. Over time, dedicated church buildings were constructed following the basilica layout with central naves and side aisles. Distinct church types also developed such as house churches, baptisteries, and underground burial sites called catacombs. Byzantine churches were characterized by domes, icon screens, and mosaic artwork with an absence of sculptures.

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    Reviewer for Early Christian and Byzantine Era

    Original Title

    EARLY-CHRISTIAN-AND-BYZANTINE-REVIEW

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    The document summarizes early Christian church architecture. Christians initially adopted the basilica model for worship spaces, using buildings like halls, baths, and houses. These structures were constructed using Roman methods with rubble walls, brick, stone, and mosaic decorations. Semicircular arches spanned doors and windows. Over time, dedicated church buildings were constructed following the basilica layout with central naves and side aisles. Distinct church types also developed such as house churches, baptisteries, and underground burial sites called catacombs. Byzantine churches were characterized by domes, icon screens, and mosaic artwork with an absence of sculptures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    72 views10 pages

    Early Christian and Byzantine Review

    Uploaded by

    Marc Adrian Ayson
    The document summarizes early Christian church architecture. Christians initially adopted the basilica model for worship spaces, using buildings like halls, baths, and houses. These structures were constructed using Roman methods with rubble walls, brick, stone, and mosaic decorations. Semicircular arches spanned doors and windows. Over time, dedicated church buildings were constructed following the basilica layout with central naves and side aisles. Distinct church types also developed such as house churches, baptisteries, and underground burial sites called catacombs. Byzantine churches were characterized by domes, icon screens, and mosaic artwork with an absence of sculptures.

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    of 10

    EARLY CHRISTIAN REVIEW

    1.) Christianity inspired the building of churches for worship.


    2.) The architectural character of the basilican churches is rendered impressive & dignified by
    the long perspective of columns.
    3.) The early Christians adopted the Basilican model for their, but in addition the halls, baths,
    dwelling-houses, and even the pagan temples were used for places of worship.
    4.) These were still constructed according to the Roman methods, rubble or concrete walling
    being used, faced with plaster, brick, or stone.
    5.) Mosaic was used internally, and sometimes externally on the west facades for decorative
    purposes
    6.) Doors, windows, and niches were generally spanned by a semicircular arch, the use of the
    lintel being dispensed with.
    7.) Mouldings
    8.) Ornament
    Parts of a Basilican Church:

    1. Atrium – open forecourt surrounded by arcades

    2. Narthex – located between the atrium and the church, was used by penitents
    3. Nave – seating area for the worshippers.

    Aisles – located on both sides of the nave


    Cancelli – low screen wall enclosing the choir.
    4. Transcept – side projections of the church.

    5. Bema – raised platform on the altar.


    6. Altar – place where the priest officiates the mass.
    7. Baldachino – erected on columns over the altar
    Apse – circular termination of the church.

    Plan
    15. The DURA-EUROPOS CHURCH (also known as the Dura-Europos house church) is the
    earliest identified Christian house church.

    16. BAPTISTERY OF CONSTANTINE, Rome built by Sixtus III was among the oldest
    of Italian Baptisteries.

    17. TOMBS

    18 . Catacombs are network of subterranean chambers and galleries used for burial purposes
    by peoples of the Mediterranean world, especially the early Christians.

    The word catacomb was probably derived from the Latin ad catacumbas, meaning “at the
    hollows”.
    ST. APOLLINAIRE IN CLASSE, Ravenna was
    built by Emperor Justinian.

    SANTA SABINA, Rome has been altered often but retained its original character.
    S. MARIA MAGGIORE, Rome was built by Pope Sixtus III. (Rear View)

    NOTE: OTHER CHIRCHES ARE ALMOST BUILT BECAUSE OF CONSTANTINE

    BYZANTINE REVIEW

    1. Absence of sculptured figures, while colored pictures are generally flat and stylized.
    2. DOME
    3. The east end of the church is cut off from the nave by an iconostas (screen of pictures)
    4. Clay made into bricks and rubble for concrete were the building materials.
    5. Small windows and arcades with open courts were chief features.

    Types of Dome:
    1. Simple dome – dome and pendentive are parts of the same sphere.
    A pendentive is a triangular curved overhanging surface to support a circular dome over a square or
    polygonal compartment

    2. Compound dome - dome constructed separately from the pendentive.

    3. Melon-shaped dome (with convolutions or ribs)

    EX: HAGIA SOPHIA


    NOTE: HAGIA AND MONASTERY ARE BYZANTINE
    6.

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