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    Chap 6 LIMIT AND CONTINUITY (S - Week 8)

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    ADELLINNE NATASYA BINTI ROSDI / UPM
    This document discusses numerical methods for finding the zeroes or roots of a function. It describes the bisection method, which estimates the next root by taking the midpoint between two values with opposite signs of the function. For the example function of a cantilevered beam, the bisection method is used to zero in on a root near 3.9 radians. It also introduces the regula falsa or false position method, which estimates the next root using linear interpolation between two points with opposite function signs.

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    Chap 6 LIMIT AND CONTINUITY (S - Week 8)

    Uploaded by

    ADELLINNE NATASYA BINTI ROSDI / UPM
    17 views7 pages
    This document discusses numerical methods for finding the zeroes or roots of a function. It describes the bisection method, which estimates the next root by taking the midpoint between two values with opposite signs of the function. For the example function of a cantilevered beam, the bisection method is used to zero in on a root near 3.9 radians. It also introduces the regula falsa or false position method, which estimates the next root using linear interpolation between two points with opposite function signs.

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    Chap 6 LIMIT AND CONTINUITY [S_week 8] (1)

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    This document discusses numerical methods for finding the zeroes or roots of a function. It describes the bisection method, which estimates the next root by taking the midpoint between two values with opposite signs of the function. For the example function of a cantilevered beam, the bisection method is used to zero in on a root near 3.9 radians. It also introduces the regula falsa or false position method, which estimates the next root using linear interpolation between two points with opposite function signs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views7 pages

    Chap 6 LIMIT AND CONTINUITY (S - Week 8)

    Uploaded by

    ADELLINNE NATASYA BINTI ROSDI / UPM
    This document discusses numerical methods for finding the zeroes or roots of a function. It describes the bisection method, which estimates the next root by taking the midpoint between two values with opposite signs of the function. For the example function of a cantilevered beam, the bisection method is used to zero in on a root near 3.9 radians. It also introduces the regula falsa or false position method, which estimates the next root using linear interpolation between two points with opposite function signs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    6.

    3 Numerical location of zeroes

    6.3 NUMERICAL LOCATION OF ZEROES


     Determination of the points at which a function takes a specific
    value (often zero) or the points at which it takes its maximum or
    minimum values and can be solve using many different procedures.
     This can be explained by the given example:
     The frequencies of a cantilevered beam as in figure is given by :

    𝜃𝜃2 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸
    2𝜋𝜋𝑙𝑙 2 𝜌𝜌

    where,
    𝑙𝑙 : the beam length; 𝐸𝐸 : Young’s modulus
    𝐼𝐼 : moment of inertia; 𝜌𝜌 : density, tan 𝜃𝜃 = tanh 𝜃𝜃
    6.3 Numerical location of zeroes

     The approximate 𝜃𝜃 value to satisfy the given equation by means of a


    graph is as below:

    𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟏
    𝟒𝟒
    𝝅𝝅 𝟒𝟒
    𝝅𝝅 𝟒𝟒
    𝝅𝝅

     The roots can be clearly seen at


    5
     To estimate the root near 𝜃𝜃 = 0, 𝜋𝜋 . Using calculator, the values of
    4
    tan 𝜃𝜃 = tanh 𝜃𝜃 are :

    𝜽𝜽 0 5 3.92 3.91 3.90


    𝜋𝜋 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
    4
    tan 𝜽𝜽 0
    tanh 𝜽𝜽 0
    6.3 Numerical location of zeroes

    BISECTION METHOD
     The root lies between 𝜃𝜃 = 3.92 to 3.93, take 𝜃𝜃1 = 3.92 and 𝜃𝜃2 = 3.93
     Taking the midpoint, 𝜃𝜃𝑚𝑚 =
    𝑥𝑥1 +𝑥𝑥2
     In Bisection method, estimation of next root is defined by .
    2

     Check whether 𝜃𝜃𝑚𝑚 is between 𝜃𝜃1 and 𝜃𝜃3 or between 𝜃𝜃3 and 𝜃𝜃2 .

    𝜃𝜃1 𝜃𝜃3 𝜃𝜃2 𝜃𝜃𝒎𝒎


    3.92 3.93
    6.3 Numerical location of zeroes

    BISECTION METHOD
     Then, determine the points at which it takes its maximum or minimum
    values.
     Bisection method, 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃 = tan 𝜃𝜃 − tanh 𝜃𝜃 , thus :

     The interval is [𝜃𝜃1 , 𝜃𝜃2 ]


    𝜃𝜃1 𝒇𝒇(𝜃𝜃1 ) 𝜃𝜃3 𝜃𝜃2 𝒇𝒇(𝜃𝜃2 ) 𝜃𝜃𝒎𝒎 𝒇𝒇(𝜃𝜃𝑚𝑚 )
    6.3 Numerical location of zeroes

    REGULA FALSA (FALSE POSITION)


     Refinement of Bisection method is Method of False Position or
    Regula Falsa
     In Regular Falsa, the estimation of next root is defined by interpolation.
     To solve the equation, 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥 = 0, 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1 > 0, 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥2 < 0and 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥) is
    continuous in (𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑥𝑥2 ).
     The straight line 𝑥𝑥1 , 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1 and 𝑥𝑥2 , 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥2 is
    𝑦𝑦 − 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥1
    =
    𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1 𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥1
     The line cuts 𝑥𝑥 axis (𝑦𝑦 = 0) at :
    𝑥𝑥1 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑥𝑥2 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1
    𝑥𝑥 =
    𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥2 − 𝑓𝑓 𝑥𝑥1
     Regula Falsa method, 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃 = tan 𝜃𝜃 − tanh 𝜃𝜃
    6.3 Numerical location of zeroes

    REGULA FALSA (FALSE POSITION)


     Then, determine the points at which it takes its maximum or minimum
    values.
     Regula falsa method, 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃 = tan 𝜃𝜃 − tanh 𝜃𝜃, thus :

    𝜃𝜃1 𝒇𝒇(𝜃𝜃1 ) 𝜃𝜃2 𝒇𝒇(𝜃𝜃2 ) 𝜃𝜃1 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃2 − 𝜃𝜃2 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃1 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃 = tan 𝜃𝜃 − tanh 𝜃𝜃
    𝜃𝜃 =
    𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃2 − 𝑓𝑓 𝜃𝜃1

     The interval is [𝜃𝜃1 , 𝜃𝜃2 ]=


    Terima Kasih | Thank You

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