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    Bills and Resolutions

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    Krisha Law
    A resolution expresses the sentiment or principles of the Senate or House of Representatives, while a bill is a proposed law. There are three types of resolutions: joint resolutions which require approval from both chambers and the president; concurrent resolutions which address operations of both chambers; and simple resolutions which deal with matters within one chamber. A bill goes through a long process of three readings in each chamber, amendments, and approval by both before being sent to the president to be signed into law as a Republic Act.

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    Bills and Resolutions

    Uploaded by

    Krisha Law
    51 views8 pages
    A resolution expresses the sentiment or principles of the Senate or House of Representatives, while a bill is a proposed law. There are three types of resolutions: joint resolutions which require approval from both chambers and the president; concurrent resolutions which address operations of both chambers; and simple resolutions which deal with matters within one chamber. A bill goes through a long process of three readings in each chamber, amendments, and approval by both before being sent to the president to be signed into law as a Republic Act.

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    A resolution expresses the sentiment or principles of the Senate or House of Representatives, while a bill is a proposed law. There are three types of resolutions: joint resolutions which require approval from both chambers and the president; concurrent resolutions which address operations of both chambers; and simple resolutions which deal with matters within one chamber. A bill goes through a long process of three readings in each chamber, amendments, and approval by both before being sent to the president to be signed into law as a Republic Act.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views8 pages

    Bills and Resolutions

    Uploaded by

    Krisha Law
    A resolution expresses the sentiment or principles of the Senate or House of Representatives, while a bill is a proposed law. There are three types of resolutions: joint resolutions which require approval from both chambers and the president; concurrent resolutions which address operations of both chambers; and simple resolutions which deal with matters within one chamber. A bill goes through a long process of three readings in each chamber, amendments, and approval by both before being sent to the president to be signed into law as a Republic Act.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Bills and Resolutions

    The job of a Senator or a Representative is to make laws that uphold the spirit of the constitution. They can also amend or change the
    constitution itself. Senators and Representatives work on two documents: bills and resolutions.

    A resolution conveys principles and sentiments of the Senate or the HOR. They are divided into:

     Joint resolutions – requires approval from the Senate, the HOR, and the signature of the President. They have the force and
    effect of a law once approved.
     Concurrent resolutions – used for matters affecting operations of both chambers and must be approved in the same form by
    both. These are not transmitted to the President; hence, they do not have the same force and effect of a law.
     Simple resolutions – deals with matters entirely within one of the chambers. As such, these are not referred to the President
    and do not have the force and effect of a law.

    A bill, on the other hand, is a law in the making. These are the “proposed laws” or “proposed amendment” you hear about in the news,
    like House Bill No. 2379, which seeks to amend the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997, the country’s 20-year-old tax
    code. House Bills are those made by a Representative, while Senate Bills are those made by a Senator.

    From Bill to Republic Act: the Process

    Going from a House or Senate Bill to a Republic Act is a long and arduous process. It takes 3 readings and an approval from both
    chambers along with the signature of the President before a bill can become a law, known in the Philippines as a Republic Act.

    The full process is outlined by the 1987 Constitution. An infographic of this can be seen on the Official Gazette.

    The process goes along as follows:


    1. Proposals and suggestions are taken from the President, government agencies, private individuals, interest groups, and
    legislators themselves.
    2. The author(s) then writes the bill and sign it before being filed with the Secretary General. For the 17th Congress, that person is
    Atty. Cesar S. Pareja.
    3. The bill then goes through three readings.
    1. The first reading consists of reading the title and author(s) and its referral to the appropriate committee(s). The
    committee then studies the bill and either submits it to the Committee on Rules or is laid on the table.
    2. The second reading comes after the bill has been included in the Calendar of Business by the Committee on Rules. This
    is when sponsorships, debates, and amendments take place. A vote is taken after all the debates and amendments, after
    which the bill is either archived or goes through a third reading.
    3. The third reading happens when the bill goes through a final check and vote via roll call. If it’s approved, it is then sent
    to the other house, where it goes through the same procedures. If not, it gets archived.
    4. After going through three readings from both houses, the conference committee of both houses ratifies the bill and submits it to
    the President for signing. If, however, there are conflicts in the provisions proposed by both Houses, a Bicameral Conference
    Committee is called upon to reconcile them.
    5. Once received by the Office of the President, the bill can take one of three routes:
    1. Approved. Once it is approved by the President, it becomes a Republic Act and takes effect 15 days after publication in
    the Official Gazette or at least two national newspapers of general circulation;
    2. Vetoed. The bill is returned to the originating house with an explanation on why it was vetoed. The house can either
    accept the veto or override it with a 2/3 (majority) vote, after which it is essentially approved, and takes effect 15 days
    after being publicized.
    3. Lapsed into law. A bill is said to have lapsed into law if the President fails to act on it within 30 days after receiving the
    bill. It takes effect 15 days after being publicized.

    Source: The Manila Survival Guide, Official Gazette

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